@article {pmid32498135,
year = {2020},
author = {Imam, Z and Odish, F and Gill, I and O'Connor, D and Armstrong, J and Vanood, A and Ibironke, O and Hanna, A and Ranski, A and Halalau, A},
title = {Older age and comorbidity are independent mortality predictors in a large cohort of 1305 COVID-19 patients in Michigan, United States.},
journal = {Journal of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/joim.13119},
pmid = {32498135},
issn = {1365-2796},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Higher comorbidity and older age have been reported as correlates of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients worldwide, however US data is scarce. We evaluated mortality predictors of COVID-19 in a large cohort of hospitalized patients in the US.<br><br>DESIGN: Retrospective, multicenter cohort of inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR from March 1-April 1,2020 was performed, and outcome data evaluated from March 1-April 17, 2020. Measures included demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, laboratory values, and imaging on admission. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, time to death, and development of acute kidney injury in the first 48-hours.<br><br>RESULTS: 1305 patients were hospitalized during the evaluation period. Mean age was 61.0±16.3, 53.8% were male and 66.1% African-American. Mean BMI was 33.2±8.8 kg/m2. Median Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 2 (1-4), 72.6% of patients had at least one comorbidity, with hypertension (56.2%) and diabetes mellitus (30.1%) being the most prevalent. ACE-I/ARB use and NSAIDs use were widely prevalent (43.3% and 35.7% respectively). Mortality occurred in 200 (15.3%) of patients with median time of 10 (6-14) days. Age >60 (aOR:1.93,95% CI:1.26-2.94), and CCI>3 (aOR:2.71,95% CI:1.85-3.97) were independently associated with mortality by multivariate analyses. NSAIDs and ACE-I/ARB use had no significant effects on renal failure in the first 48 hours.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Advanced age and an increasing number of comorbidities are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality for COVID-19 patients. NSAIDs and ACE-I/ARB use prior to admission is not associated with renal failure or increased mortality.},
}
@article {pmid32498131,
year = {2020},
author = {Lumpkin, MM and Lim, JC},
title = {Pandemic Best Regulatory Practices: An Urgent Need in the Covid-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cpt.1932},
pmid = {32498131},
issn = {1532-6535},
abstract = {As large numbers of candidate drugs and vaccines for potential use in the Covid-19 pandemic are investigated, medicines regulators globally must now make urgent, informed, contextually risk-based decisions regarding clinical trials and marketing authorizations. They must do this with the flexibility demanded by the pandemic while maintaining their core risk assessment and public safety functions. We lay out the critical role of regulators in the current crisis and offer eight &quot;pandemic best regulatory practices.&quot;},
}
@article {pmid32498128,
year = {2020},
author = {Chernyshov, PV and Tomas-Aragones, L and Augustin, M and Svensson, A and Bewley, A and Poot, F and Szepietowski, JC and Marron, SE and Manolache, L and Pustisek, N and Suru, A and Salavastru, CM and Blome, C and Salek, MS and Abeni, D and Sampogna, F and Dalgard, F and Linder, D and Ewers, A and Finlay, AY},
title = {Position statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes on quality of life issues in dermatologic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16720},
pmid = {32498128},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {The pandemic of COVID-19 is a global challenge for health care and dermatologists are not standing apart from trying to meet this challenge. The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) has collected recommendations from its Task Forces (TFs) related to COVID-19. The Journal of the EADV has established a COVID-19 Special Forum giving free access to related articles. The psychosocial effects of the pandemic, an increase in contact dermatitis and several other skin diseases because of stress, disinfectants and protective equipment use, especially in health care workers, the temporary limited access to dermatologic care, the dilemma whether or not to pause immunosuppressive therapy, and, finally, the occurrence of skin lesions in patients infected by COVID-19 all contribute to significant quality of life (QoL) impairment. Here we present detailed recommendations of the EADV TF on QoL and Patient Oriented Outcomes on how to improve QoL in dermatologic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic for several different groups of patients and for the general population.},
}
@article {pmid32498115,
year = {2020},
author = {Cruickshank, M and Shaban, RZ},
title = {COVID-19: Lessons to be learnt from a once-in-a-century global pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of clinical nursing},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jocn.15365},
pmid = {32498115},
issn = {1365-2702},
abstract = {The year 2020 will mark a once-in-a-century global event: the outbreak and pandemic of COVID-19. On the 31 December 2019 the World Health Organization (WHO) reported a cluster of pneumonia-like cases of a novel coronavirus zoonosis in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The outbreak was due to a new or novel coronavirus, which would later be called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).},
}
@article {pmid32498114,
year = {2020},
author = {Beaman, A and Davidson, PM},
title = {Service learning and COVID-19 - what the future might look like?.},
journal = {Journal of clinical nursing},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jocn.15369},
pmid = {32498114},
issn = {1365-2702},
abstract = {The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted travel and caused marked death and disability globally. The economic impact of this change has forced universities to operate differently in how they conduct their operations and deliver education to students (Jackson et al. 2020). Leveraging digital modalities has been crucial in achieving business continuity.},
}
@article {pmid32498097,
year = {2020},
author = {Langer, F and Kluge, S and Klamroth, R and Oldenburg, J},
title = {Coagulopathy in COVID-19 and Its Implication for Safe and Efficacious Thromboprophylaxis.},
journal = {Hamostaseologie},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/a-1178-3551},
pmid = {32498097},
issn = {2567-5761},
abstract = {The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is causing a global pandemic of life-threatening multiorgan disease, called COVID-19. Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with COVID-19 are at significant risk of thromboembolic complications, mainly affecting the venous, but also the arterial vascular system. While the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) appears to be higher in patients requiring intensive care unit support compared to those admitted to general wards, recent autopsy findings and data on the timing of VTE diagnosis relative to hospitalization clearly suggest that thromboembolic events also contribute to morbidity and mortality in the ambulatory setting. In addition to a severe hypercoagulable state caused by systemic inflammation and viral endotheliitis, some patients with advanced COVID-19 may develop a coagulopathy, which meets established laboratory criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation, but is not typically associated with relevant bleeding. Similar to other medical societies, the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research has issued empirical recommendations on initiation, dosing, and duration of pharmacological VTE prophylaxis in COVID-19 patients.},
}
@article {pmid32498096,
year = {2020},
author = {Terzi, F and Cefarelli, M and Fattori, R and Di Eusanio, M},
title = {Intramural Hematoma as Unexpected Complication of COVID-19 Infection.},
journal = {Aorta (Stamford, Conn.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/s-0040-1713107},
pmid = {32498096},
issn = {2325-4637},
abstract = {Novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an ominous infectious disease that seems capable to attack any organ system, leading in the most severe cases to patient death. COVID-19 has been associated with multiple cardiovascular complications of inflammatory and immune origin, leading to a wide spectrum of vascular damage, myocardial injury, stroke, and pulmonary obstruction. We report the case of a patient with COVID-19 infection who developed an acute aortic syndrome with the characteristics of aortic intramural hematoma.},
}
@article {pmid32498092,
year = {2020},
author = {Premkumar, A and Cassimatis, I and Berhie, SH and Jao, J and Cohn, SE and Sutton, SH and Condron, B and Levesque, J and Garcia, PM and Miller, ES and Yee, LM},
title = {Home Birth in the Era of COVID-19: Counseling and Preparation for Pregnant Persons Living with HIV.},
journal = {American journal of perinatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/s-0040-1712513},
pmid = {32498092},
issn = {1098-8785},
abstract = {With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States, a majority of states have instituted &quot;shelter-in-place&quot; policies effectively quarantining individuals-including pregnant persons-in their homes. Given the concern for COVID-19 acquisition in health care settings, pregnant persons with high-risk pregnancies-such as persons living with HIV (PLHIV)-are increasingly investigating the option of a home birth. Although we strongly recommend hospital birth for PLHIV, we discuss our experience and recommendations for counseling and preparation of pregnant PLHIV who may be considering home birth or at risk for unintentional home birth due to the pandemic. We also discuss issues associated with implementing a risk mitigation strategy involving high-risk births occurring at home during a pandemic. KEY POINTS: · Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has increased interest in home birth.. · Women living with HIV are pursuing home birth.. · Safe planning is paramount for women living with HIV desiring home birth, despite recommending against the practice..},
}
@article {pmid32498087,
year = {2020},
author = {Ashraf, S and Ilyas, S and Alraies, MC},
title = {Acute coronary syndrome in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {European heart journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa454},
pmid = {32498087},
issn = {1522-9645},
}
@article {pmid32498085,
year = {2020},
author = {Korytkowski, M and Antinori-Lent, K and Drincic, A and Hirsch, IB and McDonnell, ME and Rushakoff, R and Muniyappa, R},
title = {A Pragmatic Approach to Inpatient Diabetes Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1210/clinem/dgaa342},
pmid = {32498085},
issn = {1945-7197},
abstract = {The pandemic of COVID-19 has presented new challenges to hospital personnel providing care for infected patients with diabetes who represent more than 20% of critically ill patients in intensive care units. Appropriate glycemic management contributes to a reduction in adverse clinical outcomes in acute illness but also requires intensive patient interactions for bedside glucose monitoring, intravenous and subcutaneous insulin administration, as well as rapid intervention for hypoglycemia events. These tasks are required at a time when minimizing patient interactions is recommended as a way of avoiding prolonged exposure to COVID-19 by health care personnel who often practice in settings with limited supplies of personal protective equipment. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide guidance for clinicians for reconciling recommended standards of care for infected hospitalized patients with diabetes while also addressing the daily realities of an overwhelmed health care system in many areas of the country. The use of modified protocols for insulin administration, bedside glucose monitoring, and medications such as glucocorticoids and hydroxychloroquine that may affect glycemic control are discussed. Continuous glucose monitoring systems have been proposed as an option for reducing time spent with patients, but there are important issues that need to be addressed if these are used in hospitalized patients. On site and remote glucose management teams have potential to provide guidance in areas where there are shortages of personnel who have expertise in inpatient glycemic management.},
}
@article {pmid32498081,
year = {2020},
author = {Anker, SD and Butler, J and Khan, MS and Abraham, WT and Bauersachs, J and Bocchi, E and Bozkurt, B and Braunwald, E and Chopra, VK and Cleland, JG and Ezekowitz, J and Filippatos, G and Friede, T and Hernandez, AF and Lam, CSP and Lindenfeld, J and McMurray, JJV and Mehra, M and Metra, M and Packer, M and Pieske, B and Pocock, SJ and Ponikowski, P and Rosano, GMC and Teerlink, JR and Tsutsui, H and Van Veldhuisen, DJ and Verma, S and Voors, AA and Wittes, J and Zannad, F and Zhang, J and Seferovic, P and Coats, AJS},
title = {Conducting clinical trials in heart failure during (and after) the COVID-19 pandemic: an Expert Consensus Position Paper from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).},
journal = {European heart journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa461},
pmid = {32498081},
issn = {1522-9645},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has important implications for the safety of participants in clinical trials and the research staff caring for them and, consequently, for the trials themselves. Patients with heart failure may be at greater risk of infection with COVID-19 and the consequences might also be more serious, but they are also at risk of adverse outcomes if their clinical care is compromised. As physicians and clinical trialists, it is our responsibility to ensure safe and effective care is delivered to trial participants without affecting the integrity of the trial. The social contract with our patients demands no less. Many regulatory authorities from different world regions have issued guidance statements regarding the conduct of clinical trials during this COVID-19 crisis. However, international trials may benefit from expert guidance from a global panel of experts to supplement local advice and regulations, thereby enhancing the safety of participants and the integrity of the trial. Accordingly, the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology on 21 and 22 March 2020 conducted web-based meetings with expert clinical trialists in Europe, North America, South America, Australia, and Asia. The main objectives of this Expert Position Paper are to highlight the challenges that this pandemic poses for the conduct of clinical trials in heart failure and to offer advice on how they might be overcome, with some practical examples. While this panel of experts are focused on heart failure clinical trials, these discussions and recommendations may apply to clinical trials in other therapeutic areas.},
}
@article {pmid32498079,
year = {2020},
author = {Rimac, G and Marzouk, M and Dumont, É and Paradis, JM},
title = {When a delayed cardiology consultation leads to a massive left ventricle pseudoaneurysm: collateral effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {European heart journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa480},
pmid = {32498079},
issn = {1522-9645},
}
@article {pmid32498078,
year = {2020},
author = {Ruilope, LM and Tamargo, J and Ruiz-Hurtado, G},
title = {Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in the COVID-19 pandemic: consequences of antihypertensive drugs.},
journal = {European heart journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa487},
pmid = {32498078},
issn = {1522-9645},
}
@article {pmid32498076,
year = {2020},
author = {Gao, C and Cai, Y and Zhang, K and Zhou, L and Zhang, Y and Zhang, X and Li, Q and Li, W and Yang, S and Zhao, X and Zhao, Y and Wang, H and Liu, Y and Yin, Z and Zhang, R and Wang, R and Yang, M and Hui, C and Wijns, W and McEvoy, JW and Soliman, O and Onuma, Y and Serruys, PW and Tao, L and Li, F},
title = {Association of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment with COVID-19 mortality: a retrospective observational study.},
journal = {European heart journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa433},
pmid = {32498076},
issn = {1522-9645},
abstract = {AIMS: It remains unknown whether the treatment of hypertension influences the mortality of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).<br><br>METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a retrospective observational study of all patients admitted with COVID-19 to Huo Shen Shan Hospital. The hospital was dedicated solely to the treatment of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Hypertension and the treatments were stratified according to the medical history or medications administrated prior to the infection. Among 2877 hospitalized patients, 29.5% (850/2877) had a history of hypertension. After adjustment for confounders, patients with hypertension had a two-fold increase in the relative risk of mortality as compared with patients without hypertension [4.0% vs. 1.1%, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.82, P = 0.013]. Patients with a history of hypertension but without antihypertensive treatment (n = 140) were associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality compared with those with antihypertensive treatments (n = 730) (7.9% vs. 3.2%, adjusted HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.03-4.57, P = 0.041). The mortality rates were similar between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor (4/183) and non-RAAS inhibitor (19/527) cohorts (2.2% vs. 3.6%, adjusted HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.28-2.58, P = 0.774). However, in a study-level meta-analysis of four studies, the result showed that patients with RAAS inhibitor use tend to have a lower risk of mortality (relative risk 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.94, P = 0.20).<br><br>CONCLUSION: While hypertension and the discontinuation of antihypertensive treatment are suspected to be related to increased risk of mortality, in this retrospective observational analysis, we did not detect any harm of RAAS inhibitors in patients infected with COVID-19. However, the results should be considered as exploratory and interpreted cautiously.},
}
@article {pmid32498070,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhai, Y},
title = {A Call for Addressing Barriers to Telemedicine: Health Disparities during the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Psychotherapy and psychosomatics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-3},
doi = {10.1159/000509000},
pmid = {32498070},
issn = {1423-0348},
}
@article {pmid32498068,
year = {2020},
author = {Wiebers, DO and Feigin, VL},
title = {What the COVID-19 Crisis Is Telling Humanity.},
journal = {Neuroepidemiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10.1159/000508654},
pmid = {32498068},
issn = {1423-0208},
}
@article {pmid32498065,
year = {2020},
author = {White, A and Mukherjee, P and Stremming, J and Sherlock, LG and Reynolds, RM and Smith, D and Asturias, EJ and Grover, TR and Dietz, RM},
title = {Neonates Hospitalized with Community-Acquired SARS-CoV-2 in a Colorado Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.},
journal = {Neonatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-5},
doi = {10.1159/000508962},
pmid = {32498065},
issn = {1661-7819},
abstract = {IMPORTANCE: The novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) has been well described in adults. Further, the impact on older children and during the perinatal time is becoming better studied. As community spread increases, it is important to recognize that neonates are vulnerable to community spread as well. The impact that community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 has in the neonatal time period is unclear, as this population has unique immunity considerations.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: To report on a case series of SARS-CoV-2 in neonates through community acquisition in the USA.<br><br>DESIGN: This is an early retrospective study of patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) identified as having SAR-CoV-2 through positive real-time polymerase chain reaction assay of nasopharyngeal swabs.<br><br>FINDINGS: Three patients who required admission to the NICU between the ages of 17 and 33 days old were identified. All 3 had ill contacts in the home or had been to the pediatrician and presented with mild to moderate symptoms including fever, rhinorrhea, and hypoxia, requiring supplemental oxygen during their hospital stay. One patient was admitted with neutropenia, and the other 2 patients became neutropenic during hospitalization. None of the patients had meningitis or multiorgan failure.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Infants with community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 may require hospitalization due to rule-out sepsis guidelines if found to have fever and/or hypoxia. Caregivers of neonates should exercise recommended guidelines before contact with neonates to limit community spread of SARS-CoV-2 to this potentially vulnerable population, including isolation, particularly as asymptomatic cases become prevalent.},
}
@article {pmid32498023,
year = {2020},
author = {Deslée, G and Zysman, M and Burgel, PR and Perez, T and Boyer, L and Gonzalez, J and Roche, N and , },
title = {Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the COVID-19 pandemic: Reciprocal challenges.},
journal = {Respiratory medicine and research},
volume = {78},
number = {},
pages = {100764},
doi = {10.1016/j.resmer.2020.100764},
pmid = {32498023},
issn = {2590-0412},
}
@article {pmid32498009,
year = {2020},
author = {Mvumbi, DM},
title = {Mass intake of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in the present context of the Covid-19 outbreak: Possible consequences in endemic malaria settings.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109912},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109912},
pmid = {32498009},
issn = {1532-2777},
}
@article {pmid32498007,
year = {2020},
author = {Unal, G and Turan, B and Balcioglu, YH},
title = {Immunopharmacological management of COVID-19: Potential therapeutic role of valproic acid.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109891},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109891},
pmid = {32498007},
issn = {1532-2777},
}
@article {pmid32497969,
year = {2020},
author = {Elbay, RY and Kurtulmuş, A and Arpacıoğlu, S and Karadere, E},
title = {Depression, anxiety, stress levels of physicians and associated factors in Covid-19 pandemics.},
journal = {Psychiatry research},
volume = {290},
number = {},
pages = {113130},
doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130},
pmid = {32497969},
issn = {1872-7123},
abstract = {AIM: To investigate anxiety, stress, and depression levels of physicians during the Covid-19 outbreak and explored associated factors in both clinical and general site.<br><br>METHODS: An online survey is conducted to asses psychological responses of healthcare workers and related factors during Covid-19 outbreak. It is consisted of three subsections covering the following areas: 1) sociodemographic data 2) information on individuals` working condition 3) Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DAS-21).<br><br>RESULTS: Of all 442 participants, 286 (64.7%) had symptoms of depression, 224 (51.6%) anxiety, and 182 (41.2%) stress. Being female, young, and single, having less work experience, working in frontline were associated with higher scores, whereas having a child was associated with lower scores in each subscale. Factors found to be associated with higher DAS-21 total scores in frontline workers were as follows: increased weekly working hours, increased number of Covid-19 patients cared for, lower level of support from peers and supervisors, lower logistic support, and lower feelings of competence during Covid-19 related tasks.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the factors which need to be taken into consideration to protect the mental wellbeing of doctors while fighting with a disaster that has major impacts on society worldwide.},
}
@article {pmid32497963,
year = {2020},
author = {Iyengar, K and Upadhyaya, GK and Vaishya, R and Jain, V},
title = {COVID-19 and applications of smartphone technology in the current pandemic.},
journal = {Diabetes &amp; metabolic syndrome},
volume = {14},
number = {5},
pages = {733-737},
doi = {10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.033},
pmid = {32497963},
issn = {1878-0334},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: With restrictions on face to face clinical consultations in the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges faced by health care systems in delivering patient care, alternative information technologies like telemedicine and smartphone are playing a key role.<br><br>AIMS: We assess the role and applications of smartphone technology as an extension of telemedicine in provide continuity of care to our patients and surveillance during the current COVID-19 pandemic.<br><br>METHODS: We have done a comprehensive review of the literature using suitable keywords on the search engines of PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Research Gate in the first week of May 2020.<br><br>RESULTS: Through the published literature on this topic, we discuss role, common applications and its support in extended role of telemedicine technology in several aspects of current COVID-19 pandemic.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Smartphone technology on its own and as extension of telemedicine has significant applications in the current COVID-19 pandemic. As the smartphone technology further evolves with fifth generation cellular network expansion, it is going to play a key role in future of health medicine, patient referral, consultation, ergonomics and many other extended applications of health care.},
}
@article {pmid32497914,
year = {2020},
author = {Abdelaziz, HK and Abdelrahman, A and Nabi, A and Debski, M and Mentias, A and Choudhury, T and Patel, B and Saad, M},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from a British cardiac center.},
journal = {American heart journal},
volume = {226},
number = {},
pages = {45-48},
doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.022},
pmid = {32497914},
issn = {1097-6744},
abstract = {The current study aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patient-related delay with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at a tertiary center in the United Kingdom. The study demonstrated a significant delay in symptom-to-first medical contact and a higher cardiac troponin-I level on admission in patients with STEMI during the COVID-19 pandemic versus the pre-COVID era.},
}
@article {pmid32497913,
year = {2020},
author = {Lang, JP and Wang, X and Moura, FA and Siddiqi, HK and Morrow, DA and Bohula, EA},
title = {A current review of COVID-19 for the cardiovascular specialist.},
journal = {American heart journal},
volume = {226},
number = {},
pages = {29-44},
doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.025},
pmid = {32497913},
issn = {1097-6744},
abstract = {Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predominantly disrupts the respiratory system, there is accumulating experience that the disease, particularly in its more severe manifestations, also affects the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular risk factors and chronic cardiovascular conditions are prevalent among patients affected by COVID-19 and associated with adverse outcomes. However, whether pre-existing cardiovascular disease is an independent determinant of higher mortality risk with COVID-19 remains uncertain. Acute cardiac injury, manifest by increased blood levels of cardiac troponin, electrocardiographic abnormalities, or myocardial dysfunction, occurs in up to ~60% of hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. Potential contributors to acute cardiac injury in the setting of COVID-19 include (1) acute changes in myocardial demand and supply due to tachycardia, hypotension, and hypoxemia resulting in type 2 myocardial infarction; (2) acute coronary syndrome due to acute atherothrombosis in a virally induced thrombotic and inflammatory milieu; (3) microvascular dysfunction due to diffuse microthrombi or vascular injury; (4) stress-related cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome); (5) nonischemic myocardial injury due to a hyperinflammatory cytokine storm; or (6) direct viral cardiomyocyte toxicity and myocarditis. Diffuse thrombosis is emerging as an important contributor to adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Practitioners should be vigilant for cardiovascular complications of COVID-19. Monitoring may include serial cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptides, along with fibrinogen, D-dimer, and inflammatory biomarkers. Management decisions should rely on the clinical assessment for the probability of ongoing myocardial ischemia, as well as alternative nonischemic causes of injury, integrating the level of suspicion for COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32497912,
year = {2020},
author = {Franco, F and Alessandro, Z and Carlo, C and Domenico, M and Giampaolo, P and Loris, R and Salvatore, S and Sakis, T and Giovanni, T and Roberto, V and Martina, PM and Dario, G and Sabino, I},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 epidemic on coronary care unit accesses for acute coronary syndrome in Veneto region, Italy.},
journal = {American heart journal},
volume = {226},
number = {},
pages = {26-28},
doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.021},
pmid = {32497912},
issn = {1097-6744},
}
@article {pmid32497911,
year = {2020},
author = {Oren, O and Gersh, BJ and Blumenthal, RS},
title = {Anticipating and curtailing the cardiometabolic toxicity of social isolation and emotional stress in the time of COVID-19.},
journal = {American heart journal},
volume = {226},
number = {},
pages = {1-3},
doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.015},
pmid = {32497911},
issn = {1097-6744},
}
@article {pmid32497867,
year = {2020},
author = {Cervera-Gasch, Á and González-Chordá, VM and Mena-Tudela, D},
title = {COVID-19: Are Spanish medicine and nursing students prepared?.},
journal = {Nurse education today},
volume = {92},
number = {},
pages = {104473},
doi = {10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104473},
pmid = {32497867},
issn = {1532-2793},
}
@article {pmid32497852,
year = {2020},
author = {Yoneoka, Y and Aizawa, N and Nonomura, Y and Ogi, M and Seki, Y and Akiyama, K},
title = {Traumatic non-missile penetrating transnasal anterior skull-base fracture and brain injury with cerebrospinal fluid leak: intraoperative leak detection and an effective reconstruction procedure for a localized skull base defect especially after COVID-19 outbreak.},
journal = {World neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.236},
pmid = {32497852},
issn = {1878-8769},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid leakage in penetrating skull base injury is relatively rare compared to close head injury involving skull base fracture.<br><br>CASE DESCRIPTION: We report a case of a 65-year-old beekeeping man who presented with epistaxis and serous rhinorrhea. When he fell down on the ground near his bee boxes, a garden pole poked into his right nostril. He instantly removed the pole from his nostril by himself. Immediately after the removal of the pole, he developed some nasal bleeding and serous rhinorrhea. He then drove to our emergency room. Computed tomography showed pneumocephalus with minor cerebral contusion in the left frontal lobe, and penetrating injury in the left anterior skull base. His cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage did not resolve spontaneously within one week after the injury under a strict bed rest. We repaired the CSF leakage using a fat (adipose tissue)-on-fascia autograft plug and caulked the defect in the anterior skull base with the fat-on-fascia graft (FFG) plug through the left nostril under endoscopic vision. The CSF rhinorrhea was successfully controlled. Intranasal local application of fluorescein aided in the detection of the flow direction of CSF leakage.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Endonasal endoscopic caulking of a skull base defect using FFG plug is useful for CSF leakage due to localized skull base defect, in particular for the post-COVID-19 era, because it is simple, low-cost, and timesaving: requiring no special skills or no sophisticated instruments, thus reducing infection risks during the surgery. (239 words).},
}
@article {pmid32497812,
year = {2020},
author = {Mizumoto, K and Kagaya, K and Chowell, G},
title = {Effect of the Wet Market on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission dynamics in China, 2019-2020.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.091},
pmid = {32497812},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) originating from Wuhan rapidly spread throughout China. While its origin remains uncertain, accumulating evidence links a wet market for the early SARS-CoV-2 spread in Wuhan. Similarly, the influence of the marketplace on the early transmission dynamics is yet to be investigated.<br><br>METHODS: Using the daily series of COVID-19 incidence stratified according to contact history with the market, we have conducted quantitative modeling analyses to estimate the reproduction numbers (R) for the market-to-human and human-to-human transmission, the reporting probability and the early effects of public health interventions.<br><br>RESULTS: We estimated R at 0.24 (95%CrI: 0.01-1.38) for market-to-human transmission, and 2.37 (95%CrI: 2.08-2.71) for human-to-human transmission during the early spread in China (2019-2020). Moreover, we estimated that the reporting rate for cases stemming from market-to-human transmission was 2-34 fold higher than that for cases stemming from human-to-human transmission, suggesting that contact history with the wet market played a key role in identifying COVID-19 cases.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our R estimate tied to market-to-human transmission has substantial uncertainty, but it was significantly lower compared to the reproduction number driving human-to-human transmission. Our results also suggest that asymptomatic and subclinical infections constitute a substantial component of the COVID-19 morbidity burden.},
}
@article {pmid32497811,
year = {2020},
author = {Edeas, M and Saleh, J and Peyssonnaux, C},
title = {Iron: Innocent bystander or vicious culprit in COVID-19 pathogenesis?.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.110},
pmid = {32497811},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {The coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is viciously spreading through the continents with rapidly increasing mortality rates. Current management of COVID-19 is based on that respiratory failure is the leading cause of mortality. However, mounting evidence link accelerated pathogenesis in gravely ill COVID-19 patients to a hyper-inflammatory state involving a cytokine storm. Several components of the heightened inflammatory state were addressed as therapeutic targets. Another key component of the heightened inflammatory state is hyper-ferritinemia which reportedly identifies patients with increased mortality risk. In spite of its strong association with mortality, it is not yet clear if hyper-ferritinemia in COVID-19 patients is merely a systemic marker of disease progression, or a key modulator in disease pathogenesis. Here we address implications of a possible role for hyper-ferritinemia, and altered iron homeostasis in COVID-19 pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic targets in this regard.},
}
@article {pmid32497810,
year = {2020},
author = {MacIntyre, CR and Chughtai, AA and Seale, H and Dwyer, DE and Quanyi, W},
title = {HUMAN CORONAVIRUS DATA FROM FOUR CLINICAL TRIALS OF MASKS AND RESPIRATORS.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.092},
pmid = {32497810},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {There are few published data on the protection of masks or respirators against coronavirus infections. This is an important research question to inform the response to the COVID-19 epidemic. The transmission modes of human coronaviruses are similar, thought to be by droplet, contact and sometimes airborne routes. There are several randomised clinical trials of masks and respirators, but most used clinical endpoints or tested only for influenza. In four trials which we conducted, we tested for human coronaviruses, but only composite viral endpoints were reported in the trials. We reviewed and analysed the coronavirus data from four of our trials. Laboratory-confirmed coronavirus infections were identified in our community household trial (1 case), health worker trials (8 cases) and trial of mask use by sick patients (19 cases). No coronavirus infections were transmitted in households to parents who wore P2 or surgical masks, but one child with coronavirus infection transmitted infection to a parent in the control arm. No transmissions to close contacts occurred when worn by sick patients with coronavirus infections. There was a higher risk of coronavirus infection in HCWs who wore a mask compared to a respirator, but the difference was not statistically significant. These are the only available data on coronavirus infections associated with mask or respirator use. More clinical trials are needed to assess the efficacy of respiratory protection against coronavirus infections.},
}
@article {pmid32497809,
year = {2020},
author = {Porte, L and Legarraga, P and Vollrath, V and Aguilera, X and Munita, JM and Araos, R and Pizarro, G and Vial, P and Iruretagoyena, M and Dittrich, S and Weitzel, T},
title = {Evaluation of novel antigen-based rapid detection test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.098},
pmid = {32497809},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the development and validation of rapid and easy-to-perform diagnostic methods are of high priority. We evaluated a novel rapid antigen detection test (RDT) for SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples.<br><br>METHODS: The fluorescence immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2 antigen test (Bioeasy Biotechnology Co., Shenzhen, China) was evaluated using universal transport medium with nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs from suspected Covid-19 cases. Diagnostic accuracy was determined in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 real time (RT)-PCR.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 127 samples were included; 82 were RT-PCR positive. Median patients' age was 38 years, 53.5% were male, and 93.7% were from the first week after symptom onset. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% (CI95% 86.5-97.4) and 100% (CI95% 92.1-100), respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 96.1% and Kappa coefficient of 0.9. Sensitivity was significantly higher in samples with high viral loads.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated RDT showed a high sensitivity and specificity in samples mainly obtained during the first week of symptoms and with high viral loads, despite the use of a non-validated sample material. The assay has the potential to become an important tool for early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in situations with limited access to molecular methods.},
}
@article {pmid32497808,
year = {2020},
author = {Shah, AUM and Safri, SNA and Thevadas, R and Noordin, NK and Rahman, AA and Sekawi, Z and Ideris, A and Sultan, MTH},
title = {COVID-19 Outbreak in Malaysia: Actions Taken by the Malaysian Government.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.093},
pmid = {32497808},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {AIM AND BACKGROUND: COVID-19, a novel pneumonia disease originated from Wuhan, was confirmed by World Health Organization on 12th January 2020 before becoming an outbreak in all countries.<br><br>OUTBREAK SITUATION: A stringent screening process in all airports had been enforced after the first case outside China was reported in Thailand. Up to 14th April 2020, Malaysia reported two waves of COVID-19 cases, which the first wave was successfully ended in less than two months. In early March 2020, the second wave arose with worrying situations.<br><br>ACTIONS TAKEN: Malaysia government enforced the Movement Control Order starting from 18th March 2020 to seriously break the chain of COVID-19. Media actively spread the hashtag #stayhome. Non-governmental organizations including prison inmates were the earliest to sew personal protective equipment to frontliners. Various organizations hosted fund raising to provide essentials mainly to hospitals. Provisional hospital was set up, collaborations with healthcare service providers were granted while additional laboratories were assigned in enhancing the proficiency of Ministry of Health.<br><br>ECONOMIC DOWNTURN: Initial financial stimulus amount RM 20.0 billion was released in February 2020 before the highlighted PRIHATIN package, amount RM 250 billion was announced. The PRIHATIN package was an all-inclusive support from the government to society in various backgrounds from students, families to business owners.},
}
@article {pmid32497806,
year = {2020},
author = {Ming, DK and Sorawat, S and Chanh, HQ and Nhat, PTH and Yacoub, S and Georgiou, P and Holmes, AH},
title = {Continuous physiological monitoring using wearable technology to inform individual management of infectious diseases, public health and outbreak responses.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.086},
pmid = {32497806},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {Optimal management of infectious diseases is guided by up-to-date information at the individual and public health level. For infections of global importance including emerging pandemics such as COVID-19 or prevalent endemic diseases such like dengue, identifying patients at risk of severe disease and clinical deterioration can be challenging given the majority present with a mild illness. In our article, we describe the use of wearable technology for continuous physiological monitoring in healthcare. Deployment of wearables in hospital settings for the management of infectious diseases, or in the community to support syndromic surveillance during outbreaks could provide significant, cost effective advantages and improve healthcare delivery. We highlight a range of promising technologies employed by wearable devices and discuss the technical and ethical issues relating to implementation in the clinic, with specific focus on low- and middle- income countries. Finally, we propose a set of essential criteria for the roll-out of wearable technology for clinical use.},
}
@article {pmid32497799,
year = {2020},
author = {Kenyon, C},
title = {The prominence of asymptomatic superspreaders in transmission mean universal face masking should be part of COVID-19 de-escalation strategies.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.102},
pmid = {32497799},
issn = {1878-3511},
}
@article {pmid32497798,
year = {2020},
author = {Luo, S and Guo, Y and Zhang, X and Xu, H},
title = {A Follow-up Study of Recovered Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.119},
pmid = {32497798},
issn = {1878-3511},
}
@article {pmid32497796,
year = {2020},
author = {Papamichalis, P and Papadogoulas, A and Katsiafylloudis, P and Skoura, AL and Papamichalis, M and Neou, E and Papadopoulos, D and Karagiannis, S and Zafeiridis, T and Babalis, D and Komnos, A},
title = {Combination of thrombolytic and immunosuppressive therapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A case report.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.118},
pmid = {32497796},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {In a proportion of patients Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a multi-systematic syndrome characterized by hyperinflammation, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and hypercoagulability. A 68-year-old man with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented in our Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with respiratory failure, Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and skin ischemia - microthrombosis. Specific coagulation and inflammatory markers (D-dimer, ferritin and C-reactive protein) along with the clinical picture triggered the trial of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and Tocilizumab. This was followed by resolution of skin ischemia and CRS while respiratory parameters improved. No major complications associated with rt-PA or Tocilizumab occurred. Combination of rt-PA with targeted anti-inflammatory treatment could be a new therapeutic option for patients with COVID-19, ARDS, hyperinflammation and increased blood viscosity.},
}
@article {pmid32497794,
year = {2020},
author = {Buonsenso, D and Cinicola, B and Raffaelli, F and Sollena, P and Iodice, F},
title = {Social consequences of COVID-19 in a low resource setting in Sierra Leone, West Africa.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.104},
pmid = {32497794},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {Economical and psychological consequences of the lockdown in low-resource setting in rural Africa are unknown. We drafted a survey in order to address the social impact of COVID-19 lockdown on a rural village in Sierra Leone. The survey developed by the study group and translated in the local language, distributed to the householders of the village on April 13th and responses collected on April 14th, when Sierra Leone was on day 11 of lockdown. The questions aimed to assess in the community the following items: age group, main activities before lockdown, change in income and ability to feed the family during lockdown, anxiety during lockdown. 78 householders (100% of Bureh Town) replied. All, expect one, declared a 51-80% (19.2%) to 81-100% (79.4%) reduction of weekly income compared with the pre-lockdown period, declaring difficulties in providing food for the family members (82%), and anxiety (60%). Our analyses showed that people lost their jobs and have difficulties in providing food for their families.},
}
@article {pmid32497778,
year = {2020},
author = {Ray, PR and Wangzhou, A and Ghneim, N and Yousuf, MS and Paige, C and Tavares-Ferreira, D and Mwirigi, JM and Shiers, S and Sankaranarayanan, I and McFarland, AJ and Neerukonda, SV and Davidson, S and Dussor, G and Burton, MD and Price, TJ},
title = {A pharmacological interactome between COVID-19 patient samples and human sensory neurons reveals potential drivers of neurogenic pulmonary dysfunction.},
journal = {Brain, behavior, and immunity},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.078},
pmid = {32497778},
issn = {1090-2139},
abstract = {The SARS-CoV-2 virus infects cells of the airway and lungs in humans causing the disease COVID-19. This disease is characterized by cough, shortness of breath, and in severe cases causes pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which can be fatal. Bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma from mild and severe cases of COVID-19 have been profiled using protein measurements and bulk and single cell RNA sequencing. Onset of pneumonia and ARDS can be rapid in COVID-19, suggesting a potential neuronal involvement in pathology and mortality. We hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 infection drives changes in immune cell-derived factors that then interact with receptors expressed by the sensory neuronal innervation of the lung to further promote important aspects of disease severity, including ARDS. We sought to quantify how immune cells might interact with sensory innervation of the lung in COVID-19 using published data from patients, existing RNA sequencing datasets from human dorsal root ganglion neurons and other sources, and a genome-wide ligand-receptor pair database curated for pharmacological interactions relevant for neuro-immune interactions. Our findings reveal a landscape of ligand-receptor interactions in the lung caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and point to potential interventions to reduce the burden of neurogenic inflammation in COVID-19 pulmonary disease. In particular, our work highlights opportunities for clinical trials with existing or under development rheumatoid arthritis and other (e.g. CCL2, CCR5 or EGFR inhibitors) drugs to treat high risk or severe COVID-19 cases.},
}
@article {pmid32497776,
year = {2020},
author = {Lassale, C and Gaye, B and Hamer, M and Gale, CR and David Batty, G},
title = {Ethnic Disparities in Hospitalisation for COVID-19 in England: The Role of Socioeconomic Factors, Mental Health, and Inflammatory and Pro-inflammatory Factors in a Community-based Cohort Study.},
journal = {Brain, behavior, and immunity},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.074},
pmid = {32497776},
issn = {1090-2139},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Differentials in COVID-19 hospitalisations and mortality according to ethnicity have been reported but their origin is uncertain. We examined the role of socioeconomic, mental health, and pro-inflammatory factors in a community-based sample.<br><br>METHODS: We used data on 340,966 men and women (mean age 56.2 years) from the UK Biobank study, a prospective cohort study with linkage to hospitalisation for COVID-19. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between ethnicity and hospitalisation for COVID-19.<br><br>RESULTS: There were 640 COVID-19 cases (571/324,306 White, 31/4,485 Black, 21/5,732 Asian, 17/5,803 Other). Compared to the White study members and after adjusting for age and sex, Black individuals had over a 4-fold increased risk of COVID-19 infection (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 4.32; 3.00-6.23), and there was a doubling of risk in the Asian group (2.12; 1.37, 3.28) and the 'other' non-white group (1.84; 1.13, 2.99). After controlling for potential explanatory factors which included neighbourhood deprivation, household crowding, smoking, body size, inflammation, glycated haemoglobin, and mental illness, these effect estimates were attenuated by 33% for Blacks, 52% for Asians and 43% for Other, but remained raised for Blacks (2.66; 1.82, 3.91), Asian (1.43; 0.91, 2.26) and other non-white groups (1.41; 0.87, 2.31).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: There were clear ethnic differences in risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and these do not appear to be fully explained by measured factors. If replicated, our results have implications for health policy, including the targeting of prevention advice and vaccination coverage.},
}
@article {pmid32497768,
year = {2020},
author = {De Filippis, G and Cavazzana, L and Errico, M and Olivieri, P and Parravicini, E and Curci, R and De Murtas, G and Gimigliano, A and Carnevali, D and Letzgus, M and Visconti, A and Castaldi, S and Auxilia, F},
title = {After the COVID 19 outbreak in Italy: What have we learnt?.},
journal = {Travel medicine and infectious disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101761},
doi = {10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101761},
pmid = {32497768},
issn = {1873-0442},
}
@article {pmid32497766,
year = {2020},
author = {Merry, SP and Havyer, RD and McCoy, RG and Elrashidi, MY and Fischer, PR},
title = {How can physicians advise faith communities during the COVID-19 pandemic?.},
journal = {Travel medicine and infectious disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101762},
doi = {10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101762},
pmid = {32497766},
issn = {1873-0442},
}
@article {pmid32497751,
year = {2020},
author = {Anwar, SL and Harahap, WA and Aryandono, T},
title = {Perspectives on how to navigate cancer surgery in the breast, head and neck, skin, and soft tissue tumor in limited-resource countries during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {International journal of surgery (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.072},
pmid = {32497751},
issn = {1743-9159},
abstract = {The rapidly spreading coronavirus infection (COVID-19) worldwide has contracted all aspects of health systems. Developing countries that mostly have a weaker healthcare system and insufficient resources are likely to be the most hardly affected by the pandemic. Cancers are frequently diagnosed in late stages with higher case-fatality rates compared to those in high-income countries. Delayed diagnosis, lack of cancer awareness, low adherence to treatment, and inequal or limited access to treatment are among the challenging factors of cancer management in developing countries. Elective cancer surgeries are often considered to be postponed during COVID-19 pandemic to preserve valuable hospital resources such as personal protection equipment, hospital bed, intensive care unit capacity, and manpower to screen and treat the affected individuals. However, specific considerations to defer cancer surgery in developing countries might need to be carefully adjusted to counterbalance between preventing COVID-19 transmission and preserving patients 'long-term life expectancy and quality of life.},
}
@article {pmid32497750,
year = {2020},
author = {Patelis, N and Bisdas, T and Tsiachris, D and Stefanadis, CI},
title = {The role of vascular surgeons in the treatment of COVID-19-associated pulmonary embolism.},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.050},
pmid = {32497750},
issn = {1097-6809},
}
@article {pmid32497749,
year = {2020},
author = {Nevzorov, I and Tulamo, R and Albäck, A and Lassila, R},
title = {COVID-19 and SIC (!).},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.047},
pmid = {32497749},
issn = {1097-6809},
}
@article {pmid32497748,
year = {2020},
author = {Baccellieri, D and Bilman, V and Ardita, V and Loschi, D and Melissano, G and Chiesa, R},
title = {Accidental vertebral artery injury in a COVID-19 patient.},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.051},
pmid = {32497748},
issn = {1097-6809},
}
@article {pmid32497747,
year = {2020},
author = {Ohman, JW and Annest, SJ and Azizzadeh, A and Burt, BM and Caputo, FJ and Chan, C and Donahue, DM and Freischlag, JA and Gelabert, HA and Humphries, MD and Illig, KA and Lee, JT and Lum, YW and Meyer, RD and Pearl, GJ and Ransom, EF and Sanders, RJ and Teijink, JAW and Vaccaro, PS and van Sambeek, MRHM and Vemuri, C and Thompson, RW},
title = {Special Communication: Evaluation and Treatment of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome During the Global Pandemic Due to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.048},
pmid = {32497747},
issn = {1097-6809},
abstract = {The global SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has required a reduction in non-emergency treatment for a variety of disorders. This report summarizes conclusions of an international multidisciplinary consensus group assembled to address evaluation and treatment of patients with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), a group of conditions characterized by extrinsic compression of the neurovascular structures serving the upper extremity. The following recommendations were developed in relation to the 3 defined types of TOS (neurogenic, venous, and arterial) and 3 phases of pandemic response (preparatory, urgent with limited resources, and emergency with complete diversion of resources): (1) In-person evaluation and treatment for neurogenic TOS (interventional or surgical) is generally postponed during all pandemic phases, with telephone/telemedicine visits and at-home physical therapy exercises recommended when feasible. (2) Venous TOS presenting with acute upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (Paget-Schroetter syndrome) is managed primarily with anticoagulation, with percutaneous interventions for venous TOS (thrombolysis) considered in early phases (I and II) and surgical treatment delayed until pandemic conditions resolve. Catheter-based interventions may also be considered for selected patients with central subclavian vein obstruction and threatened hemodialysis access in all pandemic phases, with definitive surgical treatment postponed. (3) Evaluation and surgical treatment for arterial TOS should be reserved for limb-threatening situations, such as acute upper extremity ischemia or acute digital embolization, in all phases of pandemic response. In late pandemic phases surgery should be restricted to thrombolysis or brachial artery thromboembolectomy, with more definitive treatment delayed until pandemic conditions resolve.},
}
@article {pmid32497746,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, J and Kuang, M and Chen, L and Lian, C and Zhao, L and Wang, S},
title = {Strategy for treating vascular emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.049},
pmid = {32497746},
issn = {1097-6809},
abstract = {Coronavirus-caused pneumonia (COVID-19) broke out in Dec 2019. The virus soon proved to be extremely contagious and caused an international pandemic. Clinicians treating COVID-19 patients face considerable danger of occupational exposure due to the highly infectious nature of the virus and precautions must be taken to prevent medical staff infections. This article lists important measures that may save the lives of patients and medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic and help to stop the transmission of COVID-19 on hospital grounds. The suggestions include: 1. Establishing detailed Infection Control and Prevention Protocols in the operating room; 2. Expediting testing procedures and patient screening for COVID-19; 3. Utilizing case-specific treatment planning for vascular patients with COVID-19, favoring minimally invasive methods; 4. Establishing and reinforcing protective awareness within medical personnel.},
}
@article {pmid32497745,
year = {2020},
author = {Marco, M and Valentina, I and Laura, G and Roberto, G and Luigi, U},
title = {Management of diabetic persons with foot ulceration during COVID-19 health care emergency: effectiveness of a new triage pathway.},
journal = {Diabetes research and clinical practice},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {108245},
doi = {10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108245},
pmid = {32497745},
issn = {1872-8227},
abstract = {AIM: To define the outcomes of persons with diabetes and foot ulcers (DFUs) managed through a specific triage pathway during the COVID-19 crisis.<br><br>METHODS: Patients who had an active DFU during the COVID-19 emergency were included. All participants were managed using a specific triage system driven both by ulcer'severity and concomitant co-diseases. Subjects with severely complicated DFUs were urgently referred to hospital regardless of the concomitant comorbidities. Subjects with complicated DFUs received outpatient evaluation (within 48-72 hours) and were admitted to hospital if required (revascularization, surgical intervention, intravenous antibiotic therapy); after the first outpatient visit or hospitalization, patients were followed according to the number of comorbidities (in the case of 3 or more comorbidities patiente were followed up by telemedicine). Patients with uncomplicated DFUs were managed by telemedicine after outpatient evaluation. Healing, major amputation, death and rate of COVID-19 infection were evaluated. The minimum follow-up was 1 month.<br><br>RESULTS: The study group included 151 patients. The mean age was 69.9±14.2 years, 58.9% were male and 91.4% had type 2 diabetes; 58.7% had severely complicated, 21% complicated and 20.3% uncomplicated DFUs. Among those, 78.8% presented with 3 or more comorbidities. One hundred and six patients had regular clinical follow-ups, while 45 were managed through telemedicine. Forty-one (27.1%) patients healed, 3 (1.9%) had major amputations and 3 (1.9%) died. One patient (0.6%) reported COVID-19 positivity due to infection aquired at home.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The triage pathway adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic showed adequate management of DFUs and no cases of hospital virus exposure.},
}
@article {pmid32497706,
year = {2020},
author = {Kim, RH and Brinster, NK and Meehan, SA},
title = {Dermatopathology Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Virtual Simulation of the Multi-Headed Microscope.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.127},
pmid = {32497706},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497704,
year = {2020},
author = {Fernandez-Nieto, D and Jimenez-Cauhe, J and Suarez-Valle, A and Moreno-Arrones, OM and Saceda-Corralo, D and Arana-Raja, A and Ortega-Quijano, D},
title = {Comment on: &quot;Characterization of acute acro-ischemic lesions in non-hospitalized patients: a case series of 132 patients during the COVID-19 outbreak&quot;.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.120},
pmid = {32497704},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497703,
year = {2020},
author = {Simpson, CL and Kovarik, CL},
title = {Effectively Engaging Geriatric Patients via Teledermatology.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.118},
pmid = {32497703},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497702,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, Y and Wen, J and Chen, C and Zeng, L and Yang, L and Huang, C and Feng, A and Miao, X and Alamgir, M and Rao, B and Li, Y and Tao, J},
title = {Challenges and countermeasures in the prevention of nosocomial infections of SARS-CoV-2 before resumption of work: implications for the dermatology department.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.131},
pmid = {32497702},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497698,
year = {2020},
author = {Ruggiero, G and Arcangeli, F and Lotti, T and Ametrano, O and Ruggiero, C and Cucchiara, S and Oliva, S},
title = {Reply to: &quot;Characterization of acute acro-ischemic lesions in non-hospitalized patients: a case series of 132 patients during the COVID-19 outbreak&quot;.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.122},
pmid = {32497698},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497696,
year = {2020},
author = {Mufti, A and Maliyar, K and Sachdeva, M and Doiron, P},
title = {Modifications to Dermatology Residency Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.106},
pmid = {32497696},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497691,
year = {2020},
author = {Wu, AG and Lipner, SR},
title = {A Potential Hidden Reservoir: The Role of Nail Hygiene in Preventing Transmission of COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.119},
pmid = {32497691},
issn = {1097-6787},
}
@article {pmid32497662,
year = {2020},
author = {Oreskovic, NM and Kinane, TB and Aryee, E and Kuhlthau, KA and Perrin, JM},
title = {The Unexpected Risks of COVID-19 on Asthma Control in Children.},
journal = {The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.027},
pmid = {32497662},
issn = {2213-2201},
abstract = {Much is being learned about clinical outcomes for adult COVID-19 patients with underlying chronic conditions, however, there is less coverage on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the management of chronic medical conditions in children and youth, such as asthma. Asthma is a common chronic medical condition in children that is uniquely susceptible to changes brought upon by COVID-19. Sudden dramatic changes in the environment, medical practice, and medication use have altered the asthma management landscape with potential impacts on asthma outcomes. In this paper, we review how changes in transportation and travel patterns, school attendance, physical activity, and time spent indoors, along with changes in healthcare delivery since the start of the pandemic all play a contributing role in asthma control in children. We review potentially important influences of asthma control in children during the COVID-19 pandemic worthy of further study.},
}
@article {pmid32497651,
year = {2020},
author = {Harding, H and Broom, A and Broom, J},
title = {Aerosol generating procedures and infective risk to healthcare workers: SARS-CoV-2 - the limits of the evidence.},
journal = {The Journal of hospital infection},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhin.2020.05.037},
pmid = {32497651},
issn = {1532-2939},
abstract = {The transmission behaviour of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still being defined. It is likely that it is transmitted predominantly by droplets and direct contact and it is possible that there is at least opportunistic airborne transmission. In order to protect healthcare staff adequately is necessary that we establish whether aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) increase the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Where we do not have evidence relating to SARS-CoV-2, guidelines for safely conducting these procedures should consider what risk procedures would have of transmitting related pathogens. Currently there is very little evidence detailing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 associated with any specific procedures. Regarding aerosol generating procedures and respiratory pathogens in general, there is still a large knowledge gap that will leave clinicians unsure what risk they are putting themselves in when offering these procedures. This review aimed to summarise the evidence (and gaps in evidence) around AGPs and SARS-CoV-2.},
}
@article {pmid32497642,
year = {2020},
author = {Fuller, S and Vaporciyan, A and Dearani, JA and Stulak, JM and Romano, JC},
title = {COVID-19 Disruption in Cardiothoracic Surgical Training: An Opportunity to Enhance Education.},
journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.015},
pmid = {32497642},
issn = {1552-6259},
}
@article {pmid32497637,
year = {2020},
author = {Ferm, S and Fisher, C and Pakala, T and Tong, M and Shah, D and Schwarzbaum, D and Cooley, V and Hussain, S and Kim, SH},
title = {Analysis of Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 892 patients in Queens, NY.},
journal = {Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cgh.2020.05.049},
pmid = {32497637},
issn = {1542-7714},
}
@article {pmid32497632,
year = {2020},
author = {Pandey, A and Nikam, AN and Shreya, AB and Mutalik, SP and Gopalan, D and Kulkarni, S and Padya, BS and Fernandes, G and Mutalik, S and Prassl, R},
title = {Potential therapeutic targets for combating SARS-CoV-2: Drug repurposing, clinical trials and recent advancements.},
journal = {Life sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {117883},
doi = {10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117883},
pmid = {32497632},
issn = {1879-0631},
abstract = {The present pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has been a tough task for the whole world to deal with. With the absence of specific drugs or vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the situation is very difficult to control. Apart from the absence of specific therapies, the lack of knowledge about potential therapeutic targets and individual perception is adding to the complications. The present review describes the novel SARS-CoV-2 structure, surface proteins, asymptomatic and symptomatic transmission in addition to the genotype and phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 along with genetic strains and similarity between SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2. Therapeutic strategies such as inhibition of the endocytic pathway and suppressing RNA polymerase activity by metal ions, which could be quite beneficial for controlling COVID-19, are outlined. The drug repurposing for SARS-CoV-2 is discussed in detail along with therapeutic classes such as antivirals, antibiotics, and amino quinolones and their probable role in suppressing SARS-CoV-2 with reference to case studies. The ongoing clinical trials both with respect to drug repurposing and vaccines are summarized along with a brief description. The recent advancements and future perspective of ongoing research for therapy and detection of SARS-CoV-2 are provided. The review, in brief, summarizes epidemiology, therapy and the current scenario for combating SARS-CoV-2.},
}
@article {pmid32497628,
year = {2020},
author = {Porres-Aguilar, M and Ayala, A and Mukherjee, D and Tapson, VF},
title = {Pulmonary embolism response teams in the challenging era of venous thromboembolism associated with COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.04.032},
pmid = {32497628},
issn = {2213-3348},
}
@article {pmid32497623,
year = {2020},
author = {Xue, L and Jing, S and Miller, JC and Sun, W and Li, H and Estrada-Franco, JG and Hyman, JM and Zhu, H},
title = {A data-driven network model for the emerging COVID-19 epidemics in Wuhan, Toronto and Italy.},
journal = {Mathematical biosciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {108391},
doi = {10.1016/j.mbs.2020.108391},
pmid = {32497623},
issn = {1879-3134},
abstract = {The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens the health of humans and causes great economic losses. Predictive modelling and forecasting the epidemic trends are essential for developing countermeasures to mitigate this pandemic. We develop a network model, where each node represents an individual and the edges represent contacts between individuals where the infection can spread. The individuals are classified based on the number of contacts they have each day (their node degrees) and their infection status. The transmission network model was respectively fitted to the reported data for the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan (China), Toronto (Canada), and the Italian Republic using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) optimization algorithm. Our model fits all three regions well with narrow confidence intervals and could be adapted to simulate other megacities or regions. The model projections on the role of containment strategies can help inform public health authorities to plan control measures.},
}
@article {pmid32497546,
year = {2020},
author = {Somekh, I and Somech, R and Pettoello-Mantovani, M and Somekh, E},
title = {Changes in Routine Pediatric Practice in Light of COVID-19.},
journal = {The Journal of pediatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.053},
pmid = {32497546},
issn = {1097-6833},
}
@article {pmid32497535,
year = {2020},
author = {Dalamaga, M and Karampela, I and Mantzoros, CS},
title = {Commentary: Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as potential adjunct treatment targeting the cytokine storm in COVID-19.},
journal = {Metabolism: clinical and experimental},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {154282},
doi = {10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154282},
pmid = {32497535},
issn = {1532-8600},
abstract = {The most severe presentation of COVID-19 is characterized by a hyperinflammatory state attributed to the massive pro-inflammatory cytokine release, called &quot;cytokine storm&quot;. Several specific anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive agents are being evaluated by ongoing clinical trials; however, there is currently insufficient evidence for their efficacy and safety in COVID-19 treatment. Given the role of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE) 4 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the inflammatory response, we hypothesize that selective PDE4 inhibition may attenuate the cytokine storm in COVID-19, through the upstream inhibition of pro-inflammatory molecules, particularly TNF-α, and the regulation of the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance. Conversely, other anti-cytokine agents lead to the downstream inhibition of specific targets, such as IL-1, IL-6 or TNF-α, and may not be efficient in blocking the cytokine storm, once it has been triggered. Due to their mechanism of action targeting an early stage of the inflammatory response and ameliorating lung inflammation, we believe that selective PDE4 inhibitors may represent a promising treatment option for the early phase of COVID-19 pneumonia before the cytokine storm and severe multiorgan dysfunction take place. Furthermore, PDE4 inhibitors present several advantages including an excellent safety profile; the oral route of administration; the convenient dosing; and beneficial metabolic properties. Interestingly, obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2 have been reported to be risk factors for the severity of COVID-19. Therefore, randomized clinical trials of PDE4 inhibitors are necessary to explore their potential therapeutic effect as an adjunct to supportive measures and other therapeutic regiments.},
}
@article {pmid32497522,
year = {2020},
author = {Subbarao, K and Mahanty, S},
title = {Respiratory Virus Infections: Understanding COVID-19.},
journal = {Immunity},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.004},
pmid = {32497522},
issn = {1097-4180},
abstract = {Respiratory viruses affect us throughout our lives, from infancy to old age, causing illnesses ranging from a common cold to severe pneumonia. They belong to several virus families, and although many features of infection with these diverse viruses are shared, some have unique characteristics. Here we explain what happens when we are infected by respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32497521,
year = {2020},
author = {Wolfler, A and Mannarino, S and Giacomet, V and Camporesi, A and Zuccotti, G},
title = {Acute myocardial injury: a novel clinical pattern in children with COVID-19.},
journal = {The Lancet. Child &amp; adolescent health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30168-1},
pmid = {32497521},
issn = {2352-4650},
}
@article {pmid32497511,
year = {2020},
author = {MacIntyre, CR and Wang, Q},
title = {Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection for prevention of COVID-19.},
journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31183-1},
pmid = {32497511},
issn = {1474-547X},
}
@article {pmid32497510,
year = {2020},
author = {Chu, DK and Akl, EA and Duda, S and Solo, K and Yaacoub, S and Schünemann, HJ and , },
title = {Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31142-9},
pmid = {32497510},
issn = {1474-547X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19 and is spread person-to-person through close contact. We aimed to investigate the effects of physical distance, face masks, and eye protection on virus transmission in health-care and non-health-care (eg, community) settings.<br><br>METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the optimum distance for avoiding person-to-person virus transmission and to assess the use of face masks and eye protection to prevent transmission of viruses. We obtained data for SARS-CoV-2 and the betacoronaviruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome, and Middle East respiratory syndrome from 21 standard WHO-specific and COVID-19-specific sources. We searched these data sources from database inception to May 3, 2020, with no restriction by language, for comparative studies and for contextual factors of acceptability, feasibility, resource use, and equity. We screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias in duplicate. We did frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses and random-effects meta-regressions. We rated the certainty of evidence according to Cochrane methods and the GRADE approach. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020177047.<br><br>FINDINGS: Our search identified 172 observational studies across 16 countries and six continents, with no randomised controlled trials and 44 relevant comparative studies in health-care and non-health-care settings (n=25 697 patients). Transmission of viruses was lower with physical distancing of 1 m or more, compared with a distance of less than 1 m (n=10 736, pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0·18, 95% CI 0·09 to 0·38; risk difference [RD] -10·2%, 95% CI -11·5 to -7·5; moderate certainty); protection was increased as distance was lengthened (change in relative risk [RR] 2·02 per m; pinteraction=0·041; moderate certainty). Face mask use could result in a large reduction in risk of infection (n=2647; aOR 0·15, 95% CI 0·07 to 0·34, RD -14·3%, -15·9 to -10·7; low certainty), with stronger associations with N95 or similar respirators compared with disposable surgical masks or similar (eg, reusable 12-16-layer cotton masks; pinteraction=0·090; posterior probability >95%, low certainty). Eye protection also was associated with less infection (n=3713; aOR 0·22, 95% CI 0·12 to 0·39, RD -10·6%, 95% CI -12·5 to -7·7; low certainty). Unadjusted studies and subgroup and sensitivity analyses showed similar findings.<br><br>INTERPRETATION: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis support physical distancing of 1 m or more and provide quantitative estimates for models and contact tracing to inform policy. Optimum use of face masks, respirators, and eye protection in public and health-care settings should be informed by these findings and contextual factors. Robust randomised trials are needed to better inform the evidence for these interventions, but this systematic appraisal of currently best available evidence might inform interim guidance.<br><br>FUNDING: World Health Organization.},
}
@article {pmid32497509,
year = {2020},
author = {Chan, EYY and Gobat, N and Kim, JH and Newnham, EA and Huang, Z and Hung, H and Dubois, C and Hung, KKC and Wong, ELY and Wong, SYS},
title = {Informal home care providers: the forgotten health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31254-X},
pmid = {32497509},
issn = {1474-547X},
}
@article {pmid32497494,
year = {2020},
author = {Mossa-Basha, M and Linnau, KF and Sahani, DV},
title = {Radiology Department Preparedness in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 COVID-19 Postshutdown Environment.},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jacr.2020.05.017},
pmid = {32497494},
issn = {1558-349X},
}
@article {pmid32497493,
year = {2020},
author = {Khan, M and Shanks, S},
title = {Decolonising COVID-19: delaying external debt repayments.},
journal = {The Lancet. Global health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30253-9},
pmid = {32497493},
issn = {2214-109X},
}
@article {pmid32497467,
year = {2020},
author = {Behrens, LL and Naylor, MD},
title = {&quot;We are Alone in This Battle&quot;: A Framework for a Coordinated Response to COVID-19 in Nursing Homes.},
journal = {Journal of aging &amp; social policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1080/08959420.2020.1773190},
pmid = {32497467},
issn = {1545-0821},
abstract = {As of May 2020, nursing home residents account for a staggering one-third of the more than 80,000 deaths due to COVID-19 in the U.S. This pandemic has resulted in unprecedented threats to achieving and sustaining care quality even in the best nursing homes, requiring active engagement of nursing home leaders in developing solutions responsive to the unprecedented threats to quality standards of care delivery during the pandemic. This perspective offers a framework, designed with the input of nursing home leaders, to facilitate internal and external decision-making and collective action to address these threats. Policy options focus on assuring a shared understanding among nursing home leaders and government agencies of changes in the operational status of nursing homes throughout the crisis, improving access to additional essential resources needed to mitigate the crisis' impact, and promoting shared accountability for consistently achieving accepted standards in core quality domains.},
}
@article {pmid32497462,
year = {2020},
author = {Comas-Herrera, A and Fernandez, JL and Hancock, R and Hatton, C and Knapp, M and McDaid, D and Malley, J and Wistow, G and Wittenberg, R},
title = {COVID-19: Implications for the Support of People with Social Care Needs in England.},
journal = {Journal of aging &amp; social policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-8},
doi = {10.1080/08959420.2020.1759759},
pmid = {32497462},
issn = {1545-0821},
abstract = {This perspective examines the challenge posed by COVID-19 for social care services in England and describes responses to this challenge. People with social care needs experience increased risks of death and deteriorating physical and mental health with COVID-19. Social isolation introduced to reduce COVID-19 transmission may adversely affect well-being. While the need for social care rises, the ability of families and social care staff to provide support is reduced by illness and quarantine, implying reductions in staffing levels. Consequently, COVID-19 could seriously threaten care availability and quality. The government has sought volunteers to work in health and social care to help address the threat posed by staff shortages at a time of rising need, and the call has achieved an excellent response. The government has also removed some barriers to effective coordination between health and social care, while introducing measures to promote the financial viability of care providers. The pandemic presents unprecedented challenges that require well-co-coordinated responses across central and local government, health services, and non-government sectors.},
}
@article {pmid32497459,
year = {2020},
author = {Karnik-Henry, MS},
title = {Acidified Sodium Chlorite Solution: A Potential Prophylaxis to Mitigate Impact of Multiple Exposures to COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Providers.},
journal = {Hospital practice (1995)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1080/21548331.2020.1778908},
pmid = {32497459},
issn = {2154-8331},
abstract = {Limited availability of personal protective equipment is endangering first-line healthcare providers treating patients with presumed or confirmed COVID-19 infections. This editorial has multiple objectives in regard to this reality: First, to raise awareness of the need for safe and effective prophylaxis to protect health care providers with insufficient personal protective equipment from repeated exposures to COVID-19. Second, to summarize the scientific evidence in support of solutions of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) and its daughter compounds, chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide as potential targets for said prophylactic use. Third, to propose a regimented protocol using commercially available solutions of ASC having sufficient concentrations of chlorine dioxide for virucidal activity to support safe and effective prophylactic use. And fourth, to raise awareness of, and compare, other potential prophylactic options currently under investigation.},
}
@article {pmid32497451,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, Y and Wei, L and Li, H and Pan, Y and Wang, J and Li, Q and Wu, Q and Wei, H},
title = {The Psychological Change Process of Frontline Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19 during Its Outbreak.},
journal = {Issues in mental health nursing},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-6},
doi = {10.1080/01612840.2020.1752865},
pmid = {32497451},
issn = {1096-4673},
abstract = {Aim: To identify the psychological change process of the registered nurses who worked in the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak.Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 has continued to pose an unprecedented threat and challenge to people's health around the world. Nurses are at high risk because they work within the closest proximity to patients. Understanding nurses' psychological change process during the care for patients with COVID-19 is imperative for healthcare leaders.Methods: This was a qualitative descriptive study that took place in a hospital in Wuhan, China, the epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic, from February 9th to March 15th, 2020. Using purposive sampling, we interviewed 23 nurses. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method of data analysis to find, understand, and describe nurses' experiences.Results: The psychological change process of frontline nurses included three stages, early, middle, and later stages. The psychological characteristics of each period were ambivalence, emotional exhaustion, and energy renewal, respectively. Nurse leaders were anchors in facilitating frontline nurses' psychological adaptation.Conclusions: In the past month, the psychological characteristics of nurses changed over time. The study indicated the necessity for nurse leaders to implement intervention programs based on nurses' psychological characteristics in different periods to promote nurses' health during this critical time period.},
}
@article {pmid32497443,
year = {2020},
author = {Watson, C and Mullen, L},
title = {Risk-Informed Decision Making: More Critical Today Than Ever Before.},
journal = {Health security},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1089/hs.2020.0079},
pmid = {32497443},
issn = {2326-5108},
}
@article {pmid32497413,
year = {2020},
author = {Moorhead, S and Macieira, TGR and Lopez, KD and Mantovani, VM and Swanson, E and Wagner, C and Abe, N},
title = {NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC Linkages to SARS-Cov-2 (Covid-19): Part 1. Community Response.},
journal = {International journal of nursing knowledge},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/2047-3095.12291},
pmid = {32497413},
issn = {2047-3095},
abstract = {PURPOSE: We developed linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies, NANDA International (NANDA-I) nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), to present initial guidance for the development of care plans focused on COVID-19 for nurses practicing in community or public health roles.<br><br>METHODS: Seven nurse experts identified the linkages of NANDA-I, NOC and NIC for our work related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A model was developed to guide the project. The first step in creating linkages focused on the identification of nursing diagnoses. Then, for each nursing diagnosis, outcomes aligned with all components of the diagnosis were categorized and a list of nursing interventions was selected. The experts used their clinical judgment to make final decisions on the linkages selected in this study.<br><br>FINDINGS: Two community level nursing diagnoses were identified as key problems appropriate for a pandemic related to COVID-19: Deficient Community Health and Ineffective Community Coping. For the nursing diagnosis Deficient Community Health, eight nursing outcomes and 12 nursing interventions were selected. In comparison for the nursing diagnosis, Ineffective Community Coping, nine nursing outcomes and 18 nursing interventions were identified. A total of40 concepts were identified for future development across the three classifications.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The nursing diagnoses, outcomes and interventions selected during this linkage process provide knowledge to support the community challenged with responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, provide the opportunity to quantify the impact of nursing care, and enhance nursing practice by promoting the use of three standardized terminologies.<br><br>NANDA-I, NOC and NIC linkages identified in this manuscript provide resources to support clinical decisions and care plan development for nurses practicing in the community.},
}
@article {pmid32497399,
year = {2020},
author = {Kwon, R and Zhang, ML and VandenBussche, CJ},
title = {Considerations for remote learning in pathology during COVID-19 social distancing.},
journal = {Cancer cytopathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cncy.22289},
pmid = {32497399},
issn = {1934-6638},
}
@article {pmid32497397,
year = {2020},
author = {Mariño-Sánchez, F and Santamaría, A and de Los Santos, G and Alobid, I and Mullol, J},
title = {Psychophysical olfactory testing in COVID-19: is smell function really impaired in nearly all patients?.},
journal = {International forum of allergy &amp; rhinology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/alr.22639},
pmid = {32497397},
issn = {2042-6984},
}
@article {pmid32497386,
year = {2020},
author = {Gulia, KK and Kumar, VM},
title = {Reverse quarantine: Management of COVID-19 by Kerala with its higher number of aged population.},
journal = {Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/psyg.12582},
pmid = {32497386},
issn = {1479-8301},
}
@article {pmid32497358,
year = {2020},
author = {Gaebel, W and Stricker, J},
title = {e-Mental Health Options in the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.},
journal = {Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/pcn.13079},
pmid = {32497358},
issn = {1440-1819},
}
@article {pmid32497353,
year = {2020},
author = {Ng, D and Chan, F and Barry, TJ and Lam, C and Chong, CY and Kok, H and Liao, Q and Fielding, R and Lam, W},
title = {Psychological distress during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic among cancer survivors and healthy controls.},
journal = {Psycho-oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/pon.5437},
pmid = {32497353},
issn = {1099-1611},
}
@article {pmid32497348,
year = {2020},
author = {Kache, T and Mrowka, R},
title = {How Simulations May Help Us to Understand the Dynamics of COVID-19 Spread. - Visualizing Non-Intuitive Behaviors of a Pandemic (pansim.uni-jena.de).},
journal = {Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13520},
doi = {10.1111/apha.13520},
pmid = {32497348},
issn = {1748-1716},
abstract = {The new coronavirus SARS-COV-2 is currently impacting life around the globe 1 . The rapid spread of this viral disease might be highly challenging for health care systems. This was seen in Northern Italy and in New York City for example2 . Governments reacted with different measures such as shutdown of all schools, universities and up to a general curfew. All of those measures have a huge impact on the economy. The United Nations secretary general has stated recently: &quot;The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most dangerous challenges this world has faced in our lifetime.},
}
@article {pmid32497344,
year = {2020},
author = {Murt, A and Eskazan, AE and Yılmaz, U and Ozkan, T and Ar, MC},
title = {COVID-19 presenting with immune thrombocytopenia: a case report and review of the literature.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26138},
pmid = {32497344},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may be associated with thrombocytopenia which might have different mechanisms in different patients and in different phases of the disease. Cytokine release, thrombotic consumption or autoimmune destruction are some leading etiologies of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19. This case report presents a 41-year-old male COVID-19 patient who had petechiae and purpura as the referral symptoms. Laboratory tests revealed isolated thrombocytopenia with no other additional pathologic findings. Most probable diagnosis was COVID-19 induced immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment generated a good response. There were four other recent publications with a total of eight cases in the literature. The presented case was discussed in comparison with those similar cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497341,
year = {2020},
author = {Ikeda, S and Shih, M and Rhee, RY and Youdelman, BA},
title = {Acute complicated type B aortic dissection during the New York City COVID-19 surge.},
journal = {Journal of cardiac surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jocs.14678},
pmid = {32497341},
issn = {1540-8191},
abstract = {The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in New York City (NYC) is dramatic. COVID-19 cases surged, hospitals expanded to meet capacity, and NYC remains the global epicenter of this pandemic. During this unprecedented time, a young woman with known Marfan syndrome presented with an acute complicated type B aortic dissection to our Aortic Center. Using the provisional extension to induce a complete attachment technique, we treated this patient and quickly discharged her the next day to decrease the risk of COVID-19 infection. Her progress was monitored using frequent phone calls and one office visit at two weeks.},
}
@article {pmid32497334,
year = {2020},
author = {Grajewski, RS and Rokohl, AC and Becker, M and Dewald, F and Lehmann, C and Fätkenheuer, G and Cursiefen, C and Klein, F and Heindl, LM},
title = {Letter to the Editor: A Missing Link between SARS-CoV-2 and the Eye?: ACE2 Expression on the Ocular Surface.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26136},
pmid = {32497334},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {We applaud Lange et al.1 for their extensive efforts to analyse entry factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) into conjunctival epithelial cells covering the ocular surface, which is an important albeit controversially discussed issue1,2 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497323,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhuang, MW and Cheng, Y and Zhang, J and Jiang, XM and Wang, L and Deng, J and Wang, PH},
title = {Increasing Host Cellular Receptor-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Expression by Coronavirus may Facilitate 2019-nCoV (or SARS-CoV-2) Infection.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26139},
pmid = {32497323},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {The ongoing outbreak of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or SARS-CoV-2) has caused an epidemic of the acute respiratory syndrome known as COVID-19 in humans. SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread to multiple regions of China and multiple other countries, posing a serious threat to public health. The spike (S) proteins of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 may use the same host cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), for entering into host cells. The affinity between ACE2 and the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is much higher than that of ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV S protein, explaining why SARS-CoV-2 seems to be more readily transmitted from the human to human. Here, we report that ACE2 can be significantly upregulated after infection of various viruses, including SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, or by the stimulation with inflammatory cytokines such as interferons. We propose that SARS-CoV-2 may positively induce its cellular entry receptor, ACE2, to accelerate its replication and spread; high inflammatory cytokine levels increase ACE2 expression and act as high-risk factors for developing COVID-19, and the infection of other viruses may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, drugs targeting ACE2 may be developed for the future emerging infectious diseases caused by this cluster of coronaviruses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497318,
year = {2020},
author = {Jakubowski, DM and Bailey, H and Abran, J and Blacklock, A and Ciau, N and Mies, C and Tan, V and Young, R and Lau, A and Baehner, FL},
title = {Molecular characterization of breast cancer needle core biopsy specimens by the 21-gene Breast Recurrence Score test.},
journal = {Journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jso.26050},
pmid = {32497318},
issn = {1096-9098},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recent COVID-19 pandemic guidelines recommend genomic assessment of core biopsies to help guide treatment decisions in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive early-stage breast cancer. Herein we characterize biopsy and excisional breast cancer specimens submitted for 21-gene testing.<br><br>METHODS: US samples submitted to Genomic Health for 21-gene testing (01/2004-04/2020) were assessed by pathologists and analyzed by a standardized quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Predefined cutoffs were: ESR1 (positive ≥6.5), PGR (positive ≥5.5), and ERBB2 (negative <10.7). ER status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and lymph node status were determined locally. Median and interquartile range were reported for continuous variables, and total and percent for categorical variables. Distributions were assessed overall, by age, and by nodal involvement.<br><br>RESULTS: Of 919 701 samples analyzed, 13% were biopsies and 87% were excisions. Initial assay success rates were 94.5% (biopsies) and 97.3% (excisions). ER IHC concordance with central ESR1 was 96.8% (biopsies) and 97.6% (excisions). Biopsy and excisional medians were: Recurrence Score results 16 (each); ESR1 10.2 (each); PGR 7.7 and 7.6; ERBB2 9.4 and 9.2, respectively.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Biopsy submissions for 21-gene testing are common and consistently generate results that are very similar to the experience with excisions. The 21-gene test can be performed reliably on core biopsies.},
}
@article {pmid32497317,
year = {2020},
author = {D'Ovidio, V and Lucidi, C and Bruno, G and Miglioresi, L and Lisi, D and Bazuro, ME},
title = {A snapshot of urgent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy care during the Covid-19 outbreak in Italy.},
journal = {Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jgh.15132},
pmid = {32497317},
issn = {1440-1746},
}
@article {pmid32497298,
year = {2020},
author = {Bruno, G and Fabrizio, C and Santoro, CR and Buccoliero, GB},
title = {Pancreatic injury in the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a not-so-rare occurrence.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26134},
pmid = {32497298},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Despite respiratory symptoms are typically found during the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), gastrointestinal manifestations are increasingly described. However, data regarding COVID-19-associated pancreatic injury are still limited, as well as the mechanisms underlying COVID-19 induced-pancreatic damage have not been completely clarified. Herein, we described pancreatic abnormalities in six (8.5%) out of 70 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in our unit from February 25, 2020 to May 10, 2020. We hypothesized that pancreatic damage may be associated with several factors including direct effect of SARS-CoV-2, inflammatory cascade, dehydration and multiple organ dysfunction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497297,
year = {2020},
author = {Qin, L and Li, X and Shi, J and Yu, M and Wang, K and Tao, Y and Zhou, Y and Zhou, M and Xu, S and Wu, B and Yang, Z and Zhang, C and Yue, J and Cheng, C and Liu, X and Xie, M},
title = {Gendered effects on inflammation reaction and outcome of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26137},
pmid = {32497297},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has turned into a public health emergency of international concern. Epidemiological research showed that gender was associated with the severity of COVID-19, but the underlying mechanism of gender predisposition remains poorly understood. We aim to study the gendered differences in inflammation reaction, and the association with severity and mortality of COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 548 COVID-19 inpatients from Tongji Hospital from January 26 to February 5, 2020, and followed up to March 3, 2020. Epidemiological, demographic and clinical features, and inflammatory indexes were collected and compared between males and females. Cox proportional hazard regression model was applied to identify gendered effect on mortality of COVID-19 after adjusting age, comorbidity and smoking history. Multiple linear regression method was used to explore the influence of sex on inflammation reaction.<br><br>RESULTS: Males had higher mortality than females did (22.2% vs. 10.4%), with the HR of 1.923 (95% CI, 1.181-3.130); elder age and comorbidity were significantly associated with decease of COVID-19 patients. Excess inflammation reaction was related to severity of COVID-19. Male patients had greater inflammation reaction, with higher levels of IL-10, TNF-α, LDH, ferritin and hsCRP, but lower lymphocyte count than females adjusted by age and comorbidity.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Gender, age, and comorbidity are critical risk factors for mortality of COVID-19. Excess innate immunity and proinflammation activity, and deficiency in adaptive immunity response promote males especially elder males to develop cytokine storm, causing potential ARDS, multiple organ failure and decease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497295,
year = {2020},
author = {Romero, PE},
title = {Comment on &quot;Genetic variants and source of introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in South America&quot;.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26122},
pmid = {32497295},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {I read with great interest a recent study by Poterico and Mestanza1 who described mutations in 30 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from South American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497294,
year = {2020},
author = {Bogani, G and Signorelli, M and Ditto, A and Raspagliesi, F},
title = {Surgical oncology at the time of COVID-19 outbreak.},
journal = {Journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jso.25975},
pmid = {32497294},
issn = {1096-9098},
}
@article {pmid32497292,
year = {2020},
author = {Oguz-Akarsu, E and Ozpar, R and Mirzayev, H and Acet-Ozturk, NA and Hakyemez, B and Ediger, D and Karli, N and , },
title = {Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a Patient with Minimal Symptoms of COVID-19 Infection.},
journal = {Muscle &amp; nerve},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/mus.26992},
pmid = {32497292},
issn = {1097-4598},
}
@article {pmid32497290,
year = {2020},
author = {Marín-Hernández, D and Schwartz, RE and Nixon, DF},
title = {Epidemiological Evidence for Association between Higher Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Elderly and Lower COVID-19 Deaths in Italy.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26120},
pmid = {32497290},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {The Italian COVID-19 epidemic may finally be slowing, although the virus has spread from the North in Lombardy throughout the rest of the country. While there have been more than 233,000 confirmed cases, and a mortality rate estimated around 14%, Italy will now navigate an exit from lockdown with continued testing, monitoring, and contact tracing of any new infections. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497288,
year = {2020},
author = {Finsterer, J and Scorza, FA and Ghosh, R},
title = {COVID-19 polyradiculitis in 24 patients without SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebro-spinal fluid.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26121},
pmid = {32497288},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: to summarise and discuss current knowledge about COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).<br><br>METHOD: literature review RESULTS: altogether 18 articles were found, which reported 23 patients with COVID-19-associated GBS. A further patient came to our attention by personal communication. Among these 24 included patients age ranged from 20 to 76y. There was male preponderance. Fourteen patients presented with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 4 with acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), 3 with Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS), and 2 with acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). In one patient the subtype was not specified. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was tested for SARS-CoV-2 in 15 patients but was negative for the virus in all of them. Seven patients required artificial ventilation. Twenty-one patients received intravenous immunoglobulines (IVIG). Thirteen patients recovered, 6 did not, and 2 patients died.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 can cause GBS. SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS occurs in the absence of the virus in the CSF. Clinical presentation, course, response to treatment, and outcome do not vary between SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS and GBS due to other triggers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497287,
year = {2020},
author = {Manrique, JV and Ghosh, K and Boma, N},
title = {Anticardiolipin antibodies and COVID-19 - A Case Report from America.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26135},
pmid = {32497287},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {In an effort to unravel the pathological mechanism of COVID-19, several reports and studies have been recently conducted in the frontlines around the world. Some initial clues have been obtained, and among them, the concern for clot formation and the idea of an impaired coagulation has strongly increased. We report a case of pulmonary embolism in a COVID-19 patient who tested positive for anticardiolipin antibodies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497283,
year = {2020},
author = {Ozaras, R and Cirpin, R and Duran, A and Duman, H and Arslan, O and Bakcan, Y and Kaya, M and Mutlu, H and Isayeva, L and Kebanlı, F and Deger, BA and Bekeshev, E and Kaya, F and Bilir, S},
title = {Influenza and COVID-19 Co-infection: Report of 6 cases and review of the Literature.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26125},
pmid = {32497283},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {COVID-19 pandemic caused infection in a season when influenza is still prevalent. Both viruses have similar transmission characteristics and common clinical manifestations. Influenza has been described to cause respiratory infection with some other respiratory pathogens. However the information of COVID-19 and influenza co-infection is limited. In this study, we reported our co-infected cases and reviewed the literature. We included all COVID-19 diagnosed patients. All patients with a presumed diagnosis of COVID-19 were routinely screened for influenza. Their thorax radiology was reviewed for COVID-19 -influenza differentiation. During the study period, 1103 patients have been diagnosed COVID-19. Among them, 6 patients (0.54%) were diagnosed co-infected with influenza. There have been 28 more co-infected patients reported. Laboratory-based, screening studies reported more patients. Thorax radiology findings were compatible with COVID-19 in 5 and with influenza in 1 one of our patients. Our cases were mild-to-moderate in severity. The reported cases in the literature included patients died (n=2) and those living ventilator dependent or under mechanical ventilation. COVID-19 and influenza co-infection is rare. Screening studies report more cases, suggesting that unless screening COVID-19 patients, the co-infection remains undiagnosed and underestimated. Increasing experience in thoracic radiology may contribute to diagnose the responsible virus(es) from the clinical illness. Influenza vaccine for larger population groups can be recommended to simplify clinicians' work. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497257,
year = {2020},
author = {Colarusso, C and Terlizzi, M and Pinto, A and Sorrentino, R},
title = {A lesson from a saboteur: high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) impact in COVID-19.},
journal = {British journal of pharmacology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/bph.15154},
pmid = {32497257},
issn = {1476-5381},
abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified coronavirus which has spread from China to the rest of the world causing the pandemic coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). It has fatality rate that floats from 5 to 15% and the symptoms are fever, cough, myalgia and/or fatigue up to dyspnea, responsible for hospitalization and in most of the cases of artificial oxygenation. In the attempt to understand how the virus spreads and how to pharmacologically abolish it, it was highlighted that SARS-CoV-2 infects human cells by means of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). Once bound to its receptor ACE2, the other two proteases, in concert with the receptor-mediated signaling, allow virus replication and spread throughout the body. Our attention has been focused on the role of ACE2 in that its blockade by the virus increases Bradykinin and its metabolites, well known to facilitate inflammation in the lung (responsible for cough and fever), facilitate both the coagulation and complement system, three mechanisms that are typical of angioedema, cardiovascular dysfunction and sepsis, pathologies which symptoms occur in COVID-19 patients. Thus, we propose to pharmacologically block the kallikrein-kinin system upstream bradykinin and the ensuing inflammation, coagulation and complement activation by means of lanadelumab, which is a clinically approved drug for hereditary angioedema.},
}
@article {pmid32497254,
year = {2020},
author = {Chia, CLK},
title = {Leading a COVID-19 cohort ward without blades: a surgeon's perspectives.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11735},
pmid = {32497254},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32497253,
year = {2020},
author = {Adadi, P and Kanwugu, ON},
title = {Living with HIV in the time of COVID-19: a glimpse of hope.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26118},
pmid = {32497253},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {As at the time of writing, the global confirmed cases of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) stands at 5,075,181 with 330,981 deaths and 1,936,331 recoveries1 . According to the Canter for Disease Control, the aged and individuals with compromised immune systems due to infections (i.e., human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), etc.) are at higher risk of contracting the COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32497248,
year = {2020},
author = {Carlsson, TL and Walton, B and Collin, G},
title = {Pulmonary Artery Thrombectomy - A Life Saving Treatment in a Patient with Presumed COVID-19 complicated by a massive Pulmonary Embolus.},
journal = {British journal of haematology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/bjh.16920},
pmid = {32497248},
issn = {1365-2141},
abstract = {To our knowledge, we report the first case of percutaneous pulmonary thrombectomy and catheter directed thrombolysis for massive pulmonary embolism (PE) in a patient with presumed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Standard treatments of anticoagulation and systemic thrombolysis were unsuccessful and the patient continued to deteriorate. Percutaneous pulmonary thrombectomy and locally delivered thrombolysis was a life-saving treatment; the patient continues to improve and is currently being nursed on a standard ward. This report highlights the diagnostic challenge of COVID-19 due to the low sensitivity of the nasopharyngeal swab test and the importance of imaging in managing patients with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP). Additionally, it emphasises the need for interventional radiologists and haematologists to work alongside our critical care colleagues to deliver life-saving treatment in this fight against COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32497244,
year = {2020},
author = {Farid, Y and Kapila, AK and Schettino, M and Ortiz, S and Vermylen, O and Wauthy, P and Hamdi, M},
title = {Assessing the skillset of surgeons facing the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11723},
pmid = {32497244},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32497212,
year = {2020},
author = {Chau, NVV and Thanh Lam, V and Thanh Dung, N and Yen, LM and Minh, NNQ and Hung, LM and Ngoc, NM and Dung, NT and Man, DNH and Nguyet, LA and Nhat, LTH and Nhu, LNT and Ny, NTH and Hong, NTT and Kestelyn, E and Dung, NTP and Xuan, TC and Hien, TT and Thanh Phong, N and Tu, TNH and Geskus, RB and Thanh, TT and Thanh Truong, N and Binh, NT and Thuong, TC and Thwaites, G and Tan, LV and , },
title = {The natural history and transmission potential of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa711},
pmid = {32497212},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about the natural history of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or its contribution to infection transmission.<br><br>METHODS: We conducted a prospective study at a quarantine center for COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We enrolled quarantined people with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting clinical data, travel and contact history, and saliva at enrolment and daily nasopharyngeal throat swabs (NTS) for RT-PCR testing. We compared the natural history and transmission potential of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.<br><br>RESULTS: Between March 10th and April 4th, 2020, 14,000 quarantined people were tested for SARS-CoV-2; 49 were positive. Of these, 30 participated in the study: 13(43%) never had symptoms and 17(57%) were symptomatic. 17(57%) participants acquired their infection outside Vietnam. Compared with symptomatic individuals, asymptomatic people were less likely to have detectable SARS-CoV-2 in NTS samples collected at enrolment (8/13 (62%) vs. 17/17 (100%) P=0.02). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 20/27 (74%) available saliva; 7/11 (64%) in the asymptomatic and 13/16 (81%) in the symptomatic group (P=0.56). Analysis of the probability of RT-PCR positivity showed asymptomatic participants had faster viral clearance than symptomatic participants (P<0.001 for difference over first 19 days). This difference was most pronounced during the first week of follow-up. Two of the asymptomatic individuals appeared to transmit the infection to up to four contacts.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and can be detected by analysis of saliva or NTS. NTS viral loads fall faster in asymptomatic individuals, but they appear able to transmit the virus to others.},
}
@article {pmid32497211,
year = {2020},
author = {Sam, IC and Chong, J and Kamarudin, R and Jafar, FL and Lee, LM and Bador, MK and Chew, YY and Tan, MP and Chan, YF},
title = {Providing a laboratory diagnostic service for pandemic SARS-CoV-2 in a developing country.},
journal = {Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/trstmh/traa037},
pmid = {32497211},
issn = {1878-3503},
}
@article {pmid32497196,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, X and Guo, X and Xin, Q and Pan, Y and Hu, Y and Li, J and Chu, Y and Feng, Y and Wang, Q},
title = {Neutralizing Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Inpatients and Convalescent Patients.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa721},
pmid = {32497196},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a pandemic with no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines. The urgent needs for exploring the neutralizing antibodies from patients with different clinical characteristics are emerging.<br><br>METHODS: A total of 117 blood samples were collected from 70 COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients. Antibodies were determined with a modified cytopathogenic neutralization assay (NA) based on live SARS-CoV-2 and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The dynamics of neutralizing antibody levels at different time points with different clinical characteristics were analyzed.<br><br>RESULTS: The seropositivity rate reached up to 100.0% within 20 days since onset, and remained 100.0% till day 41-53. The total GMT was 1:163.7 (95% CI, 128.5 to 208.6) by NA and 1:12441.7 (95% CI, 9754.5 to 15869.2) by ELISA. The antibody level by NA and ELISA peaked on day 31-40 since onset, and then decreased slightly. In multivariate GEE analysis, patients at age of 31-45, 46-60, and 61-84 had a higher neutralizing antibody level than those at age of 16-30 (β=1.0470, P=0.0125; β=1.0613, P=0.0307; β=1.3713, P=0.0020). Patients with a worse clinical classification had a higher neutralizing antibody titer (β=0.4639, P=0.0227).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The neutralizing antibodies were detected even at the early stage of disease, and a significant response showed in convalescent patients.},
}
@article {pmid32497194,
year = {2020},
author = {Campbell, P and Witenko, C and Dzierba, AL},
title = {Perseverance in a pandemic: A unique pharmacy residency learning experience.},
journal = {American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ajhp/zxaa206},
pmid = {32497194},
issn = {1535-2900},
abstract = {In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.},
}
@article {pmid32497191,
year = {2020},
author = {Gu, S and Chen, Y and Wu, Z and Chen, Y and Gao, H and Lv, L and Guo, F and Zhang, X and Luo, R and Huang, C and Lu, H and Zheng, B and Zhang, J and Yan, R and Zhang, H and Jiang, H and Xu, Q and Guo, J and Gong, Y and Tang, L and Li, L},
title = {Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Patients with COVID-19 or H1N1 Influenza.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa709},
pmid = {32497191},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging serious global health problem. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients, and SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in stool specimens. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and disease remains to be established.<br><br>METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 30 COVID-19 patients, 24 influenza A (H1N1) patients, and 30 matched healthy controls (HC) to identify differences in the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene V3-V4 region sequencing.<br><br>RESULTS: Compared with HC, COVID-19 patients had significantly reduced bacterial diversity, a significantly higher relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens, such as Streptococcus, Rothia, Veillonella and Actinomyces, and a lower relative abundance of beneficial symbionts. Five biomarkers showed high accuracy for distinguishing COVID-19 patients from HC with an area under the curve (AUC) up to 0.89. Patients with H1N1 displayed lower diversity and different overall microbial composition compared with COVID-19 patients. Seven biomarkers were selected to distinguish the two cohorts with an AUC of 0.94.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The gut microbial signature of patients with COVID-19 was different from that of H1N1 patients and HC. Our study suggests the potential value of the gut microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for COVID-19, but further validation is needed.},
}
@article {pmid32497175,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, P and Liu, J and Ma, Z and Bramer, WM and Pepelenbosch, MP and Pan, Q},
title = {Estimating global epidemiology of low pathogenic human coronaviruses relating to the COVID-19 context.},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiaa321},
pmid = {32497175},
issn = {1537-6613},
}
@article {pmid32497168,
year = {2020},
author = {Canaday, DH and Gravenstein, S},
title = {On setting expectations for a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa726},
pmid = {32497168},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {The global coronavirus pandemic is unlike any other since 1918. A century of dramatic medical advances has produced a public expectation that the medical field will rapidly provide solutions to restore normalcy. In under 6 months, since SARS-CoV-2 was identified, the massive international effort to develop a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has generated more than 140 vaccines in different stages of development with 9 already recruiting into clinical trials posted on clinicaltrials.gov. The long-term strategy to handle COVID-19 will almost certainly rely on vaccines. But, what type of protection can we realistically expect to achieve from vaccines and when?},
}
@article {pmid32497149,
year = {2020},
author = {Silva-Arrieta, S and Goulder, PJR and Brander, C},
title = {In silico veritas? Potential limitations for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development based on T-cell epitope prediction.},
journal = {PLoS pathogens},
volume = {16},
number = {6},
pages = {e1008607},
doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1008607},
pmid = {32497149},
issn = {1553-7374},
}
@article {pmid32497090,
year = {2020},
author = {Smith, V and Seo, D and Warty, R and Payne, O and Salih, M and Chin, KL and Ofori-Asenso, R and Krishnan, S and da Silva Costa, F and Vollenhoven, B and Wallace, E},
title = {Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {15},
number = {6},
pages = {e0234187},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0234187},
pmid = {32497090},
issn = {1932-6203},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has created an extraordinary global health crisis. However, with limited understanding of the effects of COVID-19 during pregnancy, clinicians and patients are forced to make uninformed decisions.<br><br>OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the literature and report the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19.<br><br>SEARCH STRATEGY: PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched from November 1st, 2019 and March 28th, 2020.<br><br>SELECTION CRITERIA: Primary studies, reported in English, investigating COVID-19-positive pregnant women and reporting their pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.<br><br>DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data in relation to clinical presentation, investigation were maternal and neonatal outcomes were extracted and analysed using summary statistics. Hypothesis testing was performed to examine differences in time-to-delivery. Study quality was assessed using the ICROMS tool.<br><br>MAIN RESULTS: Of 73 identified articles, nine were eligible for inclusion (n = 92). 67.4% (62/92) of women were symptomatic at presentation. RT-PCR was inferior to CT-based diagnosis in 31.7% (26/79) of cases. Maternal mortality rate was 0% and only one patient required intensive care and ventilation. 63.8% (30/47) had preterm births, 61.1% (11/18) fetal distress and 80% (40/50) a Caesarean section. 76.92% (11/13) of neonates required NICU admission and 42.8% (40/50) had a low birth weight. There was one indeterminate case of potential vertical transmission. Mean time-to-delivery was 4.3±3.08 days (n = 12) with no difference in outcomes (p>0.05).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19-positive pregnant women present with fewer symptoms than the general population and may be RT-PCR negative despite having signs of viral pneumonia. The incidence of preterm births, low birth weight, C-section, NICU admission appear higher than the general population.},
}
@article {pmid32497031,
year = {2020},
author = {Marcus, JE and Frankel, DN and Pawlak, MT and Casey, TM and Blackwell, RS and Tran, FV and Dolan, MJ and Yun, HC},
title = {COVID-19 Monitoring and Response Among U.S. Air Force Basic Military Trainees - Texas, March-April 2020.},
journal = {MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report},
volume = {69},
number = {22},
pages = {685-688},
doi = {10.15585/mmwr.mm6922e2},
pmid = {32497031},
issn = {1545-861X},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality since it was first described in December 2019 (1). Based on epidemiologic data showing spread in congregate settings (2-4), national, state, and local governments instituted significant restrictions on large gatherings to prevent transmission of disease in early March 2020. This and other nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have shown initial success in slowing the pandemic across the country (5). This report examines the first 7 weeks (March 1-April 18) of implementation of NPIs in Basic Military Training (BMT) at a U.S. Air Force base. In a population of 10,579 trainees, COVID-19 incidence was limited to five cases (47 per 100,000 persons), three of which were in persons who were contacts of the first patient. Transmission of symptomatic COVID-19 was successfully limited using strategies of quarantine, social distancing, early screening of trainees, rapid isolation of persons with suspected cases, and monitored reentry into training for trainees with positive test results after resolution of symptoms.},
}
@article {pmid32497028,
year = {2020},
author = {, and Jorden, MA and Rudman, SL and Villarino, E and Hoferka, S and Patel, MT and Bemis, K and Simmons, CR and Jespersen, M and Iberg Johnson, J and Mytty, E and Arends, KD and Henderson, JJ and Mathes, RW and Weng, CX and Duchin, J and Lenahan, J and Close, N and Bedford, T and Boeckh, M and Chu, HY and Englund, JA and Famulare, M and Nickerson, DA and Rieder, MJ and Shendure, J and Starita, LM},
title = {Evidence for Limited Early Spread of COVID-19 Within the United States, January-February 2020.},
journal = {MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report},
volume = {69},
number = {22},
pages = {680-684},
doi = {10.15585/mmwr.mm6922e1},
pmid = {32497028},
issn = {1545-861X},
abstract = {From January 21 through February 23, 2020, public health agencies detected 14 U.S. cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), all related to travel from China (1,2). The first nontravel-related U.S. case was confirmed on February 26 in a California resident who had become ill on February 13 (3). Two days later, on February 28, a second nontravel-related case was confirmed in the state of Washington (4,5). Examination of four lines of evidence provides insight into the timing of introduction and early transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, into the United States before the detection of these two cases. First, syndromic surveillance based on emergency department records from counties affected early by the pandemic did not show an increase in visits for COVID-19-like illness before February 28. Second, retrospective SARS-CoV-2 testing of approximately 11,000 respiratory specimens from several U.S. locations beginning January 1 identified no positive results before February 20. Third, analysis of viral RNA sequences from early cases suggested that a single lineage of virus imported directly or indirectly from China began circulating in the United States between January 18 and February 9, followed by several SARS-CoV-2 importations from Europe. Finally, the occurrence of three cases, one in a California resident who died on February 6, a second in another resident of the same county who died February 17, and a third in an unidentified passenger or crew member aboard a Pacific cruise ship that left San Francisco on February 11, confirms cryptic circulation of the virus by early February. These data indicate that sustained, community transmission had begun before detection of the first two nontravel-related U.S. cases, likely resulting from the importation of a single lineage of virus from China in late January or early February, followed by several importations from Europe. The widespread emergence of COVID-19 throughout the United States after February highlights the importance of robust public health systems to respond rapidly to emerging infectious threats.},
}
@article {pmid32497001,
year = {2020},
author = {Han, MS and Seong, MW and Kim, N and Shin, S and Cho, SI and Park, H and Kim, TS and Park, SS and Choi, EH},
title = {Viral RNA Load in Mildly Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children with COVID-19, Seoul.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2610.202449},
pmid = {32497001},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {Along with positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs, viral RNA was detectable at high concentration for >3 weeks in fecal samples from 12 mildly symptomatic and asymptomatic children with COVID-19. Saliva also tested positive during the early phase of infection. If proven infectious, feces and saliva could serve as transmission sources.},
}
@article {pmid32496988,
year = {2020},
author = {Albahli, S},
title = {A Deep Neural Network to Distinguish COVID-19 from other Chest Diseases using X-ray Images.},
journal = {Current medical imaging},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2174/1573405616666200604163954},
pmid = {32496988},
issn = {1573-4056},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Scanning patient's lungs to detect a Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to similar imaging with other chest diseases that strongly requires a multidisciplinary approach to confirm the diagnosis. There are only few works targeted pathological x-ray images. Most of the works targeted only single disease detection which is not good enough. Some works have provided for all classes however the results suffer due to lack of data for rare classes and data unbalancing problem.<br><br>METHODS: Due to arise of COVID-19 virus medical facilities of many countries are overwhelmed and there is a need of intelligent system to detect it. There have been few works regarding detection of the coronavirus but there are many cases where it can be misclassified as some techniques do not provide any goodness if it can only identify type of diseases and ignore the rest. This work is a deep learning-based model to distinguish between cases of COVID-19 from other chest diseases which is need of today.<br><br>RESULTS: A Deep Neural Network model provides a significant contribution in terms of detecting COVID-19 and provide effective analysis of chest related diseases with respect to age and gender. Our model achieves 87% accuracy in terms of Gan based synthetic data and four different types of deep learning- based models which provided state of the art comparable results.<br><br>CONCLUSION: If the gap in identifying of all viral pneumonias is not filled with effective automation of chest disease detection the healthcare industry may have to bear unfavorable circumstances.},
}
@article {pmid32496967,
year = {2020},
author = {Smither, SJ and Eastaugh, LS and Findlay, JS and Lever, MS},
title = {Experimental Aerosol Survival of SARS-CoV-2 in Artificial Saliva and Tissue Culture Media at Medium and High Humidity.},
journal = {Emerging microbes &amp; infections},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-9},
doi = {10.1080/22221751.2020.1777906},
pmid = {32496967},
issn = {2222-1751},
}
@article {pmid32496948,
year = {2020},
author = {Bard, TR},
title = {COVID-19 and a New Normal?.},
journal = {The journal of pastoral care &amp; counseling : JPCC},
volume = {74},
number = {2},
pages = {81},
doi = {10.1177/1542305020926831},
pmid = {32496948},
issn = {2167-776X},
}
@article {pmid32496947,
year = {2020},
author = {Sylvester, AM},
title = {COVID - A Caring Reflection.},
journal = {The journal of pastoral care &amp; counseling : JPCC},
volume = {74},
number = {2},
pages = {141},
doi = {10.1177/1542305020921771},
pmid = {32496947},
issn = {2167-776X},
abstract = {Those of us who can come to work every day and provide emotional and spiritual support to the patients, families, staff, and to each other despite all challenges. COVID-19 has not robbed us of our ability to care. COVID-19 has not robbed us of our voices in using kind words, thoughts, sentiments, and prayers to comfort others and each other. Most importantly, COVID-19 has not broken us.},
}
@article {pmid32496938,
year = {2020},
author = {Maillart, E and Leemans, S and Van Noten, H and Vandergraesen, T and Mahadeb, B and Salaouatchi, MT and De Bels, D and Clevenbergh, P},
title = {A case report of serious haemolysis in a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient COVID-19 patient receiving hydroxychloroquine.},
journal = {Infectious diseases (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-3},
doi = {10.1080/23744235.2020.1774644},
pmid = {32496938},
issn = {2374-4243},
abstract = {While the COVID-19 epidemic occurred since December 2019, as of end April 2020, no treatment has been validated or invalidated by accurate clinical trials. Use of hydroxychloroquine has been popularised on mass media and put forward as a valid treatment option without strong evidence of efficacy. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has its own side effects, some of which are very serious like acute haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient patients. Side effects may be worse than the disease itself. Belgian national treatment guidelines recommend the use of HCQ in mild to severe COVID-19 disease. As opinions, politics, media and beliefs are governing COVID-19 therapy, performance of randomised controlled blinded clinical trials became difficult. Results of sound clinical trials are eagerly awaited. We report a case of acute haemolysis leading to admission in intensive care unit and renal failure in a patient with uncovered G6PD deficiency.},
}
@article {pmid32496937,
year = {2020},
author = {Tsivgoulis, G and Katsanos, AH and Ornello, R and Sacco, S},
title = {Ischemic Stroke Epidemiology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Navigating Uncharted Waters With Changing Tides.},
journal = {Stroke},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {STROKEAHA120030791},
doi = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030791},
pmid = {32496937},
issn = {1524-4628},
}
@article {pmid32496926,
year = {2020},
author = {Sun, J and Chen, Y and Fan, X and Wang, X and Han, Q and Liu, Z},
title = {Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19.},
journal = {Postgraduate medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1080/00325481.2020.1778982},
pmid = {32496926},
issn = {1941-9260},
abstract = {Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading worldwide. Antiviral therapy is the most important treatment for COVID-19. Among the drugs under investigation, anti-malarials, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), are being repurposed as treatment for COVID-19. CQ/HCQ were shown to prevent receptor recognition by coronaviruses, inhibit endosome acidification, which interferes with membrane fusion, and exhibit immunomodulatory activity. These multiple mechanisms may work together to exert a therapeutic effect on COVID-19. A number of in vitro studies revealed inhibitory effects of CQ/HCQ on various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 although conflicting results exist. Several clinical studies showed that CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide may alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, promote viral conversion, and delay disease progression, with less serious adverse effects. However, recent studies indicated that the use of CQ/HCQ, alone or in combination with a macrolide, did not show any favorable effect on patients with COVID-19. Adverse effects, including prolonged QT interval after taking CQ/HCQ, may develop in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken about the application of CQ/HCQ in COVID-19 before conclusive findings are obtained by well-designed, multi-center, randomized, controlled studies.},
}
@article {pmid32496924,
year = {2020},
author = {Callis, GM},
title = {Add to your learning experience as a histopathology professional: dealing with the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic and publications in this issue.},
journal = {Journal of histotechnology},
volume = {43},
number = {2},
pages = {75},
doi = {10.1080/01478885.2020.1748365},
pmid = {32496924},
issn = {2046-0236},
}
@article {pmid32496919,
year = {2020},
author = {Cheng, MP and Yansouni, CP and Basta, NE and Desjardins, M and Kanjilal, S and Paquette, K and Caya, C and Semret, M and Quach, C and Libman, M and Mazzola, L and Sacks, JA and Dittrich, S and Papenburg, J},
title = {Serodiagnostics for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus-2: A Narrative Review.},
journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.7326/M20-2854},
pmid = {32496919},
issn = {1539-3704},
abstract = {Accurate serologic tests to detect host antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) will be critical for the public health response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Many use cases are envisaged, including complementing molecular methods for diagnosis of active disease and estimating immunity for individuals. At the population level, carefully designed seroepidemiologic studies will aid in the characterization of transmission dynamics and refinement of disease burden estimates and will provide insight into the kinetics of humoral immunity. Yet, despite an explosion in the number and availability of serologic assays to test for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, most have undergone minimal external validation to date. This hinders assay selection and implementation, as well as interpretation of study results. In addition, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding serologic correlates of protection from infection or disease, and the degree to which these assays cross-react with antibodies against related coronaviruses. This article discusses key use cases for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection tests and their application to serologic studies, reviews currently available assays, highlights key areas of ongoing research, and proposes potential strategies for test implementation.},
}
@article {pmid32496917,
year = {2020},
author = {Cohen, JB and Hanff, TC and South, AM and Sparks, MA and Hiremath, S and Bress, AP and Byrd, JB and Chirinos, JA},
title = {Response by Cohen et al to Letter Regarding Article, &quot;Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19&quot;.},
journal = {Circulation research},
volume = {126},
number = {12},
pages = {e140-e141},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317205},
pmid = {32496917},
issn = {1524-4571},
}
@article {pmid32496914,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, P and Zhu, L and Cai, J and Lei, F and Qin, JJ and Wang, Y and Yuan, Y and Rohit, L and Liu, PP and Li, H},
title = {Response by Zhang et al to Letter Regarding Article, &quot;Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19&quot;.},
journal = {Circulation research},
volume = {126},
number = {12},
pages = {e142-e143},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317242},
pmid = {32496914},
issn = {1524-4571},
}
@article {pmid32496899,
year = {2020},
author = {Dobbs, D and Peterson, L and Hyer, K},
title = {The Unique Challenges Faced by Assisted Living Communities to Meet Federal Guidelines for COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of aging &amp; social policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-9},
doi = {10.1080/08959420.2020.1770037},
pmid = {32496899},
issn = {1545-0821},
abstract = {This perspective addresses the challenges that assisted living (AL) providers face concerning federal guidelines to prevent increased spread of COVID-19. These challenges include restriction of family visitation, use of third-party providers as essential workers, staffing guidelines, transfer policies, and rural AL hospitalizations. To meet these challenges we recommend that AL providers incorporate digital technology to maintain family-resident communication. We also recommend that states adopt protocols that limit the number of AL communities visited by home health care workers in a 14-day period, appeal to the federal government for hazard pay for direct care workers, and to extend the personal care attendant program to AL. It is further recommended that states work with AL communities to implement COVID-19 comprehensive emergency management plans that are well-coordinated with local emergency operation centers to assist with transfers to COVID-19 specific locations and to assist in rural areas with hospital transfers. Together, these recommendations to AL providers and state and federal agencies address the unique structure and needs of AL and would enable AL communities to be better prepared to care for and reduce those infected with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32496872,
year = {2020},
author = {Romagnoli, S and Peris, A and de Gaudio, AR and Geppetti, P},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: between pathophysiology complexity and therapeutic uncertainty.},
journal = {Physiological reviews},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1152/physrev.00020.2020},
pmid = {32496872},
issn = {1522-1210},
abstract = {First isolated in China in early 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus responsible for the ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease has been spreading rapidly across the globe, with the largest burden falling on China, Europe and the United States. COVID-19 is a new clinical syndrome characterized by respiratory symptoms with variable degrees of severity, from mild upper respiratory illness to severe interstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome aggravated by thrombosis in pulmonary microcirculation. Three main phases of disease progression have been proposed for COVID-19: the early infection phase, the pulmonary phase and the hyperinflammation phase. Although current understanding of COVID-19 treatment mainly derives from small uncontrolled trials that are affected by a number of biases, strong background noise and a litany of confounding factors, emerging awareness suggests that drugs currently used to treat COVID-19 (antivirals, antimalarials, immunomodulators, anticoagulants, antibodies) should be evaluated in relation to the pathophysiology of disease progression. Drawing upon the international and Italian dramatic experiences, here we review the changing evolution of the disease and focus on current treatments uncertainties and new promising therapies.},
}
@article {pmid32496871,
year = {2020},
author = {Stephens, EH and Dearani, JA and Guleserian, KJ and Overman, DM and Tweddell, JS and Backer, CL and Romano, JC and Bacha, E},
title = {COVID-19: Crisis Management in Congenital Heart Surgery.},
journal = {World journal for pediatric &amp; congenital heart surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {2150135120931398},
doi = {10.1177/2150135120931398},
pmid = {32496871},
issn = {2150-136X},
}
@article {pmid32496864,
year = {2020},
author = {Reinhart, E and Chen, D},
title = {Incarceration And Its Disseminations: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From Chicago's Cook County Jail.},
journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101377hlthaff202000652},
doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00652},
pmid = {32496864},
issn = {1544-5208},
abstract = {Jails and prisons are major sites of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Many jurisdictions in the United States have therefore accelerated release of low-risk offenders. Early release, however, does not address how arrest and pre-trial detention practices may be contributing to disease spread. Using data from Cook County Jail, in Chicago, Illinois, one of the largest known nodes of SARS-CoV-2 spread, we analyze the relationship between jailing practices and community infections at the zip-code level. We find that jail cycling is a significant predictor of SARS-CoV-2 infection, accounting for 55 percent of the variance in case rates across zip codes in Chicago and 37 percent in Illinois. By comparison, jail cycling far exceeds race, poverty, public transit utilization, and population density as a predictor of variance. The data suggest that cycling through Cook County Jail alone is associated with 15.7 percent of all documented novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in Illinois and 15.9 percent in Chicago as of April 19, 2020. Our findings support arguments for reduced reliance on incarceration and for related justice reforms both as emergency measures during the present pandemic and as sustained structural changes vital for future pandemic preparedness and public health. [Editor's Note: This Fast Track Ahead Of Print article is the accepted version of the peer-reviewed manuscript. The final edited version will appear in an upcoming issue of Health Affairs.].},
}
@article {pmid32496858,
year = {2020},
author = {Johnston, L and Archer, N and Martin, K},
title = {Swapping drills for dressings: redeployment of dentists to community nursing.},
journal = {British journal of community nursing},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {266-270},
doi = {10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.266},
pmid = {32496858},
issn = {1462-4753},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has placed increased strain on many aspects of the NHS. Dentists have been identified as having skills transferable to support community nursing teams as part of the redeployment response. This article aims to explore the roles dentists have undertaken within the community setting and reflect on dentists' transferable skills, training and personal experiences during redeployment. Despite differences in healthcare delivery, both professions share skills surrounding professionalism, communication, raising concerns and consent. Community nurses have supported dentists through specific training and competencies so that the latter are equipped with skills to support roles including wound care, catheter care and medication administration. Dentists have been well-received by community nursing colleagues and patients during redeployment. This experience has enabled redeployed dentists to establish new skillsets while improving their appreciation for the fundamental role that community nurses play within society.},
}
@article {pmid32496852,
year = {2020},
author = {Nyatanga, B},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 on loss and grief: a personal lens.},
journal = {British journal of community nursing},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {306-307},
doi = {10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.306},
pmid = {32496852},
issn = {1462-4753},
}
@article {pmid32496851,
year = {2020},
author = {Howarth, M and Griffiths, A and da Silva, A and Green, R},
title = {Social prescribing: a 'natural' community-based solution.},
journal = {British journal of community nursing},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {294-298},
doi = {10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.294},
pmid = {32496851},
issn = {1462-4753},
abstract = {This paper discusses social prescribing as part of the wider NHS England universal personalised care model, and it describes how community nurses can engage with social prescribing systems to support community resilience. A case study based on the example of gardening, as a nature-based social prescription provided by the RHS Bridgewater Wellbeing Garden, is provided to illustrate the scope, reach and impact of non-medical, salutogenic approaches for community practitioners. The authors argue that social prescribing and, in particular, nature-based solutions, such as gardening, can be used as a non-medical asset-based approach by all health professionals working in the community as a way to promote health and wellbeing. They consider how the negative impact of social distancing resulting from COVID-19 restrictions could be diluted through collaboration between a holistic, social prescribing system and community staff. The paper presents a unique perspective on how community nurses can collaborate with link workers through social prescribing to help combat social isolation and anxiety and support resilience.},
}
@article {pmid32496811,
year = {2020},
author = {Sayre, MR and Barnard, LM and Counts, CR and Drucker, CJ and Kudenchuk, PJ and Rea, TD and Eisenberg, MS},
title = {Prevalence of COVID-19 in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Implications for Bystander CPR.},
journal = {Circulation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048951},
pmid = {32496811},
issn = {1524-4539},
}
@article {pmid32496749,
year = {2020},
author = {Plakun, EM},
title = {Psychotherapy in the Post-COVID-19 Era.},
journal = {Journal of psychiatric practice},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/PRA.0000000000000476},
pmid = {32496749},
issn = {1538-1145},
abstract = {This column anticipates challenges likely to be faced by psychotherapists and their patients after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic subsides. It looks beyond the current impact of loneliness, isolation, thwarted belongingness, and loss toward the longer term impact of moral injury and blocked opportunities for mourning.},
}
@article {pmid32496743,
year = {2020},
author = {Anoushiravani, AA and O'Connor, CM and DiCaprio, MR and Iorio, R},
title = {Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Crisis: An Orthopaedic Perspective.},
journal = {The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume},
volume = {102},
number = {11},
pages = {937-941},
doi = {10.2106/JBJS.20.00557},
pmid = {32496743},
issn = {1535-1386},
}
@article {pmid32496741,
year = {2020},
author = {Carvalho, A and Alqusairi, R and Adams, A and Paul, M and Kothari, N and Peters, S and DeBenedet, AT},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Infection Causing Hemorrhagic Colitis: Implications for Detection and Transmission of COVID-19 Disease.},
journal = {The American journal of gastroenterology},
volume = {115},
number = {6},
pages = {942-946},
doi = {10.14309/ajg.0000000000000667},
pmid = {32496741},
issn = {1572-0241},
}
@article {pmid32496734,
year = {2020},
author = {Göker, H and Aladağ Karakulak, E and Demiroğlu, H and Ayaz Ceylan, ÇM and Büyükaşik, Y and Inkaya, AÇ and Aksu, S and Sayinalp, N and Haznedaroğlu, IC and Uzun, Ö and Akova, M and Özcebe, OI and Ünal, S},
title = {The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome.},
journal = {Turkish journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3906/sag-2005-395},
pmid = {32496734},
issn = {1303-6165},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) is an infectious disease outbreak later on declared as a pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). It spreads very rapidly and can result in severe acute respiratory failure. The clinical studies have shown that advanced age and chronic diseases increase the risk of infection. However, influence of the blood groups on COVID-19 infection and its outcome remains to be confirmed. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.<br><br>MATERIAL AND METHOD: 186 patients with PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in this study. Age, gender, blood groups, comorbidities, need for intubation and intensive care unit follow up and mortalities of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. 1881 healthy individuals, who presented to the Hacettepe University Blood Bank served as the controls.<br><br>RESULTS: The most frequently detected blood group was blood group A (57%) amongst the COVID-19 patients. This was followed by the blood group O (24.8%). The blood group types did not affect the clinical outcomes. Blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (57% vs 38%, p <0.001; OR: 2.1). On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group (24.8% vs 37.2%, p: 0.001; OR: 1.8).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that while the blood group A might have a role in increased susceptibility to the COVID-19 infection, the blood group O might be somewhat protective. However, once infected, blood group type does not seem to influence clinical outcome.},
}
@article {pmid32496723,
year = {2020},
author = {Walker, DM and Tolentino, VR},
title = {COVID-19: The impact on pediatric emergency care.},
journal = {Pediatric emergency medicine practice},
volume = {17},
number = {Suppl 6-1},
pages = {1-27},
pmid = {32496723},
issn = {1549-9669},
}
@article {pmid32496715,
year = {2020},
author = {Lvov, DK and Alkhovsky, SV and Kolobukhina, LV and Burtseva, EI},
title = {[Etiology of epidemic outbreaks COVID-19 on Wuhan, Hubei province, Chinese People Republic associated with 2019-nCoV (Nidovirales, Coronaviridae, Coronavirinae, Betacoronavirus, Subgenus Sarbecovirus): lessons of SARS-CoV outbreak.].},
journal = {Voprosy virusologii},
volume = {65},
number = {1},
pages = {6-15},
doi = {10.36233/0507-4088-2020-65-1-6-15},
pmid = {32496715},
issn = {2411-2097},
abstract = {Results of analysis of phylogenetic, virological, epidemiological, ecological, clinical data of COVID-19 outbreaks in Wuhan, China (PRC) in comparison with SARS-2002 and MERS-2012 outbreaks allow to conclude: - the etiological agent of COVID-19 is coronavirus (2019-CoV), phylogenetically close to the SARS-CoV, isolated from human, and SARS-related viruses isolated from bats (SARS-related bat CoV viruses). These viruses belong to the Sarbecovirus subgenus, Betacoronavirus genus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily, Coronaviridae family (Cornidovirinea: Nidovirales). COVID-19 is a variant of SARS-2002 and is different from MERS-2012 outbreak, which were caused by coronavirus belonged to the subgenus Merbecovirus of the same genus; - according to the results of phylogenetic analysis of 35 different betacoronaviruses, isolated from human and from wild animals in 2002-2019, the natural source of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV (2002) is bats of Rhinolophus genus (Rhinolophidae) and, probably, some species of other genera. An additional reservoir of the virus could be an intermediate animal species (snakes, civet, hedgehogs, badgers, etc.) that are infected by eating of infected bats. SARS-like coronaviruses circulated in bats in the interepidemic period (2003-2019); - seasonal coronaviruses (subgenus Duvinacovirus, Alphacoronavirus) are currently circulating (November 2019 - January 2020) in the European part of Russia, Urals, Siberia and the Far East of Russia, along with the influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and В, as well as six other respiratory viruses (HPIV, HAdV, HRSV, HRV, HBoV, and HMPV).},
}
@article {pmid32496707,
year = {2020},
author = {Grácio, S and Koçer, S},
title = {[Rehabilitation is crucial for severe COVID-19 survivors].},
journal = {Revue medicale suisse},
volume = {16},
number = {696},
pages = {1170-1173},
pmid = {32496707},
issn = {1660-9379},
abstract = {COVID-19 survivors can have serious complications from this viral infection, particularly respiratory and cardiovascular with severe asthenia and fatigue. Several studies have already demonstrated the benefit of early rehabilitation after the acute phase, especially in patients who have been in intensive care. The authors present a rehabilitation program including interdisciplinary care with simple and reproducible clinical criteria.},
}
@article {pmid32496658,
year = {2020},
author = {Moein, ST and Hashemian, SMR and Mansourafshar, B and Khorram-Tousi, A and Tabarsi, P and Doty, RL},
title = {Reply to: Psychophysical olfactory testing in COVID-19: Is smell function really impaired in nearly all patients?.},
journal = {International forum of allergy &amp; rhinology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/alr.22638},
pmid = {32496658},
issn = {2042-6984},
}
@article {pmid32496637,
year = {2020},
author = {Civantos, AM and Byrnes, Y and Chang, C and Prasad, A and Chorath, K and Poonia, SK and Jenks, CM and Bur, AM and Thakkar, P and Graboyes, EM and Seth, R and Trosman, S and Wong, A and Laitman, BM and Harris, BN and Shah, J and Stubbs, V and Choby, G and Long, Q and Rassekh, CH and Thaler, E and Rajasekaran, K},
title = {Mental health among otolaryngology resident and attending physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic: National study.},
journal = {Head &amp; neck},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/hed.26292},
pmid = {32496637},
issn = {1097-0347},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Otolaryngologists are among the highest risk for COVID-19 exposure.<br><br>METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, survey-based, national study evaluating academic otolaryngologists. Burnout, anxiety, distress, and depression were assessed by the single-item Mini-Z Burnout Assessment, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, 15-item Impact of Event Scale, and 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 349 physicians completed the survey. Of them, 165 (47.3%) were residents and 212 (60.7%) were males. Anxiety, distress, burnout, and depression were reported in 167 (47.9%), 210 (60.2%), 76 (21.8%), and 37 (10.6%) physicians, respectively. Attendings had decreased burnout relative to residents (odds ratio [OR] 0.28, confidence interval [CI] [0.11-0.68]; P = .005). Females had increased burnout (OR 1.93, CI [1.12.-3.32]; P = .018), anxiety (OR 2.53, CI [1.59-4.02]; P < .005), and distress (OR 2.68, CI [1.64-4.37]; P < .005). Physicians in states with greater than 20 000 positive cases had increased distress (OR 2.01, CI [1.22-3.31]; P = .006).<br><br>CONCLUSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of burnout, anxiety, and distress is high among academic otolaryngologists.},
}
@article {pmid32496625,
year = {2020},
author = {Cook, TM},
title = {Personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a reply.},
journal = {Anaesthesia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/anae.15158},
pmid = {32496625},
issn = {1365-2044},
}
@article {pmid32496622,
year = {2020},
author = {Murphy, JH},
title = {Personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comment.},
journal = {Anaesthesia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/anae.15145},
pmid = {32496622},
issn = {1365-2044},
}
@article {pmid32496602,
year = {2020},
author = {Petsonk, EL and Harber, P},
title = {Respiratory protection for health care workers: A 2020 COVID-19 perspective.},
journal = {American journal of industrial medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ajim.23144},
pmid = {32496602},
issn = {1097-0274},
abstract = {As the US health care system began to respond to the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, demand for respiratory personal protective equipment (PPE) increased precipitously, as did the number of users. This commentary discusses ensuing deviations from accepted respiratory PPE program practices, which potentially increased risk to health care workers. Such lapses included omitting user training and fit testing, provision of unapproved devices, and application of devices in settings and ways for which they were not intended. The temporary compromise of professionally accepted standards due to exigencies must not become the new normal. Rather, the current attention to PPE should be leveraged to enhance practice, motivate vital research, and strengthen professional, governmental, and institutional capabilities to control health care worker exposures to infectious hazards.},
}
@article {pmid32496587,
year = {2020},
author = {Radzikowska, U and Ding, M and Tan, G and Zhakparov, D and Peng, Y and Wawrzyniak, P and Wang, M and Li, S and Morita, H and Altunbulakli, C and Reiger, M and Neumann, AU and Lunjani, N and Traidl-Hoffmann, C and Nadeau, K and O'Mahony, L and Akdis, CA and Sokolowska, M},
title = {Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26 and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID-19 risk factors.},
journal = {Allergy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/all.14429},
pmid = {32496587},
issn = {1398-9995},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 caused by novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is accelerating worldwide and novel clinical presentations of COVID-19 are often reported. The range of human cells and tissues targeted by SARS-CoV-2, its potential receptors and associated regulating factors are still largely unknown. The aim of our study was to analyze the expression of known and potential SARS-CoV-2 receptors and related molecules in the extensive collection of primary human cells and tissues from healthy subjects of different age and from patients with risk factors and known comorbidities of COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: We performed RNA sequencing and explored available RNA-Seq databases to study gene expression and co-expression of ACE2, CD147 (BSG), CD26 (DPP4) and their direct and indirect molecular partners in primary human bronchial epithelial cells, bronchial and skin biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, NK cells, ILC1, ILC2, ILC3, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells and plasmablasts. We analyzed the material from healthy children and adults, and from adults in relation to their disease or COVID-19 risk factor status.<br><br>RESULTS: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were coexpressed at the epithelial sites of the lung and skin, whereas CD147 (BSG), cyclophilins (PPIA and PPIB), CD26 (DPP4) and related molecules were expressed in both, epithelium and in immune cells. We also observed a distinct age-related expression profile of these genes in the PBMCs and T cells from healthy children and adults. Asthma, COPD, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and male gender status generally led to the higher expression of ACE2- and CD147-related genes in the bronchial biopsy, BAL or blood. Additionally, CD147-related genes correlated positively with age and BMI. Interestingly, we also observed higher expression of ACE2- and CD147-related genes in the lesional skin of patients with atopic dermatitis.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest different receptor repertoire potentially involved in the SARS-CoV-2 infection at the epithelial barriers and in the immune cells. Altered expression of these receptors related with age, gender, obesity and smoking, as well as with the disease status might contribute to COVID-19 morbidity and severity patterns.},
}
@article {pmid32496583,
year = {2020},
author = {Piccolo, V and Neri, I and Manunza, F and Mazzatenta, C and Bassi, A},
title = {Chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic: should we really worry?.},
journal = {International journal of dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ijd.14993},
pmid = {32496583},
issn = {1365-4632},
}
@article {pmid32496578,
year = {2020},
author = {Kerber, AA and Soma, DB and Youssef, MJ},
title = {Chilblains-like dermatologic manifestation of COVID-19 diagnosed by serology via multidisciplinary virtual care.},
journal = {International journal of dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ijd.14974},
pmid = {32496578},
issn = {1365-4632},
}
@article {pmid32496574,
year = {2020},
author = {Ochiai, D and Kasuga, Y and Iida, M and Ikenoue, S and Tanaka, M},
title = {Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic obstetric patients in Tokyo, Japan.},
journal = {International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ijgo.13252},
pmid = {32496574},
issn = {1879-3479},
abstract = {Asymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is a major issue in healthcare settings, and management in perinatal wards requires particular caution. Located in central Tokyo as a tertiary center, Keio University Hospital implemented universal PCR testing on patients before admission starting April 6 2020, in response to a nosocomial outbreak of COVID-19. The present study reports a retrospective review of 52 obstetric patients universally tested for SARS-CoV-2 admitted to this hospital between April 6 and April 27, 2020.},
}
@article {pmid32496560,
year = {2020},
author = {Fischhoff, B},
title = {Making Decisions in a COVID-19 World.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.10178},
pmid = {32496560},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32496537,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, KN and Gao, S and Liu, L and He, J and Jiang, GN and He, J},
title = {Thoracic surgeons' insights: Improving thoracic surgery outcomes during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic.},
journal = {European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ejcts/ezaa214},
pmid = {32496537},
issn = {1873-734X},
}
@article {pmid32496536,
year = {2020},
author = {Dawson, L and Earl, J and Livezey, J},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 Human Challenge Trials: Too Risky, Too Soon.},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiaa314},
pmid = {32496536},
issn = {1537-6613},
}
@article {pmid32496534,
year = {2020},
author = {Sweid, A and Hammoud, B and Weinberg, JH and Oneissi, M and Raz, E and Shapiro, M and DePrince, M and Tjoumakaris, S and Gooch, MR and Herial, NA and Zarzour, H and Romo, V and Rosenwasser, RH and Jabbour, P},
title = {Letter: Thrombotic Neurovascular Disease in COVID-19 Patients.},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/neuros/nyaa254},
pmid = {32496534},
issn = {1524-4040},
}
@article {pmid32496531,
year = {2020},
author = {Metzl, JM and Maybank, A and De Maio, F},
title = {Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Need for a Structurally Competent Health Care System.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.9289},
pmid = {32496531},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32496528,
year = {2020},
author = {Bauchner, H and Fontanarosa, P},
title = {Thinking of Risk in the Era of COVID-19.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.10242},
pmid = {32496528},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32496527,
year = {2020},
author = {Lin, EE and Blumberg, TJ and Adler, AC and Fazal, FZ and Talwar, D and Ellingsen, K and Shah, AS},
title = {Incidence of COVID-19 in Pediatric Surgical Patients Among 3 US Children's Hospitals.},
journal = {JAMA surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jamasurg.2020.2588},
pmid = {32496527},
issn = {2168-6262},
}
@article {pmid32496524,
year = {2020},
author = {Dowling, MK and Kelly, RL},
title = {Policy Solutions for Reversing the Color-blind Public Health Response to COVID-19 in the US.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.10531},
pmid = {32496524},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32496518,
year = {2020},
author = {Pandey, AS and Daou, BJ and Tsai, JP and Zaidi, SF and Salahuddin, H and Gemmete, JJ and Oliver, MJ and Singer, J and Elder, TA and Mbabuike, N and Adel, JG and Gujrati, Y and Saleemi, MA and Siddiqui, FM and Elias, AE and Rehman, MF and Marin, H and Chebl, AB and Kole, M and Wilseck, JM and Kazmierczak, CD and Mick, JM and Majjhoo, AQ and Naravetla, BR and Rayes, M and Luqman, AW and Richards, BF and Kelkar, P and Burgess, R and Thompson, BG and Chaudhary, N and Mazaris, PA and Qahwash, O and Razak, MA and Jumaa, MA and , },
title = {Letter: COVID-19 Pandemic-The Bystander Effect on Stroke Care in Michigan.},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/neuros/nyaa252},
pmid = {32496518},
issn = {1524-4040},
}
@article {pmid32496515,
year = {2020},
author = {Xie, DX and Hillel, AT and Ward, BK},
title = {Otolaryngology Residency Match During the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Happens Next?.},
journal = {JAMA otolaryngology-- head &amp; neck surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jamaoto.2020.1078},
pmid = {32496515},
issn = {2168-619X},
}
@article {pmid32496506,
year = {2020},
author = {Patel, BK and Kress, JP and Hall, JB},
title = {Alternatives to Invasive Ventilation in the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.9611},
pmid = {32496506},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32496442,
year = {2020},
author = {Oymak, Y and Karapinar, TH and Devrim, İ},
title = {Why G6PD Deficiency Should Be Screened Before COVID-19 Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine?.},
journal = {Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/MPH.0000000000001864},
pmid = {32496442},
issn = {1536-3678},
}
@article {pmid32496430,
year = {2020},
author = {Boyer, TJ and Mitchell, SA and Cartwright, JF and Ahmed, RA},
title = {Innovative Use of High-Fidelity Lung Simulators to Test a Ventilator Splitter Device.},
journal = {A&amp;A practice},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {e01253},
doi = {10.1213/XAA.0000000000001253},
pmid = {32496430},
issn = {2575-3126},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly exposed health care system inadequacies. Hospital ventilator shortages in Italy compelled US physicians to consider creative solutions, such as using Y-pieces or T-pieces, to preclude the need to make decisions of life or death based on medical equipment availability. We add to current knowledge and testing capacity for ventilator splitters by reporting the ability to examine the functionality of ventilator splitters by using 2 high-fidelity lung simulators. Data obtained by the high-fidelity lung simulators included: tidal volume, respiratory rate, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory pressure, peak plateau pressure, and positive end-expiratory pressure.},
}
@article {pmid32496429,
year = {2020},
author = {Ibrahim, M and Khan, E and Babazade, R and Simon, M and Vadhera, R},
title = {Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Barrier Enclosure Techniques in Protection of Healthcare Workers During Tracheal Intubation and Extubation.},
journal = {A&amp;A practice},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {e01252},
doi = {10.1213/XAA.0000000000001252},
pmid = {32496429},
issn = {2575-3126},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has created serious challenges to anesthesiologists. As hospitalized patients' respiratory function deteriorates, many will require endotracheal intubation. Airway management of infected patients risks aerosolization of viral-loaded droplets that pose serious hazards to the anesthesiologist and all health care personnel present. The addition of an enclosure barrier during airway management minimizes the hazard by entrapping the droplets and possibly the aerosols within an enclosed space adding additional protection for health care workers. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different barrier enclosure techniques during tracheal intubation and extubation.},
}
@article {pmid32496422,
year = {2020},
author = {Yuan, M and Xu, X and Xia, D and Tao, Z and Yin, W and Tan, W and Hu, Y and Song, C},
title = {Effects of Corticosteroid Treatment for Non-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Propensity Score-Based Analysis.},
journal = {Shock (Augusta, Ga.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SHK.0000000000001574},
pmid = {32496422},
issn = {1540-0514},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The effects of corticosteroid treatment on non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients are unknown. To determine the impacts of adjuvant corticosteroid administrated to patients with non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia.<br><br>METHOD: A retrospective cohort study based on propensity score analysis was designed to explore the effects of corticosteroid on several clinical outcomes.<br><br>RESULTS: 132 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and 35 pairs were generated according to propensity score matching. Compared to non-corticosteroid group, the CT score on day 7 was significantly higher in corticosteroid group (8.6 (IQR, 2.8-11.5) versus 12.0 (IQR, 5.0-19.3), P = 0.046). In corticosteroid group, more patients progressed to severe cases (11.4% versus 2.9%, P = 0.353), hospital stay (23.5 days (IQR, 19-29 d) versus 20.2 days (IQR, 14-25.3 d), P = 0.079) and duration of viral shedding (20.3 days (IQR, 15.2-24.8 d) versus 19.4 days (IQR, 11.5-28.3 d), P = 0.669) were prolonged, while fever time (9.5 days (IQR, 6.5-12.2 d) versus 10.2 days (IQR, 6.8-14 d), P = 0.28) was shortened, however all these data revealed no statistically significant differences.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Corticosteroid might have a negative effect on lung injury recovery in non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients, however the results of this study must be interpreted with caution because of confounding factors.},
}
@article {pmid32496414,
year = {2020},
author = {Brown, H and Preston, D and Bhoja, R},
title = {Thinking outside the Box: A Low-cost and Pragmatic Alternative to Aerosol Boxes for Endotracheal Intubation of COVID-19 Patients.},
journal = {Anesthesiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/ALN.0000000000003422},
pmid = {32496414},
issn = {1528-1175},
}
@article {pmid32496407,
year = {2020},
author = {Somekh, E and Gleyzer, A and Heller, E and Lopian, M and Kashani-Ligumski, L and Czeiger, S and Schindler, Y and Lessing, JB and Stein, M},
title = {The Role of Children in the Dynamics of Intra Family Coronavirus 2019 Spread in Densely Populated Area.},
journal = {The Pediatric infectious disease journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/INF.0000000000002783},
pmid = {32496407},
issn = {1532-0987},
abstract = {We examined the dynamics of coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) transmission within families. Our investigation demonstrated significantly lower rates of Covid-19 positivity in children compared with adults residing in the same household. Children of 5-17 years of age were 61% and children of 0-4 years of age were 47% less likely to have positive polymerase chain reaction results compared with adults residing in the same household.},
}
@article {pmid32496395,
year = {2020},
author = {Ali, MJ},
title = {Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Lacrimal Practice: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Nasal Endoscopy and Dacryoendoscopy.},
journal = {Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/IOP.0000000000001756},
pmid = {32496395},
issn = {1537-2677},
}
@article {pmid32496394,
year = {2020},
author = {Ali, MJ},
title = {A Surgical Protocol to Mitigate the SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Using Multifocal Povidone-Iodine Applications in Lacrimal Surgeries During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.},
journal = {Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/IOP.0000000000001746},
pmid = {32496394},
issn = {1537-2677},
}
@article {pmid32496369,
year = {2020},
author = {Mackenzie, EL and Poore, SO},
title = {&quot;Slowing the Spread and Minimizing the Impact of COVID-19: Lessons from the Past and Recommendations for the Plastic Surgeon&quot;.},
journal = {Plastic and reconstructive surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/PRS.0000000000007221},
pmid = {32496369},
issn = {1529-4242},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19, a novel coronavirus originating in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly throughout the globe over 3 months. On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. COVID-19 represents a nearly unprecedented threat to both the public health and the durability of our healthcare systems and will profoundly affect the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery. The objective of this paper is to provide a natural history of COVID-19 - including virology, epidemiology and transmission patterns - and a guide for plastic surgeons regarding patient and resource management.<br><br>METHODS: The authors reviewed existing literature regarding COVID-19, both primary research and secondary reviews, via PubMed queries, and recommendations from relevant professional organizations (e.g., American College of Surgeons and American Society of Plastic Surgeons). The literature and recommendations were summarized to provide a specific guide for plastic surgeons.<br><br>RESULTS: Internationally, over 5.7 million cases and 357,000 deaths from COVID-19 have been reported at time of writing. No pharmacological treatments have been identified, but epidemiological strategies were identified to prevent viral spread, preserve healthcare resources, and protect patients and surgeons globally. Specific recommendations for plastic and reconstructive surgeons include postponing elective cases and transitioning to telecommunication platforms for patient consultations and education.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 represents a nearly unprecedented threat to the public health and the durability of healthcare systems in the contemporary era. While plastic and reconstructive surgery may seem relatively remote from the pandemic in direct patient care and exposure, our field can significantly enhance healthcare resource management.},
}
@article {pmid32496364,
year = {2020},
author = {Shyh, GI and Nawarskas, JJ and Cheng-Lai, A},
title = {Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Friend or Foe?.},
journal = {Cardiology in review},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {213-216},
doi = {10.1097/CRD.0000000000000319},
pmid = {32496364},
issn = {1538-4683},
abstract = {When the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wreaked an unprecedented havoc of an escalating number of deaths and hospitalization in the United States, clinicians were faced with a myriad of unanswered questions, one of the them being the implication of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with COVID-19. Animal data and human studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) increase the expression of ACE2. ACE2 is an enzyme found in the heart, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, and lung and is a coreceptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. Therefore, one can speculate that discontinuing ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy may lead to decreased ACE2 expression, thereby attenuating the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, and mitigating the disease progression of COVID-19. However, several studies have also shown that ACE2 exhibits reno- and cardioprotection and preserves lung function in acute respiratory distress syndrome, which would favor ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy. This article is to examine and summarize the 2 opposing viewpoints and provide guideline recommendations to support the use or discontinuation of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in patients with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32496357,
year = {2020},
author = {Yi, SG and Rogers, AW and Saharia, A and Aoun, M and Faour, R and Abdelrahim, M and Knight, RJ and Grimes, K and Bullock, S and Hobeika, M and McMillan, R and Mobley, C and Moaddab, M and Huang, HJ and Bhimaraj, A and Ghobrial, RM and Gaber, AO},
title = {Early Experience With COVID-19 and Solid Organ Transplantation at a US High-volume Transplant Center.},
journal = {Transplantation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/TP.0000000000003339},
pmid = {32496357},
issn = {1534-6080},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) poses unique challenges for immunosuppressed patients. Solid organ transplant recipients (SOT) comprise a large proportion of this group, yet there is limited knowledge about the presentation, clinical course and immunosuppression management of this novel infection among heart, lung, liver, pancreas and kidney transplant recipients.<br><br>METHODS: We present 21 SOT diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020 - April 22, 2020 at a US high-volume transplant center. Diagnostic workup, clinical course, immunosuppression/antiviral management and immediate outcomes are described.<br><br>RESULTS: Twenty-one (15.9%) of 132 symptomatic patients tested were positive. Mean age at diagnosis was 54.8 ± 10.9 years. Median time from transplant was 5.58 years (IQR 2.25, 7.33). Median follow-up was 18 days (IQR 13, 30). Fourteen patients required inpatient management, with 7 (50%) placed in the intensive care unit (ICU). All transplant types were represented. Nearly 43% exhibited GI symptoms. Over half (56.2%) presented with elevated serum creatinine suggestive of acute kidney injury. The majority of patients (5/7) with concomitant infections at baseline required the ICU. Eighty-percent received hydroxychloroquine ± azithromycin. Ten received toclizumab and/or ribavirin; 1 received remdesivir. Antimetabolites ± calcineurin inhibitors were held or reduced. Over half of hospitalized patients (8/14) were discharged home. Only 1 mortality (4.8%) to date, in a critically-ill heart/kidney patient who had been in the ICU prior to diagnosis.<br><br>CONCLUSION: COVID-19 positive SOT at our institution had favorable short-term outcomes. Those with concomitant infections had more severe illness. More data will be available to evaluate long-term outcomes and disease impact on graft function.},
}
@article {pmid32496340,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, X and Tang, C and Tian, D and Hou, X and Yang, Y},
title = {Management of Digestive Disorders and Procedures Associated With COVID-19.},
journal = {The American journal of gastroenterology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.14309/ajg.0000000000000728},
pmid = {32496340},
issn = {1572-0241},
}
@article {pmid32496339,
year = {2020},
author = {McNabb-Baltar, J and Jin, DX and Grover, AS and Redd, WD and Zhou, JC and Hathorn, KE and McCarty, TR and Bazarbashi, AN and Shen, L and Chan, WW},
title = {Lipase Elevation in Patients With COVID-19.},
journal = {The American journal of gastroenterology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.14309/ajg.0000000000000732},
pmid = {32496339},
issn = {1572-0241},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Although coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been associated with gastrointestinal manifestations, its effect on the pancreas remains unclear. We aimed to assess the frequency and characteristics of hyperlipasemia in patients with COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients across 6 US centers with COVID-19.<br><br>RESULTS: Of 71 patients, 9 (12.1%) developed hyperlipasemia, with 2 (2.8%) greater than 3 times upper limit of normal. No patient developed acute pancreatitis. Hyperlipasemia was not associated with poor outcomes or symptoms.<br><br>DISCUSSION: Although a mild elevation in serum lipase was observed in some patients with COVID-19, clinical acute pancreatitis was not seen.},
}
@article {pmid32496337,
year = {2020},
author = {Goldfarb, IT and Clapp, MA and Soffer, MD and Shook, LL and Rushfirth, K and Edlow, AG and Boatin, AA and Kaimal, AJ and Barth, WH and Bryant, AS},
title = {Prevalence and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Illness in Symptomatic Pregnant and Postpartum Women Stratified by Hispanic Ethnicity.},
journal = {Obstetrics and gynecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/AOG.0000000000004005},
pmid = {32496337},
issn = {1873-233X},
}
@article {pmid32496292,
year = {2020},
author = {O'Brien, BC and Teherani, A and Boscardin, CK and O'Sullivan, PS},
title = {Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events.},
journal = {Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/ACM.0000000000003535},
pmid = {32496292},
issn = {1938-808X},
abstract = {When extreme events occur some research becomes a clear priority, but what becomes of all other research? Does it stop indefinitely, or can it be paused with plans to resume, persist with modifications, or pivot to address new priorities? Facing this dilemma and witnessing it among their fellow health professions education researchers, the authors recognized a need for guidance. This commentary presents a framework, organized as key questions related to the research stage and process, to assist health professions education researchers in making decisions about how to proceed with research that was planned or in progress when an extreme event occurred. Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research-many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality.},
}
@article {pmid32496284,
year = {2020},
author = {An, TW and Henry, JK and Igboechi, O and Wang, P and Yerrapragada, A and Lin, CA and Paiement, GD},
title = {How Are Orthopaedic Surgery Residencies Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Assessment of Resident Experiences in Cities of Major Virus Outbreak.},
journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00397},
pmid = {32496284},
issn = {1940-5480},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In response to COVID-19, American medical centers have enacted elective case restrictions, markedly affecting the training of orthopaedic residents. Residencies must develop new strategies to provide patient care while ensuring the health and continued education of trainees. We aimed to describe the evolving impact of COVID-19 on orthopaedic surgery residents.<br><br>METHODS: We surveyed five Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited orthopaedic residency programs within cities highly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic about clinical and curricular changes. An online questionnaire surveyed individual resident experiences related to COVID-19.<br><br>RESULTS: One hundred twenty-one resident survey responses were collected. Sixty-five percent of the respondents have cared for a COVID-19-positive patient. One in three reported being unable to obtain institutionally recommended personal protective equipment during routine clinical work. All programs have discontinued elective orthopaedic cases and restructured resident rotations. Most have shifted schedules to periods of active clinical duty followed by periods of remote work and self-isolation. Didactic education has continued via videoconferencing.<br><br>DISCUSSION: COVID-19 has caused unprecedented changes to orthopaedic training; however, residents remain on the front lines of inpatient care. Exposures to COVID-19 are prevalent and residents have fallen ill. Programs currently use a variety of strategies to provide essential orthopaedic care. We recommend continued prioritization of resident safety and necessary training accommodations.},
}
@article {pmid32496270,
year = {2020},
author = {Sharma, P and Sharma, S and Singh, N},
title = {COVID-19: Endangering women's mental and reproductive health.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S251-S252},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_498_20},
pmid = {32496270},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496269,
year = {2020},
author = {Uvais, NA and Nalakath, MJ and Shihabudheen, P and Hafi, NAB and Rasmina, V and Salman, CA},
title = {Psychological distress during COVID-19 among Malayalam-speaking Indian expats in the middle east.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S249-S250},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_475_20},
pmid = {32496269},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496268,
year = {2020},
author = {Manoj, K},
title = {Wastewater monitoring and public health surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S247-S248},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_490_20},
pmid = {32496268},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496267,
year = {2020},
author = {Sousa, A and Karia, S},
title = {Telepsychiatry during COVID-19: Some clinical, public health, and ethical dilemmas.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S245-S246},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_511_20},
pmid = {32496267},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496266,
year = {2020},
author = {Saraya, A},
title = {Indian response to COVID-19: Expertise and transparency.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S243-S244},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_504_20},
pmid = {32496266},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496265,
year = {2020},
author = {Singh, G and Srinivas, G and Jyothi, EK and Gayatri, LK and Gaitonde, R and Soman, B},
title = {Containing the first outbreak of COVID-19 in a healthcare setting in India: The sree chitra experience.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S240-S242},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_483_20},
pmid = {32496265},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The response to the first health worker case in India and novel strategies adopted in the context of evolving pandemic of COVID-19 is presented here. On the same day of confirmation, institutional COVID cell was established, and contact tracing was started. A total of 184 contacts were identified and quarantined. Hospital services were scaled down, and responsibilities were reassigned. In-house digital platforms were used for daily meetings, contact tracing, line listing, risk stratification, and research. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-based severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV2 testing facility was established in the institute. All high-risk contacts were given hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis. No secondary cases were found. Hospital preparedness, participatory decision-making through institutional COVID cell, optimal use of in-house digital platforms, and coordination with the state health department and national bodies, including Indian Council of Medical Research, were the supporting factors. Rapidly evolving guidelines, trepidation about the disease, logistic delays, and lack of support systems for people under quarantine were the challenges in the containment exercise.},
}
@article {pmid32496264,
year = {2020},
author = {Singh, H and Sharma, S},
title = {Concerns of Frontline Doctors in India during COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S237-S239},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_472_20},
pmid = {32496264},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {A rapid cross-sectional survey was conducted across India among frontline allopathic doctors to know their prime concerns. Four hundred and five responses were received from 16 states and 3 union territories. Among doctors working in COVID-dedicated hospitals, 56.18% are formally trained for the same, and 40.5% of these are satisfied with the training. 47.3% of these have personal protective equipment (PPE) kits, 35.1% have no PPE kits, and 17.6% are not aware of their availability. 31.1% of doctors reported attending to COVID suspects without PPE. 58.1% of institutions have a dedicated task force, 20.3% do not, whereas 21.6% of doctors are not aware of such a task force. Only 21.6% of the participants consider their institution to be fully prepared for COVID. After performing COVID duties, 45.9% are being provided with an alternative place of stay, whereas only 16.2% have been quarantined. In non-COVID institutions, 82.4% of doctors are using protective gear, of these 35.2% procured them on their own.},
}
@article {pmid32496263,
year = {2020},
author = {Mishra, V},
title = {Factors affecting the adoption of telemedicine during COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S234-S236},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_480_20},
pmid = {32496263},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has put restriction of travel, and social distancing has become a new normal. This outbreak of the pandemic has made telemedicine more relevant than ever. The objective of this study is to identify the factors affecting the rate of adoption of telemedicine and effect of the COVID-19 on these factors. The research develops five hypotheses to test the influence of a disease outbreak on the rate of telemedicine adoption. The method used for the study is the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the sampling method used for the study is purposive sampling. The respondents were taken from a multispecialty clinic in North India and the sample size for the study is 43. The study concludes that patients are seeing more value in the use of telemedicine during COVID-19. They are more willing to experiment with telemedicine and are not intimidated by the technology related to telemedicine.},
}
@article {pmid32496262,
year = {2020},
author = {Prinja, S and Pandav, CS},
title = {Economics of COVID-19: challenges and the way forward for health policy during and after the pandemic.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S231-S233},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_524_20},
pmid = {32496262},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The emergence of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic provides unique challenges for health system. While on the one hand, the government has to struggle with the strategies for control of COVID-19, on the other hand, other routine health services also need to be managed. Second, the infrastructure needs to be augmented to meet the potential epidemic surge of cases. Third, economic welfare and household income need to be guaranteed. All of these have complicated the routine ways in which the governments have dealt with various trade-offs to determine the health and public policies. In this paper, we outline key economic principles for the government to consider for policymaking, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic rightfully places long due attention of policymakers for investing in health sector. The policy entrepreneurs and public health community should not miss this once-in-a-lifetime &quot;policy window&quot; to raise the level of advocacy for appropriate investment in health sector.},
}
@article {pmid32496261,
year = {2020},
author = {Kodali, PB and Hense, S and Kopparty, S and Kalapala, GR and Haloi, B},
title = {How Indians responded to the Arogya Setu app?.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S228-S230},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_499_20},
pmid = {32496261},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The mHealth app Arogya Setu can substantially contribute to the containment and management of COVID-19. This study explores the experiences and expectations of Arogya Setu app users by conducting a combined content analysis of their reviews. Five hundred and three most relevant reviews were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The reviews are primarily posted in the areas of user acceptance (80%), app usefulness (72.8%), and app features (62.2%). The thematic analysis resulted in four themes: user acceptance, app usefulness, promptness of the Indian Government in bringing the app on time, and concerns and cautions raised by the users. These help in strengthening the app features enabling the real-time data capture and analytics and providing timely information to authorities for better decision-making.},
}
@article {pmid32496260,
year = {2020},
author = {Supehia, S and Singh, V and Sharma, T and Khapre, M and Gupta, PK},
title = {Rational use of face mask in a tertiary care hospital setting during COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S225-S227},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_493_20},
pmid = {32496260},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Masks play a role in the protection of health-care workers (HCWs) from acquiring respiratory infections, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in health-care settings. This observational study was conducted among 382 HCWs in a tertiary care setting over a period of 1 month. Descriptive analysis was done to assess the rational and recommended use of masks/respirators during COVID-19 pandemic using a structured observation checklist as a survey tool. A total of 374 HCWs were included, 64.9% of whom were using face masks rationally as mentioned per risk area categorization with a predominance of triple-layered mask during all 4 weeks. Overall, 64.1% used masks correctly. Clear guidelines and strategies can help to increase the compliance of HCWs with rational use of face masks.},
}
@article {pmid32496259,
year = {2020},
author = {Mishra, V and Burma, AD and Das, SK and Parivallal, MB and Amudhan, S and Rao, GN},
title = {COVID-19-Hospitalized Patients in Karnataka: Survival and Stay Characteristics.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S221-S224},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_486_20},
pmid = {32496259},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The information on the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its correlates which are essential to assess the hospital care needs of the population are currently limited. We investigated the factors associated with hospital stay and death for COVID-19 patients for the entire state of Karnataka, India. A retrospective-cohort analysis was conducted on 445 COVID-19 patients that were reported in the publicly available media-bulletin from March 9, 2020, to April 23, 2020, for the Karnataka state. This fixed cohort was followed till 14 days (May 8, 2020) for definitive outcomes (death/discharge). The median length of hospital stay was 17 days (interquartile range: 15-20) for COVID-19 patients. Having severe disease at the time of admission (adjusted-hazard-ratio: 9.3 (3.2-27.3);P < 0.001) and being aged ≥ 60 years (adjusted-hazard-ratio: 11.9 (3.5-40.6);P < 0.001) were the significant predictors of COVID-19 mortality. By moving beyond descriptive (which provide only crude information) to survival analyses, information on the local hospital-related characteristics will be crucial to model bed-occupancy demands for contingency planning during COVID-19 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32496258,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahima, BN and Tiwari, HK and Mahapatra, P and Amudhan, S and Rao, GN},
title = {COVID-19 epidemiology: Through the eyes of vernacular newspapers.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S217-S220},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_485_20},
pmid = {32496258},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Media plays an indispensable role in society to influence health literacy. To document COVID-19 coverage in Kannada daily newspapers, hardcopies of 455 editions were methodically reviewed. Content analysis and data coding of 11 of the possible 60 terms/concepts related to COVID-19 epidemiology, was undertaken. Across dailies, five different dimensions in reporting documented: reporting of statistics - both numbers and manner of reporting, reporting of epidemiological concepts/terms (frequency of use and frequency of reporting), focus of reporting, density of reporting and finally what is not reported which could have been reported (desirable reporting). Numbers were reported as headlines; >25% of listed items were covered; however, 20% of terms not covered would have helped. We looked at &quot;News&quot; as epidemiological information and identified the gaps in reporting. We conclude that vernacular print media in Karnataka has done a commendable job. A media communication plan is urgently needed.},
}
@article {pmid32496257,
year = {2020},
author = {Neogi, SB and Preetha, GS},
title = {Assessing health systems' responsiveness in tackling COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S211-S216},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_471_20},
pmid = {32496257},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Health systems' responsiveness is the key to addressing infectious disease threats such as pandemics. The article outlines an assessment of health systems based on World Health Organization's building blocks for select countries. It also compares these with the findings from a more comprehensive analysis of Global Health Security (GHS) Index, which assesses the preparedness of the health system for such pandemics. The GHS report (2019) spelt out very objectively that none of the countries of the world was prepared to effectively handle such emergencies, should they arise. Observations emerging from different countries highlight these findings although some of them seem to be discordant. Overall, it appears that Asian countries could fight the battle better than most developed nations in the Europe and America during the current pandemic, despite having poor GHS scores. Experiences of these countries in facing similar crisis in the past probably sensitized their strained health systems for a greater good. There are several lessons to be learned from such countries.},
}
@article {pmid32496256,
year = {2020},
author = {Dkhar, SA and Quansar, R and Saleem, SM and Khan, SMS},
title = {Knowledge, attitude, and practices related to COVID-19 pandemic among social media users in J&amp;K, India.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S205-S210},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_469_20},
pmid = {32496256},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: A series of measures have been suggested to reduce Covid-19 infection, including knowledge training for prevention and control, isolation, disinfection, classified protections at different degrees in infection areas, and protection of confirmed cases.<br><br>Objectives: We conducted this study with an aim to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among the general population regarding COVID-19.<br><br>Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out by the Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar in the month of April 2020. The questionnaire had four segments to collect data regarding social-demographic details, knowledge regarding Covid-19, attitude and practice based questions. The questionnaire was shared via social media applications like face book and Whatsapp to reach the target population. Continuous variables were summarized as frequency and percentage. All the analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2016. Among participants who responded, 1252 (82%) were in the age group of 18-40 years and 912 (60%) from urban areas.<br><br>Results: A total of 934 (61%) respondents had heard details on COVID-19 from the social media, 1358 (89%) knew all ways of coronavirus transmission, 602 (40%) felt that COVID-19 is a serious disease, 1184 (78%) responded that they totally agree with the lockdown decision, and 1296 (85%) responded that lockdown is helping in reducing the number of cases. The majority, i.e. 1318 (87%), followed advisories and reported washing hands with soap and water regularly, 1108 (73%) reported regularly wearing masks, 1344 (89%) reported following lockdown guidelines, and 1306 (87%) reported maintaining social distancing. The respondents exhibited good knowledge, positive attitude, and sensible practices regarding COVID-19.<br><br>Conclusion: Our study showed that the respondents have exhibited good knowledge, positive attitude and sensible practices regarding covid-19 during the pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32496255,
year = {2020},
author = {Chandu, VC and Pachava, S and Vadapalli, V and Marella, Y},
title = {Development and Initial Validation of the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S201-S204},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_492_20},
pmid = {32496255},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: Safeguarding the psychological well-being of the public is also an integral component of fighting COVID-19. However, there is limited availability of psychometric measures to document COVID-19-related anxiety among the general public.<br><br>Objectives: This study was aimed at developing a validated scale to measure COVID-19-related anxiety.<br><br>Methods: Three hundred and seven subjects from different gender, educational categories participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis for the determination of factor structure, Pearson's correlation test, and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA were employed in data analysis using SPSS version 20 software.<br><br>Results: COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) demonstrated a two-component structure identified as: &quot;fear of social interaction;&quot; &quot;illness anxiety.&quot; The final scale with seven items demonstrated good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's Alpha 0.736). CAS exhibited good construct validity showing moderately negative correlation (Pearson's r = -0.417) with the self-rated mental health and resulted in higher scores among individuals with lower educational qualification (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA χ2 [2, 303] = 38.01; P = 0.001).<br><br>Conclusion: CAS is a rapidly administrable, valid, and reliable tool that can be used to measure COVID-19-related anxiety among the Indian population.},
}
@article {pmid32496254,
year = {2020},
author = {Aggarwal, N and Dwarakanathan, V and Gautam, N and Ray, A},
title = {Facemasks for prevention of viral respiratory infections in community settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S192-S200},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_470_20},
pmid = {32496254},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: There is paucity of evidence on the effectiveness of facemask use in COVID-19 in community settings.<br><br>Objectives: We aimed to estimate the effectiveness of facemask use alone or along with hand hygiene in community settings in reducing the transmission of viral respiratory illness.<br><br>Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for randomized controlled trials on facemask use in community settings to prevent viral respiratory illnesses published up to April 25, 2020. Two independent reviewers were involved in synthesis of data. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were done in a standard format from the selected studies. Outcome data for clinically diagnosed or self-reported influenza-like illness (ILI) was recorded from individual studies. Pooled effect size was estimated by random-effects model for &quot;facemask only versus control&quot; and &quot;facemask plus hand hygiene versus control.&quot;<br><br>Results: Of the 465 studies from PubMed and 437 studies from Embase identified from our search, 9 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and 8 studies in quantitative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed as low (n = 4), medium (n = 3), or high (n = 1) risk. Interventions included using a triple-layered mask alone or in combination with hand hygiene. Publication bias was not significant. There was no significant reduction in ILI either with facemask alone (n = 5, pooled effect size: -0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.43-0.10; P = 0.23; I2 = 10.9%) or facemask with handwash (n = 6, pooled effect size: (n=6, pooled effect size: -0.09; 95% CI: -0.58 to 0.40; P = 0.71, I2 = 69.4%).<br><br>Conclusion: : Existing data pooled from randomized controlled trials do not reveal a reduction in occurrence of ILI with the use of facemask alone in community settings.},
}
@article {pmid32496253,
year = {2020},
author = {Bhaskar, A and Ponnuraja, C and Srinivasan, R and Padmanaban, S},
title = {Distribution and growth rate of COVID-19 outbreak in Tamil Nadu: A log-linear regression approach.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S188-S191},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_502_20},
pmid = {32496253},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: Most of the countries are affected with the pandemic outbreak of the coronavirus infection. Understanding the severity and distribution in various regions will help in planning the controlling measures.<br><br>Objectives: The objective was to assess the distribution and growth rate of COVID-19 infection in Tamil Nadu, India.<br><br>Methods: The data on the number of infections of COVID-19 have been obtained from the media reports released by the Government of Tamil Nadu. The data contain information on the incidence of the disease for the first 41 days of the outbreak started on March 7, 2020. Log-linear model has been used to estimate the progression of the COVID-19 infection in Tamil Nadu. Separate models were employed to model the growth rate and decay rate of the disease. Spatial Poisson regression was used to identify the high-risk areas in the state.<br><br>Results: : The models estimated the doubling time for the number of cases in growth phase as 3.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.70, 9.42) days and halving time in the decay phase as 12.08 (95% CI: 6.79, 54.78) days. The estimated median reproduction numbers were 1.88 (min = 1.09, max = 2.51) and 0.76 (min = 0.56, max = 0.99) in the growth and decay phases, respectively. The spatial Poisson regression identified 11 districts as high risk.<br><br>Conclusion: The results indicate that the outbreak is showing decay in the number of infections of the disease which highlights the effectiveness of controlling measures.},
}
@article {pmid32496252,
year = {2020},
author = {Tambe, MP and Parande, MA and Tapare, VS and Borle, PS and Lakde, RN and Shelke, SC and , },
title = {An epidemiological study of laboratory confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Pune, Maharashtra.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S183-S187},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_522_20},
pmid = {32496252},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: India has reported more than 70,000 cases and 2000 deaths. Pune is the second city in the Maharashtra state after Mumbai to breach the 1000 cases. Total deaths reported from Pune were 158 with a mortality of 5.7%. To plan health services, it is important to learn lessons from early stage of the outbreak on course of the disease in a hospital setting.<br><br>Objectives: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak of COVID-19 in India from a tertiary care hospital.<br><br>Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study which included all admitted laboratory confirmed COVID19 cases from March 31, to April 24, 2020. The information was collected in a predesigned pro forma which included sociodemographic data, duration of stay, family background, outcome, etc., by trained staff after ethics approval. Epi Info7 was used for data analysis.<br><br>Results: Out of the total 197 cases, majority cases were between the ages of 31-60 years with slight male preponderance. Majority of these cases were from the slums. Breathlessness was the main presenting symptom followed by fever and cough. More than 1/5th of patients were asymptomatic from exposure to admission. The case fatality rate among the admitted cases was 29.4%. Comorbidity was one of the significant risk factors for the progression of disease and death (odds ratio [OR] = 16.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.0 - 40.1, P < 0.0001).<br><br>Conclusion: Mortality was higher than the national average of 3.2%; comorbidity was associated with bad prognosis.},
}
@article {pmid32496251,
year = {2020},
author = {Meghwal, B and Behera, S and Dhariwal, AC and Saxena, D and Singh, R and Kumar, S},
title = {Insights from COVID-19 cluster containment in Bhilwara District, Rajasthan.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S177-S182},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_489_20},
pmid = {32496251},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: In March 2020, a healthcare professional from a renowned private hospital, in the textile city of Bhilwara, Rajasthan, reported clustering of cases of pneumonia amongst doctors and paramedical staff suspected to be due to COVID-19. The basis of suspicion was clinico-eco-epidemiologic-radiological findings as, by that time, about 20 COVID19 cases were reported from the state of Rajasthan including a big Italian group of tourists who travelled extensively in Rajasthan, including Udaipur city.<br><br>Objectives: The current study presents the field experience of the Central and the State Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) in the cluster containment at Bhilwara. Methods: The information regarding the sociodemographic profile of the cases was provided by the Senior Medical Officer In-charge. The containment strategy was modeled under 6 pillars. Google Maps was used for preparing spot map.<br><br>Results: Immediate public health actions of cluster containment including contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation were initiated using epidemiological approach of mapping the cluster and taking care of reservoir of infection by the District Public Health Team supported by Multidisciplinary Rapid Response Team. This was supplemented by strict enforcement of lock down in the District taking care of daily need of the community by the leadership of administration with very strong intersectoral co-ordination (locally called &quot;ruthless containment&quot;).<br><br>Conclusion: The forthcoming challenge resides in re-establishment of inter-district and inter-state travel, which can become a risk of re-entry of the new cases, which needs to be taken care of, with the help of stringent administrative measures and screening at all points of entry. The team in Bhilwara needs to remain vigilant to pick up any imported cases early before local transmission establishes.},
}
@article {pmid32496250,
year = {2020},
author = {Balhara, YPS and Kattula, D and Singh, S and Chukkali, S and Bhargava, R},
title = {Impact of lockdown following COVID-19 on the gaming behavior of college students.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S172-S176},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_465_20},
pmid = {32496250},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: The uncertainty about the impact of the lockdown in wake of COVID-19 on their future academic and carrier prospects, besides other concerns; makes college students, particularly vulnerable to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gaming has been recognized as a coping mechanism against stress in the previously published literature.<br><br>Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the gaming behavior of college students during the lockdown following COVID-19.<br><br>Methods: Data were collected from a cohort of students that constituted the sampling frame of an ongoing project. A total of 393 college students were enrolled. All the eligible students were subsequently contacted through E-mail and WhatsApp messenger and invited to share the details.<br><br>Results: About half (50.8%) of the participants reported that their gaming behavior had increased, whereas 14.6% reported a decrease in their gaming during the lockdown period. In binary logistic regression analysis, hours of gaming per day (odds ratio [OR] 1.75 [1.29-2.36]), increase in gaming due to examination related stress (OR 4.96 [1.12-21.98]), and belief that gaming helps managing stress (OR 4.27 [1.65-11.04]), were found to be independently associated with gaming behavior during lockdown period.<br><br>Conclusion: In the lockdown period following COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in gaming behavior was associated with examination-related stress and the belief that gaming helps combat stress. These observations highlight the need to focus on the coping style of the students to ascertain the likelihood of them engaging in gaming behavior as a coping mechanism against stress.},
}
@article {pmid32496249,
year = {2020},
author = {Mukherjee, K},
title = {COVID-19 and lockdown: Insights from Mumbai.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S168-S171},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_508_20},
pmid = {32496249},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: Mumbai is facing the full brunt of the COVID-19 pandemic epidemiologically and economically.<br><br>Objectives: The objective was to understand the spatial distribution and trends of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Mumbai during the lockdown period and draw insights for effective actions.<br><br>Methods: Spatial and trend analysis was conducted to trace the spread of the virus during the lockdown period in April 2020. The administrative divisions of Mumbai, in the form of wards and zones, have been used as units of analysis.<br><br>Results: Greater Mumbai area occupies only 0.015% of the landmass of India, but is contributing to over 20% of the SARS-CoV-2 cases in India. Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections have increased over 375 times within 50 days of the lockdown. An analysis of trends across the wards during the 3-week period (April 4 to April 25) shows a skewed pattern, with three zones out of six contributing to the vast majority of cases in Mumbai. The wards with higher formal economic activity are relatively less affected than the other wards. The test positivity rate in Mumbai is much higher than the rest of India.<br><br>Conclusion: The study suggests that the virus had already spread to the community in Mumbai before the lockdown started.},
}
@article {pmid32496248,
year = {2020},
author = {Lahiri, A and Jha, SS and Bhattacharya, S and Ray, S and Chakraborty, A},
title = {Effectiveness of preventive measures against COVID-19: A systematic review of In Silico modeling studies in indian context.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S156-S167},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_464_20},
pmid = {32496248},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: In the absence of any approved treatment or vaccine against novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) are the cornerstone to prevent the disease, especially in a populous country like India.<br><br>Objectives: To understand the effectiveness of NPIs reported in the contemporary literatures describing prediction models for prevention of the ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 specifically in Indian population.<br><br>Methods: Original research articles in English obtained through keyword search in PubMed, WHO Global Database for COVID19, and pre-print servers were included in the review. Thematic synthesis of extracted data from articles were done.<br><br>Results: Twenty-four articles were found eligible for the review - four published articles and twenty pre-print articles. Compartmental model was found to be the most commonly used mathematical model; along with exponential, time varying, neural network and cluster kinetic models. Social distancing, specifically lockdown, was the most commonly modelled intervention strategy. Additionally, contact tracing using smartphone application, international travel restriction, increasing hospital/ICU beds, changes in testing strategy were also dealt with. Social distancing along with increasing testing seemed to be effective in delaying the peak of the epidemic and reducing the peak prevalence.<br><br>Conclusion: Although there is mathematical rationality behind implementation of social distancing measures including lockdown, this study also emphasised the importance of other associated measures like increasing tests and increasing the number of hospital and ICU beds. The later components are particularly important during the social mixing period to be observed after lifting of lockdown.},
}
@article {pmid32496247,
year = {2020},
author = {Devendran, R and Kumar, M and Chakraborty, S},
title = {Genome analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates occurring in India: Present scenario.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S147-S155},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_506_20},
pmid = {32496247},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still a debatable topic. The association of the virus spread from the market is supported by the close relation of genome sequences of environmental surface samples with virus samples from earliest patients by phylogenetic analysis.<br><br>Objectives: To have an insight into the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences reported from India for better understanding on their epidemiology and virulence.<br><br>Methods: Genome sequences of Indian isolates of SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed to understand their phylogeny and divergence with respect to other isolates reported from other countries. Amino acid sequences of individual open reading frames (ORFs) from SARS-CoV-2 Indian isolates were aligned with sequences of isolates reported from other countries to identify the mutations occurred in Indian isolates.<br><br>Results: Our analysis suggests that Indian SARS-CoV-2 isolates are closely related to isolates reported from other parts of the world. Most ORFs are highly conserved; mutations were also detected in some ORFs. We found that most isolates reported from India have key mutations at 614th position of the S protein and 84th position of the ORF 8, which has been reported to be associated with high virulence and high transmission rate.<br><br>Conclusion: An attempt was made to understand the SARS-CoV-2 virus reported from India. SARS-CoV-2 reported from India was closely similar to other SARS-CoV-2 reported from other parts of the world, which suggests that vaccines and other therapeutic methods generated from other countries might work well in India. In addition, available sequence data suggest that majority of Indian isolates are capable of high transmission and virulence.},
}
@article {pmid32496246,
year = {2020},
author = {Patel, P and Athotra, A and Vaisakh, TP and Dikid, T and Jain, SK and , },
title = {Impact of nonpharmacological interventions on COVID-19 transmission dynamics in India.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S142-S146},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_510_20},
pmid = {32496246},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Background: As of May 4, 2020, India has reported 42,836 confirmed cases and 1,389 deaths from COVID-19. India's multipronged response included nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs) like intensive case-based surveillance, expanding testing capacity, social distancing, health promotion, and progressive travel restrictions leading to a complete halt of international and domestic movements (lockdown).<br><br>Objectives: We studied the impact of NPI on transmission dynamics of COVID-19 epidemic in India and estimated the minimum level of herd immunity required to halt it.<br><br>Methods: We plotted time distribution, estimated basic (R0) and time-dependent effective (Rt) reproduction numbers using software R, and calculated doubling time, the growth rate for confirmed cases from January 30 to May 4, 2020. Herd immunity was estimated using the latest Rtvalue.<br><br>Results: Time distribution showed a propagated epidemic with subexponential growth. Average growth rate, 21% in the beginning, reduced to 6% after an extended lockdown (May 3). Based on early transmission dynamics, R0was 2.38 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.79-3.07). Early, unmitigated Rt= 2.51 (95% CI = 2.05-3.14) (March 15) reduced to 1.28 (95% CI = 1.22-1.32) and was 1.83 (95% CI = 1.71-1.93) at the end of lockdown Phase 1 (April 14) and 2 (May 3), respectively. Similarly, average early doubling time (4.3 days) (standard deviation [SD] = 1.86) increased to 5.4 days (SD = 1.03) and 10.9 days (SD = 2.19). Estimated minimum 621 million recoveries are required to halt COVID-19 spread if Rtremains below 2.<br><br>Conclusion: India's early response, especially stringent lockdown, has slowed COVID-19 epidemic. Increased testing, intensive case-based surveillance and containment efforts, modulated movement restrictions while protecting the vulnerable population, and continuous monitoring of transmission dynamics should be a way forward in the absence of effective treatment, vaccine, and undetermined postinfection immunity.},
}
@article {pmid32496245,
year = {2020},
author = {Kumar, S and Jha, S and Rai, SK},
title = {Significance of super spreader events in COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S139-S141},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_495_20},
pmid = {32496245},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The number of secondary cases from each primary case determines how fast an epidemic grows. It is known that all cases do not spread the infection equally; super spreaders play an important role as they contribute disproportionately to a much larger number of cases including in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Super spreaders have been reported for more than a century, but limited information is available in scientific literature. An epidemic containment strategy needs to include early identification of super spreaders to limit an explosive growth. Super spreaders tend to get stigmatized, resulting in late reporting and hiding of cases. It is important for program managers to be sensitive to the manner in which related information is shared with media and general public.},
}
@article {pmid32496244,
year = {2020},
author = {Yasobant, S and Patel, K and Saxena, D and Falkenberg, T},
title = {COVID-19 in India: Making a case for the one health surveillance system.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S135-S138},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_488_20},
pmid = {32496244},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Pandemics like COVID-19 warrant an urgent implementation of the one health surveillance (OHS) system to the focus on multisectoral, multidisciplinary, multi-institutional, and multispecialty coordination, in all aspects of the response to outbreaks that might involve humans, animals, and their environment. The Indian system so far has evolved in conducting surveillance and monitoring of parameters within the domain of human health, animal health, and the environment, but in silos. This commentary piece provides an opinion to boost the existing surveillance activities for early detection and ways to develop an integrated OHS to prevent future COVID-19 like pandemics in India. It also attempts to provide possible solutions at the interface of human-animal-environment, from the simpler to the complex system integration with the principles of one health.},
}
@article {pmid32496243,
year = {2020},
author = {Sharma, AK and Balyan, P},
title = {Air pollution and COVID-19: Is the connect worth its weight?.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S132-S134},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_466_20},
pmid = {32496243},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Primary route of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among humans is droplets and direct contact. Airborne transmission of this virus is not established conclusively and so is the role of airborne particulate matter. This commentary examines the existing evidence about the role of particulate matter pollutants in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. PM2.5and other small particulate matter have been shown to carry viable virus particles in the air and incriminated in spread of measles and SARS coronavirus. Empirical evidence has been provided regarding role of air pollution in accelerated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy as well as Wuhan. Lockdown-related reduction in PM2.5levels in ambient air may have contributed to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. High PM2.5levels in the past might have added to SARS-CoV-2 related mortality due to air pollution relate comorbidities. Post-lockdown increase in PM2.5levels may accelerate covid-19 transmission and can add to the burden of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.},
}
@article {pmid32496242,
year = {2020},
author = {Moorthy, M and Fletcher, J},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory Testing in India's Pandemic Response: A Public Health Perspective.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S128-S131},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_491_20},
pmid = {32496242},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted (at the time of writing) in over 3.3 million cases and 233,000 deaths globally and ~33,000 cases and ~1,100 deaths in India. The mainstay of the diagnosis is a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The accurate diagnosis is contingent on appropriate specimen choice, time of collection, and assay employed. In this commentary, we highlight the role of laboratory diagnostic tests used in the different stages of India's COVID-19 pandemic response.},
}
@article {pmid32496241,
year = {2020},
author = {Nina, PB and Dash, AP},
title = {Hydroxychloroquine as prophylaxis or treatment for COVID-19: What does the evidence say?.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S125-S127},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_496_20},
pmid = {32496241},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial has been proposed as possible treatment for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). India has approved the use of HCQ for prophylaxis of asymptomatic health workers treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases, and asymptomatic household contacts of confirmed patients. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued Emergency Use Authorization for the use of HCQ to treat COVID-19 in adolescents and adults. In this review, we go over the available evidence for and against HCQ's use as prophylaxis or treatment for COVID-19, especially in the Indian context.},
}
@article {pmid32496240,
year = {2020},
author = {Sarbadhikari, S and Sarbadhikari, SN},
title = {The global experience of digital health interventions in COVID-19 management.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S117-S124},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_457_20},
pmid = {32496240},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Digital health interventions are globally playing a significant role to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2. Here, we present a very brief overview of the multifaceted digital interventions, globally, and in India, for maintaining health and health-care delivery, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32496239,
year = {2020},
author = {Kotwani, A and Gandra, S},
title = {Potential pharmacological agents for COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S112-S116},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_456_20},
pmid = {32496239},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {A novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) first emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has become a global pandemic. Currently, the management of COVID-19 infection is mainly supportive. Several clinical trials worldwide are evaluating several drugs approved for other indications, as well as multiple investigational agents for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Here, we give a brief overview of pharmacological agents and other therapies which are under investigation as treatment options or adjunctive agents for patients infected with COVID-19 and for chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of COVID-19 infection. At the time of writing this commentary, there is no peer-reviewed published evidence from randomized clinical trials of any pharmacological agents improving outcomes in COVID-19 patients. However, it was reported that remdesivir an investigational antiviral agent hastens clinical recovery, but a study is yet to be published in peer-reviewed medical journal.},
}
@article {pmid32496238,
year = {2020},
author = {Arora, NK and Das, MK},
title = {COVID-19 vaccine development and the way forward.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S108-S111},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_520_20},
pmid = {32496238},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The whole globe is reeling under the COVID-19 pandemic now. With the scale and severity of infection, number of deaths and lack of any definite therapeutic armamentarium, the vaccine development has been accelerated at a never-before pace. A wide variety of vaccine technologies and platforms are being attempted. Out of the over 108 efforts, 100 are in preclinical and eight in Phase 1 or 2 trial stage. While the availability of newer technologies has facilitated development, there are several challenges on the way including limited understanding of the pathophysiology, targeting humoral or mucosal immunity, lack of suitable animal model, poor success of human severe acute respiratory syndrome/Middle East Respiratory Syndrome vaccines, limited efficacy of influenza vaccines, and immune exaggeration with animal coronavirus vaccines. With the current scenario with political, funding, research, and regulatory supports, if everything sails through smoothly, the successful vaccine is expected in 12-18 months. Modestly efficacious vaccine may be also a good achievement.},
}
@article {pmid32496237,
year = {2020},
author = {Priya, R and Sujatha, V},
title = {AYUSH for COVID-19: Science or Superstition?.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S105-S107},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_500_20},
pmid = {32496237},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {There is a lot of discussion on COVID-19 control strategies from the mainstream approaches, but it is also necessary to examine the contributions of the Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Riga and Homeopathy (AYUSH) sector, which is now being brought into public health interventions nationally. Although the AYUSH sector had previously joined the management of dengue and chikungunya outbreaks in some Indian states, its participation has remained contentious and there is reluctance in mainstream public health discourses to seriously examine their interventions. This is a commentary on the efforts made by the Ministry of AYUSH, state AYUSH directorates, AYUSH research institutions, and public hospitals, based on official documents as well as official statements reported in the media, with the aim of bringing out concerns in the process of adapting traditional textual knowledge and practices to public health requirements of the current age.},
}
@article {pmid32496236,
year = {2020},
author = {Chatterjee, PK},
title = {Community preparedness for COVID-19 and frontline health workers in Chhattisgarh.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S102-S104},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_467_20},
pmid = {32496236},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {At the end of April 2020, there had already been three million cases of COVID-19 in the world pandemic. Chhattisgarh might expect 90,000 diagnosed cases of COVID-19 in the end. The first step taken in March was to ensure a simple checklist of activities that needed to continue. Handbills were given with the basic information on the symptoms and what to do in the community. In urban areas, the lockdown affected the poorer section of the society, especially who are not having BPL card and no other means of availing necessary eatables. Issues that arose affecting regular activities such as tuberculosis and immunization. Residents of informal settlements are also vulnerable during any COVID-19 responses. Frontline workers such as Mitanins in the community are an important asset in the capacity building and preparedness strategies.},
}
@article {pmid32496235,
year = {2020},
author = {Sadanandan, R},
title = {Kerala's response to COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S99-S101},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_459_20},
pmid = {32496235},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The response of Kerala state to COVID-19, led by the health department, was nested in larger social mobilization. Kerala has developed a strong government health system. Learning from managing the Nipah outbreaks, Kerala took effective prevention measures early. Local governments, actively involved in public health in Kerala, played an active role in controlling the epidemic and in cushioning the impact on the poor. Transparency in information and willingness of the government to take the people into confidence has contributed to enhancing trust in the government. These strengths will stand Kerala in good stead as it prepares to manage the next wave of COVID-19 infections.},
}
@article {pmid32496234,
year = {2020},
author = {Baru, RV},
title = {Health systems preparedness during COVID-19 pandemic: China and India.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S96-S98},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_501_20},
pmid = {32496234},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {This commentary reviews the health systems preparedness during the COVID-19 epidemic in China and India. It provides insight into how nonmedical measures were employed to contain and control the epidemic in Wuhan which was the epicenter. The methods employed by the Chinese provided the roadmap for the countries as the epidemic became pandemic. It provides contrasts in health system preparedness between China and India.},
}
@article {pmid32496233,
year = {2020},
author = {Banerji, A},
title = {The armed forces medical services response to COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S94-S95},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_516_20},
pmid = {32496233},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The Indian Armed Forces have always responded to the Nation's call and the COVID-19 pandemic response has been no different. On instructions from the Government of India, the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) pitched in right from the initial stages of the epidemic in India as part of a coordinated national response. Be it the execution of medical quarantine for Indian citizens evacuated from China and other COVID affected countries or establishing dedicated and mixed COVID hospitals for its own clientele as well as civilian patients, the AFMS worked in tandem with the national policies. The Armed Forces ensured force preservation and protection of its own troops and families by timely implementation of public health measures, even as it played its designated role in the national strategy. With vision, understanding and clarity, the AFMS continue to lend shoulder to India's response to this global public health challenge.},
}
@article {pmid32496232,
year = {2020},
author = {Sundararaman, T},
title = {Health systems preparedness for COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S91-S93},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_507_20},
pmid = {32496232},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {Some nations in the world and some states in India have had more success in containing this pandemic. Recent efforts in strengthening the health sector have focused largely on reforms in modes of financing, but as the pandemic brings home to us, the main challenge in India remains the challenge of the organization of public services using a health systems understanding. A close to community comprehensive primary health care, quality assurance, and planned excess capacity in public health systems, a more robust disease surveillance systems that can integrate data on new outbreaks and the indigenous technological capacity to scale up innovation and manufacture of essential health commodities are some of our most important requirements for both epidemic preparedness and response.},
}
@article {pmid32496231,
year = {2020},
author = {Muliyil, JP},
title = {A science-based response to COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S90},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_530_20},
pmid = {32496231},
issn = {0019-557X},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic behaves like many other viruses spread through respiratory routes. This is generally a mild disease for those aged less than 50 years. A complete and prolonged lockdown will reduce COVID-19 mortality but simultaneously lead to a graver public health, social, and economic disaster. The focus has to be based on the reality that exists in an area.},
}
@article {pmid32496230,
year = {2020},
author = {Krishnan, A and Dasgupta, R},
title = {Science, policy, people, and public health: What Is COVID-19 teaching us?.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S87-S89},
doi = {10.4103/ijph.IJPH_540_20},
pmid = {32496230},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496229,
year = {2020},
author = {},
title = {Second joint statement of the IPHA, IAPSM and IAE- Public health approach for COVID-19 pandemic control in India.},
journal = {Indian journal of public health},
volume = {64},
number = {Supplement},
pages = {S84-S86},
doi = {10.4103/0019-557X.285636},
pmid = {32496229},
issn = {0019-557X},
}
@article {pmid32496223,
year = {2020},
author = {Al Sulais, E and Mosli, M and AlAmeel, T},
title = {The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physicians in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.},
journal = {Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4103/sjg.SJG_174_20},
pmid = {32496223},
issn = {1998-4049},
abstract = {Background/Aim: COVID-19 pandemic exposed physicians to extraordinary stress and made them vulnerable to various types of psychological illnesses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the psychological well-being of physicians.<br><br>Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional, survey-based study, targeting physicians in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary outcome was to assess the psychological impact that the pandemic had on physicians by using a questionnaire that was previously designed and used by Reynold's et al. to survey Canadians during the SARS outbreak in 2003. The questionnaire assessed respondents' understanding of the rationale for quarantine, quarantine behaviors (including difficulties and compliance), as well as socio-economic and psychological impacts through answers that are based on a Likert scale. We also assessed the possible risk factors for psychological disorders related to the pandemic.<br><br>Results: The study included 529 physicians from various regions in Saudi Arabia. The enrolled physicians were practicing different specialties and branches in medicine. We classified them based on their workplace in relation to COVID-19 exposure to: COVID-19 designated center vs. non-COVID-19 designated centers. Furthermore, we subdivided the physicians who work in COVID-19 designated centers to those who work in high-risk areas such as ER, ICU and COVID-19 isolation wards and other areas as low-risk areas. The most common feelings reported by the physicians during the pandemic were: worry (357, 67.5%), isolation (301, 56.9%) and fear (263, 49.7%). According to logistic regression analysis, physicians older than age 60 were less likely to feel isolated (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.01-0.96, P = 0.05), female physicians were more likely to experience fear (OR = 2.96, 95% CI = 1.20 - 7.27, P = 0.02) and worry (OR = 2.87,95% CI = 1.23 - 6.69, P = 0.02), while physicians with a previous exposure to similar traumatic events were less likely to experience fear (OR = 0.24, 0.10 - 0.64, P = 0.004) during the COVID-19 pandemic.<br><br>Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative psychological effect on physicians in Saudi Arabia. Gender, age, and previous exposure to similar traumatic events were predictive of psychological reactions to the pandemic in this population.},
}
@article {pmid32496210,
year = {2020},
author = {Xie, X and Jiang, Y and Zeng, Y and Liu, H},
title = {Combination antiviral therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol and interferon-α1b for COVID-19.},
journal = {Antiviral therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3851/IMP3362},
pmid = {32496210},
issn = {2040-2058},
abstract = {Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that was discovered in 2019 in Wuhan, China, no standard therapy guideline has been set despite the severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its high infectivity. The globally pandemic outbreak suggests that COVID-19 was highly infectious and difficult to control. A dual-combination of ribavirin and interferon-α has been the widely used regimen for the treatment of this disease in China. However, due to the varying results of treatment with these drugs, a novel antiviral combination therapy is urgently needed. This case reports the usage of lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination antiviral regimen for a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
}
@article {pmid32496207,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, M and Leslie, H and Qi, B and Nan, S and Feng, H and Cai, H and Lu, X and Duan, H},
title = {Development of openEHR template for Coronavirus disease 2019 based on clinical guidelines.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/20239},
pmid = {32496207},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was discovered in China since December 2019, it has developed into an extremely threatening emergency for international public health. Except for China, the number of cases in other countries continues to increase. Lots of studies about disease diagnosis and treatment have been carried out and many clinically proven effective results have been achieved. Although information technology can improve the transferring of such knowledge to clinical practice rapidly, data interoperability is still a challenge due to the heterogeneous nature in hospital information systems. This issue becomes even more serious if the knowledge for diagnosis &amp; treatment is updated rapidly like the one for COVID-19. An open, semantic sharing and collaborative information modeling framework is needed to rapidly develop a shared data model for exchanging data among systems. openEHR is such a framework supported by many open software that help to promote information sharing and interoperability.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: The study aims to develop a shared data model based on the openEHR modeling approach to improve the interoperability among systems for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: The study aims to develop a shared data model based on the openEHR modeling approach to improve the interoperability among systems for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.<br><br>RESULTS: The latest Guideline of COVID-19 Diagnosis &amp; Treatment in China is selected as the knowledge source for modeling. First, the guideline was analyzed and the data items used for Diagnosis&amp;Treatment/Management were extracted. Second, the data items were classified and further organized into domain concepts with mind map. Third, searching was executed in the international openEHR Clinical Knowledge Manager (CKM) to find the existing archetypes which can represent the concepts. New archetypes were developed for those concepts that cannot be found. Fourth, these archetypes were further organized into a template using Ocean Template Editor. Finally, a test case of data exchanging between CDR and CDSS based on the template has been conducted to verify the feasibility of the study.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: 203 data items were extracted from the guideline in China, 16 domain concepts (16 leaf nodes in the mind map) were organized. 22 archetypes have been used to develop the template for all data items extracted from the guideline. All of them could be found in CKM and reused directly. The archetypes and templates were reviewed and finally released in a public project within the CKM. The test case showed that the template can facilitate the data exchanging and meet the requirements of decision support.},
}
@article {pmid32496206,
year = {2020},
author = {Denis, F and Galmiche, S and Dinh, A and Fontanet, A and Scherpereel, A and Benezit, F and Lescure, FX},
title = {Viewpoint: Epidemiological observation from a smartphone self-assessment web-application for suspected COVID-19 patients' triage: association of anosmia and outbreak extension in France.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/19855},
pmid = {32496206},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: We developed a self-assessment and participatory surveillance web-application for COVID-19 which was launched in France in March 2020.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine if self-reported symptoms could help monitor outbreak dynamic in France.<br><br>METHODS: Users were asked questions about underlying conditions, sociodemographic status, Zip code and main COVID-19 symptoms. Depending on symptoms reported and the co-existing disorders, users were offered either to stay at home, or to contact a general practitioner or an emergency phone number. Data regarding Covid-19 related hospitalizations were retrieved from the Ministry of Health.<br><br>RESULTS: As of March 29, 2020, the application was opened 4 126 789 times, 3 799 535 e-questionnaires were filled, and 2 477 164 users had at least one symptom. 34.8% of patients reported no symptoms. The remaining patients were offered self-monitoring (22.6%), GP visit or teleconsultation (27.2%), and emergency call (15.4%). Anosmia was associated with emergency warning signs in 39.1% versus and 22.7% of patients without anosmia. Anosmia, and fever and/or cough were correlated with hospitalizations for Covid-19 (Spearman correlation coefficients = 0.87 and 0.82, respectively; P<.0001 for both).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that anosmia may be strongly associated with COVID-19 and its severity. Despite lack of medical assessment and virological confirmation, self-checking application data could be a relevant tool to monitor outbreak dynamic.<br><br>CLINICALTRIAL: Nct04331171.},
}
@article {pmid32496205,
year = {2020},
author = {Hamidian Jahromi, A and Hamidianjahromi, A},
title = {Why African Americans Are a Potential Target for COVID-19 Infection in the United States (USA).},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/19934},
pmid = {32496205},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {UNSTRUCTURED: Since WHO has officially announced that COVID-19 outbreak reaching a pandemic level, things have significantly changed inside USA, as this infection spread has reached and passed its exponential phase. A stringent analysis of the COVID-19 epidemiologic data requires much more time and would generally be expected to happen with significant delay after the exponential phase of the disease is over and when the focus of the health-care system is diverted away from crisis-management. Although much is said about high-risk groups and the vulnerability of elderly and patients with underlying comorbidities, the impact of race and its implications on susceptibility of ethnic minorities in indigent societies towards COVID-19 has not been discussed in detail worldwide and specifically in the United States. There are currently some data on disparities between African American and Caucasians for COVID-19 infection and mortality. While the health-care authorities are reorganizing their resources and the infrastructure to provide care for the COVID-19 symptomatic patients, they should not shy away from protecting the general public as a whole and specifically the most vulnerable members of society, such as the elderly, ethnic minorities, and people with underlying comorbidities.},
}
@article {pmid32496123,
year = {2020},
author = {Hinojosa Del Val, J and Crespo, J and Pérez-Cuadrado Martínez, E},
title = {Author´s answer to: &quot;Effect of adacolumn® in ulcerative colitis with COVID-19&quot;.},
journal = {Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Patologia Digestiva},
volume = {112},
number = {},
pages = {511-512},
doi = {10.17235/reed.2020.7188/2020},
pmid = {32496123},
issn = {1130-0108},
abstract = {We have read with interest the article published by Pérez et al., we really appreciate their interesting comments and would like to qualify some points. With the except of the clinical practice, currently there is no recommendation based on scientific evidence about the use of apheresis in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), and even less in Crohn's disease (CD). However, the results obtained in the case of Pérez et al. in relation to systemic inflammation and pulmonary clinical improvement are very interesting from a pathophysiological and clinical point of view.},
}
@article {pmid32496122,
year = {2020},
author = {Pérez Roldán, F and Bernardos Martín, ME and González Carro, P},
title = {The effect of Adacolumn® on ulcerative colitis with COVID-19.},
journal = {Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Patologia Digestiva},
volume = {112},
number = {},
pages = {511},
doi = {10.17235/reed.2020.7156/2020},
pmid = {32496122},
issn = {1130-0108},
abstract = {Crespo et al. comment on the influence of immunomodulators and biological drugs on ulcerative colitis and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Granulo-monocytoapheresis is a treatment used in ulcerative colitis outbreaks, whose mechanism of action is to selectively retain activated granulocytes and monocytes, in order to reduce the inflammatory process.},
}
@article {pmid32496107,
year = {2020},
author = {Sun, S and Lin, D and Operario, D},
title = {Need for a population health approach to understand and address psychosocial consequences of COVID-19.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000618},
pmid = {32496107},
issn = {1942-969X},
support = {/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {This commentary article provides observations on the psychosocial consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among people in China and articulates a population health perspective to understand and address identified issues. We highlight key psychosocial effects of COVID-19, such as anxiety, insomnia, and trauma response, in the context of salient factors that shape Chinese people's psychological experiences, including the availability of Internet and technology, large-scale quarantine, economic impact, and the rise of xenophobia globally. Further, from a population health perspective, we make recommendations in COVID-19-related research and interventions that aim to promote the psychosocial health of Chinese people. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496106,
year = {2020},
author = {PeConga, EK and Gauthier, GM and Holloway, A and Walker, RSW and Rosencrans, PL and Zoellner, LA and Bedard-Gilligan, M},
title = {Resilience is spreading: Mental health within the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000874},
pmid = {32496106},
issn = {1942-969X},
support = {/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {The COVID-19 global pandemic is in many ways unchartered mental health territory, but history would suggest that long-term resilience will be the most common outcome, even for those most directly impacted by the outbreak. We address 4 common myths about resilience and discuss ways to systematically build individual and community resiliency. Actively cultivating social support, adaptive meaning, and direct prosocial behaviors to reach the most vulnerable can have powerful resilience promoting effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496105,
year = {2020},
author = {Stojanovic, M and El-Khatib, Z and Rovis Brandic, A and Maalouf, W},
title = {Lions quest skills for adolescence implementation during COVID-19 challenges in Croatia.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000843},
pmid = {32496105},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {Globally, the Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situation has affected the education system, forcing students to start distance learning. Consequently, education of students reverted to online platforms or TV station broadcasts. Extracurricular programs have also experienced a setback given the natural prioritization of mandatory school subjects. Meanwhile, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) was implementing a teacher-led extracurricular activity for children of age 10-15 years to prevent substance use and other negative life and social consequences (Lions Quest Skills for Adolescence [LQSFA]). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, LQSFA was difficult to sustain, partly as it was considered extracurricular and partly given its interactive requirement that was difficult to apply through distance learning. Nevertheless, schools' facilitators managed to adapt the program information sharing and communication strategies with the student groups and identified essential sessions allowing continuity of program implementation and utilization of critical program skills during COVID-19 pandemic. The practical implication of the facilitators' assessment of the relevance, value, motivation and feasibility of the implementation of the LQSFA program within the current COVID-19 circumstances calls for the eminent need for adaptation of its implementation modality to meet the current educational delivery circumstances. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496103,
year = {2020},
author = {Marshall, JM and Dunstan, DA and Bartik, W},
title = {The role of digital mental health resources to treat trauma symptoms in australia during COVID-19.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000627},
pmid = {32496103},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {Demand for telehealth services with psychologists and other health professionals has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and as a result some members of the community are unable to access face-to-face assistance for trauma-related mental health issues. This has led to an increase in usage of alternative digital mental health options such as smartphone apps and other Internet-enabled assistance. The Australian Federal Government has promoted digital mental health options for many years, and it has a comprehensive architecture of digital resources in place, but will it be enough to deal with the expected rise in symptoms of trauma among the general population in the wake of COVID-19? (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496102,
year = {2020},
author = {McCann Pineo, M and Schwartz, RM},
title = {Commentary on the coronavirus pandemic: Anticipating a fourth wave in the opioid epidemic.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000622},
pmid = {32496102},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {Experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic simultaneously with the U.S. opioid epidemic is anticipated to have a profound mental health impact on some of our most vulnerable populations. Recent federal and state regulatory changes have been made under the state of emergency in order to ameliorate the some of the challenges faced in maintaining access to substance use and addiction services during such times. There are currently considerable limitations in quantifying the impact of COVID-19 among those with substance use disorders, however, it is imperative that health care systems continue to serve this population in order to prevent associated morbidity and mortality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496101,
year = {2020},
author = {Borges, LM and Barnes, SM and Farnsworth, JK and Bahraini, NH and Brenner, LA},
title = {A commentary on moral injury among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000698},
pmid = {32496101},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {Although little is known about moral injury in nonmilitary populations, the COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that moral injury's relevance extends beyond the battlefield. Health care providers are experiencing potentially morally injurious events that may violate their moral code or values, yet almost no research has been conducted on moral injury among health care providers to date. The purpose of this commentary is to describe the relevance of moral injury to health care providers and to spark a dialogue that motivates future research, prevention, and intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496100,
year = {2020},
author = {Fitzpatrick, KM and Harris, C and Drawve, G},
title = {Fear of COVID-19 and the mental health consequences in America.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000924},
pmid = {32496100},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {The intent of this work was to examine the intersection of COVID-19 fear with social vulnerabilities and mental health consequences among adults living in the United States. Data are from a nationally representative sample (n = 10,368) of U.S. adults surveyed online during demographic subgroups (gender, age, income, race and ethnicity, geography). The sample week of March 23, 2020. The sample was poststratification weighted to ensure a balanced representation across social and demographic subgroups (gender, age, income, race or ethnicity, geography). The sample comprised 51% female; 23% non-White; 18% Hispanic; 25% of households with children under 18 years of age; 55% unmarried; and nearly 20% unemployed, laid off, or furloughed at the time of the interview. Respondents were fearful, averaging a score of nearly 7 on a scale of 10 when asked how fearful they were of COVID-19. Preliminary analysis suggests clear spatial diffusion of COVID-19 fear. Fear appears to be concentrated in regions with the highest reported COVID-19 cases. Significant differences across several U.S. census regions are noted (p < .01). Additionally, significant bivariate relationships were found between socially vulnerable respondents (female, Asians, Hispanic, foreign-born, families with children) and fear, as well as with mental health consequences (anxiety and depressive symptoms). Depressive symptoms, on average, were high (16+ on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), and more than 25% of the sample reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. More in-depth psychosocial research is needed using nationally representative samples that can help to inform potential mental health risks, as well as by targeting specific mental health interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496099,
year = {2020},
author = {Mohsin, AKM and Hongzhen, L and Sume, AH and Hussain, MH},
title = {Analysis of the causes of moral injury in the outbreak of 2019-nCoV.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000720},
pmid = {32496099},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {The infection of the novel coronavirus that originated from Wuhan, China in December 2019 converted rapidly into a pandemic by March 11, 2020. Whereas the infection mortality rate is not completely understood, it seems to be significantly beyond that of other recent pandemics (e.g., H1N1 pandemic). This paper discusses moral injury in the context of disaster and epidemic and how easily the moral psychology of individuals and society can be shaken. Moral injury is a multiscientific concept involving psychology, culture, and religion. Amid the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia, immoral behaviors and events such as violence, injury, and illness have also caused different degrees of impact on the moral standards of individuals, confusing moral cognition, destroying moral emotion, and weakening moral toughness, resulting in varying degrees of moral injury. If there is no national health, there will be no positive society for all. Based on this, the public needs to pay close attention to the moral health of the whole people and effectively avoid the occurrence of moral injury. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496097,
year = {2020},
author = {Cheng, ST},
title = {Will there be a silver lining in the end? Lessons from and reflections on the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong and beyond.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000926},
pmid = {32496097},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {This article provides an analysis of the psychological and moral transformations as people confront the risk of infection, using Hong Kong as a case example. In the face of an unfamiliar threat, the need for uncertainty reduction gives rise to hasty, uncritical, and oversimplified assumptions about risk reduction, while prejudice against people and nations who do not share similar practices, as well as those symptomatic or at risk of catching the virus, ensue. The pandemic is eroding basic human decency and our compassion for one another while the human race battles a common threat to our destiny. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496095,
year = {2020},
author = {Aquila, I and Sacco, MA and Ricci, C and Gratteri, S and Montebianco Abenavoli, L and Oliva, A and Ricci, P},
title = {The role of the COVID-19 pandemic as a risk factor for suicide: What is its impact on the public mental health state today?.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000616},
pmid = {32496095},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {The phenomenon of suicide is a much studied but still little-known issue. In this particular period of health emergency, quarantine and mandatory restrictions could play a role in the genesis of fatal events or suicide attempts not only in people at risk. However, this issue has not yet been adequately addressed in the literature. The influence of the global pandemic could change the way suicide cases are analyzed; in the future, it is necessary to reconsider and analyze the various risk groups by population but above all to evaluate new methods of intervention for avoiding the increase in fatal events related to the current emergency whose duration is still unknown. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496094,
year = {2020},
author = {Rivera, RM and Carballea, D},
title = {Coronavirus: A trigger for OCD and illness anxiety disorder?.},
journal = {Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/tra0000725},
pmid = {32496094},
issn = {1942-969X},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic possesses challenges for individuals with preexisting mental health conditions, such as those with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Illness Anxiety Disorder. Amid the novel coronavirus pandemic, sanitary precautions have become encouraged. Mental health practitioners need to examine how the normalization of these practices may become triggers and reinforcements for obsessive thinking and compulsive behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496074,
year = {2020},
author = {Sibley, CG and Greaves, LM and Satherley, N and Wilson, MS and Overall, NC and Lee, CHJ and Milojev, P and Bulbulia, J and Osborne, D and Milfont, TL and Houkamau, CA and Duck, IM and Vickers-Jones, R and Barlow, FK},
title = {Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown on trust, attitudes toward government, and well-being.},
journal = {The American psychologist},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1037/amp0000662},
pmid = {32496074},
issn = {1935-990X},
support = {//Templeton Religion Trust/ ; //Australian Research Council/ ; },
abstract = {The contagiousness and deadliness of COVID-19 have necessitated drastic social management to halt transmission. The immediate effects of a nationwide lockdown were investigated by comparing matched samples of New Zealanders assessed before (Nprelockdown = 1,003) and during the first 18 days of lockdown (Nlockdown = 1,003). Two categories of outcomes were examined: (a) institutional trust and attitudes toward the nation and government and (b) health and well-being. Applying propensity score matching to approximate the conditions of a randomized controlled experiment, the study found that people in the pandemic/lockdown group reported higher trust in science, politicians, and police, higher levels of patriotism, and higher rates of mental distress compared to people in the prelockdown prepandemic group. Results were confirmed in within-subjects analyses. The study highlights social connectedness, resilience, and vulnerability in the face of adversity and has applied implications for how countries face this global challenge. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).},
}
@article {pmid32496027,
year = {2020},
author = {King, A},
title = {Fast news or fake news?: The advantages and the pitfalls of rapid publication through pre-print servers during a pandemic.},
journal = {EMBO reports},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e50817},
doi = {10.15252/embr.202050817},
pmid = {32496027},
issn = {1469-3178},
abstract = {Pre-print servers have helped to rapidly publish important information during the COVID-19 pandemic. The downside is the risk of spreading false information or fake news though.},
}
@article {pmid32496012,
year = {2020},
author = {Wu, J and Zhang, J and Sun, X and Wang, L and Xu, Y and Zhang, Y and Liu, X and Dong, C},
title = {Influence of diabetes mellitus on the severity and fatality of SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
journal = {Diabetes, obesity &amp; metabolism},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/dom.14105},
pmid = {32496012},
issn = {1463-1326},
abstract = {AIMS: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common comorbidities in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influences of diabetes mellitus on the severity and fatality of SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 66 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were collected and classified into non-severe (mild/moderate cases) and severe (severe/critical cases) groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of severe COVID-19 (severe/critical infection). In addition, a meta-analysis including published studies reported the impacts of diabetes mellitus on severity and fatality of COVID-19, and our current study was conducted using fixed-effects models.<br><br>RESULTS: There were 22 diabetic and 44 non-diabetic cases among the 66 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. As the results shown, seven cases (31.82%) were diagnosed as severe COVID-19 in diabetic patients, which was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic group (4/44, 9.09%, P = 0.033). After adjustment for age and gender, the results showed that diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (OR: 5.29, 95% CI: 1.07-26.02). A meta-analysis further confirmed the positive association between diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 severity (pooled OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.93-3.45). Moreover, the diabetic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed to have 2.95-fold higher risk of fatality compared to those patients without diabetes mellitus (95% CI: 1.93-4.53).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide new evidences that diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk of severity and fatality of COVID-19. Therefore, intensive monitoring and antidiabetic therapy should be considered in diabetic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32495994,
year = {2020},
author = {Bhargava, S and Gupta, M and Kroumpouzos, G},
title = {Protection comes at a cost: Doctor's life inside Personal Protection Equipment.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13758},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13758},
pmid = {32495994},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495985,
year = {2020},
author = {Gris, JC and Loubet, P and Roger, C and Cochery-Nouvellon, E and Mauboussin, JM and Muller, L and Bouvier, S and Laureillard, D and Davide Barbar, S and Mercier, É and Lefrant, JY and Sotto, A},
title = {The association between D-dimers in COVID-19 patients and mortality remains beset of uncertainties.},
journal = {Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jth.14941},
pmid = {32495985},
issn = {1538-7836},
abstract = {We appreciated the response to our letter from Dr. Zhang and colleagues who actively support D-dimer level at admission as an effective and easy-to-perform laboratory predictor in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). We congratulate them for the work and thank them for the arguments they have provided. However, we still have many doubts, which observation of the cases we have managed in our university hospital do not dispel.},
}
@article {pmid32495979,
year = {2020},
author = {Khan, MM and Noor, A and Madni, A and Shafiq, M},
title = {Emergence of novel coronavirus and progress toward treatment and vaccine.},
journal = {Reviews in medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/rmv.2116},
pmid = {32495979},
issn = {1099-1654},
abstract = {In late December 2019, a group of patients was observed with pneumonia-like symptoms that were linked with a wet market in Wuhan, China. The patients were found to have a novel coronavirus genetically related to a bat coronavirus that was termed SARS-CoV-2. The virus gradually spread worldwide and was declared a pandemic by WHO. Scientists have started trials on potential preventive and treatment options. Currently, there is no specific approved treatment for SARS-CoV-2, and various clinical trials are underway to explore better treatments. Some previously approved antiviral and other drugs have shown some in vitro activity. Here we summarize the fight against this novel coronavirus with particular focus on the different treatment options and clinical trials exploring treatment as well as work done toward development of vaccines.},
}
@article {pmid32495961,
year = {2020},
author = {Khullar, G and Chandra, M},
title = {Virtual dermatopathology: A potential educational tool during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13755},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13755},
pmid = {32495961},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495957,
year = {2020},
author = {Hashizume, H and Sano, Y and Furukawa, S and Imokawa, S},
title = {Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis mimicking COVID-19: a case report.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16705},
pmid = {32495957},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is currently spreading worldwide, causing the worst pandemic experienced this century. During the present outbreak, reports have been accumulating that various types of cutaneous manifestations were observed in COVID-19 patients. We read with interest the recent article by Amatore et al. describing a COVID-19 case who presented with a febrile rash consisting of annular, polycyclic, and circinate erythema, presumably specific to COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495952,
year = {2020},
author = {Ricardo, JW and Lipner, SR},
title = {Recommendations for Treatment of Nail Psoriasis During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13757},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13757},
pmid = {32495952},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495940,
year = {2020},
author = {Akour, A},
title = {Probiotics and COVID-19: is there any link?.},
journal = {Letters in applied microbiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/lam.13334},
pmid = {32495940},
issn = {1472-765X},
abstract = {Understanding mechanisms of the novel SARS-CoV2 infection and progression, can provide potential novel targets for prevention and/or treatment. This could be achieved via the inhibition of viral entry and/or replication, or by suppression the immunologic response that is provoked by the infection (known as the cytokine storm). Probiotics are defined as &quot;live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host&quot;. There is scarcity of evidence about the relationship between COVID-19 and gut microbiota. So, whether or not these supplements can prevent or ameliorate COVID-19 associated symptoms is not fully understood. The aim of this paper is to provide an indirect evidence about the utility of probiotics in combating COVID-19 or its associated symptoms, through the review of its antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, animal models, and human trials.},
}
@article {pmid32495926,
year = {2020},
author = {Cortés Borra, A},
title = {Does amantadine have a protective effect against COVID-19?.},
journal = {Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0041},
pmid = {32495926},
issn = {0028-3843},
}
@article {pmid32495923,
year = {2020},
author = {Deshmukh, V and Tripathi, SC and Pandey, A and Deshmukh, V and Vykoukal, J and Patil, A and Sontakke, B},
title = {COVID-19: a conundrum to decipher.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5830-5841},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21378},
pmid = {32495923},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Recent worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a current, ongoing life-threatening crisis, and international public health emergency. The early diagnosis and management of the disease remains a major challenge. In this review, we aim to summarize the updated epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.<br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A broad search of the literature was performed in &quot;PubMed&quot; &quot;Medline&quot; &quot;Web of Science&quot;, &quot;Google Scholar&quot; and &quot;World Health Organization-WHO&quot; using the keywords &quot;severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus&quot;, &quot;2019-nCoV&quot;, &quot;COVID-19, &quot;SARS&quot;, &quot;SARS-CoV-2&quot; &quot;Epidemiology&quot; &quot;Transmission&quot; &quot;Pathogenesis&quot; &quot;Clinical Characteristics&quot;. We reviewed and documented the information obtained from literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical appearances of SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br><br>RESULTS: The global cases of COVID-19 as of April 2, 2020, have risen to more than 900,000 and morbidity has reached more than 47,000. The incidence rate for COVID-19 has been predicted to be higher than the previous outbreaks of other coronavirus family members, including those of SARS-CoV and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The main clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic stages to severe lower respiratory infection in the form of pneumonia. Most of the patients also presented with fever, cough, sore throat, headache, fatigue, myalgia and breathlessness. Individuals at higher risk for severe illness include elderly people and patients with a weakened immune system or that are suffering from an underlying chronic medical condition like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cancer, respiratory illness or cardiovascular diseases.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: SARS-Cov-2 has emerged as a worldwide threat, currently affecting 170 countries and territories across the globe. There is still much to be understood regarding SARS-CoV-2 about its virology, epidemiology and clinical management strategies; this knowledge will be essential to both manage the current pandemic and to conceive comprehensive measures to prevent such outbreaks in the future.},
}
@article {pmid32495921,
year = {2020},
author = {Prajapati, S and Sharma, M and Kumar, A and Gupta, P and Narasimha Kumar, GV},
title = {An update on novel COVID-19 pandemic: a battle between humans and virus.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5819-5829},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21377},
pmid = {32495921},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {In the 21st century, human civilization has witnessed three major epidemics caused by Coronaviruses namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) in 2003, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS CoV) in 2012 and 2019 novel coronavirus (2019 nCoV) or coronavirus disease (COVID 19) in 2019. Among these, COVID-19 has greater transmission and mortality rate. 2019 nCoV belongs to a large family of positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA) that can be isolated in different animal species. The most communal symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, and shortness of breath during the incubation period (2-14 days) of infection. COVID-19 transmission is occurring from infected humans to close contact with one another through respiratory droplets, coughs, and sneezes of infected person. Moreover, the virus containing surfaces may also transmit the infection. Diagnosis is being carried out by collecting a nasopharyngeal swab or sputum specimen for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Rapid diagnosing methods are also under development which can diagnose COVID 19 in few minutes to hours. Currently, there is no specific cure or preventive therapeutics available. Hence, based upon limited in-vitro and anecdotal data, Chloroquine, or Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Lopinavir and Ritonavir are being employed in the management. Search for new specific anti-viral drugs from natural/synthetic origins is under full swing and many of them are currently used as chemotherapeutic drugs under clinical investigation. Yet, there is a strong need for development of vaccine, which may take several months to few years for the development.},
}
@article {pmid32495920,
year = {2020},
author = {Al-Rousan, N and Al-Najjar, H},
title = {Is visiting Qom spread CoVID-19 epidemic in the Middle East?.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5813-5818},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21376},
pmid = {32495920},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {The CoVID-19 epidemic started in Wuhan, China and spread to 217 other countries around the world through direct contact with patients, goods transfer, animal transport, and touching unclean surfaces. In the Middle East, the first confirmed case in both Iran and UAE originated from China. A series of infections since those confirmed cases started in the Middle East originated from Qom, Iran, and other Shi'ite holy places. Thereafter, CoVID-19 has been transmitted to other countries in the Middle East. This report aims to trace all of the confirmed cases in the Middle East until March 6, 2020 and their further spread. This report proves that further transmission of CoVID-19 to the Middle East was because of human mobility, besides engaging in different Jewish and Shi'ite religious rites. This report suggests avoiding several religious rites, closing the borders of infected countries, and supporting the infected countries to prevent further transmission.},
}
@article {pmid32495919,
year = {2020},
author = {Robles, J and Aggarwal, G and Aggarwal, S},
title = {Representation of specialties in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) research: analysis of published literature in the first 3 months.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5810-5812},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21375},
pmid = {32495919},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 1.5 million patients worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The volume of research published in a specialty, which may shed light on the perceived impact that a topic plays within that discipline, is unknown for the present pandemic.<br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed all articles published in the first 3 months on COVID-19 and categorized them by journal type and article content.<br><br>RESULTS: There was a ~100-fold difference in articles published on COVID when categorized by journal type and ~65-fold difference when grouped by article content.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: There is a wide variation in research published withing various specialties regarding COVID-19. Researchers across specialties need to urgently realize the impact of COVID-19 and publish articles that can help improve understanding of this ongoing pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32495918,
year = {2020},
author = {Xu, P and Sun, GD and Li, ZZ},
title = {Clinical characteristics of two human-to-human transmitted coronaviruses: Corona Virus Disease 2019 vs. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5797-5809},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21374},
pmid = {32495918},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Subsequent to a global outbreak of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, a novel human coronavirus, known as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a major disease outbreak. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review to compare epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of COVID-19 and MERS-COV populations.<br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database to identify potential studies that have reported COVID-19 or MERS-COV disease. Epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory outcomes, intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates, discharge rates, and fatality rates were evaluated using Graph-Pad Prism software.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of forty-two studies were included in our research, involving in 4,720 patients (COVID-19 = 2,012, MERS-COV = 2,708). The present study revealed that main clinical manifestations of both COVID-19 and MERS-COV populations are fever, cough and generalized weakness or myalgia, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is the main complication. The COVID-19 population has a lower rate of ICU admissions, discharges, fatalities, and shorter incubation periods than those of MERS-COV population.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The main clinical features of both COVID-19 and MERS-COV populations are fever, cough and generalized weakness or myalgia. ARDS is the main complication of both populations. COVID-19 cases have a shorter incubation period and lower rate of ICU admissions, discharges and fatalities compared to MRES-COV population.},
}
@article {pmid32495917,
year = {2020},
author = {Ding, JG and Li, J and Hong, L and Yu, XQ and Ye, EL and Sun, GQ and Zhang, XX and Chen, L and Sun, QF},
title = {Viral kinetics and factors associated with rapid viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination therapy in non-severe COVID-19 patients.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5788-5796},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21373},
pmid = {32495917},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Lopinavir/ritonavir has modest antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to investigate the viral kinetics and factors associated with viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination treatment in non-severe patients.<br><br>PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients were retrospectively enrolled. Viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR assay from sputum or throat swab samples at different time points. The patterns of viral kinetics were characterized, and factors associated with rapid viral clearance, which was defined as viral RNA undetectable within two weeks, were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses.<br><br>RESULTS: All patients achieved viral RNA negativity and were discharged from the hospital. Furthermore, 48 (75%) and 16 (25%) patients achieved rapid and delayed viral clearance, respectively. The lymphocyte counts of rapid viral clearance patients (1.40 [1.20-1.80] × 109/L) were higher, when compared to delayed viral clearance patients (1.00 [0.70-1.47] × 109/L) (p=0.024). The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that high lymphocyte count (≥1.3×109/L) is an independent factor associated with rapid viral clearance (OR=7.62, 95% CI=1.15-50.34, p=0.035).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The viral shedding exhibited different patterns during treatment. Immune insufficiency is responsible for the delayed viral clearance, suggesting that an immunomodulator should be considered to promote viral clearance in patients with low lymphocyte counts.},
}
@article {pmid32495916,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, L and Peng, X and Wang, ZH and Cai, J and Zhou, FC},
title = {Tocilizumab in the treatment of a critical COVID-19 patient: a case report.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5783-5787},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21372},
pmid = {32495916},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {In December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China and the rest of the world. COVID-19 is currently a global pandemic. There are cytokine storms in severe COVID-19 patients. Interleukin-6 plays an important role in cytokine storm. Tocilizumab is a blocker of interleukin-6 receptor, which is likely to become an effective drug for patients with severe COVID-19. Here, we reported a case in which tocilizumab was effective for a critical COVID-19 patient.},
}
@article {pmid32495915,
year = {2020},
author = {Zou, J and Song, DW and Niu, JJ and Shi, JW and Yang, HL},
title = {Standardized out-patient diagnosis and treatment process for osteoporosis clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5778-5782},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21371},
pmid = {32495915},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {Since the end of 2019, China and other regions around the world have been facing a pandemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). The virus is highly transmissible, and the human population is generally susceptible. Most patients with osteoporosis are postmenopausal women or elderly people with hypoimmunity, so the osteoporosis clinic has become a new hotspot for corona virus infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to establish standardized out-patient protocols to provide safe and effective treatment for osteoporosis patients and medical staff. In an osteoporosis clinic, we advocate the following suggestions to prevent and control osteoporosis during the pandemic period: (1) specialized diagnosis and treatment techniques for osteoporosis patients in the outpatient care, including enhancing the prevention for outpatient medical staff, strengthening awareness of COVID-19 prevention, strictly screening outpatients with COVID-19 infection, and insistent administration of anti-osteoporosis drugs during outbreaks; (2) home prevention for osteoporosis patients including keeping windows open, exposing them to sunlight, supplementing them with enough protein, exercising regularly, and administrating calcium supplements; and (3) simplifying the follow-up and evaluation of osteoporosis using online platforms.},
}
@article {pmid32495914,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, QX and Huang, KC and Qi, L and Zeng, XH and Zheng, SL},
title = {No infectious risk of COVID-19 patients with long-term fecal 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5772-5777},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21370},
pmid = {32495914},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: It has recently been reported that some COVID-19 patients have long-term positive fecal nucleic acid after discharging from the hospital with negative nucleic acid in the respiratory tract, but it is unclear whether COVID-19 patients with positive long-term fecal nucleic acid tests have the risk of self-infection.<br><br>PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 25, 2020 to March 9, 2020, 5 COVID-19 patients with negative respiratory tract nucleic acid and positive fecal nucleic acid were observed and studied to explore whether these patients can re-infect themselves. Five patients with COVID-19 accompanied by diarrhea as the main gastrointestinal symptoms were carefully observed through clinical symptoms, imaging and other auxiliary examinations. The RT-PCR technology was used to continuously detect fecal and respiratory viral nucleic acids. The IgM antibody was detected on the 7th day of admission and IgM/IgG at the time of discharge.<br><br>RESULTS: All 5 patients had symptoms of fever and diarrhea upon admission. The fecal nucleic acid was positive, as well as the throat swab was positive. All COVID-19 patients had positive IgM antibodies on the 7th day of admission and positive IgM and IgG at the time of discharge, and there were no abnormalities in the gastrointestinal examination on discharge. All 5 fecal nucleic acid tests were positive at the time of discharge. After continuous dynamic follow-up for 3-15 days, no clinical symptoms recurred, and the last nucleic acid test was negative.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: There is no risk of self-infection for COVID-19 patients with long-term 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive in feces.},
}
@article {pmid32495913,
year = {2020},
author = {Novara, E and Molinaro, E and Benedetti, I and Bonometti, R and Lauritano, EC and Boverio, R},
title = {Severe acute dried gangrene in COVID-19 infection: a case report.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5769-5771},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21369},
pmid = {32495913},
issn = {2284-0729},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related coagulopathy may be the first clinical manifestation even in non-vasculopathic patients and is often associated with worse clinical outcomes.<br><br>CASE PRESENTATION: A 78 years old woman was admitted to the Emergency Unit with respiratory symptoms, confusion and cyanosis at the extremity, in particular at the nose area, hands and feet fingers. A nasal swab for COVID-19 was performed, which resulted positive, and so therapy with doxycycline, hydroxychloroquine and antiviral agents was started. At admission, the patient was hemodynamically unstable requiring circulatory support with liquids and norepinephrine; laboratory tests showed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). During hospitalization, the clinical condition worsened and the cyanosis of the nose, fingers, and toes rapidly increased and became dried gangrene in three days. Subsequently, the neurological state deteriorated into a coma and the patient died.<br><br>DISCUSSION: In severe cases, COVID-19 could be complicated by acute respiratory disease syndrome, septic shock, and multi-organ failure. This case report shows the quick development of dried gangrene in a non-vasculopathic patient, as a consequence of COVID-19's coagulopathy and DIC.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In our patient, COVID-19 related coagulopathy was associated with poor prognosis.},
}
@article {pmid32495850,
year = {2020},
author = {Marinelli, E},
title = {The impact of heroin illicit market in the framework of COVID 19 pandemic.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5197-5198},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21299},
pmid = {32495850},
issn = {2284-0729},
}
@article {pmid32495849,
year = {2020},
author = {Di Stadio, A and Della Volpe, A and Ralli, M and Ricci, G},
title = {Gender differences in COVID-19 infection. The estrogen effect on upper and lower airways. Can it help to figure out a treatment?.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5195-5196},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21298},
pmid = {32495849},
issn = {2284-0729},
}
@article {pmid32495848,
year = {2020},
author = {Izzi, A and Messina, V and Rinaldi, L and Maggi, P},
title = {Editorial - Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir as a combination with strong potential activity against SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) infection: how to use direct-acting antivirals as broad-spectrum antiviral agents.},
journal = {European review for medical and pharmacological sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {10},
pages = {5193-5194},
doi = {10.26355/eurrev_202005_21297},
pmid = {32495848},
issn = {2284-0729},
}
@article {pmid32495830,
year = {2020},
author = {Vilendrer, S and Patel, B and Chadwick, W and Hwa, M and Asch, S and Pageler, N and Ramdeo, R and Saliba-Gustafsson, EA and Strong, P and Sharp, C},
title = {Rapid Deployment of Inpatient Telemedicine In Response to COVID-19 Across Three Health Systems.},
journal = {Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jamia/ocaa077},
pmid = {32495830},
issn = {1527-974X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To reduce pathogen exposure, conserve personal protective equipment, and facilitate health care personnel work participation in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, three affiliated institutions rapidly and independently deployed inpatient telemedicine programs during March 2020. We describe key features and early learnings of these programs in the hospital setting.<br><br>METHODS: Relevant clinical and operational leadership from an academic medical center, pediatric teaching hospital, and safety net county health system met to share learnings shortly after deploying inpatient telemedicine. A summative analysis of their learnings was re-circulated for approval.<br><br>RESULTS: All three institutions faced pressure to urgently standup new telemedicine systems while still maintaining secure information exchange. Differences across patient demographics and technological capabilities led to variation in solution design, though key technical considerations were similar. Rapid deployment in each system relied on readily available consumer-grade technology, given the existing familiarity to patients and clinicians and minimal infrastructure investment. Preliminary data from the academic medical center over one month suggested positive adoption with 631 inpatient video calls lasting an average (standard deviation) of 16.5 minutes (19.6) based on inclusion criteria.<br><br>DISCUSSION: The threat of an imminent surge of COVID-19 patients drove three institutions to rapidly develop inpatient telemedicine solutions. Concurrently, federal and state regulators temporarily relaxed restrictions that would have previously limited these efforts. Strategic direction from executive leadership, leveraging off-the-shelf hardware, vendor engagement, and clinical workflow integration facilitated rapid deployment.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The rapid deployment of inpatient telemedicine is feasible across diverse settings as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32495826,
year = {2020},
author = {Martin Arranz, E and Suarez Ferrer, C and García Ramírez, L and Rueda García, JL and Sánchez-Azofra, M and Poza Cordón, J and Noci, J and Zabana, Y and Barreiro-de Acosta, M and Martín-Arranz, MD},
title = {Management of COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Units: Results From a National Survey.},
journal = {Inflammatory bowel diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ibd/izaa142},
pmid = {32495826},
issn = {1536-4844},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The outbreak of COVID-19 has rapidly evolved into a pandemic that has represented a challenge to health systems worldwide. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) units have been forced to change their practices to address the disease and to ensure the quality of care.<br><br>METHODS: We conducted a national survey among IBD gastroenterologist members of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Colitis regarding changes of practice, IBD treatments, and diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.<br><br>RESULTS: We received 54 answers from Spanish hospitals. One hundred percent of the IBD units rescheduled onsite visits to telematic consultation, and elective endoscopic and surgical procedures were delayed. Protective measures were also taken in the infusion units (100% of health centers) and hospital pharmacies, with 40.7% sending subcutaneous medications to patients. No switching between intravenous and subcutaneous anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs were made. We also found that 96.1% of IBD units advised their patients to maintain treatment if they were asymptomatic for COVID-19. For patients with COVID-19 symptoms, 92.6% of IBD units referred them to primary care or the emergency department. In addition, 7.5% of IBD units made a COVID-19 diagnosis through polymerase chain reaction and/or chest x-ray.Modifications in IBD treatment and treatment recommended for COVID-19 are also discussed.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: We report a representative national survey of changes made in the structure, diagnosis of COVID-19, and modifications in IBD treatments within IBD units.},
}
@article {pmid32495825,
year = {2020},
author = {},
title = {Corrigendum to: &quot;Letter: Neurosurgery and Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic: Doing our Part&quot; by Pesce et al. Neurosurgery, nyaa115, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyaa115.},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/neuros/nyaa260},
pmid = {32495825},
issn = {1524-4040},
}
@article {pmid32495819,
year = {2020},
author = {Montemurro, P and Hedén, P and Adams, WP and de Vita, R and Pellegatta, T},
title = {Effects of COVID-19 on Plastic Surgery Practices and Medi-Spas in Different Countries.},
journal = {Aesthetic surgery journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/asj/sjaa104},
pmid = {32495819},
issn = {1527-330X},
}
@article {pmid32495654,
year = {2020},
author = {Ayaz, S and Crea, F},
title = {Targeting SARS-CoV-2 using polycomb inhibitors as antiviral agents.},
journal = {Epigenomics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2217/epi-2020-0154},
pmid = {32495654},
issn = {1750-192X},
}
@article {pmid32495582,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, LX and Xie, YM},
title = {[Suggestions on design of evidence-based traditional Chinese medicine clinical study for new public health emergencies].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2291-2295},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200318.501},
pmid = {32495582},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) has occurred for 2 months, and seriously affected the people's health in the world. Therefore, scientific prevention and control strategies and effective intervention measures are the only ways to solve the world problem. In the determination of intervention measures, not only the effectiveness evaluation, but also accessibility, treatment cost, inventory and production capacity and other relevant sociological issues shall be considered, especially in low and middle-income countries and regions. With the introduction of clinical epidemiological experiment design and evidence-based medicine evidence evaluation into the evaluation of curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), TCM has officially entered the studies of syndrome regularity of new public health emergencies(such as SARS and influenza) clearly diagnosed by modern medicine for many years, as well as the development of relevant guidelines, consensus and paths. The results of curative effect show that TCM could significantly alleviate symptoms, control disease and tendency, reduce the occurrence of critical illness, and improve the clinical efficacy and the prognosis and quality of life of patients, which fully reflects the consciousness and self-confidence of traditional Chinese medicine workers. For the evidence-based evaluation of TCM intervention in new public health emergencies, the basic principles and general methods of clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine shall be followed to obtain high-quality evidence; besides, we shall also fully realize that clinical scientific study is carried out with the epidemic treatment as the primary task. The scientific hypothesis comes from the clinical problems unsolved. The scientific study conclusions aim to give feedbacks to clinical diagnosis and treatment regimens. The core elements of clinical trials are population(P), intervention(I), control(C), outcome(O), which are abbreviated as &amp;quot;PICO&amp;quot;. The evaluation of intervention measures for new public health emergencies with traditional Chinese medicine shall have clear study objectives and a high quality, with a correct analysis method as the guarantee of real and reliable results. Then, the selection of patients, the de-finition of intervention measures and control measures, the development of end-point indicators, the clinical quality control under special epidemics, the data verification, and the data analysis methods to be adopted are all characteristics and key points that need special consideration. It is suggested that scientific experimental design, rigorous collection and scientific data analysis shall be conducted to reflect the therapeutic value of traditional Chinese medicine, so that the study results could be adopted and shared, and become the scientific evidence for China and even the global to republish the diagnosis and treatment regimens.},
}
@article {pmid32495581,
year = {2020},
author = {Gu, H and Wang, ZF and Xie, YM},
title = {[Ethical review of clinical study on intervention with traditional Chinese medicine in new public health emergencies].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2287-2290},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200318.502},
pmid = {32495581},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {High-quality clinical study on traditional Chinese medicine is of great significance to effectively control new public health emergencies represented by outbreaks of infectious diseases and ensure people's health and safety, but it still faces a series of ethical issues. Based on the seven core values of equity, good deeds, effectiveness, respect for individuals, freedom, reciprocity, and solida-rity proposed in the Guidelines for Management of Ethical Issues in Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases, this article emphasizes the characteristics and laws of clinical studies on traditional Chinese medicine. Main points of ethical review of traditional Chinese medicine were summarized in the aspects of overall concept, syndrome differentiation and treatment, prevention before disease onset, cultural value, and clinical basis. Based on the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), we collected relevant registered Chinese medicine clinical studies, summarized the core issues of the ethics review for COVID-19, and further improved the traditional Chinese medicine ethics review system and resources, so as to better serve ethical review and scientific studies in public health emergencies.},
}
@article {pmid32495580,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, D and Lyu, JT and Zhang, B and Zhang, XM and Lin, ZJ},
title = {[Pharmacovigilance study on drug-induced cardiac injury during treatment of COVID-19].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2275-2286},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200322.503},
pmid = {32495580},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {Because coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is highly contagious and serious, it has posed a major threat to public health worldwide. The curative effects of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 have been widely recognized and confirmed. However, medical workers shall pay attention to drug-induced heart injury in clinical application. Based on the guideline from the Diagnosis and Treatment Plans for COVID-19(trial seventh edition), taking the recommended drugs as examples, by Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese herbal injection and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, the study analyzed the basic characteristics of recommended drugs for cardiac injury by means of literature review and bioinformatics methods, and summarized cardiac adverse reactions, toxicity mechanisms, combined pharmacotherapy, special population and drug monitoring, focusing on the clinical manifestations, toxic components, targets and regulatory mechanisms of drug-induced cardiac injury. The findings suggested being vigilant to drug-induced cardiac injury during the treatment of COVID-19, playing the advantages of clinical pharmacists and clinical Chinese pharmacists, improving the knowledge reserve of pharmacovigilance, strengthening the prescription review, medication notification and medication monitoring, promoting rational drug use and paying attention to special populations and high-risk groups. The study aims to provide suggestions and reference for pharmacovigilance and pharmaceutical care for front-line doctors and pharmacists against COVID-19, in order to avoid the occurrence of drug-induced heart injury for patients with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495579,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, ZY and Tuya, and Li, HT and He, J and Quesheng, and Dong, GP and Zhang, MS and Liu, JQ and Huang, XL and Wang, XR and Bolat, M and Feng, X and Zhang, FB and Jiang, F},
title = {[Usage of ethnomedicine on COVID-19 in China].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2265-2274},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200316.408},
pmid = {32495579},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {In December 2019, an outbreak of viral pneumonia began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which caused the spread of infectious pneumonia to a certain extent in China and neighboring countries and regions, and triggered the epidemic crisis. The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease listed as a B infectious disease, which is managed according to standards for A infectious disease. Traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine have played an active role in the prevention and control of this epidemic. China's ethnomedicine has recognized infectious diseases since ancient times, and formed a medical system including theory, therapies, formula and herbal medicines for such diseases. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan, Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou have issued the prevention and control programs for COVID-19 using Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, Yi and Miao medicines. These programs reflect the wisdom of ethnomedicine in preventing and treating diseases, which have successfully extracted prescriptions and preventive measures for the outbreak of the epidemic from their own medical theories and traditional experiences. In this paper, we summarized and explained the prescriptions and medicinal materials of ethnomedicine in these programs, and the origin of Tibetan medicine prescriptions and Mongolian medicine prescriptions in ancient books were studied. These become the common characteristics of medical prevention and treatment programs for ethnomedicine to formulate therapeutic programs under the guidance of traditional medicine theories, recommend prescriptions and prevention and treatment methods with characteristics of ethnomedicine, and focus on the conve-nience and standardization. However, strengthening the support of science and technology and the popularization to the public, and improving the participation of ethnomedicine in national public health services and the capacity-building to deal with sudden and critical diseases are key contents in the development of ethnomedicine in the future.},
}
@article {pmid32495578,
year = {2020},
author = {Guo, FF and Zhang, YQ and Tang, SH and Tang, X and Xu, H and Liu, ZY and Huo, RL and Li, D and Yang, HJ},
title = {[TCMATCOV--a bioinformatics platform to predict efficacy of TCM against COVID-19].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2257-2264},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200312.401},
pmid = {32495578},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {There is urgent need to discover effective traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for treating coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). The development of a bioinformatic tool is beneficial to predict the efficacy of TCM against COVID-19. Here we deve-loped a prediction platform TCMATCOV to predict the efficacy of the anti-coronavirus pneumonia effect of TCM, based on the interaction network imitating the disease network of COVID-19. This COVID-19 network model was constructed by protein-protein interactions of differentially expressed genes in mouse pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV and cytokines specifically up-regulated by COVID-19. TCMATCOV adopted quantitative evaluation algorithm of disease network disturbance after multi-target drug attack to predict potential drug effects. Based on the TCMATCOV platform, 106 TCM were calculated and predicted. Among them, the TCM with a high disturbance score account for a high proportion of the classic anti-COVID-19 prescriptions used by clinicians, suggesting that TCMATCOV has a good prediction ability to discover the effective TCM. The five flavors of Chinese medicine with a disturbance score greater than 1 are mainly spicy and bitter. The main meridian of these TCM is lung, heart, spleen, liver, and stomach meridian. The TCM related with QI and warm TCM have higher disturbance score. As a prediction tool for anti-COVID-19 TCM prescription, TCMATCOV platform possesses the potential to discovery possible effective TCM against COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495577,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, Y and Li, X and Zhang, JH and Xue, R and Qian, JY and Zhang, XH and Zhang, H and Liu, QQ and Fan, XH and Cheng, YY and Zhang, BL},
title = {[Mechanism of Xuanfei Baidu Tang in treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2249-2256},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200325.401},
pmid = {32495577},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {The study aimed to investigate the multi-constituent, multi-target mechanism of Xuanfei Baidu Tang(XFBD) in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), through exploring the main ingredients and effective targets of XFBD, as well as analyzing the correlation between XFBD targets and COVID-19. The compounds of each herb in XFBD were collected from TCM-PTD, ETCM, TCMSP and SymMap database. Next, the information of meridian tropisms was collected from Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition), and the target information of the major constituents of XFBD were obtained from TCM-PTD, ETCM, TCMSP and TargetNet database. Subsequently, the target network model and the major modules were generated by Cytoscape, and the functional enrichment analysis of XFBD targets were completed by DAVID and STRING. As a result, ten of the 13 herbs in XFBD belonged to the lung meridian, and 326 of the 1 224 putative XFBD targets were associated with the disease target of COVID-19, among which 109 targets were enriched in the disease pathways of viral infection and lung injury. The main biological pathways regulated by the key XFBD targets included viral infection, energy metabolism, immunity and inflammation, parasites and bacterial infections. In conclusion, the therapeutic mechanism of XFBD in COVID-19 showed a multi-herb, multi-constituent, multi-target pattern, with lung as the chief targeted organ. By regulating a series of biological pathways closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases, XFBD plays a role in balancing immunity, eliminating inflammation, regulating hepatic and biliary metabolism and recovering energy metabolism balance.},
}
@article {pmid32495576,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, Y and Guo, YB and Guo, R and Chen, XF and Chang, GH and Li, X and Hao, LY and Sun, ZR and Zhang, ZL},
title = {[Visual analysis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) studies based on bibliometrics].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2239-2248},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200320.501},
pmid = {32495576},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {To analyze the development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), this study systematically retrieved relevant Chinese and English literatures from both CNKI and Web of Science database platforms by bibliometric research method and CiteSpace 5.5.R2 software to obtain information and visualize relevant literatures. A total of 695 Chinese and 446 English literatures were included in this paper. Statistics showed that China had published most of the literatures and established close cooperation with the United States and the United Kingdom. Through the analysis, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and its affiliated hospitals published the largest number of the publications. Moreover, the highly productive journals including Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and The Lancet covered eight major fields, such as medicine, medical virology, radiation medicine, infectious disease, and traditional Chinese medicine. Besides, a total of 35 special COVID-19 funds were recently established to subsidize these studies. The key words and themes analysis indicated that protein structure of COVID-19, receptor targets and mechanisms of action, integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, screening and development of antiviral drugs from traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, vaccine research as well as epidemiological characteristics and prediction are current study hotspots. This study provides a reference for researchers to rapidly master main study directions of COVID-19 and screen out relevant literatures.},
}
@article {pmid32495575,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, L and Cheng, ZQ and Liu, F and Xia, Y and Chen, YG},
title = {[Analysis of 131 cases of COVID-19 treated with Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2232-2238},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200322.505},
pmid = {32495575},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {In this study, Donghua Hospital information management system and Meikang clinical pharmacy management system were used to collect medical records of all inpatients diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Wuhan Third Hospital. The statistics was based on the data of the cases treated with Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction, including demographic statistics, clinical cha-racteristics before medication, outcome of after medication and efficacy of drug combination. Excel 2003 and SPSS Clementine 12.0 software were used to conduct statistics on the included cases, and Apriori algorithm and association rules were used for the association analysis on drug combination. A total of 131 cases of COVID-19 were treated with Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction combined with Chinese and Western medicine. All of the patients were cured and discharged. The drug combination mainly included Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction, abidor, Lianhua Qingwen, moxifloxacin, Qiangli Pipa Lu, vitamin C, glycyrrhizinate diammonium, pantoprazole and Shufeng Jiedu. There is a certain regularity and effectiveness in the treatment of COVID-19 infection patients with the combination of Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction and other drugs, but the rationality and safety still need to be further verified.},
}
@article {pmid32495574,
year = {2020},
author = {Yang, MW and Chen, F and Zhu, DJ and Li, JZ and Zhu, JL and Zeng, W and Qu, SL and Zhang, Y},
title = {[Clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in treatment of 40 cases of COVID-19].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {2221-2231},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200323.501},
pmid = {32495574},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {In this paper, we analyzed medical records of 40 patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), in order to explore the clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in the treatment of COVID-19. The investigation was based on the results of a previous animal test, which was aimed to investigate and confirme the clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in the treatment of COVID-19. The animal test demonstrated that Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection has a significant therapeutic effect on the human coronavirus pneumonia for the model mice. The lung inhibition index reached up to 86.86%. The evaluation was conducted on 40 confirmed cases of COVID-19 treated at Jingzhou Hospital of Infectious Disease(Chest Hospital) of Hubei Pro-vince from January 30~(th) to March 21~(th), 2020. In these cases, patients were treated with other integrated Chinese and Western medicines regimens in the recommended Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection diagnosis and treatment regimen. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, nucleic acid clearance time, and imaging data were compared and analyzed before and after treatment. After administration with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection, the clinical symptoms of 40 cases were alleviated markedly, and their blood analysis and biochemical indexes returned to normal. The lung CT showed more than 50% of lesion absorption rate, and the viral nucleic acid test showed the average clearance time of patients was 16.6 days, and the average length of hospital stay was 25.9 days. After administration with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection, the symptoms of cough and fatigue were alleviated significantly, and the appetite was significantly improved compared with before, especially for patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, laboratory indicators, especially absolute value and ratio of lymphocytes and CRP were significantly alleviated. According to the chest CT for short-term review, the absorption of lung lesions was faster than before, especially for grid-like and fibrotic lesions. Compared with antiviral drugs, such as Abidol and Kriging, the nucleic acid clearance time was significantly shorter than the cases treated with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection. The clinical effective rate of 40 cases was 100.0%. We believed that Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection have a good clinical effect in the treatment of COVID-19, and suggested increasing the clinical application and further conducting large-sample-size cli-nical verification.},
}
@article {pmid32495511,
year = {2020},
author = {Hsieh, MW and Lee, CC and Ou, SF and Kuo, YR},
title = {Telemedicine algorithm for chronic wound care during COVID-19.},
journal = {International wound journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/iwj.13409},
pmid = {32495511},
issn = {1742-481X},
}
@article {pmid32495496,
year = {2020},
author = {Meszaros, M and Meunier, L and Morquin, D and Klouche, K and Fesler, P and Malezieux, E and Makinson, A and le Moing, V and Reynes, J and Pageaux, GP},
title = {Abnormal liver tests in patients hospitalized with Coronavirus disease 2019: should we worry?.},
journal = {Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/liv.14557},
pmid = {32495496},
issn = {1478-3231},
abstract = {While several studies from China have reported COVID-19-related liver injury, there are currently no data on liver dysfunction in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Europe. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and predictive value of abnormal liver function in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This was a retrospective cohort study of confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in two referral hospitals in France. Clinical, biological, and radiological data were collected and analyzed. Two hundred and thirty-four patients confirmed to have COVID-19 by RT-PCR were included. Liver function was abnormal in 66.6% of patients on admission. In multivariate logistic regression, abnormal liver test on admission were associated with in-hospital aggravation (OR=4.1, 95%CI 1.5-10.8; p=0.004) and mortality (OR 3.3; 95% CI=1.04-10.5; p=0.04). This study of liver tests in a European COVID-19 population confirms a high prevalence of abnormal liver tests on admission that are predictive of severe disease course and higher in-hospital mortality.},
}
@article {pmid32495493,
year = {2020},
author = {Clément, K and Coupaye, M and Laville, M and Oppert, JM and Ziegler, O},
title = {COVID-19: a lever for the recognition of obesity as a disease? The French experience.},
journal = {Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/oby.22924},
pmid = {32495493},
issn = {1930-739X},
abstract = {Despite repeated efforts by the international scientific community, academic societies and the combined actions of patient associations, public authorities have difficulties in admitting that obesity is not just a risk factor but a disease. Could our current experience with the COVID-19 pandemic be a lever to advance the cause of people with obesity? In this crisis, it seems pertinent to report on the French experience with the actions of stakeholders that were able to challenge the status quo in this field.},
}
@article {pmid32495468,
year = {2020},
author = {Cameli, N and Mariano, M and Latini, A and Morrone, A and Cristaudo, A},
title = {Laser Safety Measures for The Treatment of Genital Warts in Hiv+ Patients During The Covid-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13750},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13750},
pmid = {32495468},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495445,
year = {2020},
author = {Ramondetta, A and Ribero, S and Costi, S and Dapavo, P},
title = {Pression-induced facial ulcers by prone position for COVID-19 mechanical ventilation.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13748},
pmid = {32495445},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495403,
year = {2020},
author = {Stewart, CR and Lipner, SR},
title = {Safeguarding Dermatologist Attendings and Residents Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Special Populations.},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13749},
doi = {10.1111/dth.13749},
pmid = {32495403},
issn = {1529-8019},
}
@article {pmid32495400,
year = {2020},
author = {Rosell-Díaz, AM and Mateos-Mayo, A and Nieto-Benito, LM and Balaguer-Franch, I and Hernández de, E and la Torre-Ruiz, and Laínez-Nuez, A and Suárez-Fernández, R and Bergón-Sendín, M},
title = {Exanthema and eosinophilia in Covid-19 patients: has viral infection a role in drug induced exanthemas?.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16709},
pmid = {32495400},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {At the present time, the whole world is faced with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Cutaneous manifestations in these patients are being increasingly reported, including rash, acrocyanosis or urticaria(1). Exanthemas in covid-19 patients are becoming frequent in our daily practice and they pose a challenge regarding their pathogenesis. We present a retrospective case series of twelve adult patients (6 male/6 female) with a mean age of 66,3 years (47-79). All patients had pneumonia and nasopharyngeal swab PCR positive for SARS CoV-2 and had received treatment for Covid-19 per protocol established. Table 1 shows the characteristics of these patients.},
}
@article {pmid32495393,
year = {2020},
author = {Bhatia, R and Sindhuja, T and Bhatia, S and Dev, T and Gupta, A and Bajpai, M and Gupta, S},
title = {Iatrogenic dermatitis in times of COVID-19: A pandemic within a pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16710},
pmid = {32495393},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {The pandemic of the 21st century, COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and swiftly became a global phenomenon. The frontline barriers for preventing spread are hand hygiene and personal protective equipment (PPE). The amplified hygiene practices and PPE as recommended have brought in its wake a second pandemic- a pandemic of dermatitis!. We reviewed the most prevalent types of iatrogenic skin damage among health-care workers (HCWs), notably irritant, and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to PPE and hand-hygiene measures, as well as face mask induced pressure-related skin damage.},
}
@article {pmid32495391,
year = {2020},
author = {Wahlster, L and Weichert-Leahey, N and Trissal, M and Grace, RF and Sankaran, VG},
title = {COVID-19 presenting with autoimmune hemolytic anemia in the setting of underlying immune dysregulation.},
journal = {Pediatric blood &amp; cancer},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e28382},
doi = {10.1002/pbc.28382},
pmid = {32495391},
issn = {1545-5017},
support = {R01 DK103794/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; },
}
@article {pmid32495390,
year = {2020},
author = {Santos, WJ and Guiraldi, LM and Lucheis, SB},
title = {Should we be concerned about COVID-19 with nonhuman primates?.},
journal = {American journal of primatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e23158},
doi = {10.1002/ajp.23158},
pmid = {32495390},
issn = {1098-2345},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has radically changed the human activities worldwide. Although we are still learning about the disease, it is necessary that primatologists, veterinarians, and all that are living with nonhuman primates (NHP) be concerned about the probable health impacts as these animals face this new pandemic. We want to increase discussion with the scientific community that is directly involved with these animals, because preliminary studies report that NHP may become infected and develop symptoms similar to those in human beings.},
}
@article {pmid32495372,
year = {2020},
author = {Kulasekararaj, AG and Lazana, I and Large, J and Posadas, K and Eagleton, H and Villajin, JL and Zuckerman, M and Gandhi, S and Marsh, JC},
title = {Terminal complement inhibition dampens the inflammation during COVID-19.},
journal = {British journal of haematology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/bjh.16916},
pmid = {32495372},
issn = {1365-2141},
abstract = {Emerging evidence suggests that activation of the complement system is critical in the pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 related lung injury. Inhibition of the terminal complement pathway by targeting complement protein 5 (C5) may be an effective therapeutic intervention in CoV-mediated disease.1 Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disease characterized by intravascular haemolysis, increased thromboembolic risk and bone marrow failure.2.},
}
@article {pmid32495368,
year = {2020},
author = {Reymundo, A and Fernáldez-Bernáldez, A and Reolid, A and Butrón, B and Fernández-Rico, P and Muñoz-Hernández, P and De Argila, D and Llamas-Velasco, M},
title = {Clinical and histological characterization of late appearance maculopapular eruptions in association with the coronavirus disease 2019. A case series of seven patients.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16707},
pmid = {32495368},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Since the first report of cutaneous manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by Recalcati et al1 , there has been described five clinical patterns including pseudo-chilblain lesions, vesicular eruptions, urticarial lesions, livedo and necrosis and maculopapular eruptions2 . Several clinical reports have been published recently describing these clinical patterns although there is still a lack of information regarding histopathology of maculopapular eruptions. We designed a retrospective study of patients attended in our department over the course of three weeks. We collected clinical data and pictures, and performed a biopsy when possible.},
}
@article {pmid32495339,
year = {2020},
author = {Rosa, WE and Davidson, PM},
title = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): strengthening our resolve to achieve universal palliative care.},
journal = {International nursing review},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/inr.12592},
pmid = {32495339},
issn = {1466-7657},
abstract = {In this paper, we strongly advocate for universal palliative care access during the COVID-19 pandemic. The delivery of universal palliative care services has been called for by leading global health organizations and experts. Nurses are critical to realizing this goal. COVID-19 diagnoses and fatalities continue to rise, underscoring the importance of palliative care, particularly in the context of scant resources. To inform the writing of this paper, we undertook a review of the COVID-19 and palliative care literature and drew on our experiences. It is very clear that investment in nurses is needed to ensure appropriate palliative care services now and into the future. Avoiding futile interventions and alleviating suffering is an ethical imperative for nurses regardless of the setting. Multi-level practices and policies to foster the delivery of safe, high-quality palliative care for all are urgently needed.},
}
@article {pmid32495337,
year = {2020},
author = {Hsu, TC and Wu, CC and Lai, PY and Syue, LS and Lai, YY and Ko, NY},
title = {[Nursing Experience of Caring for a Patient With COVID-19 During Isolation].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {111-119},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).15},
pmid = {32495337},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic continues to have a global impact. This article describes the author's experience providing nursing care to a female patient who was diagnosed with COVID-19 after returning to Taiwan from overseas. During the patient's period of isolation (February 5th to February 29th, 2020), the author used Roy's adaptation model to perform first-level holistic physical, psychological, and social nursing assessments and collected health-problem information using face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, and observations via a remote monitoring system. A second level of assessment confirmed that the problems faced by the patient included (1) existing infections related to COVID-19 and (2) anxiety related to uncertainties about disease prognosis, forgiveness from the family, and potential violations of personal privacy by the media. Due to the special nature of the isolation ward, the author used a remote physiological monitoring system to monitor the vital signs, fever, and shortness of breath status of the patient to quickly decrease her physical discomfort and to improve her self-care ability during hospitalization. Environmental cleanliness was strictly maintained to reduce the risk of cross-infection and ensure patient safety. To alleviate patient anxiety, the author established a good therapeutic interpersonal relationship with the patient by making 10-60 minutes of caring calls to her each day, by providing individual care measures, and by using the Internet to play audio and video to teach mindfulness meditation. Caring for COVID-19 cases is a completely new experience. The author hopes that this experience may be used as a reference for caregivers.},
}
@article {pmid32495336,
year = {2020},
author = {Peng, MT},
title = {[Nurses: A Voice to Lead, Nursing the World to Health-Viewing COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention Efforts in Light of Nightingale's Perspective on Infection Control].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {102-110},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).14},
pmid = {32495336},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), extolled as the founder of modern nursing, contributed greatly to the advancement of modern public health. Written 150 years ago, Nightingale's advice on infection control, addressing the importance of hand washing, environmental sanitation, ventilation, sunshine, statistical data, and health literacy, remains highly relevant in today's global fight against the coronavirus. In honor of Florence Nightingale's 200th birthday, World Health Organization declared 2020 the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife. The era of &quot;Nurses: A Voice to Lead - Nursing the World to Health&quot; is drawing near. This article addresses the profound impact of Nightingale's infection control and public health perspectives on measures currently being taken to contain coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, we call on governments throughout the world to invest proactively in nursing to assure the safety of patients and promote public health in order to achieve the pledge of the United Nations' sustainable development goals to leave no one behind.},
}
@article {pmid32495335,
year = {2020},
author = {Hsieh, HY and Hsu, YY and Ko, NY and Yen, M},
title = {[Nursing Education Strategies During the COVID-19 Epidemic].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {96-101},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).13},
pmid = {32495335},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {The ongoing new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which arose at the end of 2019, poses a severe challenge to world public health systems. Frontline medical staffs bear a great burden to provide health care services. The Taiwan government has taken rapid and decisive actions to reduce the risk of community transmission and campus cluster infection. Nursing education includes both classroom teaching and clinical practicum components. In preparing for their practicum, students must learn not only fundamental nursing care knowledge but also basic knowledge on emerging infectious diseases. All schools nationwide have complied with the Ministry of Education order to postpone the opening of the fall semester in response to the rapid evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. Campus epidemic prevention measures were implemented through student counseling networks, and flexible teaching strategies, including online teaching and distance teaching, were implemented to protect the learning rights of students. This paper explores the strategies implemented in response to emerging infectious diseases in nursing education based on the core values of professional nursing. Examining the precautions taken at campuses and teaching strategies adopted in response to the COVID 19 pandemic may provide valuable insights that may be applied to the future development of nursing education.},
}
@article {pmid32495334,
year = {2020},
author = {Yang, WP and Feng, MC and Chen, YH and Chen, FM and Li, YH},
title = {[Infection Control: The Roles and Functions of Nurses Working at the International Medical Center].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {90-95},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).12},
pmid = {32495334},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {Travelers are known to convey infectious diseases across international borders. After its experience with SARS, Taiwan established a comprehensive mechanism at its border to prevent the entry of infectious diseases. However, people with chronic infectious diseases, carriers with no symptoms, and those likely to be infected are not easy to identify during border screenings. Therefore, Taiwan must implement internal disease-containment measures in addition to stopping infectious disease at its borders. With increasing numbers of patients coming to Taiwan for medical examinations, medical aesthetic treatments, and medical treatments and care, the risk of acute, chronic, and contagious diseases originating from non-residents must be considered and addressed. This article was developed to discuss the role and importance of nurses in preventing transnational infectious diseases from the perspective of international medical care. In addition to showing rich nursing experience, sensitivity, and conducting the management and communication of international cases, it is also necessary to make good use of information tools for remote screening care. Taking the period of the COVID-19 outbreak as an example, several procedures have been conducted. First, online detailed history of infectious diseases and nursing evaluations are conducted before admission. Second, preparation and movement notifications are given before admission. Third, online health education and follow-up care as well as cross-unit communication and coordination are implemented. International medical nurses directly affect the quality and effectiveness of international medical treatment. As Taiwan builds up its brand as an international medical caring destination, nursing professionals should help further this trend and announce to the world: Taiwan can help! Nursing can help!},
}
@article {pmid32495333,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, SF and Huang, LH and Chen, CM and Chuang, TH and Peng, MT and Wang, HH},
title = {[The Key Role of Taiwanese Nurses in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {84-89},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).11},
pmid = {32495333},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rage worldwide, Taiwan has achieved outstanding performance in controlling the spread of the outbreak domestically, earning global appreciation. Nurses on the frontlines deserve much of the credit for the ongoing success in fighting against this outbreak in Taiwan. Taiwan's success to date is grounded in proactive preparedness and deployment by the government and effective teamwork among government agencies, medical institutions, enterprises, and the public. Comprehensive containment strategies and preparedness have allowed nurses to effectively perform their duties and combat the pandemic. Nurses safeguard the public's health a myriad of ways, including implementing quarantine measures at air and seaports, conducting fever screenings, delivering inpatient isolation treatments, performing case contact tracing, providing community care services, and operating special chartered-flight services. The Taiwan Nurses Association (TWNA) provides vital lead in this pandemic response, advocating for the safety, health and wellbeing of nurses; highlighting the contributions and value of nurses; and enhancing the professional image and status of nurses. Furthermore, through its global platform, TWNA shares with peer organizations worldwide the content and efficacy of actions taken by the national government, the contributions of healthcare workers, and the support and encouragement received from the public in COVID-19 containment to demonstrate values of Taiwan and nursing.},
}
@article {pmid32495332,
year = {2020},
author = {Huang, WT and Chen, YY},
title = {[The War Against the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019): Keys to Successfully Defending Taiwan].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {75-83},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).10},
pmid = {32495332},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {The outbreak of COVID-19 triggered the largest human-virus war in this century. Current evidence indicates that the SARS-CoV-2 strain of coronavirus is mainly transmitted by droplets either by direct or indirect contact. The duration of infectiousness of COVID-19 ranges from 1-2 days before and 7-10 days after the onset of symptoms. It is often difficult to detect the signs and symptoms of infection and to implement timely intervention during the very early stage of infection. Thus, finding and isolating symptomatic patients may not be sufficient to contain this epidemic. Therefore, it is very important to wear masks, take personal precautions, and practice recommended social distancing to achieve source control and stop transmission. Taiwan has learned from its previous experience with the SARS epidemic and prepared for the potential of new disease outbreaks for at least 17 years. This helped the government to implement a multifaceted strategy in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. Taiwan's effective response has made the country a model for pandemic response policy that has been appreciated internationally. This paper examines COVID-19 epidemic prevention from the perspective of infection control strategies. In Taiwan, hospital infection control, which is practiced nationwide, emphasizes the importance to epidemic prevention of collecting and tracking travel history, occupation, contact history, cluster (TOCC) information; practicing hand hygiene; promoting the correct use of personal protective equipment; and maintaining safe distances from others. Personal control measures are recognized as critical to providing a safe environment for patients and staff.},
}
@article {pmid32495331,
year = {2020},
author = {Feng, MC and Wu, HC and Lin, HT and Lei, L and Chao, CL and Lu, CM and Yang, WP},
title = {[Exploring the Stress, Psychological Distress, and Stress-relief Strategies of Taiwan Nursing Staffs Facing the Global Outbreak of COVID-19].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {64-74},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).09},
pmid = {32495331},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began in December 2019. The high levels of stress experienced by nurses during this pandemic may have immediate and long-term effects on their mental health.<br><br>PURPOSE: To explore the stress and psychological problems of nurses during this pandemic and to identify strategies used by these nurses to relieve stress.<br><br>METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted that included a basic information datasheet, stress of nursing staff during COVID-19 outbreak scale, psychological distress scale, and stress relief methods survey form. Convenience sampling was used and a total of 469 practicing nurses participated in this study.<br><br>RESULTS: Most of the participants expressed concerns about living problems (72.7%). On the stress questionnaire, the facets of &quot;burden of taking care of patients&quot; and &quot;worries about social isolation&quot; earned the first and second highest scores, respectively. In terms of items, &quot;worrying about infecting family members and friends&quot; and &quot;worrying about being separated from family after being infected&quot; earned the two highest scores (2.35 ± 0.79 and 2.17 ± 0.92, respectively). Scores for psychological distress averaged 5.49 ± 3.83, with stress anxiety (1.32 ± 0.84) earning the highest mean subscale score followed by distress and irritability (1.17 ± 0.92) and depression (1.12 ± 0.94). Nearly two-thirds (61.8%) of the participants earned psychological and emotional distress scores within the 'normal' range, and 3.4% earned scores indicating severe distress. &quot;Receiving education and training&quot; was the most common method used by the participants to relieve stress (2.27 ± 0.51).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The following six strategies are proposed based on the above findings: (1) Caring: provide psychological assessment and care; (2) Supporting: create a friendly team atmosphere and provide support; (3) Inquiring: recruit volunteers with relevant experience; (4) Informing: provide timely, open, and transparent epidemic-prevention information; (5) Equipping: provide complete and appropriate epidemic-prevention education and training; (6) Assisting: establish a strategy for family support and caring to reduce the stress and worries of nurses.},
}
@article {pmid32495323,
year = {2020},
author = {Lin, YH},
title = {[Intensive Care During a Global Epidemic].},
journal = {Hu li za zhi The journal of nursing},
volume = {67},
number = {3},
pages = {4-5},
doi = {10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).01},
pmid = {32495323},
issn = {0047-262X},
abstract = {The global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly increasing the number of patients who are critically ill with this disease, with the related rate of mortality expected to peak in 2020 (Alhazzani et al., 2020). As severe acute respiratory syndrome is the major cause of mortality after COVID-19 infection, patients with COVID-19 who are prone to severe acute respiratory problems may require mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO; Alhazzani et al., 2020). Ongoing advances in intensive care medicine are continuing to improve survival in critically ill patients (Kaukonen, Bailey, Suzuki, Pilcher, &amp; Bellomo, 2014). However, intensive care unit (ICU) survivors may experience complications and problems related to their disease and treatment such as critical illness polyneuropathy, critical illness myopathy, and post intensive care syndrome (PICS; Alhazzani et al., 2020). Harvey (2012) reported that 85%-95% of ICU patients have ICU-acquired weakness after ICU discharge and 74% of ICU patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome have cognitive impairment after ICU discharge. Physical disabilities, cognitive impairment, and mental or psychological distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder) after ICU discharge may be symptoms of PICS, and may continue to affect surviving patients for several years after ICU discharge (Elliott et al., 2014; Held &amp; Moss, 2019; Jackson et al., 2014; Jubran et al., 2010). Efforts to prevent and treat COVID-19 in Taiwan have proven more effective compared to most other places in the world. In addition to the low number of diagnosed cases, the mortality rate (seven of 440 confirmed cases) in Taiwan has been significantly lower than in most other countries (Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, ROC, 2020, May 14). However, post-discharge care for ICU survivors, especially those hospitalized after a sudden onset of severe disease symptoms and then discharged after a long ICU stay or after receiving mechanical ventilation, require specialized care to minimize PICS. Nurses are responsible not only for treating patients with the disease but also for preventing the further spread of disease. Therefore, providing continued care to patients discharged from the ICU is essential. Specifically, interventions to avoid PICS must be implemented rapidly by multidisciplinary medical teams during and immediately after ICU discharge.},
}
@article {pmid32495299,
year = {2020},
author = {Filardi, T and Morano, S},
title = {COVID-19: is there a link between the course of infection and pharmacological agents in diabetes?.},
journal = {Journal of endocrinological investigation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40618-020-01318-1},
pmid = {32495299},
issn = {1720-8386},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are two pandemics that share the dramatic impact on global mortality and economic resources. COVID-19 largely exhibits mild to moderate clinical manifestations. However, severe pneumonia with high fatality rate may occur, especially in the elderly and in patients with underlying conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a ubiquitous trans-membrane carboxypeptidase, to enter the cells.<br><br>AIMS: This short review discusses some open questions about the link between COVID-19 and diabetes, principally focusing on the possible effects of commonly used drugs in patients with diabetes.<br><br>RESULTS: Preclinical studies have reported that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and ACE inhibitors might increase ACE2 expression in several cell types. Hence, it has been speculated that the treatment with these agents might influence the course of the infection, and both harmful and beneficial effects have been supposed. Other pharmacological agents are thought to increase ACE2 expression, including statins and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists. All these drug classes are broadly adopted in T2D. Besides ACE2, other unknown co-factors might be involved in cell infection. It has been recently observed that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), the receptor for MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) and ACE2 have similar expression profiles in the lung. DPP4 has important metabolic and immune functions and is a target for commonly used therapies in T2D.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Although clinical data supporting an influence of all these drugs on the course of the disease are limited, this is an interesting background for further research that might help unravel the complex mechanisms underlying the link between COVID-19 and diabetes.},
}
@article {pmid32495288,
year = {2020},
author = {Peng, Z and Song, W and Ding, Z and Guan, Q and Yang, X and Xu, Q and Wang, X and Xia, Y},
title = {Linking key intervention timings to rapid declining effective reproduction number to quantify lessons against COVID-19.},
journal = {Frontiers of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11684-020-0788-3},
pmid = {32495288},
issn = {2095-0225},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently under a global pandemic trend. The efficiency of containment measures and epidemic tendency of typical countries should be assessed. In this study, the efficiency of prevention and control measures in China, Italy, Iran, South Korea, and Japan was assessed, and the COVID-19 epidemic tendency among these countries was compared. Results showed that the effective reproduction number(Re) in Wuhan, China increased almost exponentially, reaching a maximum of 3.98 before a lockdown and rapidly decreased to below 1 due to containment and mitigation strategies of the Chinese government. The Re in Italy declined at a slower pace than that in China after the implementation of prevention and control measures. The Re in Iran showed a certain decline after the establishment of a national epidemic control command, and an evident stationary phase occurred because the best window period for the prevention and control of the epidemic was missed. The epidemic in Japan and South Korea reoccurred several times with the Re fluctuating greatly. The epidemic has hardly rebounded in China due to the implementation of prevention and control strategies and the effective enforcement of policies. Other countries suffering from the epidemic could learn from the Chinese experience in containing COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495280,
year = {2020},
author = {Al-Omar, K and Bakkar, S and Khasawneh, L and Donatini, G and Miccoli, P},
title = {Resuming elective surgery in the time of COVID-19: a safe and comprehensive strategy.},
journal = {Updates in surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s13304-020-00822-6},
pmid = {32495280},
issn = {2038-3312},
abstract = {The 2019 novel corona virus and the disease it causes (COVID-19) is a public health crisis that has profoundly modified the way medical and surgical care is delivered. Countries around the globe had a variable initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic from imposing massive lock downs and quarantine to surrendering to herd immunity. However, healthcare bodies worldwide recognized early on that a triumph against COVID-19 could only be achieved by maintaining the infrastructure of healthcare systems and their capacity to accommodate a potentially overwhelming increase in critical patient care needs. Therefore, they reacted by restricting medical care to emergency cases and postponing elective surgical procedures in all disciplines. The priority was made for treatment of COVID-19 patients and emergency cases. Nevertheless, the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing. In the absence of vaccines or effective drug treatments, its timeline remains uncertain and it cannot be forecast how long healthcare systems will need to cope with it in managing inpatient and outpatient services. Accordingly, extreme measures and restriction may become a recipe for a disaster in the context of the potential adverse health implications imposed by delaying timely medical and surgical care. Therefore, restrictive measures should be substituted with a comprehensive surgical and medical care strategy. One that provides a safe balance between the prevention of COVID-19 and the delivery of essential surgical care. This article provides an overview on how to safely deliver essential surgical care in the time of COIVD-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495231,
year = {2020},
author = {Vistoli, F and Furian, L and Maggiore, U and Caldara, R and Cantaluppi, V and Ferraresso, M and Zaza, G and Cardillo, M and Biancofiore, G and Menichetti, F and Russo, A and Turillazzi, E and Di Paolo, M and Grandaliano, G and Boggi, U and , and , },
title = {COVID-19 and kidney transplantation: an Italian Survey and Consensus.},
journal = {Journal of nephrology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40620-020-00755-8},
pmid = {32495231},
issn = {1724-6059},
abstract = {Italy was the first Western country to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we report the results of a national survey on kidney transplantation activity in February and March 2020, and the results of a three-round Delphi consensus promoted by four scientific societies: the Italian Society of Organ Transplantation, the Italian Society of Nephrology, the Italian Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, and the Italian Group on Antimicrobial Stewardship. All 41 Italian transplant centers were invited to express their opinion in the Delphi rounds along with a group of seven experts. The survey revealed that, starting from March 2020, there was a decline in kidney transplantation activity in Italy, especially for living-related transplants. Overall, 60 recipients tested positive for SARS-CoV2 infection, 57 required hospitalization, 17 were admitted to the ICU, and 11 died. The online consensus had high response rates at each round (95.8%, 95.8%, and 89.5%, respectively). Eventually, 27 of 31 proposed statements were approved (87.1%), 12 at the first or second round (38.7%), and 3 at the third (9.7%). Based on the Italian experience, we discuss the reasons for the changes in kidney transplantation activity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Western countries. We also provide working recommendations for the organization and management of kidney transplantation under these conditions.},
}
@article {pmid32495226,
year = {2020},
author = {Ibáñez, S and Martínez, O and Valenzuela, F and Silva, F and Valenzuela, O},
title = {Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19: should they be used as standard therapy?.},
journal = {Clinical rheumatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10067-020-05202-4},
pmid = {32495226},
issn = {1434-9949},
abstract = {The pandemic of the new coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has urged the nations to an unprecedented world-wide reaction, including an accelerated exploration of therapeutic options. In the absence of a vaccine and specifically designed antivirals, the medical community has proposed the use of various previously available medications in order to reduce the number of patients requiring prolonged hospitalizations, oxygen therapy, and mechanical ventilation and to decrease mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are among the proposed drugs and are the most widely used so far, despite the lack of robust evidence on their usefulness. The objective of this article is to review and discuss the possible role of these drugs in the therapy of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32495219,
year = {2020},
author = {Gao, Y and Zhang, D and Sui, S and Xu, R},
title = {Clinical Features and Treatment Protocol in Eleven Chinese Children with Mild COVID-19.},
journal = {Indian journal of pediatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s12098-020-03352-6},
pmid = {32495219},
issn = {0973-7693},
}
@article {pmid32495186,
year = {2020},
author = {Frisullo, G and De Belvis, AG and Marca, GD and Angioletti, C and Calabresi, P},
title = {Stroke integrated care pathway during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10072-020-04480-9},
pmid = {32495186},
issn = {1590-3478},
}
@article {pmid32495178,
year = {2020},
author = {Ertl-Wagner, BB and Lee, W and Manson, DE and Amaral, JG and Bojic, Z and Cote, MS and Fernandes, JM and Murray, D and Shammas, A and Therrien-Miller, N and Shroff, MM},
title = {Preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary pediatric radiology department.},
journal = {Pediatric radiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00247-020-04704-2},
pmid = {32495178},
issn = {1432-1998},
}
@article {pmid32495148,
year = {2020},
author = {Montastruc, JL and Toutain, PL},
title = {A New Drug-Drug Interaction Between Hydroxychloroquine and Metformin? A Signal Detection Study.},
journal = {Drug safety},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40264-020-00955-y},
pmid = {32495148},
issn = {1179-1942},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Hydroxychloroquine was recently promoted in patients infected with COVID-19 infection. A recent experimental study has suggested an increased toxicity of hydroxychloroquine in association with metformin in mice.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the reality of this putative drug-drug interaction between hydroxychloroquine and metformin using pharmacovigilance data.<br><br>METHODS: Using VigiBase®, the WHO pharmacovigilance database, we performed a disproportionality analysis (case/non-case study). Cases were reports of fatal outcomes with the drugs of interest and non-cases were all other reports for these drugs registered between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2019. Data with hydroxychloroquine (or metformin) alone were compared with the association hydroxychloroquine + metformin. Results are reported as ROR (reporting odds ratio) with their 95% confidence interval.<br><br>RESULTS: Of the 10,771 Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) involving hydroxychloroquine, 52 were recorded as 'fatal outcomes'. In comparison with hydroxychloroquine alone, hydroxychloroquine + metformin was associated with an ROR value of 57.7 (23.9-139.3). In comparison with metformin alone, hydroxychloroquine + metformin was associated with an ROR value of 6.0 (2.6-13.8).<br><br>CONCLUSION: Our study identified a signal for the association hydroxychloroquine + metformin that appears to be more at risk of fatal outcomes (particularly by completed suicides) than one of the two drugs when given alone.},
}
@article {pmid32495147,
year = {2020},
author = {Parri, N and Magistà, AM and Marchetti, F and Cantoni, B and Arrighini, A and Romanengo, M and Felici, E and Urbino, A and Da Dalt, L and Verdoni, L and Armocida, B and Covi, B and Mariani, I and Giacchero, R and Musolino, AM and Binotti, M and Biban, P and Fasoli, S and Pilotto, C and Nicoloso, F and Raggi, M and Miorin, E and Buonsenso, D and Chiossi, M and Agostiniani, R and Plebani, A and Barbieri, MA and Lanari, M and Arrigo, S and Zoia, E and Lenge, M and Masi, S and Barbi, E and Lazzerini, M and , },
title = {Characteristic of COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients: early findings from two Italian Pediatric Research Networks.},
journal = {European journal of pediatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00431-020-03683-8},
pmid = {32495147},
issn = {1432-1076},
abstract = {Detailed data on clinical presentations and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in Europe are still lacking. In this descriptive study, we report on 130 children with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed by 28 centers (mostly hospitals), in 10 regions in Italy, during the first months of the pandemic. Among these, 67 (51.5%) had a relative with COVID-19 while 34 (26.2%) had comorbidities, with the most frequent being respiratory, cardiac, or neuromuscular chronic diseases. Overall, 98 (75.4%) had an asymptomatic or mild disease, 11 (8.5%) had moderate disease, 11 (8.5%) had a severe disease, and 9 (6.9%) had a critical presentation with infants below 6 months having significantly increased risk of critical disease severity (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 29.1). Seventy-five (57.7%) children were hospitalized, 15 (11.5%) needed some respiratory support, and nine (6.9%) were treated in an intensive care unit. All recovered.Conclusion:This descriptive case series of children with COVID-19, mostly encompassing of cases enrolled at hospital level, suggest that COVID-19 may have a non-negligible rate of severe presentations in selected pediatric populations with a relatively high rates of comorbidities. More studies are needed to further understand the presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in children with special needs.What is Known:• There is limited evidence on the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in Europe, and almost no evidence on characteristics and risk factors of severe cases.What is New:• Among a case series of 130 children, mostly diagnosed at hospital level, and with a relatively high rate (26.2%) of comorbidities, about three-quarter had an asymptomatic or mild disease.• However, 57.7% were hospitalized, 11.5% needed some respiratory support, and 6.9% were treated in an intensive care unit.},
}
@article {pmid32495145,
year = {2020},
author = {Ritz, N and de Winter, JP},
title = {COVID-19 in children: patiently and critically evaluate the scientific evidence.},
journal = {European journal of pediatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00431-020-03708-2},
pmid = {32495145},
issn = {1432-1076},
}
@article {pmid32495141,
year = {2020},
author = {Garfinkle, R and Abou-Khalil, M and Salama, E and Marinescu, D and Pang, A and Morin, N and Demyttenaere, S and Liberman, AS and Vasilevsky, CA and Boutros, M},
title = {Development and Validation of a Clinical Risk Score for Intensive Care Resource Utilization After Colon Cancer Surgery: a Practical Guide to the Selection of Patients During COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11605-020-04665-9},
pmid = {32495141},
issn = {1873-4626},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model and clinical risk score for Intensive Care Resource Utilization after colon cancer surgery.<br><br>METHODS: Adult (≥ 18 years old) patients from the 2012 to 2018 ACS-NSQIP colectomy-targeted database who underwent elective colon cancer surgery were identified. A prediction model for 30-day postoperative Intensive Care Resource Utilization was developed and transformed into a clinical risk score based on the regression coefficients. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. The model was validated in a separate test set of similar patients.<br><br>RESULTS: In total, 54,893 patients underwent an elective colon cancer resection, of which 1224 (2.2%) required postoperative Intensive Care Resource Utilization. The final prediction model retained six variables: age (≥ 70; OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.68-2.14), sex (male; OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.54-1.95), American Society of Anesthesiologists score (III/IV; OR 2.52, 95% CI 2.15-2.95), cardiorespiratory disease (yes; OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.94-2.53), functional status (dependent; OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.22-3.56), and operative approach (open surgery; OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.51-1.93). The model demonstrated good discrimination (AUC = 0.73). A clinical risk score was developed, and the risk of requiring postoperative Intensive Care Resource Utilization ranged from 0.03 (0 points) to 19.0% (8 points). The model performed well on test set validation (AUC = 0.73).<br><br>CONCLUSION: A prediction model and clinical risk score for postoperative Intensive Care Resource Utilization after colon cancer surgery was developed and validated.},
}
@article {pmid32495123,
year = {2020},
author = {Srivastava, S and Kumar, A and Bauddh, K and Gautam, AS and Kumar, S},
title = {21-Day Lockdown in India Dramatically Reduced Air Pollution Indices in Lucknow and New Delhi, India.},
journal = {Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00128-020-02895-w},
pmid = {32495123},
issn = {1432-0800},
abstract = {In December 2019, the outbreak of viral disease labeled as Novel Coronavirus started in Wuhan, China, which later came to be known as Covid-19. The disease has spread in almost every part of the world and has been declared a global pandemic in March 2020 by World Health Organization (WHO). The corona virus outbreak has emerged as one of the deadliest pandemics of all time in human history. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has forced several countries of the world to observe complete lockdown forcing people to live in their homes. India also faced the phase of total lockdown for 21 days (in first phase) to avoid the spread of coronavirus to the maximum possible extent. This lockdown impacted the pollution levels of environment and improved air and water quality in the short span owing to very less human activities. The present work scientifically analyzed the available data for primary air pollutants (PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and CO) from two major Indian cities, Lucknow and New Delhi. The analysis was based on air quality data for before lockdown and after lockdown (first phase of 21 days) periods of 21 days each. The results showed significant decline in the studied air pollution indices and demonstrated improvement of air quality in both the cities. The major impact was seen in the levels of PM2.5, NO2 and CO. The levels of SO2 showed less significant decline during the lockdown period. The results are presented with future perspectives to mitigate air pollution in near future by adopting the short and periodical lockdown as a tool.},
}
@article {pmid32495121,
year = {2020},
author = {Tenenbein, P and Riazi, S and Johnstone, J and Keshavjee, S and Karkouti, K},
title = {The case for routine screening for SARS-CoV-2 before surgery.},
journal = {Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s12630-020-01730-4},
pmid = {32495121},
issn = {1496-8975},
}
@article {pmid32495118,
year = {2020},
author = {Alohan, D and Calvo, M},
title = {COVID-19 Outbreaks at Correctional Facilities Demand a Health Equity Approach to Criminal Justice Reform.},
journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11524-020-00459-1},
pmid = {32495118},
issn = {1468-2869},
}
@article {pmid32495091,
year = {2020},
author = {Mushlin, AI},
title = {Covid-19: an Imperative to Bridge the Gap Between Medicine And Public Health.},
journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11606-020-05932-w},
pmid = {32495091},
issn = {1525-1497},
}
@article {pmid32495088,
year = {2020},
author = {Mansour, M and Leven, E and Muellers, K and Stone, K and Mendu, DR and Wajnberg, A},
title = {Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Academic Hospital in New York City.},
journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11606-020-05926-8},
pmid = {32495088},
issn = {1525-1497},
}
@article {pmid32495086,
year = {2020},
author = {Good, CB and Hernandez, I and Smith, K},
title = {Interpreting COVID-19 Test Results: a Bayesian Approach.},
journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11606-020-05918-8},
pmid = {32495086},
issn = {1525-1497},
}
@article {pmid32495067,
year = {2020},
author = {Alfano, V and Ercolano, S},
title = {The Efficacy of Lockdown Against COVID-19: A Cross-Country Panel Analysis.},
journal = {Applied health economics and health policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40258-020-00596-3},
pmid = {32495067},
issn = {1179-1896},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: There has been much debate about the effectiveness of lockdown measures in containing COVID-19, and their appropriateness given the economic and social cost they entail. To the best of our knowledge, no existing contribution to the literature has attempted to gauge the effectiveness of lockdown measures over time in a longitudinal cross-country perspective.<br><br>OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by assessing, at an international level, the effect of lockdown measures (or the lack of such measures) on the numbers of new infections. Given this policy's expected change in effectiveness over time, we also measure the effect of having a lockdown implemented over a given number of days (from 7 to 20 days).<br><br>METHODS: We pursue our objectives by means of a quantitative panel analysis, building a longitudinal dataset with observations from countries all over the world, and estimating the impact of lockdown via feasible generalized least squares fixed effect, random effects, generalized estimating equation, and hierarchical linear models.<br><br>RESULTS: Our results show that lockdown is effective in reducing the number of new cases in the countries that implement it, compared with those countries that do not. This is especially true around 10 days after the implementation of the policy. Its efficacy continues to grow up to 20 days after implementation.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Results suggest that lockdown is effective in reducing the R0, i.e. the number of people infected by each infected person, and that, unlike what has been suggested in previous analyses, its efficacy continues to hold 20 days after the introduction of the policy.},
}
@article {pmid32495030,
year = {2020},
author = {Lobascio, F and Caccialanza, R and Monaco, T and Cereda, E and Secondino, S and Masi, S and Crotti, S and Rizzo, G and Cappello, S and Borioli, V and Inglardi, M and Grugnetti, G and Muzzi, A and Triarico, A and Pedrazzoli, P and Brugnatelli, S},
title = {Providing nutritional care to cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian perspective.},
journal = {Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00520-020-05557-z},
pmid = {32495030},
issn = {1433-7339},
support = {Ricerca Corrente 2019 - Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy//Ministero della Salute/ ; },
abstract = {The COVID-19 outbreak has drastically changed practices inside hospitals, which include oncology routines. In oncology, malnutrition was and certainly still is a frequent problem associated with an increase in treatment-related toxicity, a reduced response to cancer treatment, an impaired quality of life, and a worse overall prognosis. Even in this situation of healthcare crisis, nutritional support in cancer care is an essential element. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is a concrete high risk to see a dramatic worsening of cancer patients' nutritional status, who are left without adequate clinical and nutritional support. The consequences are already reasonably foreseeable and will have a severe negative impact after the emergency. Therefore, we believe that it is essential to try to continue, as far as possible, the activity of clinical nutrition in oncology, by revolutionizing the setting and the approach to patients. For this purpose, the Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit and the Medical Oncology Unit of our hospital, one of the largest community hospital in Lombardy that has been involved in the COVID-19 outbreak management since its inception, have reorganized the clinical routine activity in strict collaboration since the very beginning of the emergency, to better face up to the challenge, while preserving cancer patients' needs.},
}
@article {pmid32495027,
year = {2020},
author = {Liu, X and Zhang, R and He, G},
title = {Hematological findings in coronavirus disease 2019: indications of progression of disease.},
journal = {Annals of hematology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00277-020-04103-5},
pmid = {32495027},
issn = {1432-0584},
support = {No.201407001-4//State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Specialty/ ; No.201202017//National Public Health Grand Research Foundation/ ; No. JX10231801//Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institute/ ; No. BL2014086//Project Funded by Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science/ ; },
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new human infectious disease. The etiology for this outbreak is a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Thus far, related research on COVID-19 is still in preliminary stage. This paper summarized the latest outcomes of corresponding study from Chinese centers and clarified the hematopoietic abnormality caused by SARS-CoV-2 and potential mechanism. Lymphopenia was common in the early stage after the onset of COVID-19. A significant decrease was observed in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. As the illness progressed, neutrophilia emerged in several cases, and patients with severe critical pulmonary conditions showed higher neutrophils than common type. Thrombocytopenia was resulting from the consumption and/or the reduced production of platelets in damaged lungs. Anemia was not observed notably, but the decrease in hemoglobin was frequent. The activation of monocyte-macrophage system aggravates the immune damage of lung and other tissues, which leads to the increase of D-dimer, prothrombin time, and platelet consumption.},
}
@article {pmid32494948,
year = {2020},
author = {Lechien, JR and Hsieh, J and Barillari, MR and Cammaroto, G and Hans, S and Chiesa-Estomba, CM and Saussez, S},
title = {Patient-Reported Outcome Questionnaires for the evaluation of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19.},
journal = {European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00405-020-06083-8},
pmid = {32494948},
issn = {1434-4726},
}
@article {pmid32494931,
year = {2020},
author = {Hossein-Khannazer, N and Shokoohian, B and Shpichka, A and Aghdaei, HA and Timashev, P and Vosough, M},
title = {Novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00109-020-01927-6},
pmid = {32494931},
issn = {1432-1440},
abstract = {To date, there is no licensed treatment or approved vaccine to combat the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the number of new cases and mortality multiplies every day. Therefore, it is essential to develop an effective treatment strategy to control the virus spread and prevent the disease. Here, we summarized the therapeutic approaches that are used to treat this infection. Although it seems that antiviral drugs are effective in improving clinical manifestation, there is no definite treatment protocol. Lymphocytopenia, excessive inflammation, and cytokine storm followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome are still unsolved issues causing the severity of this disease. Therefore, immune response modulation and inflammation management can be considered as an essential step. There is no doubt that more studies are required to clarify immunopathogenesis and immune response; however, new therapeutic approaches including mesenchymal stromal cell and immune cell therapy showed inspiring results.},
}
@article {pmid32494929,
year = {2020},
author = {Pickkers, P and van der Hoeven, H and Citerio, G},
title = {COVID-19: 10 things I wished I'd known some months ago.},
journal = {Intensive care medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00134-020-06098-z},
pmid = {32494929},
issn = {1432-1238},
}
@article {pmid32494927,
year = {2020},
author = {Almeida Monteiro, RA and de Oliveira, EP and Nascimento Saldiva, PH and Dolhnikoff, M and Duarte-Neto, AN and , },
title = {Histological-ultrasonographical correlation of pulmonary involvement in severe COVID-19.},
journal = {Intensive care medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00134-020-06125-z},
pmid = {32494927},
issn = {1432-1238},
support = {INV-002396//Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ ; 2013/17159-2//Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo/ ; },
}
@article {pmid32494921,
year = {2020},
author = {Rattka, M and Baumhardt, M and Dreyhaupt, J and Rothenbacher, D and Thiessen, K and Markovic, S and Rottbauer, W and Imhof, A},
title = {31 days of COVID-19-cardiac events during restriction of public life-a comparative study.},
journal = {Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00392-020-01681-2},
pmid = {32494921},
issn = {1861-0692},
abstract = {AIMS: The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak led to the most recent pandemic of the twenty-first century. To contain spread of the virus, many nations introduced a public lockdown. How the pandemic itself and measures of social restriction affect hospital admissions due to acute cardiac events has rarely been evaluated yet.<br><br>METHODS AND RESULTS: German public authorities announced measures of social restriction between March 21st and April 20th, 2020. During this period, all patients suffering from an acute cardiac event admitted to our hospital (N = 94) were assessed and incidence rate ratios (IRR) of admissions for acute cardiac events estimated, and compared with those during the same period in the previous three years (2017-2019, N = 361). Admissions due to cardiac events were reduced by 22% as compared to the previous years (n = 94 vs. an average of n = 120 per year for 2017-2019). Whereas IRR for STEMI 1.20 (95% CI 0.67-2.14) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest IRR 0.82 (95% CI 0.33-2.02) remained similar, overall admissions with an IRR of 0.78 (95% CI 0.62-0.98) and IRR for NSTEMI with 0.46 (95% CI 0.27-0.78) were significantly lower. In STEMI patients, plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity troponin T at admission were significantly higher (644 ng/l, IQR 372-2388) compared to 2017-2019 (195 ng/l, IQR 84-1134; p = 0.02).<br><br>CONCLUSION: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and concomitant social restrictions are associated with reduced cardiac events admissions to our tertiary care center. From a public health perspective, strategies have to be developed to assure patients are seeking and getting medical care and treatment in time during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32494911,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, M and Flessa, S},
title = {Modelling Covid-19 under uncertainty: what can we expect?.},
journal = {The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10198-020-01202-y},
pmid = {32494911},
issn = {1618-7601},
}
@article {pmid32494896,
year = {2020},
author = {Gopinathannair, R and Merchant, FM and Lakkireddy, DR and Etheridge, SP and Feigofsky, S and Han, JK and Kabra, R and Natale, A and Poe, S and Saha, SA and Russo, AM},
title = {COVID-19 and cardiac arrhythmias: a global perspective on arrhythmia characteristics and management strategies.},
journal = {Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10840-020-00789-9},
pmid = {32494896},
issn = {1572-8595},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular and arrhythmic events have been reported in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, arrhythmia manifestations and treatment strategies used in these patients have not been well-described. We sought to better understand the cardiac arrhythmic manifestations and treatment strategies in hospitalized COVID-19 patients through a worldwide cross-sectional survey.<br><br>METHODS: The Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) sent an online survey (via SurveyMonkey) to electrophysiology (EP) professionals (physicians, scientists, and allied professionals) across the globe. The survey was active from March 27 to April 13, 2020.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 1197 respondents completed the survey with 50% of respondents from outside the USA, representing 76 countries and 6 continents. Of respondents, 905 (76%) reported having COVID-19-positive patients in their hospital. Atrial fibrillation was the most commonly reported tachyarrhythmia whereas severe sinus bradycardia and complete heart block were the most common bradyarrhythmias. Ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation arrest and pulseless electrical activity were reported by 4.8% and 5.6% of respondents, respectively. There were 140 of 631 (22.2%) respondents who reported using anticoagulation therapy in all COVID-19-positive patients who did not otherwise have an indication. One hundred fifty-five of 498 (31%) reported regular use of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine (HCQ) + azithromycin (AZM); concomitant use of AZM was more common in the USA. Sixty of 489 respondents (12.3%) reported having to discontinue therapy with HCQ + AZM due to significant QTc prolongation and 20 (4.1%) reported cases of Torsade de Pointes in patients on HCQ/chloroquine and AZM. Amiodarone was the most common antiarrhythmic drug used for ventricular arrhythmia management.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In this global survey of > 1100 EP professionals regarding hospitalized COVID-19 patients, a variety of arrhythmic manifestations were observed, ranging from benign to potentially life-threatening. Observed adverse events related to use of HCQ + AZM included prolonged QTc requiring drug discontinuation as well as Torsade de Pointes. Large prospective studies to better define arrhythmic manifestations as well as the safety of treatment strategies in COVID-19 patients are warranted.},
}
@article {pmid32494874,
year = {2020},
author = {Tang, EWH and Wong, DHT and Chan, YYY and Li, KKW},
title = {Emergency ophthalmic surgeries during COVID-19-a Hong Kong perspective.},
journal = {Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00417-020-04768-8},
pmid = {32494874},
issn = {1435-702X},
}
@article {pmid32494856,
year = {2020},
author = {Maghzi, AH and Houtchens, MK and Preziosa, P and Ionete, C and Beretich, BD and Stankiewicz, JM and Tauhid, S and Cabot, A and Berriosmorales, I and Schwartz, THW and Sloane, JA and Freedman, MS and Filippi, M and Weiner, HL and Bakshi, R},
title = {COVID-19 in teriflunomide-treated patients with multiple sclerosis.},
journal = {Journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00415-020-09944-8},
pmid = {32494856},
issn = {1432-1459},
abstract = {The outbreak of a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19), has raised health concerns for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are commonly on long-term immunotherapies. Managing MS during the pandemic remains challenging with little published experience and no evidence-based guidelines. We present five teriflunomide-treated patients with MS who subsequently developed active COVID-19 infection. The patients continued teriflunomide therapy and had self-limiting infection, without relapse of their MS. These observations have implications for the management of MS in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32494855,
year = {2020},
author = {Möhn, N and Saker, F and Bonda, V and Respondek, G and Bachmann, M and Stoll, M and Wattjes, MP and Stangel, M and Skripuletz, T},
title = {Mild COVID-19 symptoms despite treatment with teriflunomide and high-dose methylprednisolone due to multiple sclerosis relapse.},
journal = {Journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00415-020-09921-1},
pmid = {32494855},
issn = {1432-1459},
}
@article {pmid32494854,
year = {2020},
author = {Jasti, M and Nalleballe, K and Dandu, V and Onteddu, S},
title = {A review of pathophysiology and neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00415-020-09950-w},
pmid = {32494854},
issn = {1432-1459},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the most serious pandemics of the recent times. Since this pandemic began, there have been numerous reports about the COVID-19 involvement of the nervous system. There have been reports of both direct and indirect involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system by the virus.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: To review the neuropsychiatric manifestations along with corresponding pathophysiologic mechanisms of nervous system involvement by the COVID-19.<br><br>BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the disease in humans in the later part of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread across the world with over 2,719,000 reported cases in over 200 countries [World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-96.,]. While patients typically present with fever, shortness of breath, sore throat, and cough, neurologic manifestations have been reported, as well. These include the ones with both direct and indirect involvement of the nervous system. The reported manifestations include anosmia, ageusia, central respiratory failure, stroke, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy, toxic-metabolic encephalopathy, headache, myalgia, myelitis, ataxia, and various neuropsychiatric manifestations. These data were derived from the published clinical data in various journals and case reports.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The neurological manifestations of the COVID-19 are varied and the data about this continue to evolve as the pandemic continues to progress.},
}
@article {pmid32494853,
year = {2020},
author = {Pryce-Roberts, A and Talaei, M and Robertson, NP},
title = {Neurological complications of COVID-19: a preliminary review.},
journal = {Journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00415-020-09941-x},
pmid = {32494853},
issn = {1432-1459},
}
@article {pmid32494836,
year = {2020},
author = {Karampelias, V and Karonis, D and Psaroudi, V},
title = {The psycho-emotional impact of COVID-19 on surgical staff working in emergency departments.},
journal = {European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00068-020-01411-3},
pmid = {32494836},
issn = {1863-9941},
}
@article {pmid32494800,
year = {2020},
author = {Yolcu, M and Gunesdogdu, F and Bektas, M and Bayirli, DT and Serefhanoglu, K},
title = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and simultaneous acute anteroseptal and inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.},
journal = {Cardiovascular journal of Africa},
volume = {31},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10.5830-CVJA-2020-016},
pmid = {32494800},
issn = {1680-0745},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently recognised pandemic spreading rapidly from Wuhan, Hubei, to other provinces in China and to many countries around the world. The number of COVID-19-related deaths is steadily increasing. Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates, and primary percutaneous coronary intervention is usually recommended for the treatment. A patient with diabetes mellitus and hypertension for five years was admitted to the emergency unit with symptoms of fever, cough and dyspnoea. These symptoms were consistent with viral pneumonia and a COVID PCR test was performed, which tested positive three days later. The patient had chest pain on the eighth day of hospitalisation. On electrocardiography, simultaneous acute inferior and anterior STEMI were identified. High levels of stress and increased metabolic demand in these patients may lead to concomitant thrombosis of different coronary arteries, presenting with two different STEMIs.},
}
@article {pmid32494691,
year = {2020},
author = {Ayres, JS},
title = {Surviving COVID-19: A disease tolerance perspective.},
journal = {Science advances},
volume = {6},
number = {18},
pages = {eabc1518},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abc1518},
pmid = {32494691},
issn = {2375-2548},
}
@article {pmid32494576,
year = {2020},
author = {Lee, L and Iyer, S and Jose, RJ and Manuel, A},
title = {COVID-19 follow-up planning: what will we be missing?.},
journal = {ERJ open research},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1183/23120541.00198-2020},
pmid = {32494576},
issn = {2312-0541},
abstract = {There is a real need for a discharge plan for COVID-19 survivors in the UK. Follow-up imaging could help assess the resolution of infection, exclude underlying malignancy and identify post-inflammatory fibrosis. https://bit.ly/2YJ8hyg.},
}
@article {pmid32494568,
year = {2020},
author = {, },
title = {Corrigendum to &quot;Coronavirus Disease-19: The First 7,755 Cases in the Republic of Korea&quot; [Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(2):85-90].},
journal = {Osong public health and research perspectives},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {146},
doi = {10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.3.09},
pmid = {32494568},
issn = {2210-9099},
abstract = {[This corrects the article on p. 85 in vol. 11, PMID: 32257774.].},
}
@article {pmid32494567,
year = {2020},
author = {Elengoe, A},
title = {COVID-19 Outbreak in Malaysia.},
journal = {Osong public health and research perspectives},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {93-100},
doi = {10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.3.08},
pmid = {32494567},
issn = {2210-9099},
abstract = {In 2020 a significant threat to public health emerged. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic outbreak emerged in December 2019 from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and spread to the rest of the world. This disease was named COVID-19 by World Health Organization. To date (17th April 2020) a total of 2,230,439 cases of COVID-19; 150,810 cases of deaths and 564,210 recovered cases have been reported worldwide. In this review the SARS-CoV-2 morphology, pathogenic mechanism, similarities and differences between SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome, transmission mode, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures were investigated. The outbreak of COVID-19 from a Malaysian perspective was explored and mental health care during the COVID-19 outbreak was explored. To date, there is no vaccine or no specific treatment for COVID-19. Therefore, preventive measures are very important to prevent and control the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Preparedness should be a priority for future pandemic outbreaks.},
}
@article {pmid32494566,
year = {2020},
author = {Choe, YJ and Lee, JK},
title = {The Impact of Social Distancing on the Transmission of Influenza Virus, South Korea, 2020.},
journal = {Osong public health and research perspectives},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {91-92},
doi = {10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.3.07},
pmid = {32494566},
issn = {2210-9099},
}
@article {pmid32494546,
year = {2020},
author = {Bhagavathula, AS and Aldhaleei, WA and Rovetta, A and Rahmani, J},
title = {Vaccines and Drug Therapeutics to Lock Down Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {e8342},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.8342},
pmid = {32494546},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been responsible for millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths. To date, there is no approved targeted treatment, and many investigational therapeutic agents and vaccine candidates are being considered for the treatment of COVID-19. To extract and summarize information on potential vaccines and therapeutic agents against COVID-19 at different stages of clinical trials from January to March 2020, we reviewed major clinical trial databases such as ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and other primary registries between January and March 15, 2020. Interventional studies at different phases under the COVID-19 pipeline were included. A total of 249 clinical trials were identified between January to March 15, 2020. After filtering observational studies (194 studies), a total of 56 interventional trials were considered. The majority of clinical trials have been conducted on chloroquine (n=10) and traditional Chinese medications (TCMs; n=10), followed by antivirals (n=8), anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressants (n=9), cellular therapies (n=4), combinations of different antivirals therapies (n=3), antibacterial (n=1), and other therapies (n=5). Five vaccines are under phase I, and there are a couple of phase III trials on the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine under investigation among healthcare workers. Many novel compounds and vaccines against COVID-19 are currently under investigation. Some candidates have been tested for other viral infections and are listed for clinical trials against the COVID-19 pipeline. Currently, there are no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations available for the treatment of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32494532,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, Q and Shan, KS and Abdollahi, S and Nace, T},
title = {Anosmia and Ageusia as the Only Indicators of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {e7918},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.7918},
pmid = {32494532},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The patient is a 60-year-old woman with a history of vertigo and seasonal allergies who presented to the hospital with the chief complaint of headache. Radiological findings were negative for intracranial abnormalities. The headache was due to trigeminal neuralgia. She had concurrent complaints of anosmia and ageusia without fever, respiratory symptoms, or obvious risk factors. However, it was determined to test the patient for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection despite extremely low clinical suspicion. Unfortunately, she was found to be COVID-19 positive after she was discharged from the hospital while she remained asymptomatic. There is currently a lack of published case reports describing COVID-19 patients with the sole symptoms of anosmia and ageusia in the United States of America.},
}
@article {pmid32494340,
year = {2020},
author = {Mounesan, L and Eybpoosh, S and Haghdoost, A and Moradi, G and Mostafavi, E},
title = {Is reporting many cases of COVID-19 in Iran due to strength or weakness of Iran's health system?.},
journal = {Iranian journal of microbiology},
volume = {12},
number = {2},
pages = {73-76},
pmid = {32494340},
issn = {2008-3289},
}
@article {pmid32494330,
year = {2020},
author = {Sattar, Y and Connerney, M and Ullah, W and Rauf, H and Mamtani, S and Luddington, S and Alraies, MC},
title = {Coronavirus Disease 2019 With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Mimicking Heart Failure Exacerbation: Time to Rethink.},
journal = {Cardiology research},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {196-199},
doi = {10.14740/cr1074},
pmid = {32494330},
issn = {1923-2829},
abstract = {A 67-year-old man with a prior heart failure presented with fever, cough and dyspnea for 4 days. Physical examination showed bilateral rales on the lung exam, yet no lower extremity edema. The combination of symptoms, elevated inflammatory markers, normal baseline pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, PaO2/FiO2 < 300 and positive swab suggested coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) rather than heart failure exacerbation. We discuss the challenges in management of ARDS in COVID-19 patients that may initially mimic as acute exacerbation of heart failure.},
}
@article {pmid32494291,
year = {2020},
author = {Loveday, H and Wilson, J},
title = {COVID-19: fear, explanation, action, unity and ingenuity and World Hand Hygiene Day.},
journal = {Journal of infection prevention},
volume = {21},
number = {3},
pages = {80-82},
doi = {10.1177/1757177420921963},
pmid = {32494291},
issn = {1757-1774},
}
@article {pmid32494085,
year = {2020},
author = {},
title = {SpaceX launch marks first new craft to carry people to orbit in 17 years.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {582},
number = {7810},
pages = {13},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01603-2},
pmid = {32494085},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32494062,
year = {2020},
author = {van de Haar, J and Hoes, LR and Coles, CE and Seamon, K and Fröhling, S and Jäger, D and Valenza, F and de Braud, F and De Petris, L and Bergh, J and Ernberg, I and Besse, B and Barlesi, F and Garralda, E and Piris-Giménez, A and Baumann, M and Apolone, G and Soria, JC and Tabernero, J and Caldas, C and Voest, EE},
title = {Author Correction: Caring for patients with cancer in the COVID-19 era.},
journal = {Nature medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41591-020-0948-7},
pmid = {32494062},
issn = {1546-170X},
abstract = {An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.},
}
@article {pmid32494042,
year = {2020},
author = {Poostchi, A and Kuet, ML and Richardson, PS and Patel, MK},
title = {Comment on: &quot;Controversies regarding mask usage in ophthalmic units in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic&quot;.},
journal = {Eye (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41433-020-1005-y},
pmid = {32494042},
issn = {1476-5454},
}
@article {pmid32494029,
year = {2020},
author = {Ged, Y and Markowski, MC and Pierorazio, PM},
title = {Advanced renal cell carcinoma and COVID-19 - a personal perspective.},
journal = {Nature reviews. Urology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41585-020-0345-5},
pmid = {32494029},
issn = {1759-4820},
}
@article {pmid32493981,
year = {2020},
author = {},
title = {The COVID-19 testing debacle.},
journal = {Nature biotechnology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41587-020-0575-3},
pmid = {32493981},
issn = {1546-1696},
}
@article {pmid32493967,
year = {2020},
author = {Guan, D and Wang, D and Hallegatte, S and Davis, SJ and Huo, J and Li, S and Bai, Y and Lei, T and Xue, Q and Coffman, D and Cheng, D and Chen, P and Liang, X and Xu, B and Lu, X and Wang, S and Hubacek, K and Gong, P},
title = {Global supply-chain effects of COVID-19 control measures.},
journal = {Nature human behaviour},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41562-020-0896-8},
pmid = {32493967},
issn = {2397-3374},
support = {000567556000099//World Bank Group (World Bank)/ ; 41921005//National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ ; 91846301//National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ ; },
abstract = {Countries have sought to stop the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by severely restricting travel and in-person commercial activities. Here, we analyse the supply-chain effects of a set of idealized lockdown scenarios, using the latest global trade modelling framework. We find that supply-chain losses that are related to initial COVID-19 lockdowns are largely dependent on the number of countries imposing restrictions and that losses are more sensitive to the duration of a lockdown than its strictness. However, a longer containment that can eradicate the disease imposes a smaller loss than shorter ones. Earlier, stricter and shorter lockdowns can minimize overall losses. A 'go-slow' approach to lifting restrictions may reduce overall damages if it avoids the need for further lockdowns. Regardless of the strategy, the complexity of global supply chains will magnify losses beyond the direct effects of COVID-19. Thus, pandemic control is a public good that requires collective efforts and support to lower-capacity countries.},
}
@article {pmid32493950,
year = {2020},
author = {Maas, B and Grogan, KE and Chirango, Y and Harris, N and Liévano-Latorre, LF and McGuire, KL and Moore, AC and Ocampo-Ariza, C and Palta, MM and Perfecto, I and Primack, RB and Rowell, K and Sales, L and Santos-Silva, R and Silva, RA and Sterling, EJ and Vieira, RRS and Wyborn, C and Toomey, A},
title = {Academic leaders must support inclusive scientific communities during COVID-19.},
journal = {Nature ecology &amp; evolution},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41559-020-1233-3},
pmid = {32493950},
issn = {2397-334X},
}
@article {pmid32493949,
year = {2020},
author = {Paula, JR},
title = {Lockdowns due to COVID-19 threaten PhD students' and early-career researchers' careers.},
journal = {Nature ecology &amp; evolution},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41559-020-1231-5},
pmid = {32493949},
issn = {2397-334X},
}
@article {pmid32493939,
year = {2020},
author = {Blackman, JS},
title = {A psychoanalytic view of reactions to the coronavirus pandemic in China.},
journal = {American journal of psychoanalysis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1057/s11231-020-09248-w},
pmid = {32493939},
issn = {1573-6741},
abstract = {The coronavirus pandemic, which apparently began in Wuhan in December 2019, and has persisted to the present day, has had several psychological effects in China. The real danger has produced prolonged stress. Large-group phenomena have been stimulated. Overwhelming affects generated by the real danger have led to regression in the stimulus barrier (or &quot;filter&quot;). The COVID-19 has also triggered unconscious defensive reactions, including obsessional cleaning, counterphobic behavior, humor, and denial. The nationally imposed home quarantine of millions of families has caused in-home conflicts and neurotic repetitions of unresolved childhood issues. Prior psychiatric illnesses have been exacerbated. Health workers, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and psychoanalysts, have experienced emotional depletion. Finally, in families where there has been infection or death, delayed mourning and post-traumatic phenomena have been observed. In each of these situations, different interventions based on psychoanalytic principles have been useful.},
}
@article {pmid32493868,
year = {2020},
author = {Spicciarelli, V and Marruganti, C and Viviano, M and Baldini, N and Franciosi, G and Tortoriello, M and Ferrari, M and Grandini, S},
title = {A new framework to identify dental emergencies in the COVID-19 era.},
journal = {Journal of oral science},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2334/josnusd.20-0208},
pmid = {32493868},
issn = {1880-4926},
abstract = {In order to reduce the spread of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), it is crucial to take extraordinary prevention and safety measures in dental offices, and to defer all elective and non-urgent procedures. Dental emergencies are defined through oral symptoms but, the systemic and psychological conditions of each patient should be considered. The present short communication proposes a multilevel evaluation (oral, systemic and psychological) and risk assessment score for the management of dental emergencies following the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) outbreak. A comprehensive categorization and score scale assessment for dental emergencies allows a better identification of patient's treatment needs and avoids unnecessary contact between dental health care providers and patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32493833,
year = {2020},
author = {Okonkwo, NE and Aguwa, UT and Jang, M and Barré, IA and Page, KR and Sullivan, PS and Beyrer, C and Baral, S},
title = {COVID-19 and the US response: accelerating health inequities.},
journal = {BMJ evidence-based medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111426},
pmid = {32493833},
issn = {2515-4478},
abstract = {Health inequities have long defined health and the healthcare system in the USA. The clinical and research capacity across the USA is unparalleled, yet compared to other high and even some middle-income countries, the average health indicators of the population remain suboptimal in 2020, a finding at least in part explained by inequity in healthcare access. In this context, COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a major threat to the public's health. While it was initially thought that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 would be the great equaliser as it would not discriminate, it is clear that COVID-19 incidence and mortality have rapidly reinforced health disparities drawn by historical and contemporary inequities. Here, we synthesise the data highlighting specific risks among particular marginalised and under-resourced communities including those in jails, prisons and detention centers, immigrants and the undocumented, people with disabilities and people experiencing homelessness across the USA. The drivers of these disparities are pervasive structural risks including limited access to preventive services, inability to comply with physical distancing recommendations, underlying health disparities and intersecting stigmas particularly affecting racial and ethnic minorities across the country, including African Americans, Latinx Americans and Native Americans. Advancing the COVID-19 response, saving lives and restarting the economy necessitate rapidly addressing these inequities rather than ignoring and even reinforcing them.},
}
@article {pmid32493828,
year = {2020},
author = {Gubatan, J and Levitte, S and Patel, A and Balabanis, T and Sharma, A and Jones, E and Lee, B and Manohar, M and Swaminathan, G and Park, W and Habtezion, A},
title = {Prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with a history of pancreatitis in Northern California.},
journal = {Gut},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321772},
pmid = {32493828},
issn = {1468-3288},
}
@article {pmid32493814,
year = {2020},
author = {Yap, JKY and Moriyama, M and Iwasaki, A},
title = {Inflammasomes and Pyroptosis as Therapeutic Targets for COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4049/jimmunol.2000513},
pmid = {32493814},
issn = {1550-6606},
abstract = {The inflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 infection has a direct impact on the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Of the many innate immune pathways that are engaged by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2, we highlight the importance of the inflammasome pathway. We discuss available pharmaceutical agents that target a critical component of inflammasome activation, signaling leading to cellular pyroptosis, and the downstream cytokines as a promising target for the treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019-associated diseases.},
}
@article {pmid32493812,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, J and Kelley, WJ and Goldstein, DR},
title = {Role of Aging and the Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections: Potential Implications for COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4049/jimmunol.2000380},
pmid = {32493812},
issn = {1550-6606},
abstract = {Aging impairs immunity to promote diseases, especially respiratory viral infections. The current COVID-19 pandemic, resulting from SARS-CoV-2, induces acute pneumonia, a phenotype that is alarmingly increased with aging. In this article, we review findings of how aging alters immunity to respiratory viral infections to identify age-impacted pathways common to several viral pathogens, permitting us to speculate about potential mechanisms of age-enhanced mortality to COVID-19. Aging generally leads to exaggerated innate immunity, particularly in the form of elevated neutrophil accumulation across murine and large animal studies of influenza infection. COVID-19 patients who succumb exhibit a 2-fold increase in neutrophilia, suggesting that exaggerated innate immunity contributes to age-enhanced mortality to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further investigation in relevant experimental models will elucidate the mechanisms by which aging impacts respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Such investigation could identify therapies to reduce the suffering of the population at large, but especially among older people, infected with respiratory viruses.},
}
@article {pmid32493791,
year = {2020},
author = {Weissleder, R and Lee, H and Ko, J and Pittet, MJ},
title = {COVID-19 diagnostics in context.},
journal = {Science translational medicine},
volume = {12},
number = {546},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1126/scitranslmed.abc1931},
pmid = {32493791},
issn = {1946-6242},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for different types of diagnostics, comparative validation of new tests, faster approval by federal agencies, and rapid production of test kits to meet global demands. In this Perspective, we discuss the utility and challenges of current diagnostics for COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32493788,
year = {2020},
author = {Mays, JA and Greninger, AL and Jerome, KR and Lynch, JB and Mathias, PC},
title = {Pre-Procedural Surveillance Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in an Asymptomatic Population in the Seattle Region Shows Low Rates of Positivity.},
journal = {Journal of clinical microbiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1128/JCM.01193-20},
pmid = {32493788},
issn = {1098-660X},
abstract = {Seattle region hospitals have been impacted for several months by community spread of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19).….},
}
@article {pmid32493767,
year = {2020},
author = {Melnick, ER and Ioannidis, JPA},
title = {Should governments continue lockdown to slow the spread of covid-19?.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m1924},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m1924},
pmid = {32493767},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493744,
year = {2020},
author = {Frost, DW and Shah, R and Melvin, L and Galán de Juana, M and MacMillan, TE and Abdelhalim, T and Lai, A and Rawal, S and Cavalcanti, RB},
title = {Principles for clinical care of patients with COVID-19 on medical units.},
journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1503/cmaj.200855},
pmid = {32493744},
issn = {1488-2329},
}
@article {pmid32493742,
year = {2020},
author = {Boodman, C and Lagacé-Wiens, P and Bullard, J},
title = {Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2.},
journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1503/cmaj.200858},
pmid = {32493742},
issn = {1488-2329},
}
@article {pmid32493741,
year = {2020},
author = {Mishra, S and Kwong, JC and Chan, AK and Baral, SD},
title = {Understanding heterogeneity to inform the public health response to COVID-19 in Canada.},
journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1503/cmaj.201112},
pmid = {32493741},
issn = {1488-2329},
}
@article {pmid32493740,
year = {2020},
author = {Liu, W and Zhou, P and Chen, K and Ye, Z and Liu, F and Li, X and He, N and Wu, Z and Zhang, Q and Gong, X and Tang, Q and Du, X and Ying, Y and Xu, X and Zhang, Y and Liu, J and Li, Y and Shen, N and Couban, RJ and Ibrahim, QI and Guyatt, G and Zhai, S},
title = {Efficacy and safety of antiviral treatment for COVID-19 from evidence in studies of SARSCoV-2 and other acute viral infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1503/cmaj.200647},
pmid = {32493740},
issn = {1488-2329},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Antiviral medications are being given empirically to some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To support the development of a COVID-19 management guideline, we conducted a systematic review that addressed the benefits and harms of 7 antiviral treatments for COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed and 3 Chinese databases (CNKI, WANFANG and SinoMed) through Apr. 19, medRxiv and Chinaxiv through Apr. 27, and Chongqing VIP through Apr. 30, 2020. We included studies of ribavirin, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, umifenovir (arbidol), favipravir, interferon and lopinavir/ritonavir. If direct evidence from COVID-19 studies was not available, we included indirect evidence from studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) for efficacy outcomes and other acute respiratory viral infections for safety outcomes.<br><br>RESULTS: In patients with nonsevere COVID-19 illness, the death rate was extremely low, precluding an important effect on mortality. We found only very low-quality evidence with little or no suggestion of benefit for most treatments and outcomes in both nonsevere and severe COVID-19. An exception was treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir, for which we found low-quality evidence for a decrease in length of stay in the intensive care unit (risk difference 5 d shorter, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0 to 9 d) and hospital stay (risk difference 1 d shorter, 95% CI 0 to 2 d). For safety outcomes, evidence was of low or very low quality, with the exception of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir for which moderate-quality evidence suggested likely increases in diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.<br><br>INTERPRETATION: To date, persuasive evidence of important benefit in COVID-19 does not exist for any antiviral treatments, although for each treatment evidence has not excluded important benefit. Additional randomized controlled trials involving patients with COVID-19 will be needed before such treatments can be administered with confidence.},
}
@article {pmid32493739,
year = {2020},
author = {Toubiana, J and Poirault, C and Corsia, A and Bajolle, F and Fourgeaud, J and Angoulvant, F and Debray, A and Basmaci, R and Salvador, E and Biscardi, S and Frange, P and Chalumeau, M and Casanova, JL and Cohen, JF and Allali, S},
title = {Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2094},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2094},
pmid = {32493739},
issn = {1756-1833},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics of children and adolescents affected by an outbreak of Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome and to evaluate a potential temporal association with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.<br><br>DESIGN: Prospective observational study.<br><br>SETTING: General paediatric department of a university hospital in Paris, France.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: 21 children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) with features of Kawasaki disease who were admitted to hospital between 27 April and 11 May 2020 and followed up until discharge by 15 May 2020.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were clinical and biological data, imaging and echocardiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes. Nasopharyngeal swabs were prospectively tested for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and blood samples were tested for IgG antibodies to the virus.<br><br>RESULTS: 21 children and adolescents (median age 7.9 (range 3.7-16.6) years) were admitted with features of Kawasaki disease over a 15 day period, with 12 (57%) of African ancestry. 12 (57%) presented with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and 16 (76%) with myocarditis. 17 (81%) required intensive care support. All 21 patients had noticeable gastrointestinal symptoms during the early stage of illness and high levels of inflammatory markers. 19 (90%) had evidence of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive RT-PCR result in 8/21, positive IgG antibody detection in 19/21). All 21 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and 10 (48%) also received corticosteroids. The clinical outcome was favourable in all patients. Moderate coronary artery dilations were detected in 5 (24%) of the patients during hospital stay. By 15 May 2020, after 8 (5-17) days of hospital stay, all patients were discharged home.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The ongoing outbreak of Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome among children and adolescents in the Paris area might be related to SARS-CoV-2. In this study an unusually high proportion of the affected children and adolescents had gastrointestinal symptoms, Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, and were of African ancestry.},
}
@article {pmid32493738,
year = {2020},
author = {Chahar, P and Marciniak, D},
title = {Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in COVID-19 patients.},
journal = {Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc040},
pmid = {32493738},
issn = {1939-2869},
abstract = {COVID-19 is extremely transmissible. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is associated with multiple aerosol-generating procedures including chest compression, positive pressure ventilation, and airway manipulation. Healthcare providers who perform CPR are at high risk of contracting COVID-19. CPR in patients with suspected or proven COVID-19 must be performed without compromising the safety of healthcare providers. An overview of special considerations.},
}
@article {pmid32493737,
year = {2020},
author = {Sese, D and Ahmad, MU and Rajendram, P},
title = {Ethical considerations during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc038},
pmid = {32493737},
issn = {1939-2869},
abstract = {The care of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic has added many layers of complexity to ethical issues. Our response emphasizes the importance of having an ethically sound framework to inform our decisions, requiring caregivers to consider what is ethically optimal and feasible for the patient. It is increasingly important to understand the ethical principles and to appropriately apply them to both patient management decisions and guide scarce resource allocation. If we are to be prepared to face the many challenges of this pandemic, we must prioritize the ethical demands to our treatment and management concerns.},
}
@article {pmid32493736,
year = {2020},
author = {Hassett, C and Gedansky, A and Mays, M and Uchino, K},
title = {Acute ischemic stroke and COVID-19.},
journal = {Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc042},
pmid = {32493736},
issn = {1939-2869},
abstract = {Ischemic stroke may be a presenting feature of COVID-19. Its etiology remains unclear, but severe COVID-19 disease might increase the risk of large-artery strokes. More evidence is needed to substantiate the current reports and provide insights for optimal management.},
}
@article {pmid32493735,
year = {2020},
author = {Oesterreich, S and Cywinski, JB and Elo, B and Geube, M and Mathur, P},
title = {Quality improvement during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc041},
pmid = {32493735},
issn = {1939-2869},
abstract = {In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, quality improvement teams at Cleveland Clinic initiated a number of measures to guide the care of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection and protect care givers. This included increasing the frequency of team meetings from monthly to daily or weekly and creating task forces to create protocols for patient transport, airway management, and management of personal protective equipment and medications in short supply. Enterprise wide, we postponed non-essential surgeries, set up an overflow intensive care unit onsite, created a web-based COVID-19 toolkit for all care givers, and sent daily emails about the most recent developments, decisions, and recommendations from national and international societies.},
}
@article {pmid32493734,
year = {2020},
author = {Panupattanapong, S and Brooks, EB},
title = {New spectrum of COVID-19 manifestations in children: Kawasaki-like syndrome and hyperinflammatory response.},
journal = {Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc039},
pmid = {32493734},
issn = {1939-2869},
abstract = {Since late April 2020, data regarding Kawasaki-like syndrome and hyperinflammatory response in children associated with COVID-19 has rapidly emerged. Much remains unknown about the risk factors, pathogenesis, prognosis, and specific therapy for this emerging manifestation of COVID-19 known as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). MIS-C is rare and early recognition is crucial though no standardized treatment guideline have been established. Worldwide collaboration will be important as more cases are recognized going forward.},
}
@article {pmid32493728,
year = {2020},
author = {Dyer, O},
title = {Covid-19: Pandemic is having &quot;severe&quot; impact on non-communicable disease care, WHO survey finds.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2210},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2210},
pmid = {32493728},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493726,
year = {2020},
author = {Benoy, S and Traksel, R and Verhaegh, P and Broen, J},
title = {COVID-19 in rheumatology outpatient clinics: Dutch mirror image to Lombardy, Italy.},
journal = {Annals of the rheumatic diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217765},
pmid = {32493726},
issn = {1468-2060},
}
@article {pmid32493716,
year = {2020},
author = {Oliver, D},
title = {David Oliver: Covid-19 has highlighted the NHS's strengths and weaknesses.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2124},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2124},
pmid = {32493716},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493713,
year = {2020},
author = {O'Byrne, L},
title = {Medical students and COVID-19: the need for pandemic preparedness.},
journal = {Journal of medical ethics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/medethics-2020-106353},
pmid = {32493713},
issn = {1473-4257},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted unprecedented global disruption. For medical schools, this has manifested as examination and curricular restructuring as well as significant changes to clinical attachments. With the available evidence suggesting that medical students' mental health status is already poorer than that of the general population, with academic stress being a chief predictor, such changes are likely to have a significant effect on these students. In addition, there is an assumption that these students are an available resource in terms of volunteerism during a crisis. This conjecture should be questioned; however, as those engaging in such work without sufficient preparation are susceptible to moral trauma and adverse health outcomes. This, in conjunction with the likelihood of future pandemics, highlights the need for 'pandemic preparedness' to be embedded in the medical curriculum.},
}
@article {pmid32493712,
year = {2020},
author = {Vakharia, K},
title = {The right to know: ethical implications of antibody testing for healthcare workers and overlooked societal implications.},
journal = {Journal of medical ethics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/medethics-2020-106467},
pmid = {32493712},
issn = {1473-4257},
abstract = {After the initial surge in cases of coronavirus (COVID-19), the outbreak has been managed differently in different countries. In the USA, it has been managed in many different ways between states, cities and even counties. This disparity is slowly becoming more and more pronounced with the advent of antibody testing. Although many argue over the potential merits of antibody testing as an immunity passport to allow the economy to restart, there are other implications that stand at the heart of the bioethical debate that are often overlooked. Particularly with COVID-19, there are many uncertainties and the discourse alone of antibodies presumes misinformation that may outweigh the epidemiological benefits of antibody testing. Although this paper does not seek to eliminate antibody testing, it does highlight the need for appropriate counselling both on a personal level with each patient but on a more global level. This moral standard of appropriate education is key to allowing the continued autonomy needed during this pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32493706,
year = {2020},
author = {Griffin, S},
title = {Covid-19: UK deaths approach 50 000, but rate declines.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2212},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2212},
pmid = {32493706},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493704,
year = {2020},
author = {Son, MBF},
title = {Pediatric inflammatory syndrome temporally related to covid-19.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2123},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2123},
pmid = {32493704},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493696,
year = {2020},
author = {Iacobucci, G},
title = {Covid-19: Review of ethnic disparities is labelled &quot;whitewash&quot; for lack of recommendations.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2208},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2208},
pmid = {32493696},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493692,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahase, E},
title = {Covid-19: Physical distancing of at least one metre is linked to large reduction in infection.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2211},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2211},
pmid = {32493692},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32493690,
year = {2020},
author = {Frantellizzi, V and De Vincentis, G},
title = {Management of mCRPC patients treated with 223Radium-dicloride in the scenario of the COVID-19 outbreak.},
journal = {Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.remn.2020.04.005},
pmid = {32493690},
issn = {2253-8070},
}
@article {pmid32493671,
year = {2020},
author = {Xiao, J and Fang, M and Chen, Q and He, B},
title = {SARS, MERS and COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A narrative review.},
journal = {Journal of infection and public health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.019},
pmid = {32493671},
issn = {1876-035X},
abstract = {In the recent two decades, three global viral infectious diseases, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), and coronavirus disease (COVID-19), have occurred worldwide. SARS occurred in November 2002, causing 8096 infected cases, as well as 774 deaths. MERS occurred in June, 2012, causing 2519 confirmed cases, along with 866 associated deaths. COVID-19 occurred in December 2019, as of 30 April 2020, a total of 3,024,059 clinical cases have been reported, including 208,112 deaths. Healthcare workers (HCWs) need to be in close contact with these virus-infected patients and their contaminated environments at work, thus leading to be infected in some of them, even a few of them are died in line of duty. In this review, we summarized the infection status of HCWs during the outbreak of SARS, MERS and COVID-19, with in-depth discussion, hoping to provoke sufficient attention to the HCWs infection status by more people.},
}
@article {pmid32493669,
year = {2020},
author = {Cui, Q and Hu, Z and Li, Y and Han, J and Teng, Z and Qian, J},
title = {Dynamic variations of the COVID-19 disease at different quarantine strategies in Wuhan and mainland China.},
journal = {Journal of infection and public health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.014},
pmid = {32493669},
issn = {1876-035X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) firstly announced in Wuhan of Hubei province, China is rapidly spreading to all the other 31 provinces of China and to more than 140 countries. Quarantine strategies play the key role on the disease controlling and public health in the world with this pandemic of the COVID-19 defined by the World Health Organization.<br><br>METHODS: In this study, a SEIRQ epidemic model was developed to explore the dynamic changes of COVID-19 in Wuhan and mainland China, from January 27, 2020 to March 5, 2020. Moreover, to investigate the effects of the quarantine strategies, two perspectives are employed from the different quarantine magnitudes and quarantine time points.<br><br>RESULTS: The major results suggest that the COVID-19 variations are well captured by the epidemic model with very high accuracy in the cumulative confirmed cases, confirmed cases, cumulative recovered cases and cumulative death cases. The quarantine magnitudes in the susceptible individuals play larger roles on the disease control than the impacts of the quarantines of the exposed individuals and infectious individuals. For the quarantine time points, it shows that the early quarantine strategy is significantly important for the disease controlling. The time delayed quarantining will seriously increase the COVID-19 disease patients and prolongs the days of the disease extinction.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our model can simulate and predict the COVID-19 variations and the quarantine strategies are important for the disease controlling, especially at the early period of the disease outbreak. These conclusions provide important scientific information for the government policymaker in the disease control strategies.},
}
@article {pmid32493663,
year = {2020},
author = {Thalappillil, R and Tam, CW},
title = {POCUS to Guide Fluid Therapy in COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.049},
pmid = {32493663},
issn = {1532-8422},
}
@article {pmid32493648,
year = {2020},
author = {Thierry, B and Célérier, C and Simon, F and Lacroix, C and Khonsari, RH},
title = {How and why use the EasyBreath® Decathlon surface snorkeling mask as a personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic?.},
journal = {European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.anorl.2020.05.006},
pmid = {32493648},
issn = {1879-730X},
abstract = {During the COVID-19 outbreak, personal protective equipment is widely used to limit infection of caregivers. Innovative solutions have been described to overcome supply shortage. The adaptation of the EasyBreath® surface snorkeling mask by the Prakash team has benefited from outstanding media coverage. We present four 3D-printed devices that we have modified from the initial innovative design in order to adapt to local constraints. We tested the mask during surgery. The modifications that we made provide better ergonomics, visibility and communication capacities, but that have no official approval for use and can therefore only be recommended in the absence of a validated alternative solution. 3D printing is a tool of prime importance in the production of devices for medical use in health crisis situations.},
}
@article {pmid32493638,
year = {2020},
author = {DeFilippis, EM and Reza, N and Donald, E and Givertz, MM and Lindenfeld, J and Jessup, M},
title = {Considerations for Heart Failure Care During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.},
journal = {JACC. Heart failure},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jchf.2020.05.006},
pmid = {32493638},
issn = {2213-1787},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the care of patients with HF who contract COVID-19 as well as those without COVID-19 who have been impacted by the restructuring of health care delivery. Patients with HF and other cardiovascular comorbidities are at risk for severe disease and complications of infection. Similarly, COVID-19 has been demonstrated to cause myocarditis and may be implicated in new-onset cardiomyopathy. During this pandemic, special considerations are needed for patients with advanced HF, including those supported by durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and heart transplant recipients. The purpose of this review is to summarize emerging data regarding the development of HF secondary to COVID-19, COVID-19 infection in patients with advanced HF, and the implications of the pandemic on care for non-infected patients with HF.},
}
@article {pmid32493627,
year = {2020},
author = {Satarker, S and Nampoothiri, M},
title = {Structural Proteins in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2.},
journal = {Archives of medical research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.05.012},
pmid = {32493627},
issn = {1873-5487},
abstract = {What began with a sign of pneumonia-related respiratory disorders in China has now become a pandemic named by WHO as Covid-19 known to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 are newly emerged β coronaviruses belonging to the Coronaviridae family. SARS-CoV-2 has a positive viral RNA genome expressing open reading frames that code for structural and non-structural proteins. The structural proteins include spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), membrane (M), and envelope (E) proteins. The S1 subunit of S protein facilitates ACE2 mediated virus attachment while S2 subunit promotes membrane fusion. The presence of glutamine, asparagine, leucine, phenylalanine and serine amino acids in SARS-CoV-2 enhances ACE2 binding. The N protein is composed of a serine-rich linker region sandwiched between N Terminal Domain (NTD) and C Terminal Domain (CTD). These terminals play a role in viral entry and its processing post entry. The NTD forms orthorhombic crystals and binds to the viral genome. The linker region contains phosphorylation sites that regulate its functioning. The CTD promotes nucleocapsid formation. The E protein contains a NTD, hydrophobic domain and CTD which form viroporins needed for viral assembly. The M protein possesses hydrophilic C terminal and amphipathic N terminal. Its long-form promotes spike incorporations and the interaction with E facilitates virion production. As each protein is essential in viral functioning, this review describes the insights of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that would help in developing therapeutic strategies by targeting each protein to curb the rapidly growing pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32493626,
year = {2020},
author = {Arafah, A and Ali, S and Yatoo, AM and Ali, MN and Rehman, MU},
title = {S1 Subunit and Host Proteases as Potential Therapeutic Avenues for the Treatment of COVID-19.},
journal = {Archives of medical research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32493626},
issn = {1873-5487},
abstract = {The novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, now called COVID-19 initially originated in Wuhan city of China and later spread across borders and infected more than five million people and killed over 3.4 lakh people all over the globe. This disease has been announced as pandemic by WHO. So far, there has been not much progress in terms of drug development for fighting against this deadliest virus, also no existing drugs has been reported completely effective for COVID-19 treatment owing to lack of effective therapeutic targets and a broad understanding of the viral behavior in target cell. Some reports have found and confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 like others SARS-CoVs utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor for making entry into target cell by binding to the receptor with its S1 subunit and employing host cell proteases for cleaving S2 subunit at S2' in order to fuse with cell membrane. Thus, simultaneous blocking of S1 subunit and inactivation of proteases seem to be promising therapeutic targets for the development of effective novel drugs. In current write up we hypothesize that S1 subunit and host proteases as potential therapeutic avenues for the treatment of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32493609,
year = {2020},
author = {Chatterjee, S},
title = {SGLT-2 inhibitors for COVID-19 - A miracle waiting to happen or just another beat around the bush?.},
journal = {Primary care diabetes},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.pcd.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32493609},
issn = {1878-0210},
}
@article {pmid32493608,
year = {2020},
author = {Yates, T and Razieh, C and Zaccardi, F and Davies, MJ and Khunti, K},
title = {Obesity and risk of COVID-19: analysis of UK biobank.},
journal = {Primary care diabetes},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.pcd.2020.05.011},
pmid = {32493608},
issn = {1878-0210},
}
@article {pmid32493604,
year = {2020},
author = {Velayos, M and Muñoz-Serrano, AJ and Estefanía-Fernández, K and Sarmiento Caldas, MC and Moratilla Lapeña, L and López-Santamaría, M and López-Gutiérrez, JC},
title = {[Influence of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic on acute appendicitis].},
journal = {Anales de pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.04.022},
pmid = {32493604},
issn = {1695-9531},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. No specific studies have been found that evaluate the impact of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic on AA and its surgical management. An analysis was made on the influence of this new pathology on the clinical course of AA.<br><br>MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study was conducted on patients operated on for AA from January to April 2020. They were classified according to the time of the appendectomy, before the declaration of the state of alarm (pre-COVID-19), and after its declaration (post-COVID-19) in Spain, one the most affected countries in the world. An evaluation was made of demographic variables, duration of symptoms, type of appendicitis, surgical time, hospital stay, and postoperative complications.<br><br>RESULTS: The study included 66 patients (41 pre-COVID-19; 25 post-COVID-19) with mean age of 10.7 ± 3 and 9.3 ± 3.1; P = .073, respectively. Fever was found in a higher number of post-COVID-19 patients (52 vs. 19.5%; P = 0.013), as well as a higher CRP (72.7 ± 96.2 vs. 31.3 ± 36.2 mg/dL; P = 0.042). This group presented with a higher proportion of complicated appendicitis when compared to pre-COVID-19 (32 vs. 7.3%; P = 0.015). The mean hospital stay was longer in the post-COVID-19 group (5.6 ± 5.9 vs. 3.2 ± 4.3 days; P = 0.041). No differences were found in the time of onset of symptoms or surgical time.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic influenced the time of diagnosis of appendicitis, as well as its course, and mean hospital stay. Peritonitis was more frequently seen. As a result of the significant circumstances, delaying diagnosis and treatment of AA during SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, inappropriate management of this common surgical disorder has been noticed.},
}
@article {pmid32493601,
year = {2020},
author = {Torremade, J and Martínez-Salamanca, JI},
title = {Challenges in the Practice of Sexual Medicine in the Time of COVID-19.},
journal = {The journal of sexual medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.012},
pmid = {32493601},
issn = {1743-6109},
}
@article {pmid32493600,
year = {2020},
author = {Shindel, AW and Rowen, TS},
title = {Challenges in the Practice of Sexual Medicine in the Time of COVID-19 in the United States.},
journal = {The journal of sexual medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.011},
pmid = {32493600},
issn = {1743-6109},
}
@article {pmid32493597,
year = {2020},
author = {Trejo-Gabriel-Galán, JM},
title = {Stroke as a complication and prognostic factor of COVID-19.},
journal = {Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.015},
pmid = {32493597},
issn = {1578-1968},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Contradictory data have been reported on the incidence of stroke in patients with COVID-19 and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with history of stroke.<br><br>METHODS: This study systematically reviews case series reporting stroke as a complication of COVID-19, and analyses the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and history of stroke. The pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke in patients with COVID-19 are also reviewed.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: History of stroke increases the risk of death due to COVID-19 by 3 times. Stroke currently seems not to be one of the main complications of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32493595,
year = {2020},
author = {Kohan, S and Rahnemaei, FA},
title = {Delayed umbilical cord clamping and breastfeeding after childbirth in mothers affected by COVID 19: Recommended or not?.},
journal = {European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.05.041},
pmid = {32493595},
issn = {1872-7654},
}
@article {pmid32493574,
year = {2020},
author = {Eiras, S and Álvarez, E and Brión, M and González-Juanatey, JR},
title = {COVID-19 and treatment guided by biochemical and molecular diagnostic tests to reduce myocardial damage and cardiotoxicity.},
journal = {Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.rec.2020.05.009},
pmid = {32493574},
issn = {1885-5857},
}
@article {pmid32493536,
year = {2020},
author = {Ghosh, R and Dubey, S and Kanti Ray, B and Chatterjee, S and Benito-León, J},
title = {COVID-19 presenting with thalamic hemorrhage unmasking moyamoya angiopathy.},
journal = {The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-8},
doi = {10.1017/cjn.2020.117},
pmid = {32493536},
issn = {0317-1671},
}
@article {pmid32493522,
year = {2020},
author = {Pasarikovski, CR and da Costa, L},
title = {The impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volume.},
journal = {The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-6},
doi = {10.1017/cjn.2020.116},
pmid = {32493522},
issn = {0317-1671},
}
@article {pmid32493516,
year = {2020},
author = {Hotopf, M and Bullmore, E and O'Connor, RC and Holmes, EA},
title = {The scope of mental health research in the COVID-19 Pandemic and its aftermath.},
journal = {The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1192/bjp.2020.125},
pmid = {32493516},
issn = {1472-1465},
}
@article {pmid32493514,
year = {2020},
author = {Rilinger, J and Kern, WV and Duerschmied, D and Supady, A and Bode, C and Staudacher, DL and Wengenmayer, T},
title = {A prospective, randomised, double blind placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (TOC-COVID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {470},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04447-3},
pmid = {32493514},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV2 infection leads to a concomitant pulmonary inflammation. This inflammation is supposed to be the main driver in the pathogenesis of lung failure (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) in COVID-19. Objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single dose treatment with Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19. We hypothesize that Tocilizumab slows down the progression of SARS-CoV-2 induced pneumonia and inflammation. We expect an improvement in pulmonary function compared to placebo-treated patients. Desirable outcomes would be that tocilizumab reduces the number of days that patients are dependent on mechanical ventilation and reduces the invasiveness of breathing assistance. Furthermore, this treatment might result in fewer admissions to intensive care units. Next to these efficacy parameters, safety of a therapy with Tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients has to be monitored closely, since immunosuppression could lead to an increased rate of bacterial infections, which could negatively influence the patient's outcome.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: Multicentre, prospective, 2-arm randomised (ratio 1:1), double blind, placebo-controlled trial with parallel group design.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: Inclusion criteria 1.Proof of SARS-CoV2 (Symptoms and positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR))2.Severe respiratory failure: a.Ambient air SpO2 ≤ 92% orb.Need of ≥ 6l O2/min orc.NIV (non-invasive ventilation) ord.IMV (invasive mechanical ventilation)3.Age ≥ 18 years Exclusion criteria 1.Non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation ≥ 48 hours2.Pregnancy or breast feeding3.Liver injury or failure (AST/ALT ≥ 5x ULN)4.Leukocytes < 2 × 103/μl5.Thrombocytes < 50 × 103/μl6.Severe bacterial infection (PCT > 3ng/ml)7.Acute or chronic diverticulitis8.Immunosuppressive therapy (e.g. mycophenolate, azathioprine, methotrexate, biologicals, prednisolone >10mg/d; exceptions are: prednisolone ≤ 10mg/d, sulfasalazine or hydroxychloroquine)9.Known active or chronic tuberculosis10.Known active or chronic viral hepatitis11.Known allergic reactions to tocilizumab or its ingredients12.Life expectation of less than 1 year (independent of COVID-19)13.Participation in any other interventional clinical trial within the last 30 days before the start of this trial14.Simultaneous participation in other interventional trials (except for participation in COVID-19 trials) which could interfere with this trial; simultaneous participation in registry and diagnostic trials is allowed15.Failure to use one of the following safe methods of contraception: female condoms, diaphragm or coil, each used in combination with spermicides; intra-uterine device; hormonal contraception in combination with a mechanical method of contraception. The data collection of the primary follow up (28 days after randomisation) takes place during the hospital stay. Subsequently, a telephone interview on the quality of life is conducted after 6 and 12 months. Participants will be recruited from inpatients at ten medical centres in Germany.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Intervention arm: Application of 8mg/kg body weight (BW) Tocilizumab i.v. once immediately after randomisation (12 mg/kg for patients with <30kg BW; total dose should not exceed 800 mg) AND conventional treatment. Control arm: Placebo (NaCl) i.v. once immediately after randomisation AND conventional treatment.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: Primary endpoint is the number of ventilator free days (d) (VFD) in the first 28 days after randomisation. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are defined as ventilator days. VFD's are counted as zero if the patient dies within the first 28 days.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: The randomisation code will be generated by the CTU (Clinical Trials Unit, ZKS Freiburg) using the following procedure to ensure that treatment assignment is unbiased and concealed from patients and investigator staff. Randomisation will be stratified by centre and will be performed in blocks of variable length in a ratio of 1:1 within each centre. The block lengths will be documented separately and will not be disclosed to the investigators. The randomisation code will be produced by validated programs based on the Statistical Analysis System (SAS).<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): Participants, caregivers, and the study team assessing the outcomes are blinded to group assignment.<br><br>100 participants will be randomised to each group (thus 200 participants in total).<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: Protocol Version: V 1.2, 16.04.2020. Recruitment began 27th April 2020 and is anticipated to be completed by December 2020.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered before trial start in trial registries (EudraCT: No. 2020-001408-41, registered 21st April 2020, and DRKS: No. DRKS00021238, registered 22nd April 2020).<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493510,
year = {2020},
author = {Salvatori, G and Luberto, L and Maffei, M and Aurisicchio, L and Roscilli, G and Palombo, F and Marra, E},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 SPIKE PROTEIN: an optimal immunological target for vaccines.},
journal = {Journal of translational medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {222},
doi = {10.1186/s12967-020-02392-y},
pmid = {32493510},
issn = {1479-5876},
abstract = {COVID-19 has rapidly spread all over the world, progressing into a pandemic. This situation has urgently impelled many companies and public research institutes to concentrate their efforts on research for effective therapeutics. Here, we outline the strategies and targets currently adopted in developing a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Based on previous evidence and experience with SARS and MERS, the primary focus has been the Spike protein, considered as the ideal target for COVID-19 immunotherapies.},
}
@article {pmid32493494,
year = {2020},
author = {Cuadrado-Lavín, A and Olmos, JM and Cifrian, JM and Gimenez, T and Gandarillas, MA and García-Saiz, M and Rebollo, MH and Martínez-Taboada, V and López-Hoyos, M and Fariñas, MC and Crespo, J},
title = {Controlled, double-blind, randomized trial to assess the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine chemoprophylaxis in SARS CoV2 infection in healthcare personnel in the hospital setting: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {472},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04400-4},
pmid = {32493494},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infection presents a high transmission in the group of health professionals in Spain (12-15% infected). Currently there is no accepted chemoprophylaxis but hydroxychloroquine (HDQ) is known to inhibit the coronavirus in vitro. Our hypothesis is that oral administration of hydroxychloroquine to healthcare professionals can reduce the incidence and prevalence of infection as well as its severity in this group.<br><br>METHODS: Design: Prospective, single center, double blind, randomised, controlled trial (RCT).<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: Adult health-care professionals (18-65 years) working in areas of high exposure and high risk of transmission of SARS-COV-2 (COVID areas, Intensive Care Unit -ICUs-, Emergency, Anesthesia and all those performing aerosol-generating procedures) will be included. Exclusion criteria include previous infection with SARS CoV2 (positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR or IgG serology), pregnancy or lactation, any contraindication to hydroxychloroquine or evidence of unstable or clinically significant systemic disease.<br><br>INTERVENTIONS: Patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive once-daily oral Hydroxychloroquine 200mg for two months (HC group) or placebo (P group) in addition to the protective measures appropriate to the level of exposure established by the hospital. A serological evaluation will be carried out every 15 days with PCR in case of seroconversion, symptoms or risk exposure. Primary outcome is the percentage of subjects presenting infection (seroconversion and/or PCR +ve) by the SARS-Cov-2 virus during the observation period. Additionally, both the percentage of subjects in each group presenting Pneumonia with severity criteria (Curb 65 ≥2) and that of subjects requiring admission to ICU will be determined.<br><br>DISCUSSION: While awaiting a vaccine, hygiene measures, social distancing and personal protective equipment are the only primary prophylaxis measures against SARS-CoV-2, but they have not been sufficient to protect our healthcare professionals. Some evidence of the in vitro efficacy of hydroxychloroquine against this virus is known, along with some clinical data that would support the study of this drug in the chemoprophylaxis of infection. However, there are still no data from controlled clinical trials in this regard. If our hypothesis is confirmed, hydroxychloroquine can help professionals fight this infection with more guarantees.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: This is a single-center study that will be carried out at the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. 450 health professionals working at the Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla in areas of high exposure and high risk of transmission of SARS COV2 (COVID hospital areas, Intensive Care Unit, Emergency, Anesthesia and all those performing aerosol-generating procedures) will be included.<br><br>INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) Health professionals aged between 18 and 65 years (inclusive) at the time of the first screening visit; 2) They must provide signed written informed consent and agree to comply with the study protocol; 3) Active work in high exposure areas during the last two weeks and during the following weeks.<br><br>EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) Previous infection with SARS CoV2 (positive coronavirus PCR or positive serology with SARS Cov2 negative PCR and absence of symptoms); 2) Current treatment with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine; 3) Hypersensitivity, allergy or any contraindication for taking hydroxychloroquine, in the technical sheet; 4) Previous or current treatment with tamoxifen or raloxifene; 5) Previous eye disease, especially maculopathy; 6) Known heart failure (Grade III to IV of the New York Heart Association classification) or prolonged QTc; 7) Any type of cancer (except basal cell) in the last 5 years; 6) Refusal to give informed consent; 8) Evidence of any other unstable or clinically significant untreated immune, endocrine, hematological, gastrointestinal, neurological, neoplastic or psychiatric illness; 9) Antibodies positive for the human immunodeficiency virus; 10) Significant kidney or liver disease; 11) Pregnancy or lactation.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Two groups will be analyzed with a 1: 1 randomization rate. 1)Intervention: (n = 225): One 200 mg hydroxychloroquine sulfate coated tablet once daily for two months.2)Comparator (control group) (n = 225): One hydroxychloroquine placebo tablet (identical to that of the drug) once daily for two months MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary outcome of this study will be to evaluate: number and percentage of healthcare personnel presenting symptomatic and asymptomatic infection (see &quot;Diagnosis of SARS CoV2 infection&quot; below) by the SARS-Cov2 virus during the study observation period (8 weeks) in both treatment arms;number and percentage of healthcare personnel in each group presenting with Pneumonia with severity criteria (Curb 65 ≥2) and number and percentage of healthcare personnel requiring admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in both treatment arms. DIAGNOSIS OF SARS COV2 INFECTION: Determination of IgA, IgM and IgG type antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA kit (EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Germany) every two weeks. In cases of seroconversion, a SARS-CoV-2 PCR will be performed to rule out / confirm an active infection (RT-PCR in One Step: RT performed with mastermix (Takara) and IDT probes, following protocol published and validated by the CDC Evaluation of COVID-19 in case of SARS-CoV-2 infection RANDOMISATION: Participants will be allocated to intervention and comparator groups according to a balanced randomization scheme (1: 1). The assignment will be made through a computer-generated numeric sequence for all participants BLINDING (MASKING): Both participants and investigators responsible for recruiting and monitoring participants will be blind to the assigned arm.<br><br>Taking into account the current high prevalence of infection in healthcare personnel in Spain (up to 15%), to detect a difference equal to or greater than 8% in the percentage estimates through a two-tailed 95% CI, with a statistical power of 80% and a dropout rate of 5%, a total of 450 participants will need to be included (250 in each arm).<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: The protocol approved by the health authorities in Spain (Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products &quot;AEMPS&quot;) and the Ethics and Research Committee of Cantabria (CEIm Cantabria) corresponds to version 1.1 of April 2, 2020. Currently, recruitment has not yet started, with the start scheduled for the second week of May 2020.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: Eudra CT number: 2020-001704-42 (Registered on 29 March 2020) FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. The study protocol has been reported in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Clinical Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines (Additional file 2).},
}
@article {pmid32493489,
year = {2020},
author = {Lammers, MJW and Lea, J and Westerberg, BD},
title = {Guidance for otolaryngology health care workers performing aerosol generating medical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of otolaryngology - head &amp; neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale},
volume = {49},
number = {1},
pages = {36},
doi = {10.1186/s40463-020-00429-2},
pmid = {32493489},
issn = {1916-0216},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a predilection for infecting the mucosa of the upper and lower airways. Otolaryngologists and supporting health care workers (HCWs) are particularly at high risk of becoming infected while treating patients as many in-office procedures and surgeries are Aerosol Generating Medical Procedures (AGMP). Based on a review of the literature and various guidelines, recommendations are made to mitigate the risk to health care workers of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 while providing clinical care.<br><br>RECOMMENDATIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic all elective and non-time sensitive Otolaryngology procedures should be deferred to mitigate the risk of transmission of infection to HCWs. For non-AGMPs in all patients, even COVID-19 positive patients Level 1 PPE (surgical mask, gown, gloves and face shield or goggles) is sufficient. If local prevalence is favourable and patients are asymptomatic and test negative for SARS-CoV-2, Level 1 PPE can be used during short duration AGMPs, with limited risk of infected aerosol spread. For AGMPs in patients who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 a minimum of Level 2 PPE, with adequate protection of mucosal surfaces, is recommended (N95/FFP2 respirator, gown, double gloves, goggles or face shield and head cover). For long duration AGMPs that are deemed high-risk in COVID-19 positive patients, Level 3 PPE can provide a higher level of protection and be more comfortable during long duration surgeries if surgical hoods or PAPRs are used. It is recommended that these procedures are performed in negative pressure rooms, if available. It is essential to follow strict donning and doffing protocols to minimize the risk of contamination.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: By following strict infection prevention recommendations, the risk of HCWs becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 while treating patients can be minimized. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves rapidly, these recommendations should serve as guidance and need to be interpreted based on local factors and availability of healthcare resources.},
}
@article {pmid32493478,
year = {2020},
author = {Barnabas, RV and Brown, E and Bershteyn, A and Miller, RS and Wener, M and Celum, C and Wald, A and Chu, H and Wesche, D and Baeten, JM and , },
title = {Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among adults exposed to coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {475},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04446-4},
pmid = {32493478},
issn = {1745-6215},
support = {INV-016204//Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Primary Objective • To test the efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (400 mg orally daily for 3 days then 200 mg orally daily for an additional 11 days, to complete 14 days) to prevent incident SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to ascorbic acid among contacts of persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection Secondary objectives • To determine the safety and tolerability of HCQ as SARS-CoV-2 Post-exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) in adults • To test the efficacy of HCQ (400 mg orally daily for 3 days then 200 mg orally daily for an additional 11 days, to complete 14 days) to prevent incident SARS-CoV-2 infection 2 weeks after completing therapy, compared to ascorbic acid among contacts of persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection • To test the efficacy of HCQ to shorten the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the HCQ PEP group • To test the efficacy of HCQ to prevent incident COVID-19 TRIAL DESIGN: This is a randomized, multi-center, placebo-equivalent (ascorbic acid) controlled, blinded study of HCQ PEP for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults exposed to the virus.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: This study will enroll up to 2000 asymptomatic adults 18 to 80 years of age (inclusive) at baseline who are close contacts of persons with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 or clinically suspected COVID-19 and a pending SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. This multisite trial will be conducted at seven sites in Seattle (UW), Los Angeles (UCLA), New Orleans (Tulane), Baltimore (UMB), New York City (NYU), Syracuse (SUNY-Upstate), and Boston (BMC). Inclusion criteria Participants are eligible to be included in the study only if all of the following criteria apply: 1.Men or women 18 to 80 years of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent2.Willing and able to provide informed consent3.Had a close contact of a person (index) with known PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection or index who is currently being assessed for COVID-19 Close contact is defined as: a.Household contact (i.e., residing with the index case in the 14 days prior to index diagnosis or prolonged exposure within a residence/vehicle/enclosed space without maintaining social distance)b.Medical staff, first responders, or other care persons who cared for the index case without personal protection (mask and gloves)4.Less than 4 days since last exposure (close contact with a person with SARS-CoV-2 infection) to the index case5.Access to device and internet for Telehealth visits6.Not planning to take HCQ in addition to the study medication Exclusion criteria Participants are excluded from the study if any of the following criteria apply: 1.Known hypersensitivity to HCQ or other 4-aminoquinoline compounds2.Currently hospitalized3.Symptomatic with subjective fever, cough, or shortness of breath4.Current medications exclude concomitant use of HCQ5.Concomitant use of other anti-malarial treatment or chemoprophylaxis, including chloroquine, mefloquine, artemether, or lumefantrine.6.History of retinopathy of any etiology7.Psoriasis8.Porphyria9.Known bone marrow disorders with significant neutropenia (polymorphonuclear leukocytes <1500) or thrombocytopenia (<100 K)10.Concomitant use of digoxin, cyclosporin, cimetidine, amiodarone, or tamoxifen11.Known moderate or severe liver disease12.Known long QT syndrome13.Severe renal impairment14.Use of any investigational or non-registered drug or vaccine within 30 days preceding the first dose of the study drugs or planned use during the study period INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Households will be randomized 1:1 (at the level of household), with close contact participants receiving one of the following therapies: •HCQ 400 mg orally daily for 3 days then 200 mg orally daily for an additional 11 days •Placebo-like control (ascorbic acid) 500 mg orally daily for 3 days then 250 mg orally daily for 11 days MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary outcome of the study is the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection through day 14 among participants who are SARS-CoV-2 negative at baseline by randomization group.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to HCQ or ascorbic acid at the level of the household (all eligible participants in 1 household will receive the same intervention). The randomization code and resulting allocation list will be generated and maintained by the Study Statistician. The list will be blocked and stratified by site and contact type (household versus healthcare worker).<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): This is a blinded study. HCQ and ascorbic acid will appear similar, and taste will be partially masked as HCQ can be bitter and ascorbic acid will be sour. The participants will be blinded to their randomization group once assigned. Study team members, apart from the Study Pharmacist and the unblinded statistical staff, will be blinded. Laboratory staff are blinded to the group allocation.<br><br>The sample size for the study is N=2 000 participants randomized 1:1 to either HCZ (n=1 000) and ascorbic acid (n=1 000).<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version: 1.2 05 April 2020 Recruitment is ongoing, started March 31 and anticipated end date is September 30, 2020.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, Protocol Registry Number: NCT04328961 Date of registration: April 1, 2020, retrospectively registered FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493475,
year = {2020},
author = {García, IG and Rodriguez-Rubio, M and Mariblanca, AR and de Soto, LM and García, LD and Villatoro, JM and Parada, JQ and Meseguer, ES and Rosales, MJ and González, J and Arribas, JR and Carcas, AJ and de la Oliva, P and Borobia, AM},
title = {A randomized multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin in the prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-risk contacts (MeCOVID Trial): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {466},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04436-6},
pmid = {32493475},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Primary objective: to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin as a prophylactic treatment on prevention of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Secondary objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of melatonin as a prophylactic treatment on prevention of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.To evaluate the efficacy of melatonin to prevent the development of severe COVID-19 in the participants enrolled in this study who develop SARS-CoV-2 infection along the trial.To evaluate the duration of COVID-19 symptoms in participants receiving melatonin before the infection.To evaluate seroconversion timing post-symptom onset. Exploratory objectives:To compare severity of COVID-19 between men and women.To evaluate the influence of sleep and diet on prevention from SARS-CoV-2 infection.To evaluate the effect of melatonin on the incidence and characteristics of lymphopenia and increase of inflammatory cytokines related to COVID-19.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: This is a two-arm parallel randomised double-blind controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin versus placebo in the prophylaxis of coronavirus disease 2019 among healthcare workers.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: Inclusion Criteria: Male or female participants ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years of age.Healthcare workers from the public and private Spanish hospital network at risk of SARS-CoV 2 infection.Not having a previous COVID19 diagnosis.Understanding the purpose of the trial and not having taken any pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) including HIV PrEP from March 1st 2020 until study enrolment.Having a negative SARS-CoV 2 reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) result or a negative serologic rapid test (IgM/IgG) result before randomization.Premenopausal women must have a negative urinary pregnancy test in the 7 days before starting the trial treatment.Premenopausal women and males with premenopausal couples must commit to using a high efficiency anticonceptive method.<br><br>EXCLUSION CRITERIA: HIV infection.Active hepatitis B infection.Renal failure (CrCl < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or need for hemodialysis.Osteoporosis.Myasthenia gravis.Pre-existent maculopathy.Retinitis pigmentosa.Bradycardia (less than 50 bpm).Weight less than 40 Kg.Participant with any immunosuppressive condition or hematological disease.Treatment with drugs that may prolong QT in the last month before randomization for more than 7 days including: azithromycin, chlorpromazine, cisapride, clarithromycin, domperidone, droperidol, erythromycin, halofantrine, haloperidol, lumefantrine, mefloquine, methadone, pentamidine, procainamide, quinidine, quinine, sotalol, sparfloxacin, thioridazine, amiodarone.Hereditary intolerance to galactose, Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose or galactose malabsorption.Treatment with fluvoxamine.Treatment with benzodiazepines or benzodiazepine analogues such as zolpidem, zopiclone or zaleplon.Pregnancy.Breastfeeding.History of potentially immune derived diseases such as: lupus, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, vasculitis or rheumatoid arthritis.Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Known history of hypersensitivity to the study drug or any of its components.Patients that should not be included in the study at the judgment of the research team. Participants will be recruited from the following eight hospitals in Madrid, Spain: Hospital Universitario La Paz, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Hospital Infanta Sofía, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Hospital Central de la defensa Gómez Ulla,Hospital de La Princesa and Hospital Infanta Leonor.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Experimental: Melatonin (Circadin®, Exeltis Healthcare, Spain): 2 mg of melatonin orally before bedtime for 12 weeks. Comparator: Identical looking placebo (Laboratorios Liconsa, Spain) orally before bedtime for 12 weeks.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: Number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) symptomatic infections confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test or serologic test or according to each centre diagnosis protocol. Primary outcome will be measured until the end of treatment for each participant (until the date of the last dose taken by each patient).<br><br>RANDOMISATION: Patients who meet all inclusion and no exclusion criteria will be randomised, stratified by centres, sex and age (<50 and ≥ 50 years old). The randomisation sequence was created using SAS version 9.4 statistical software (procedure 'PROC PLAN') with a 1:1 allocation. No randomisation seed was specified. The randomisation seed was generated taking the hour of the computer where the program was executed. Randomization will be done centrally through the electronic system RedCAP® in order to conceal the sequence until interventions are assigned BLINDING (MASKING): Participants, caregivers, and those assessing the outcomes are blinded to group assignment.<br><br>A total of 450 participants are planned to be enrolled in this clinical trial, 225 in the experimental arm and 225 in the placebo arm.<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version 3.0, 17th of April 2020. Recruitment ongoing. First participant was recruited on the 21st of April 2020. The final participant is anticipated to be recruited on the 31st of May 2020. As of May 18th, 2020, a total of 312 participants have been enrolled (154 at Hospital La Paz, 85 at Hospital Infanta Sofía and 73 at Hospital 12 de Octubre).<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: EU Clinical Trials Register: 2020-001530-35; Date of trial registration: 13th of April 2020; https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001530-35/ES FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493473,
year = {2020},
author = {Gorman, E and Shankar-Hari, M and Hopkins, P and Tunnicliffe, WS and Perkins, GD and Silversides, J and McGuigan, P and Jackson, C and Boyle, R and McFerran, J and McDowell, C and Campbell, C and McFarland, M and Smythe, J and Thompson, J and Williams, B and Curley, G and Laffey, JG and Clarke, M and O'Kane, C and McAuley, DF},
title = {Repair of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Stromal Cell Administration in COVID-19 (REALIST-COVID-19): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised, controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {462},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04416-w},
pmid = {32493473},
issn = {1745-6215},
support = {106939/Z/15/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the study is to assess the safety of a single intravenous infusion of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19. Secondary objectives are to determine the effects of MSCs on important clinical outcomes, as described below.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: REALIST COVID 19 is a randomised, placebo-controlled, triple blinded trial.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: The study will be conducted in Intensive Care Units in hospitals across the United Kingdom. Patients with moderate to severe ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition, receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and with a diagnosis of COVID-19 based on clinical diagnosis or PCR test will be eligible. Patients will be excluded for the following reasons: more than 72 hours from the onset of ARDS; age < 16 years; patient known to be pregnant; major trauma in previous 5 days; presence of any active malignancy (other than non-melanoma skin cancer); WHO Class III or IV pulmonary hypertension; venous thromboembolism currently receiving anti-coagulation or within the past 3 months; patient receiving extracorporeal life support; severe chronic liver disease (Child-Pugh > 12); Do Not Attempt Resuscitation order in place; treatment withdrawal imminent within 24 hours; prisoners; declined consent; non-English speaking patients or those who do not adequately understand verbal or written information unless an interpreter is available; previously enrolled in the REALIST trial.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Intervention: Allogeneic donor CD362 enriched human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (REALIST ORBCEL-C) supplied as sterile, single-use cryopreserved cell suspension of a fixed dose of 400 x106 cells in 40ml volume, to be diluted in Plasma-Lyte 148 to a total volume of 200mls for administration. Comparator (placebo): Plasma-Lyte 148 Solution for Infusion (200mls). The cellular product (REALIST ORBCEL-C) was developed and patented by Orbsen Therapeutics.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary safety outcome is the incidence of serious adverse events. The primary efficacy outcome is Oxygenation Index (OI) at day 7. Secondary outcomes include: OI at days 4 and 14; respiratory compliance, driving pressure and PaO2/FiO2 ratio (PF ratio) at days 4, 7 and 14; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at days 4, 7 and 14; extubation and reintubation; ventilation free days at day 28; duration of mechanical ventilation; length of ICU and hospital stay; 28-day and 90-day mortality.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: After obtaining informed consent, patients will be randomised via a centralised automated 24-hour telephone or web-based randomisation system (CHaRT, Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen). Randomisation will be stratified by recruitment centre and by vasopressor use and patients will be allocated to REALIST ORBCEL-C or placebo control in a 1:1 ratio.<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): The investigator, treating physician, other members of the site research team and participants will be blinded. The cell therapy facility and clinical trials pharmacist will be unblinded to facilitate intervention and placebo preparation. The unblinded individuals will keep the treatment information confidential. The infusion bag will be masked at the time of preparation and will be administered via a masked infusion set.<br><br>A sample size of 60 patients with 30 patients randomised to the intervention and 30 to the control group. If possible, recruitment will continue beyond 60 patients to provide more accurate and definitive trial results. The total number of patients recruited will depend on the pandemic and be guided by the data monitoring and ethics committee (DMEC).<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: REALIST Phase 1 completed in January 2020 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was an open label dose escalation study of REALIST ORBCEL-C in patients with ARDS. The COVID-19 pandemic emerged as REALIST Phase 2 was planned to commence and the investigator team decided to repurpose the Phase 2 trial as a COVID-19 specific trial. This decision was discussed and approved by the Trial Steering Committee (TSC) and DMEC. Submissions were made to the Research Ethics Committee (REC) and MHRA to amend the protocol to a COVID-19 specific patient population and the protocol amendment was accepted by the REC on 27th March 2020 and MHRA on 30th March 2020 respectively. Other protocol changes in this amendment included an increase in the time of onset of ARDS from 48 to 72 hours, inclusion of clinical outcomes as secondary outcomes, the provision of an option for telephone consent, an indicative sample size and provision to continue recruitment beyond this indicative sample size. The current protocol in use is version 4.0 23.03.2020 (Additional file 1). Urgent Public Health status was awarded by the NIHR on 2 April 2020 and the trial opened to recruitment and recruited the first participant the same day. At the time of publication the trial was open to recruitment at 5 sites across the UK (Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, King's College London, Guys and St Thomas' Hospital London, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham) and 12 patients have been recruited across these sites. Additional sites are planned to open and appropriate approvals for these are being obtained. It is estimated recruitment will continue for 6 months.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03042143 (Registered 3 Feb 2017). EudraCT 2017-000585-33 (Registered 28 Nov 2017).<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol (version 4.0 23.03.2020) is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest of expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. The study protocol has been reported in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Clinical Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines (Additional file 2).},
}
@article {pmid32493468,
year = {2020},
author = {Irvani, SSN and Golmohammadi, M and Pourhoseingholi, MA and Shokouhi, S and Darazam, IA},
title = {Effectiveness of Interferon Beta 1a, compared to Interferon Beta 1b and the usual therapeutic regimen to treat adults with moderate to severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {473},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04382-3},
pmid = {32493468},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We will investigate the effectiveness of Interferon Beta 1a, compared to Interferon Beta 1b and the usual therapeutic regimen in COVID-19 in patients that have tested positive and are moderately to severely ill.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: This is a single center, open label, randomized, controlled, parallel group, clinical trial that will be conducted at Loghman Hakim Medical Education Center in conjunction with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: Sixty COVID-19 confirmed cases (using the RT-PCR test) will be enrolled in the trial between April 9th to April 14th 2020. Patients will be randomly assigned to the intervention groups or the control group with the following eligibility criteria: ≥ 18 years of age AND (oxygen saturation (SPO2) ≤ 93% OR respiratory rate ≥ 24) AND at least one of the following: Contactless infrared forehead thermometer temperature of ≥37.8, cough, sputum production, nasal discharge, myalgia, headache or fatigue on admission, and time of onset of the symptoms should be acute (Days ≤ 14). Although Hydroxychloroquine will be administered in a single dose, patients with heart problems (prolonged QT or PR intervals, second- or third-degree heart block, and arrhythmias including torsade de pointes) will be excluded. Other exclusion criteria include using drugs with potential interaction with Hydroxychloroquine + Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Interferon-β 1a, Interferon-β 1b, pregnant or lactating women, history of alcohol or drug addiction in the past 5 years, blood ALT/AST levels > 5 times the upper limit of normal on laboratory results and refusal to participate. This study will be undertaken at the Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: COVID-19 confirmed patients will be randomly assigned to one of three groups, with 20 patients in each. The first group (Arm 1) will receive Hydroxychloroquine + Lopinavir / Ritonavir (Kaletra) + Interferon-β 1a (Recigen), the second group (Arm 2) will be administered Hydroxychloroquine + Lopinavir / Ritonavir (Kaletra) + Interferon-β 1b (Ziferon), and the control group (Arm 3) will be treated by Hydroxychloroquine + Lopinavir / Ritonavir (Kaletra).<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: Time to clinical improvement is our primary outcome measure. This is an improvement of two points on a seven-category ordinal scale (recommended by the World Health Organization: Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) R&amp;D. Geneva: World Health Organization) or discharge from the hospital, whichever comes first. Secondary outcomes include mortality from the date of randomization until the last day of the study which will be the day all of the patients have had at least one of the following outcomes: 1) Improvement of two points on a seven-category ordinal scale. 2) Discharge from the hospital 3) Death. If any patient dies, we have reached an important secondary outcome. SpO2 Improvement between the last and first day of hospitalization, using pulse-oximetry. Duration of hospitalization from date of randomization until the date of hospital discharge or date of death from any cause, whichever comes first. Incidence of new mechanical ventilation uses from date of randomization until the last day of the study. Please note that we are trying to add further secondary outcomes and this section of the protocol is still evolving. Statistical analysis will be performed by R version 3.6.1 software. We will use Kaplan-Meier to analyze the time to clinical improvement (compared with a log-rank test). Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals will be calculated using the Cox proportional-hazards model in crude and adjusted analysis.<br><br>RANDOMIZATION: Eligible patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either Interferon Beta 1a, Interferon Beta 1b or standard care only. Patients will be randomly allocated to three therapeutic arms using permuted, block-randomization to balance the number of patients allocated to each group. The permuted block (three or six patients per block) randomization sequence will be generated, using Package 'randomizeR' in R software version 3.6.1. and placed in individual sealed and opaque envelopes by the statistician. The investigator will enroll the patients and only then open envelopes to assign patients to the different treatment groups. This method of allocation concealment will result in minimum selection and confounding biases.<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): The present research is open-label (no masking) of patients and health care professionals who are undertaking outcome assessment of the primary outcome - time to clinical improvement.<br><br>Of the 60 patients who underwent randomization, 20 patients were assigned to receive Interferon beta-1a, 20 patients were assigned to receive Interferon beta 1b plus standard care and the rest of patients were assigned to receive the standard care alone.<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version 1.2.1. Recruitment is finished, the start date of recruitment was on 9th April 2020 and the end date was on 14th April 2020. Last point of data collection will be the last day on which all of the 60 participants have had an outcome of clinical improvement or death, completing the study's follow-up time window.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with National Institutes of Health Clinical trials (www.clinicaltrials.gov; identification number NCT04343768, registered April 8, 2020 and first available online April 13, 2020).<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493466,
year = {2020},
author = {Tariq, A and Lee, Y and Roosa, K and Blumberg, S and Yan, P and Ma, S and Chowell, G},
title = {Real-time monitoring the transmission potential of COVID-19 in Singapore, March 2020.},
journal = {BMC medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {166},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-020-01615-9},
pmid = {32493466},
issn = {1741-7015},
support = {1610429//National Science Foundation/ ; 1633381//National Science Foundation/ ; R01 GM 130900/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; R01 GM 130900/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As of March 31, 2020, the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic that started in China in December 2019 is now generating local transmission around the world. The geographic heterogeneity and associated intervention strategies highlight the need to monitor in real time the transmission potential of COVID-19. Singapore provides a unique case example for monitoring transmission, as there have been multiple disease clusters, yet transmission remains relatively continued.<br><br>METHODS: Here we estimate the effective reproduction number, Rt, of COVID-19 in Singapore from the publicly available daily case series of imported and autochthonous cases by date of symptoms onset, after adjusting the local cases for reporting delays as of March 17, 2020. We also derive the reproduction number from the distribution of cluster sizes using a branching process analysis that accounts for truncation of case counts.<br><br>RESULTS: The local incidence curve displays sub-exponential growth dynamics, with the reproduction number following a declining trend and reaching an estimate at 0.7 (95% CI 0.3, 1.0) during the first transmission wave by February 14, 2020, while the overall R based on the cluster size distribution as of March 17, 2020, was estimated at 0.6 (95% CI 0.4, 1.02). The overall mean reporting delay was estimated at 6.4 days (95% CI 5.8, 6.9), but it was shorter among imported cases compared to local cases (mean 4.3 vs. 7.6 days, Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001).<br><br>CONCLUSION: The trajectory of the reproduction number in Singapore underscores the significant effects of successful containment efforts in Singapore, but it also suggests the need to sustain social distancing and active case finding efforts to stomp out all active chains of transmission.},
}
@article {pmid32493460,
year = {2020},
author = {Vandormael, A and Adam, M and Greuel, M and Bärnighausen, T},
title = {A short, animated video to improve good COVID-19 hygiene practices: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {469},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04449-1},
pmid = {32493460},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Entertainment-education (E-E) media can improve behavioral intent toward health-related practices. In the era of COVID-19, millions of people can be reached by E-E media without requiring any physical contact. We have designed a short, wordless, animated video about COVID-19 hygiene practices-such as social distancing and frequent hand washing-that can be rapidly distributed through social media channels to a global audience. The E-E video's effectiveness, however, remains unclear. The study aims to achieve the following objectives. To: 1.Quantify people's interest in watching a short, animated video about COVID-19 hygiene (abbreviated to CoVideo).2.Establish the CoVideo's effectiveness in increasing behavioural intent toward COVID-19 hygiene.3.Establish the CoVideo's effectiveness in improving COVID-19 hygiene knowledge.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: The present study is a multi-site, parallel group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of the CoVideo against an attention placebo control (APC) video or no video. The trial has an intervention arm (CoVideo), placebo arm (APC), and control arm (no video). Nested in each trial arm is a list experiment and questionnaire survey, with the following ordering. Arm 1: the CoVideo, list experiment, and questionnaire survey. Arm 2: the APC video, list experiment, questionnaire survey, and CoVideo. Arm 3: the list experiment, questionnaire survey, and CoVideo. For each list experiment, participants will be randomized to a control or treatment group. The control group will receive a list of five items and the treatment group will receive the same five items plus one item about COVID-19 hygiene. We will use the list experiment to reduce response bias associated with socially desirable answers to COVID-19 questions. The questionnaire survey will include items about the participant's age, sex, country of residence, highest education, and knowledge of COVID-19 spread. After completing the list experiment and questionnaire survey, participants in Arms 2 and 3 will receive the CoVideo to ensure post-trial access to treatment.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: This will be an online study setting. We will use Prolific Academic (ProA: https://www.prolific.co) to recruit participants and host our study on the Gorilla™ platform (www.gorilla.sc). To be eligible, participants must be between the age of 18 and 59 years (male, female, or other) and have current residence in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Mexico, or France. Participants will be excluded from the study if they cannot speak English, German, French, or Spanish (since the instructions and survey questions will be available in these 4 languages only).<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: The intervention is an E-E video about COVID-19 hygiene (CoVideo). Developed by our co-author (MA) for Stanford Medicine, the CoVideo is animated with sound effects, and has no words, speech, or text. The CoVideo shows how the novel coronavirus is spread (airborne, physical contact) and summarizes the public's response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key components of the CoVideo are the promotion of five hygiene practices: i) social distancing and avoiding group gatherings, ii) frequently washing hands with soap and water or sanitizer, iii) cleaning surfaces at home (e.g., kitchen counters), iv) not sharing eating utensils, and v) avoidance of stockpiling essential goods (such as toilet paper and face masks). The CoVideo, which was designed for universal reach and optimized for release on social media channels, can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAj38E7vrS8. The comparators are an APC video (Arm 2) or no video (Arm 3). The APC video is similar in style to the CoVideo; it is also animated with a duration of 2.30 minutes, has sound effects but no words, speech, or text. The video message is about how small choices become actions, which become habits, which become a way of life. It is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HEnohs6yYw. Each list experiment will have a control list as the comparator. The control list is needed to measure the prevalence of behavioral intent toward COVID-19 hygiene.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: This study will measure primary and secondary outcomes related to COVID-19 hygiene. By hygiene, we mean the adoption of behaviors or practices that reduce the chances of being infected or spreading COVID-19. As our primary outcome, we will measure changes in behavioral intent toward five hygiene practices: social distancing, washing hands, cleaning household surfaces, not sharing eating utensils, and not stockpiling essential goods. As a secondary outcome, we will measure knowledge about behaviors that can prevent the spread of COVID-19.<br><br>RANDOMIZATION: Using a web-based randomization algorithm, Gorilla will randomly allocate participants to the intervention (CoVideo), placebo (APC), or control (no video) arm (sequence generation) at a 1:1:1 ratio. Within each trial arm, Gorilla will randomly allocate participants at a 1:1 ratio to the control or treatment group. Items in the lists will be randomly ordered to avoid order effects. The presentation order of the list experiments will also be randomized.<br><br>BLINDING: Because ProA handles the interaction between the study investigators and participants, the participants will be completely anonymous to the study investigators. The outcome measures will be self-reported and submitted anonymously. All persons in the study team will be blinded to the group allocation.<br><br>NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMIZED: The Gorilla algorithm will randomize 6,700 participants to each trial arm, giving a total sample size of 20,100.<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: The protocol version number is 1.0 and the date is 18 May 2020. Recruitment is expected to end by 22 June 2020. Thus far, the study investigators have recruited 2,500 participants on ProA. Of these participants, 800 have completed the study on the Gorilla platform.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study and its outcomes were registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (www.drks.de) on May 12th, 2020, protocol number: #DRKS00021582. The study was registered before any data was collected.<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493459,
year = {2020},
author = {Malhotra, A and Ernest, D and Rogers, BA and Haylock, D and Watt, A and Moeneclaey, G and Jenkin, G},
title = {Umbilical cord blood therapy to prevent progression of COVID-19 related pneumonia: a structured summary of a study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {474},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04387-y},
pmid = {32493459},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Objective: To undertake a pilot, feasibility RCT of umbilical cord blood derived cell therapy for treatment of adult patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus related moderate-to-severe pneumonia to prevent progression to severe ARDS.<br><br>HYPOTHESIS: Expanded cord blood derived cell therapy will be feasible, well tolerated and show potential efficacy in the treatment of acute COVID-19 related moderate to severe pneumonia in adult patients because of their powerful anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: Pilot, parallel design randomised controlled trial.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: The trial will recruit 24 hospitalised patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and pneumonia from July to December 2020 at Monash Medical Centre in Melbourne, Australia.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Intervention: Intravenous injection of expanded umbilical cord blood cells at a dose of 5 million cells/kg (maximum dose - 500 million cells). Cell infusion will occur over 30-60 minutes through a peripheral intravenous cannula. Standard supportive care will continue as needed. Comparator: Standard supportive care.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: Safety and tolerability of cell administration within first 24 hours of administration; clinical improvement on a seven-category clinical improvement ordinal scale.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: Randomisation will be done using computer generated allocation to intervention/ control groups in a 1:1 ratio (in blocks of 6) using sealed opaque envelopes.<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): This will be an unblinded study, given that it is the first study using expanded cord blood cells in COVID-19 patients. There will be no placebo infusion.<br><br>Twelve participants in each group. Total n=24.<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: CBC-19 protocol v2, dated 23rd April 2020. Recruitment has not started yet. Estimated recruitment timeline is between 1st July - 31st December 2020.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12620000478910, registered 16th April 2020.<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493447,
year = {2020},
author = {Pirjani, R and Soori, T and Dehpour, AR and Sepidarkish, M and Moini, A and Shizarpour, A and Jafari, RM},
title = {Effect of hydroxychloroquine on prevention of COVID-19 virus infection among healthcare professionals: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {467},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04439-3},
pmid = {32493447},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Comparison of the effect of hydroxychloroquine with placebo to prevent infection from the COVID -19 virus among healthcare professionals TRIAL DESIGN: Single centre, 2-arm, double-blind randomised (ratio 1:1) placebo-controlled trial PARTICIPANTS: Treatment staff who are in contact with patients and have at least 3 shifts a week in Arash hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in Iran and who consent to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria include: History of COVID -19 virus infection, clinical symptoms such as fever, nausea, dyspnea and myalgia in the past two months, history of underlying diseases hypersensitivity to hydroxychloroquine and G6PD enzyme deficiency.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Intervention group: Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg tablet of Amin Pharmaceutical.<br><br>CONTROL GROUP: placebo which is completely similar in form and taste to 200 mg hydroxychloroquine tablet and is manufactured by the same factory (Amin Pharmacy). The dosage is two tablets daily, once a week for one to three months (based on the duration of the Coronavirus epidemic in Tehran).<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: Confirmed COVID-19 virus infection using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is the primary outcome. The time period for measuring the primary outcome is any infection within the trial period up to one month after taking the last dose.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: The randomized block allocation method was developed using Stata version 15 software by an independent researcher, using a block size of six. Allocation to the two treatment groups will be conducted by this researcher using paper labels (random 10-digit codes) in a 1:1 ratio t The labels will be attached to the drug packages in order of randomization. Drug packages will be arranged in a box according to the randomization list.<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): Participants and caregivers are blinded to group assignment and the data will be analyzed by an independent statistical expert who is unaware of the treatment allocation.<br><br>A total of 282 participants will be randomised with 141 participants the Hydroxychloroquineeach intervention group and 141 participants to the placebo control group TRIAL STATUS: The protocol version number is 99-1-101-47091 and the approval ID is IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.001 and recruitment began April 7, 2020, and is anticipated to be complete by August 7, 2020.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: The name of the trial register is Iranian registry of clinical trial (IRCT), registration number is IRCT20120826010664N6, date of trial registration is April 7, 2020, FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493443,
year = {2020},
author = {Vordermark, D},
title = {Shift in indications for radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic? A review of organ-specific cancer management recommendations from multidisciplinary and surgical expert groups.},
journal = {Radiation oncology (London, England)},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {140},
doi = {10.1186/s13014-020-01579-3},
pmid = {32493443},
issn = {1748-717X},
abstract = {To examine, if a shift in indications for radiotherapy is to be expected in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the database Pubmed was searched for multidisciplinary or surgical expert recommendations on the role of radiotherapy in modified treatment concepts. Increased use of radiotherapy or chemoradiation instead of surgical treatment was recommended for defined patient groups with head-and-neck cancer, lung cancer, cervix cancer, esophageal cancer and prostate cancer. Omission of radiotherapy was considered in elderly patients with low-risk breast cancer and in early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. Only adjustments to the timing of radiotherapy were discussed for sarcoma and rectal cancer. Emerging recommendations on multidisciplinary cancer treatment concepts during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate a shift in radiotherapy indications and a potentially increased demand for radiotherapy.},
}
@article {pmid32493441,
year = {2020},
author = {Maes, B and Bosteels, C and De Leeuw, E and Declercq, J and Van Damme, K and Delporte, A and Demeyere, B and Vermeersch, S and Vuylsteke, M and Willaert, J and Bollé, L and Vanbiervliet, Y and Decuypere, J and Libeer, F and Vandecasteele, S and Peene, I and Lambrecht, B},
title = {Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients with anti-interleukin drugs (COV-AID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.},
journal = {Trials},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {468},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-020-04453-5},
pmid = {32493441},
issn = {1745-6215},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to test the safety and effectiveness of individually or simultaneously blocking IL-6, IL-6 receptor and IL-1 versus standard of care on blood oxygenation and systemic cytokine release syndrome in patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection and acute hypoxic respiratory failure and systemic cytokine release syndrome.<br><br>TRIAL DESIGN: A phase 3 prospective, multi-center, interventional, open label, 6-arm 2x2 factorial design study.<br><br>PARTICIPANTS: Subjects will be recruited at the specialized COVID-19 wards and/or ICUs at 16 Belgian participating hospitals. Only adult (≥18y old) patients will be recruited with recent (≤16 days) COVID-19 infection and acute hypoxia (defined as PaO2/FiO2 below 350mmHg or PaO2/FiO2 below 280 on supplemental oxygen and immediately requiring high flow oxygen device or mechanical ventilation) and signs of systemic cytokine release syndrome characterized by high serum ferritin, or high D-dimers, or high LDH or deep lymphopenia or a combination of those, who have not been on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours before randomisation. Patients should have had a chest X-ray and/or CT scan showing bilateral infiltrates within the last 2 days before randomisation. Patients with active bacterial or fungal infection will be excluded.<br><br>INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Patients will be randomized to 1 of 5 experimental arms versus usual care. The experimental arms consist of Anakinra alone (anti-IL-1 binding the IL-1 receptor), Siltuximab alone (anti-IL-6 chimeric antibody), a combination of Siltuximab and Anakinra, Tocilizumab alone (humanised anti-IL-6 receptor antibody) or a combination of Anakinra with Tocilizumab in addition to standard care. Patients treated with Anakinra will receive a daily subcutaneous injection of 100mg for a maximum of 28 days or until hospital discharge, whichever comes first. Siltuximab (11mg/kg) or Tocilizumab (8mg/kg, with a maximum dose of 800mg) are administered as a single intravenous injection immediately after randomization.<br><br>MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary end point is the time to clinical improvement defined as the time from randomization to either an improvement of two points on a six-category ordinal scale measured daily till day 28 or discharge from the hospital or death. This ordinal scale is composed of (1) Death; (2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or ECMO; (3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; (4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; (5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen; (6) Not hospitalized.<br><br>RANDOMISATION: Patients will be randomized using an Interactive Web Response System (REDCap). A 2x2 factorial design was selected with a 2:1 randomization regarding the IL-1 blockade (Anakinra) and a 1:2 randomization regarding the IL-6 blockade (Siltuximab and Tocilizumab).<br><br>BLINDING (MASKING): In this open-label trial neither participants, caregivers, nor those assessing the outcomes are blinded to group assignment.<br><br>A total of 342 participants will be enrolled: 76 patients will receive usual care, 76 patients will receive Siltuximab alone, 76 patients will receive Tocilizumab alone, 38 will receive Anakinra alone, 38 patients will receive Anakinra and Siltuximab and 38 patients will receive Anakinra and Tocilizumab.<br><br>TRIAL STATUS: COV-AID protocol version 3.0 (15 Apr 2020). Participant recruitment is ongoing and started on April 4th 2020. Given the current decline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium, it is difficult to anticipate the rate of participant recruitment.<br><br>TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered on Clinical Trials.gov on April 1st, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04330638) and on EudraCT on April 3rd 2020 (Identifier: 2020-001500-41).<br><br>FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.},
}
@article {pmid32493415,
year = {2020},
author = {Van Belle, S and Affun-Adegbulu, C and Soors, W and Srinivas, PN and Hegel, G and Van Damme, W and Saluja, D and Abejirinde, I and Wouters, E and Masquillier, C and Tabana, H and Chenge, F and Polman, K and Marchal, B},
title = {COVID-19 and informal settlements: an urgent call to rethink urban governance.},
journal = {International journal for equity in health},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {81},
doi = {10.1186/s12939-020-01198-0},
pmid = {32493415},
issn = {1475-9276},
}
@article {pmid32493409,
year = {2020},
author = {Jiwani, SS and Antiporta, DA},
title = {Inequalities in access to water and soap matter for the COVID-19 response in sub-Saharan Africa.},
journal = {International journal for equity in health},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {82},
doi = {10.1186/s12939-020-01199-z},
pmid = {32493409},
issn = {1475-9276},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly since the first case notification of the WHO in December 2019. Lacking an effective treatment, countries have implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions including social distancing measures and have encouraged maintaining adequate and frequent hand hygiene to slow down the disease transmission. Although access to clean water and soap is universal in high-income settings, it remains a basic need many do not have in low- and middle-income settings.We analyzed data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 16 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, using the most recent survey since 2015. Differences in the percentage of households with an observed handwashing place with water and soap were estimated by place of residence and wealth quintiles. Equiplots showed wide within-country disparities, disproportionately affecting the poorest households and rural residents, who represent the majority of the population in most of the countries.Social inequalities in access to water and soap matter for the COVID-19 response in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions such as mass distribution of soap and ensuring access to clean water, along with other preventive strategies should be scaled up to reach the most vulnerable populations.},
}
@article {pmid32493370,
year = {2020},
author = {Shi, J and Li, Y and Zhou, X and Zhang, Q and Ye, X and Wu, Z and Jiang, X and Yu, H and Shao, L and Ai, JW and Zhang, H and Xu, B and Sun, F and Zhang, W},
title = {Lactate dehydrogenase and susceptibility to deterioration of mild COVID-19 patients: a multicenter nested case-control study.},
journal = {BMC medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {168},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-020-01633-7},
pmid = {32493370},
issn = {1741-7015},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 4 million people within 4 months. There is an urgent need to properly identify high-risk cases that are more likely to deteriorate even if they present mild diseases on admission.<br><br>METHODS: A multicenter nested case-control study was conducted in four designated hospitals in China enrolling confirmed COVID-19 patients who were mild on admission. Baseline clinical characteristics were compared between patients with stable mild illness (stable mild group) and those who deteriorated from mild to severe illness (progression group).<br><br>RESULTS: From Jan 17, 2020, to Feb 1, 2020, 85 confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled, including 16 in the progression group and 69 in the stable mild group. Compared to stable mild group (n = 69), patients in the progression group (n = 16) were more likely to be older, male, presented with dyspnea, with hypertension, and with higher levels of lactase dehydrogenase and c-reactive protein. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, advanced age (odds ratio [OR], 1.012; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.020-1.166; P = 0.011) and the higher level of lactase dehydrogenase (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.001-1.024; P = 0.038) were independently associated with exacerbation in mild COVID-19 patients.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Advanced age and high LDH level are independent risk factors for exacerbation in mild COVID-19 patients. Among the mild patients, clinicians should pay more attention to the elderly patients or those with high LDH levels.},
}
@article {pmid32493339,
year = {2020},
author = {El-Jardali, F and Bou-Karroum, L and Fadlallah, R},
title = {Amplifying the role of knowledge translation platforms in the COVID-19 pandemic response.},
journal = {Health research policy and systems},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {58},
doi = {10.1186/s12961-020-00576-y},
pmid = {32493339},
issn = {1478-4505},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic presents the worst public health crisis in recent history. The response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenged by many factors, including scientific uncertainties, scarcity of relevant research, proliferation of misinformation and fake news, poor access to actionable evidence, time constraints, and weak collaborations among relevant stakeholders. Knowledge translation (KT) platforms, composed of organisations, initiatives and networks supporting evidence-informed policy-making, can play an important role in providing relevant and timely evidence to inform pandemic responses and bridge the gap between science, policy, practice and politics. In this Commentary, we highlight the emerging roles of KT platforms in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also reflect on the lessons learned from the efforts of a KT platform in a middle-income country to inform decision-making and practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The lessons learned can be integrated into strengthening the role, structures and mandates of KT platforms as hubs for trustworthy evidence that can inform policies and practice during public health crises and in promoting their integration and institutionalisation within the policy-making processes.},
}
@article {pmid32493331,
year = {2020},
author = {Lu, L and Li, F and Wen, H and Ge, S and Zeng, J and Luo, W and Wang, L and Tang, C and Xu, N},
title = {An evidence mapping and analysis of registered COVID-19 clinical trials in China.},
journal = {BMC medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {167},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-020-01612-y},
pmid = {32493331},
issn = {1741-7015},
support = {2019QNPY02//Youth Scientific Research Training Project of GZUCM/ ; 2017TQ04R627//Young Top Talent Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation in Special Support Plan for Training High-level Talents in Guangdong/ ; 81873375//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: This article aims to summarize the key characteristics of registered trials of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), in terms of their spatial and temporal distributions, types of design and interventions, and patient characteristics among others.<br><br>METHODS: A comprehensive search of the registered COVID-19 trials has been performed on platforms including ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP), Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (CHiCTR), Australian Clinical Trials Registry, Britain's National Research Register (BNRR), Current Control Trials (CCT), and Glaxo Smith Kline Register. Trials registered at the first 8 weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak are included, without language restrictions. For each study, the registration information, study design, and administrator information are collected and summarized.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 220 registered trials were evaluated as of February 27, 2020. Hospital-initiated trials were the majority and account for 80% of the sample. Among the trials, pilot studies and phase 4 trials are more common and represent 35% and 19.1% of the sample, respectively. The median sample size of the registered trials is 100, with interquartile range 60-240. Further, 45.9% of the trials mentioned information on a data monitoring committee. 54.5% of the trials did not specify the disease severity among patients they intend to recruit. Four types of interventions are most common in the experimental groups across the registered studies: antiviral drugs, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), biological agents, and hormone drugs. Among them, the TCM and biological agents are frequently used in pilot study and correspond to a variety of primary endpoints. In contrast, trials with antiviral drugs have more targeted primary outcomes such as &quot;COVID-19 nucleic acid test&quot; and &quot;28-day mortality.&quot;<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: We provide an evidence mapping and analysis of registered COVID-19 clinical trials in China. In particular, it is critical for ongoing and future studies to refine their research hypothesis and better identify their intervention therapies and the corresponding primary outcomes. It is also imperative for multiple public health divisions and research institutions to work together for integrative clinical data capture and sharing, with a common objective of improving future studies that evaluate COVID-19 interventions.},
}
@article {pmid32493311,
year = {2020},
author = {Bagdasarian, N and Fisher, D},
title = {Heterogenous COVID-19 transmission dynamics within Singapore: a clearer picture of future national responses.},
journal = {BMC medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {164},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-020-01625-7},
pmid = {32493311},
issn = {1741-7015},
}
@article {pmid32493200,
year = {2020},
author = {Chiarella, G and Pizzonato, R and Malanga, D and Pisani, D and Abenavoli, L and Viola, P},
title = {Prevention of COVID-19 infection in the medical population: a possible help from anosmia?.},
journal = {Reviews on recent clinical trials},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2174/1574887115666200603152637},
pmid = {32493200},
issn = {1876-1038},
abstract = {COVID-19 asymptomatic cases increases the risks of disease dissemination with even greater risk for physicians given the shortage of personal protective equipment. Here we report on the consistent finding of frequent presentation of anosmia or hyposmia in COVID-19 patients, even in the absence of other symptoms and without other olfactory or nasal findings. In the uncertainty of the clinical characteristics of these patients, this symptom can be a tool to reduce the spread of the infection between medical population.},
}
@article {pmid32493181,
year = {2020},
author = {Edigin, E and Eseaton, PO and Shaka, H and Ojemolon, PE and Asemota, IR and Akuna, E},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical postgraduate training in the United States.},
journal = {Medical education online},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {1774318},
doi = {10.1080/10872981.2020.1774318},
pmid = {32493181},
issn = {1087-2981},
}
@article {pmid32493174,
year = {2020},
author = {Roberts, V and Malone, K and Moore, P and Russell-Webster, T and Caulfield, R},
title = {Peer teaching medical students during a pandemic.},
journal = {Medical education online},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {1772014},
doi = {10.1080/10872981.2020.1772014},
pmid = {32493174},
issn = {1087-2981},
abstract = {Our personal views about the challenges of continuing to deliver peer teaching during a pandemic. We are a group of 4th year medical students who are part of a student society which has delivered structured, highly formulaic peer-led teaching sessions for the past three years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the reduced access to our normal clinical teaching highlighted the importance of peer-led teaching sessions. We wanted to continue with our peer-taught sessions but knew we would have to devise a new format to make our teaching accessible to our peers wherever they were. Here, we describe the challenges of online peer teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic and our reflections of the future implications to our group.},
}
@article {pmid32493161,
year = {2020},
author = {Barie, PS and Bronstein, M and Gibson, CJ and Kelly, AG and Lee, C and Narayan, M and Shou, J and Smith, KE and Villegas, C and Winchell, RJ},
title = {A Simple Three-Tier Classification System for Triage, Communication, and Resource Utilization by Patients Afflicted with COVID-19 Disease.},
journal = {Surgical infections},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1089/sur.2020.146},
pmid = {32493161},
issn = {1557-8674},
}
@article {pmid32493147,
year = {2020},
author = {Shah, AS and Heidari, A and Civelli, VF and Sharma, R and Clark, CS and Munoz, AD and Ragland, AS and Johnson, RH},
title = {The Coincidence of 2 Epidemics, Coccidioidomycosis and SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report.},
journal = {Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports},
volume = {8},
number = {},
pages = {2324709620930540},
doi = {10.1177/2324709620930540},
pmid = {32493147},
issn = {2324-7096},
abstract = {In the middle of a pandemic, patients with cough and fever are thought to have SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). It should be remembered that in the desert southwest of the United States, we have an ongoing epidemic of coccidioidomycosis (CM). There are additionally many other respiratory illnesses that could be confused with CoV-2 or overlooked. This is a case report of CoV-2 engrafted on chronic cavitary pulmonary CM. In a time where the coronavirus pandemic is becoming rampant, we demonstrate the case of a coinfection with cavitary pulmonary CM. In this case, the importance of detection of the coronavirus and treatment of the coinfection is explored.},
}
@article {pmid32493110,
year = {2020},
author = {Cioffi, A},
title = {COVID-19 and the release of mafia bosses: The importance of medico-legal evaluations.},
journal = {Medicine, science, and the law},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {25802420930121},
doi = {10.1177/0025802420930121},
pmid = {32493110},
issn = {2042-1818},
}
@article {pmid32493073,
year = {2020},
author = {Davoodi, L and Jafarpour, H and Taghavi, M and Razavi, A},
title = {COVID-19 Presented With Deep Vein Thrombosis: An Unusual Presenting.},
journal = {Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports},
volume = {8},
number = {},
pages = {2324709620931239},
doi = {10.1177/2324709620931239},
pmid = {32493073},
issn = {2324-7096},
abstract = {On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization was informed of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pneumonia was caused by a virus called SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which was later named coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by COVID-19 include fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. In this report, we present a case of a 57-year-old woman who presented to the clinic's infectious department with swelling, pain, warmth, and redness in the left leg who was treated with therapeutic heparin. There were no typical and distinguished symptoms of COVID-19, and she had no risk factor for deep vein thrombosis. Then chest X-ray revealed bilateral patchy ground-glass opacity, and computed tomography angiography was performed to rule out pulmonary thromboembolism, which showed no evidence of thrombosis. Left lower limb venous color Doppler ultrasound revealed dilatation and thrombosis in the external iliac and left iliac veins up to the level of the bifurcation of the common iliac veins, as well as thrombosis to the superficial and small saphenous veins. Because of ground-glass opacity and lymphopenia, nasal swabs were used for sampling, and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This case aims to arouse the medical staff's awareness of deep vein thrombosis as a clinical symptom of COVID-19 even if the patient has no typical symptoms of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32493070,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhou, F and Liu, YM and Xie, J and Li, H and Lei, F and Yang, H and Qin, JJ and Cai, J and Zhang, XJ and Wu, B and Xia, M and Xiang, D and Yang, C and Ma, XL and Xu, Q and Lu, Z and Lu, H and Xia, X and Wang, D and Liao, X and Peng, G and Yang, J and Huang, X and Zhang, BH and Yuan, Y and Wei, X and Liu, PP and Wang, Y and Zhang, P and She, ZG and Xia, J and Li, H},
title = {Comparative impacts of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors versus angiotensin II receptor blockers on the risk of COVID-19 mortality.},
journal = {Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15622},
pmid = {32493070},
issn = {1524-4563},
abstract = {N/A.},
}
@article {pmid32493038,
year = {2020},
author = {Pethani, AS and Allana, RR and Hussain, M},
title = {Emerging Challenges and Threats for Dental Health Care Sector Attributable to COVID-19: Tale of a Developing Country.},
journal = {Asia-Pacific journal of public health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1010539520932708},
doi = {10.1177/1010539520932708},
pmid = {32493038},
issn = {1941-2479},
abstract = {Prevention and control of infection in dentistry is an essential matter that has gained immense attention in recent years. There exist a lack of scientific data about the cross-transmission and its associated risk, especially in the dental health care setting of Pakistan. This article will evaluate the emerging challenges and threats for the dental community in Pakistan attributable to the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, there exists a significant knowledge gap regarding the state- and institutional-level infection prevention and control (IPC) policies and practices and not much is known about the development, implementation, and monitoring of IPC policies and its challenges.},
}
@article {pmid32493030,
year = {2020},
author = {Mason, RJ},
title = {Thoughts on the alveolar phase of COVID-19.},
journal = {American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1152/ajplung.00126.2020},
pmid = {32493030},
issn = {1522-1504},
support = {//N/A/ ; },
abstract = {COVID-19 can be divided into three clinical stages, and one can speculate that these stages correlate with where the infection resides. For the asymptomatic phase, the infection mostly resides in the nose where it elicits a minimal innate immune response. For the mildly symptomatic phase, the infection is mostly in the psuedostatified stratified epithelium of the larger airways and is accompanied by a more vigorous innate immune response. In the conducting airways, the epithelium can recover from the infection, because the keratin V basal cells are spared and they are the progenitor cells for the bronchial epithelium. There may be more severe disease in the respiratory bronchioles where the club cells are likely infected. The devastating third phase is in the gas exchange units of the lung, where ACE2 expressing alveolar type II cells and perhaps type I cells are infected. The loss of type II cells results in respiratory insufficiency due to the loss of pulmonary surfactant, alveolar flooding, and loss of normal repair, since type II cells are the progenitors of type I cells. The loss of type I and type II cells will also block normal active resorption of alveolar fluid. Subsequent endothelial damage leads to transudation of plasma proteins, formation of hyaline membranes, and an inflammatory exudate, characteristic of ARDS. Repair might be normal, but if the type II cells are severely damaged, alternative pathways for epithelial repair may be activated, which would result in some residual lung disease.},
}
@article {pmid32493028,
year = {2020},
author = {Kumar, A and Pareek, V and Kant, K},
title = {Letter to the Editor: Repurposing of an Antisepsis Drug in COVID-19 Patients.},
journal = {Assay and drug development technologies},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1089/adt.2020.994},
pmid = {32493028},
issn = {1557-8127},
}
@article {pmid32493004,
year = {2020},
author = {Viswanathan, VK and Subramanian, S and Rao, AK},
title = {Principles for Managing Patients with Spinal Ailments in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era: What Do We Know So Far? An Evidence-Based, Narrative Review.},
journal = {Asian spine journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.31616/asj.2020.0248},
pmid = {32493004},
issn = {1976-1902},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected all specialty practices in medicine, including the field of spinal surgery. Spinal surgery is unique in that the procedures include not only fully elective and fully emergent interventions, but also involve a separate group of semi-emergent surgeries, where delayed intervention may lead to permanent neurological deficits. Here, we present an evidence-based review on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on spinal surgery and our current knowledge about this issue. We conducted a thorough search of the PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords, &quot;COVID-19,&quot; &quot;COVID-19 impact on spine surgery,&quot; &quot;coronavirus impact on spine surgery,&quot; &quot;COVID-19 impact on neurosurgery,&quot; &quot;coronavirus impact on neurosurgery,&quot; &quot;COVID-19 impact on spine surgeons,&quot; and &quot;coronavirus impact on spine surgeons&quot; on May 6, 2020. A total of 8,322 articles were identified in the initial search. Articles that were duplicated, those that did not pertain to COVID-19 or spine surgeries, those with details not pertaining to the current topic of interest, and those published in languages other than English were excluded from our analyses. After complete screening, six articles were included in this review. During the previous few weeks, the COVID pandemic has significantly influenced all major aspects of spine surgery across the world. Outpatient care has been gradually shifted from physical visits to tele-health and online consultations. General recommendations have favored the conservative approach over surgeries, although no patient should be deprived of standard care owing to concerns about COVID. The general principles followed by spine surgeons should include early detection of COVID symptomatology; triaging of patients based on underlying spinal pathology; prescription of appropriate investigations to confirm the COVID status; isolation, as needed; selection of optimal management method as per the guidelines; adherence to best intraoperative practices; and ensuring protective measures for non-infected patients, family members, fellow heath care providers, and themselves against the disease.},
}
@article {pmid32492996,
year = {2020},
author = {Accardi, F and Cammarata, I and Canaletti, F and Bachini, I and Demagistris, A},
title = {Management of nutritional consultations in local clinics during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.},
journal = {Minerva gastroenterologica e dietologica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02716-6},
pmid = {32492996},
issn = {1827-1642},
}
@article {pmid32492995,
year = {2020},
author = {Casella, G and Ingravalle, F and Ingravalle, A and Monti, C and Bonetti, F and Limonta, A},
title = {COVID emergency: an opportunity to increase the interaction between hepatologist and primary care physician.},
journal = {Minerva gastroenterologica e dietologica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02713-0},
pmid = {32492995},
issn = {1827-1642},
abstract = {The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide had evidenced the opportunity to increase the interaction between Specialist and Primary Care Physician (PCP). COVID 19, started in December 2019 in China, has been considered a public health emergency by the Department of Health and Human Services and, at the moment, it is a pandemic disease with worldwide diffusion. The Covid 19 crisis permits to increase the role of Telemedicine as a tool for the delivery of health care services at distance and to slow down the virus diffusion. This technology is cheap and easy to use but it is limited by governmental licensing restrictions, reimbursement barriers, lesser extent of infrastructure and difficulties related to the change. During COVID 19 Epidemy, Telemedicine is safe, low cost and permits to treat urgent and routine specialist cases without human proximity and contact which would spread infection, particularly to the elderly and immunocompromised patients. In COVID 19 era, the goal of PCP is to reduce travels and visits in specialized center for liver disease patients. A strict collaboration between specialized hepatologist and PCP is needed.},
}
@article {pmid32492991,
year = {2020},
author = {Candel, FJ and Viñuela-Prieto, JM and González Del Castillo, J and Barreiro García, P and Fragiel Saavedra, M and Hernández Píriz, A and Jiménez Virumbrales, D and Canora Lebrato, J and García de Casasola, G and Gil Prieto, R and San-Román Montero, J and Ortega Anselmi, J and Barba Martín, R and Prados Roa, F and Marco Martínez, J and Zapatero Gaviria, A},
title = {Utility of lateral flow tests in SARS-CoV-2 infection monitorization.},
journal = {Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.37201/req/052.2020},
pmid = {32492991},
issn = {1988-9518},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for medical and public health reasons, to allow the best treatment of cases and the best control of the pandemic. Serology testing allows for the detection of asymptomatic infections and 19-COVID cases once the virus has been cleared. We analyzed the usefulness of the SARS-CoV-2 rapid test of Autobio and tried to correlate its pattern with the severity of COVID19 infection.<br><br>METHODS: We analyzed the accuracy and clinical usefulness of a point-of-care IgM and/or IgG test for SARS-CoV-2 in 35 COVID-19 patients [12 (34.3%) mild-moderate and 23 (65.7%) severe-critical] admitted to a field hospital in Madrid, as well as in 5 controls.<br><br>RESULTS: The mean time from the first day of symptoms to the antibody test was 28 days (SD: 8.7), similar according to the severity of the disease. All patients with SARS-CoV-2 PCR+ showed the corresponding IgG positivity, while these results were negative in all control individuals. A total of 26 (74%) cases also presented with positive IgM, 19 (83%) were severe-critical cases and 7 (58%) were mild-moderate cases. The IgM response lasted longer in the severe critical cases (mean: 29.7 days; SD: 8.4) compared to the moderate cases (mean: 21.2 days; SD: 2.0)..<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Rapid serology tests are useful for the diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 (mainly IgG detection) and may also be correlated with the severity of the infection (based on IgM detection).},
}
@article {pmid32492874,
year = {2020},
author = {Cheng, FY and Joshi, H and Tandon, P and Freeman, R and Reich, DL and Mazumdar, M and Kohli-Seth, R and Levin, M and Timsina, P and Kia, A},
title = {Using Machine Learning to Predict ICU Transfer in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/jcm9061668},
pmid = {32492874},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Approximately 20-30% of patients with COVID-19 require hospitalization, and 5-12% may require critical care in an intensive care unit (ICU). A rapid surge in cases of severe COVID-19 will lead to a corresponding surge in demand for ICU care. Because of constraints on resources, frontline healthcare workers may be unable to provide the frequent monitoring and assessment required for all patients at high risk of clinical deterioration. We developed a machine learning-based risk prioritization tool that predicts ICU transfer within 24 h, seeking to facilitate efficient use of care providers' efforts and help hospitals plan their flow of operations.<br><br>METHODS: A retrospective cohort was comprised of non-ICU COVID-19 admissions at a large acute care health system between 26 February and 18 April 2020. Time series data, including vital signs, nursing assessments, laboratory data, and electrocardiograms, were used as input variables for training a random forest (RF) model. The cohort was randomly split (70:30) into training and test sets. The RF model was trained using 10-fold cross-validation on the training set, and its predictive performance on the test set was then evaluated.<br><br>RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 1987 unique patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to non-ICU units of the hospital. The median time to ICU transfer was 2.45 days from the time of admission. Compared to actual admissions, the tool had 72.8% (95% CI: 63.2-81.1%) sensitivity, 76.3% (95% CI: 74.7-77.9%) specificity, 76.2% (95% CI: 74.6-77.7%) accuracy, and 79.9% (95% CI: 75.2-84.6%) area under the receiver operating characteristics curve.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: A ML-based prediction model can be used as a screening tool to identify patients at risk of imminent ICU transfer within 24 h. This tool could improve the management of hospital resources and patient-throughput planning, thus delivering more effective care to patients hospitalized with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492809,
year = {2020},
author = {Kow, CS and Hadi, MA and Hasan, SS},
title = {Vitamin D Supplementation in Influenza and COVID-19 Infections Comment on: &quot;Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths&quot; Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 988.},
journal = {Nutrients},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/nu12061626},
pmid = {32492809},
issn = {2072-6643},
abstract = {There is an ongoing debate on the use of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. A recently published article highlights a relationship between vitamin D supplementation and reduced risk of COVID-19 and influenza. This comment aims to discuss the evidence on the use of Vitamin D in people who are at risk of developing COVID-19, focusing on safety issues of the Vitamin D supplementation.},
}
@article {pmid32492787,
year = {2020},
author = {Grant, WB and Baggerly, CA and Lahore, H},
title = {Reply: &quot;Vitamin D Supplementation in Influenza and COVID-19 Infections. Comment on: Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 988&quot;.},
journal = {Nutrients},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/nu12061620},
pmid = {32492787},
issn = {2072-6643},
abstract = {We thank Dr [...].},
}
@article {pmid32492778,
year = {2020},
author = {Schwendinger, F and Pocecco, E},
title = {Counteracting Physical Inactivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Home-Based Exercise.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113909},
pmid = {32492778},
issn = {1660-4601},
abstract = {To reduce transmission of the coronavirus, from its initial outbreak in 2019 up to now, various safety measures have been enacted worldwide by the authorities that have likely led to reduced physical activity levels in the general population. This short communication aims to briefly outline the deteriorative consequences of physical inactivity on parameters of physical fitness and ultimately to highlight associated increases of cardiovascular disease risk and mortality. Finally, evidence-based practical recommendations for exercise that can be performed at home are introduced, to help avoid physical inactivity and therefore maintain or achieve good physical health.},
}
@article {pmid32466826,
year = {2020},
author = {Morris, M and Pierce, A and Carlisle, B and Vining, B and Dobyns, J},
title = {Pre-operative COVID-19 testing and decolonization.},
journal = {American journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.05.027},
pmid = {32466826},
issn = {1879-1883},
}
@article {pmid32466822,
year = {2020},
author = {Shao, S and Zhou, Z and Li, Y and Liu, S and Lu, L and Hou, S and Fan, B and Cao, C and Fan, H},
title = {Experiences and practices in the current prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in China.},
journal = {Disaster medicine and public health preparedness},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-19},
doi = {10.1017/dmp.2020.173},
pmid = {32466822},
issn = {1938-744X},
abstract = {Since December 2019, a number of new infectious diseases, mainly lung diseases caused by novel coronavirus infections, have been discovered in Wuhan, Hubei province. With the spread of the epidemic, cases in other regions of China and abroad have been confirmed. This sudden outbreak of a new type of infectious disease has seriously threatened people's health and safety, and China has adopted strong prevention and control measures in response. To provide a reference for international health emergency management workers, this article summarizes, from an academic perspective, the main prevention and control measures taken in China.},
}
@article {pmid32466818,
year = {2020},
author = {Heidari, M and Sayfouri, N},
title = {Did Persian Nowruz Aggravate Covid-19 Crisis in Iran?.},
journal = {Disaster medicine and public health preparedness},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-6},
doi = {10.1017/dmp.2020.178},
pmid = {32466818},
issn = {1938-744X},
}
@article {pmid32492764,
year = {2020},
author = {Bersano, A and Kraemer, M and Touzé, E and Weber, R and Alamowitch, S and Sibon, I and Pantoni, L},
title = {Stroke care during the Covid-19 pandemic: Experience from three large European countries.},
journal = {European journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ene.14375},
pmid = {32492764},
issn = {1468-1331},
abstract = {To cope with the exponentially increasing number of patients infected by SARS-Cov-2, European countries carried out enormous efforts to reorganize medical assistance, and several diseases, including stroke, were particularly impacted. Herein, we report the experience of stroke neurologists from three European countries, Italy, France and Germany, that faced the pandemic at diverse time points and with different approaches, depending on their resources and health care system organization. Pre-hospital and in-hospital acute stroke pathways were reorganized to prioritize COVID-19 management, and, in severely affected regions of Italy and France, stroke care was centralized to a limited number of centers while remaining stroke units were dedicated to COVID-19 patients. The access to acute stroke diagnostics and time dependent therapies was limited or delayed because of reduced capacities of emergency services due to the burden of COVID-19 patients. A marked reduction in the number of patients presenting with TIA and stroke was noted in the emergency departments of all three countries. Although we have only preliminary data, overall these conditions may have affected stroke outcome. These indirect effects of COVID-19 pandemic could vanish the last years' efforts of stroke neurologists to improve outcome and reduce mortality of stroke patients. Although SARS-Cov-2 infection rate is slowing down in Europe, the effects of the ending lockdown in the next months are unpredictable. It is important for the European and world stroke community to share the experience learned so far to prepare for the next future and upcoming challenging times in the care of stroke patients.},
}
@article {pmid32492760,
year = {2020},
author = {McDonald, S and Courtney, DM and Clark, AE and Muthukumar, A and Lee, F and Balani, J and Mahimainathan, L and Bararia, A and Oliver, D and Sarode, R and Diercks, D},
title = {Diagnostic Performance of a Rapid Point of Care Test for SARS-CoV-2 in an Urban ED Setting.},
journal = {Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/acem.14039},
pmid = {32492760},
issn = {1553-2712},
abstract = {The ability to rapidly and accurately identify a patient's COVID-19 status has had significant impact on emergency departments (ED) and health systems globally. Since the identification of SARS-CoV-2 illness in the United States, there has been rapid development in patient testing capacity following initial challenges including sparse availability. This was made possible by increasing availability of diagnostic molecular tests in several formats, from laboratory based traditional, RT-PCR methods to near patient testing rapid point of care PCR tests.},
}
@article {pmid32492759,
year = {2020},
author = {Barrocas, A and Schwartz, DB and Hasse, JM and Seres, DS and Mueller, CM},
title = {Ethical Framework for Nutrition Support Resource Allocation During Shortages: Lessons From COVID-19.},
journal = {Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ncp.10500},
pmid = {32492759},
issn = {1941-2452},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted all aspects of our population. The &quot;Troubling Trichotomy&quot; of what can be done technologically, what should be done ethically, and what must be done legally is a reality during these unusual circumstances. Recent ethical considerations regarding allocation of scarce resources, such as mechanical ventilators, have been proposed. These can apply to other disciplines such as nutrition support, although decisions regarding nutrition support have a diminished potential for devastating outcomes. The principal values and goals leading to an ethical framework for a uniform, fair, and objective approach are reviewed in this article, with a focus on nutrition support. Some historical aspects of shortages in nutrition supplies and products during normal circumstances, as well as others during national crises, are outlined. The development and implementation of protocols using a scoring system seems best addressed by multidisciplinary ethics and triage committees with synergistic but disparate functions. Triage committees should alleviate the burdens of unilateral decisions by the healthcare team caring for patients. The treating team should make every attempt to have patients and the public at large update or execute/develop advance directives. Legal considerations, as the third component of the Troubling Trichotomy, are of some concern when rationing care. The likelihood that criminal or civil charges could be brought against individual healthcare professionals or institutions can be minimized, if fair protocols are uniformly applied and deliberations well documented.},
}
@article {pmid32492753,
year = {2020},
author = {Müller, H and Kniepeiss, D and Stauber, R and Schrem, H and Rauter, M and Krause, R and Schemmer, P},
title = {Recovery from COVID-19 following Hepatitis C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Liver Transplantation.},
journal = {American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ajt.16107},
pmid = {32492753},
issn = {1600-6143},
abstract = {Immunosuppression and frequent comorbidities in transplant recipients potentially increase the risk of fatal outcomes of pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [1]. A 1965 born male had suffered from haemophilia A. In the nineteen-seventies, he acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, probably via factor VIII supplementation, and in 1985 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Interferon-based HCV therapy resulted in a sustained virological response. Antiviral treatment with emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirin for HIV is ongoing since 2016. HIV suppression with repeatedly negative PCR results has been achieved.},
}
@article {pmid32492745,
year = {2020},
author = {Salbach, C and Giannitsis, E},
title = {[Cardiac biomarkers and COVID-19 - Phenotypes and Interpretation].},
journal = {Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)},
volume = {145},
number = {11},
pages = {755-760},
doi = {10.1055/a-1158-5756},
pmid = {32492745},
issn = {1439-4413},
abstract = {Current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 inducing viral COVID-19 pneumonia, is categorized in 3 stages. Some biomarkers could be assigned to one of these stages, showing a correlation to mortality in COVID-19 patients. Laboratory findings in COVID-19, especially when serially evaluated, may represent individual disease severity and prognosis. These may help planning and controlling therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers for myocardial injury (high sensitive cardiac troponin, hsTn) or hemodynamic stress (NTproBNP) may occur in COVID-19 pneumonia such as in other pneumonias, correlating with severity and prognosis of the underlying disease. In hospitalized COVID-19 patients' mild increases of hsTn or NTproBNP may be explained by cardiovascular comorbidities and direct or indirect cardiac damage or stress caused by or during COVID-19 pneumonia. In case of suspected NSTE-ACS and COVID-19, indications for echocardiography or reperfusion strategy should be carefully considered against the risk of contamination.},
}
@article {pmid32492743,
year = {2020},
author = {Kern, WV and Biever, PM and Rieg, S and Panning, M},
title = {[SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19): what can we expect?].},
journal = {Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)},
volume = {145},
number = {11},
pages = {740-746},
doi = {10.1055/a-1114-3699},
pmid = {32492743},
issn = {1439-4413},
abstract = {- Case numbers in China are clearly declining, case numbers in many European regions are no longer increasing exponentially.- Data on mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection are contradictory; mortality is certainly lower than for SARS and MERS, but probably higher than for most seasonal flu outbreaks in recent years- The main complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection is pneumonia with development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)- Asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic courses with virus shedding are not uncommon; they may be more frequent in children than in adults. Virus excretion in asymptomatic people and in the pre-symptomatic phase of an infection is relevant for transmission- An effective antiviral therapy has not yet been established. Steroids for anti-inflammatory therapy are not recommended- It is very important to prepare all actors in the health care system for a longer-term burden of inpatients and complications and to create the necessary capacities. Low-threshold diagnostic testing and rapid detection of infection chains remain essential for better control of the pandemic. An effective vaccine is urgent.},
}
@article {pmid32492726,
year = {2020},
author = {Klimek, L and Spielhaupter, M and Alali, A and Freudelsperger, L and Cichy, M and Huppertz, T and Hagemann, J},
title = {[Case report of contact allergy to filtering facepiece class 2 mask of a medical worker during Covid-19 pandemic].},
journal = {Laryngo- rhino- otologie},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/a-1189-6301},
pmid = {32492726},
issn = {1438-8685},
}
@article {pmid32492721,
year = {2020},
author = {Hamid, H and Khurshid, Z and Adanir, N and Zafar, MS and Zohaib, S},
title = {COVID-19 Pandemic and Role of Human Saliva as a Testing Biofluid in Point-of-Care Technology.},
journal = {European journal of dentistry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/s-0040-1713020},
pmid = {32492721},
issn = {1305-7456},
abstract = {Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has termed as a controllable pandemic, and the entire world has come to a standstill trying to mitigate the disease with health systems. Health care providers, around the globe, are fighting day and night. Currently, rapid testing is taking place with the help of nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal swab, bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, urine, and blood. All these approaches are invasive or embarrassing to the infected person. It is observed that salivary glands are hosting severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the detection of high viral loads in the saliva and is playing a crucial role in virus transmission, especially from individuals showing absolutely no symptoms. Saliva is proving to be a promising noninvasive sample specimen for the diagnosis of COVID-19, thus helping to monitor the infection and prevent it from further spreading by prompt isolation.},
}
@article {pmid32492712,
year = {2020},
author = {Al-Samkari, H and Karp Leaf, RS and Dzik, WH and Carlson, JC and Fogerty, AE and Waheed, A and Goodarzi, K and Bendapudi, P and Bornikova, L and Gupta, S and Leaf, D and Kuter, DJ and Rosovsky, RP},
title = {COVID and Coagulation: Bleeding and Thrombotic Manifestations of SARS-CoV2 Infection.},
journal = {Blood},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1182/blood.2020006520},
pmid = {32492712},
issn = {1528-0020},
abstract = {Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have elevated D-dimer levels. Early reports describe high venous thromboembolism (VTE) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rates, but data are limited. This multicenter, retrospective study described the rate and severity of hemostatic and thrombotic complications of 400 hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients (144 critically ill) primarily receiving standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation. Coagulation and inflammatory parameters were compared between patients with and without coagulation-associated complications. Multivariable logistic models examined the utility of these markers in predicting coagulation-associated complications, critical illness, and death. The radiographically-confirmed VTE rate was 4.8% (95% CI, 2.9-7.3%) and the overall thrombotic complication rate was 9.5% (6.8-12.8%). The overall and major bleeding rates were 4.8% (2.9-7.3%) and 2.3% (1.0-4.2%). In the critically ill, radiographically-confirmed VTE and major bleeding rates were 7.6% (3.9-13.3%) and 5.6% (2.4-10.7%). Elevated D-dimer at initial presentation was predictive of coagulation-associated complications during hospitalization [D-dimer >2,500 ng/mL, adjusted OR for thrombosis, 6.79 (2.39-19.30), adjusted OR for bleeding, 3.56 (1.01-12.66)], critical illness, and death. Additional markers at initial presentation predictive of thrombosis during hospitalization included platelet count >450×109/L [adjusted OR, 3.56 (1.27-9.97)], C-reactive protein (CRP) >100 mg/L [adjusted OR, 2.71 (1.26-5.86)], and erythrocyte sedimentation rate >40 mm/h [adjusted OR, 2.64 (1.07-6.51)]. ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, ferritin, and procalcitonin were higher in patients with thrombotic complications than those without. DIC, clinically-relevant thrombocytopenia, and reduced fibrinogen were rare and were associated with significant bleeding manifestations. Given the observed bleeding rates, randomized trials are needed to determine any potential benefit of intensified anticoagulant prophylaxis in COVID-19 patients.},
}
@article {pmid32492695,
year = {2020},
author = {Thierry, AR},
title = {Does the newly observed inflammatory syndrome in children demonstrate a link between uncontrolled neutrophil extracellular traps formation and COVID-19?.},
journal = {Pediatric research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41390-020-0996-1},
pmid = {32492695},
issn = {1530-0447},
}
@article {pmid32492613,
year = {2020},
author = {Kanniah, KD and Kamarul Zaman, NAF and Kaskaoutis, DG and Latif, MT},
title = {COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {736},
number = {},
pages = {139658},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139658},
pmid = {32492613},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {Since its first appearance in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, the new coronavirus (COVID-19) has evolved a global pandemic within three months, with more than 4.3 million confirmed cases worldwide until mid-May 2020. As many countries around the world, Malaysia and other southeast Asian (SEA) countries have also enforced lockdown at different degrees to contain the spread of the disease, which has brought some positive effects on natural environment. Therefore, evaluating the reduction in anthropogenic emissions due to COVID-19 and the related governmental measures to restrict its expansion is crucial to assess its impacts on air pollution and economic growth. In this study, we used aerosol optical depth (AOD) observations from Himawari-8 satellite, along with tropospheric NO2 column density from Aura-OMI over SEA, and ground-based pollution measurements at several stations across Malaysia, in order to quantify the changes in aerosol and air pollutants associated with the general shutdown of anthropogenic and industrial activities due to COVID-19. The lockdown has led to a notable decrease in AOD over SEA and in the pollution outflow over the oceanic regions, while a significant decrease (27% - 30%) in tropospheric NO2 was observed over areas not affected by seasonal biomass burning. Especially in Malaysia, PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and CO concentrations have been decreased by 26-31%, 23-32%, 63-64%, 9-20%, and 25-31%, respectively, in the urban areas during the lockdown phase, compared to the same periods in 2018 and 2019. Notable reductions are also seen at industrial, suburban and rural sites across the country. Quantifying the reductions in major and health harmful air pollutants is crucial for health-related research and for air-quality and climate-change studies.},
}
@article {pmid32492610,
year = {2020},
author = {Biktasheva, IV},
title = {Role of a habitat's air humidity in Covid-19 mortality.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {736},
number = {},
pages = {138763},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138763},
pmid = {32492610},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {Transient local over-dry environment might be a contributor and an explanation for the observed asynchronous local rises in Covid-19 mortality. We propose that a habitat's air humidity negatively correlate with Covid-19 morbidity and mortality, and support this hypothesis on the example of publicly available data from German federal states.},
}
@article {pmid32492608,
year = {2020},
author = {Rugani, B and Caro, D},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 outbreak measures of lockdown on the Italian Carbon Footprint.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {737},
number = {},
pages = {139806},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139806},
pmid = {32492608},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {Stringent lockdown measures implemented in Italy to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 are generating unprecedented economic impacts. However, the environmental consequences associated with the temporary shutdown and recovery of industrial and commercial activities are still not fully understood. Using the well-known carbon footprint (CF) indicator, this paper provides a comprehensive estimation of environmental effects due to the COVID-19 outbreak lockdown measures in Italy. Our aim was to quantify the CF associated with the consumption of energy by any economic activity and region in Italy during the lockdown, and then compare these environmental burdens with the CF calculated for analogous periods from 2015 to 2019 (~March and April). Complementarily, we also conducted a scenario analysis to estimate the post-lockdown CF impact in Italy. A consumption-based approach was applied according to the principles of the established Life Cycle Assessment method. The CF was therefore quantified as a sum of direct and indirect greenhouse gases (GHGs) released from domestically produced and imported energy metabolism flows, excluding the exports. Our findings indicate that the CF in the lockdown period is ~-20% lower than the mean CF calculated for the past. This means avoided GHGs in between ~5.6 and ~10.6 Mt CO2e. Results further suggest that a tendency occurs towards higher impact savings in the Northern regions, on average ~230 kt CO2e of GHGs avoided by province (against ~110-130 kt CO2e in central and Southern provinces). Not surprisingly, these are the utmost industrialized areas of Italy and have been the ones mostly affected by the outbreak. Despite our CF estimates are not free of uncertainties, our research offers quantitative insights to start understanding the magnitude generated by such an exceptional lockdown event in Italy on climate change, and to complement current scientific efforts investigating the relationships between air pollution and the spread of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492607,
year = {2020},
author = {Menebo, MM},
title = {Temperature and precipitation associate with Covid-19 new daily cases: A correlation study between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Oslo, Norway.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {737},
number = {},
pages = {139659},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139659},
pmid = {32492607},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {This study aims to analyze the correlation between weather and covid-19 pandemic in the capital city of Norway, Oslo. This study employed a secondary data analysis of covid-19 surveillance data from the Norwegian public health institute and weather data from the Norwegian Meteorological institute. The components of weather include minimum temperature (°C), maximum temperature (°C), temperature average (°C), normal temperature (°C), precipitation level (mm) and wind speed (m/s). Since normality was not fulfilled, a non-parametric correlation test was used for data analysis. Maximum temperature (r = 0.347; p = .005), normal temperature(r = 0.293; p = .019), and precipitation level (r = -0.285; p = .022) were significantly correlated with covid-19 pandemic. The finding might serve as an input to a strategy making in the prevention of covid-19 as the country prepare to enter into a new weather season.},
}
@article {pmid32492562,
year = {2020},
author = {Almerie, MQ and Kerrigan, DD},
title = {The association between obesity and poor outcome after COVID-19 indicates a potential therapeutic role for montelukast.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109883},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109883},
pmid = {32492562},
issn = {1532-2777},
abstract = {It is widely believed that infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus triggers a disproportionate immune response which causes a devastating systemic injury, particularly in individuals with obesity, itself a chronic, multi-organ inflammatory disease. Immune cells accumulate in visceral adipose tissue and together with paracrine adipocytes release a wide range of biologically active cytokines (including IL-1β, IL5, IL6 and IL8) that can result in both local, pulmonary and systemic inflammation. A more intense 'cytokine storm' is postulated as the mechanism behind the extreme immune response seen in severe COVID-19. It is striking how dangerous the combination of obesity and COVID-19 is, resulting in a greater risk of ICU admission and a higher mortality. Furthermore, patients from a BAME background appear to have increased mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection; they also have a higher prevalence of central obesity and its metabolic complications. In the absence of an effective vaccine, the therapeutic potential of immune-modulating drugs is a priority, but the development of new drugs is expensive and time-consuming. A more pragmatic solution would be to seek to repurpose existing drugs, particularly those that might suppress the heightened cytokine activity seen in obesity, the major risk factor for a poor prognosis in COVID-19. Montelukast is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist licensed to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis. It has been shown to diminish pulmonary response to antigen, tissue eosinophilia and IL-5 expression in inflammatory cells. It has also been shown to decrease elevated levels of IL-1β and IL8 in humans with viral upper respiratory tract infections compared with placebo-treated patients. In addition, in silico studies have demonstrated a high binding affinity of the montelukast molecule to the terminal site of the virus's main protease enzyme which is needed for virus RNA synthesis and replication. Montelukast, which is cheap, safe and widely available would appear to have the potential to be an ideal candidate drug for clinical trials, particularly in early stage disease before irreparable tissue damage has already occurred. HYPOTHESIS: Through a direct anti-viral effect, or by suppression of heightened cytokine release in response to SARS-CoV-2, montelukast will reduce the severity of immune-mediated multiorgan damage resulting from COVID-19, particularly in patients with central obesity and metabolic syndrome.},
}
@article {pmid32492561,
year = {2020},
author = {Monteiro-Junior, RS},
title = {COVID-19: Thinking about further mental and neurological disorders.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109894},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109894},
pmid = {32492561},
issn = {1532-2777},
}
@article {pmid32492560,
year = {2020},
author = {Abeygunasekera, A and Jayasinghe, S},
title = {Is the anti-filarial drug diethylcarbamazine useful to treat COVID-19?.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109843},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109843},
pmid = {32492560},
issn = {1532-2777},
abstract = {SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in a devastating pandemic of COVID-19. Exploring compounds that could offer a breakthrough in treatment is the need of the hour. Re-positioning cheap, freely available and safe drugs is a priority. The paper proposes evidence for the potential use of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) in the treatment of COVID-19. DEC has inhibitory effects on arachidonic acid metabolism to prostaglandins, little known anti-viral effects on animal retroviruses and demonstrated anti-inflammatory actions in animal models of lung inflammation indicating the need to explore this hypothesis further. We believe this is the first time DEC is being proposed to treat COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492559,
year = {2020},
author = {Marasca, C and Ruggiero, A and Napolitano, M and Fabbrocini, G and Megna, M},
title = {May COVID-19 outbreaks lead to a worsening of skin chronic inflammatory conditions?.},
journal = {Medical hypotheses},
volume = {143},
number = {},
pages = {109853},
doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109853},
pmid = {32492559},
issn = {1532-2777},
abstract = {The emergence of the novel betaCoronavirus has raised serious concerns due to the virus rapid dissemination worldwide. Many areas throughout the world are now experiencing the COVID 19 outbreaks with government and policy authorities taking many aggressive isolation or restriction measures, drastically reducing also patient's visits and limiting only to the most urgent ones such as oncological visits or emergencies. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between increased weight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension and inflammatory skin diseases. Furthermore, weight loss interventions have been shown to improve psoriasis, as well as hidradenitis suppurativa, and increase responsiveness to treatment of this conditions. We suppose that due to aggressive isolation or restriction measures, in the next future dermatologist will face with a common worsening of chronic skin inflammatory conditions due to reduced physical activities, increased intake of calories with the derived increase body weight and always more frequent treatment discontinuation. It is time to start potential preventive strategies which could limit the expected negative impact of COVID-19 related quarantine on skin diseases.},
}
@article {pmid32492557,
year = {2020},
author = {Voutsinas, N and Toussie, D and Jacobi, A and Bernheim, A and Chung, M},
title = {Incidental CT findings in the lungs in COVID-19 patients presenting with abdominal pain.},
journal = {Clinical imaging},
volume = {67},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.05.021},
pmid = {32492557},
issn = {1873-4499},
abstract = {As the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to spread, some patients are presenting with abdominal symptoms without respiratory complaints. Our case series documents four patients who presented with abdominal symptoms whose abdominopelvic CT revealed incidental pulmonary parenchymal findings in the imaged lung bases and were subsequently confirmed positive for COVID-19 via laboratory testing. It remains to be seen whether these patients will eventually develop respiratory symptoms. While it is possible that the patients' abdominal complaints are coincidental with CT findings, it is interesting that patients can have such extensive incidental disease in the lungs on CT without respiratory symptoms.},
}
@article {pmid32492533,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, P and Chen, L and Liu, Z and Pan, J and Zhou, D and Wang, H and Gong, H and Fu, Z and Song, Q and Min, Q and Ruan, S and Xu, T and Cheng, F and Li, X},
title = {Clinical Features and Short-term Outcomes of Elderly Patients With COVID-19.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.107},
pmid = {32492533},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health emergency.<br><br>METHODS: 204 elderly patients (≥60 years old) diagnosed with COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 31st to February 20th, 2020 were included in this study. Clinical endpoint was in-hospital death.<br><br>RESULTS: Of the 204 patients, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were the most common coexisting conditions. 76 patients died in the hospital. Multivariate analysis showed that dyspnea (hazards ratio (HR) 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.414 to 3.517;p < 0.001), older age (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.070 to 1.123; p < 0.001), neutrophilia (HR 4.4, 95% CI 1.310 to 15.061; p = 0.017) and elevated ultrasensitive cardiac troponin I (HR 3.9, 95% CI 1.471 to 10.433; p = 0.006) were independently associated with death.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Although so far the overall mortality of COVID-19 is relatively low, the mortality of elderly patients is much higher. Early diagnosis and supportive care are of great importance for the elderly patients of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492532,
year = {2020},
author = {Itaya, T and Furuse, Y and Jindai, K},
title = {Does COVID-19 infection impact on the trend of seasonal influenza infection? 11 countries and regions, from 2014 to 2020.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.088},
pmid = {32492532},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Infection due to the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is widespread dramatically around the world. This COVID-19 pandemic could increase public concern to prevent infectious disease. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the COVID-19 epidemic and decreasing another infectious disease.<br><br>METHODS: This study was performed to show trends in seasonal influenza cases from the 2014-2015 season to the 2019-2020 season in 11 countries and regions, and evaluate whether the trends in the 2019-2020 season were different before and after the COVID-19 pandemic compared to previous seasons using a quasi-experimental difference-in-difference design.<br><br>RESULTS: In East Asia, the number of seasonal influenza cases in the 2019-20 season was lower after the COVID-19 transmission compared to previous years. However, this was not the case in the American countries or in European countries.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 epidemic might have altered health behaviors, resulting in an unexpected reduction of seasonal influenza cases.},
}
@article {pmid32492531,
year = {2020},
author = {Alcoba-Florez, J and González-Montelongo, R and Íñigo-Campos, A and de Artola, DG and Gil-Campesino, H and The Microbiology Technical Support Team, and Ciuffreda, L and Valenzuela-Fernández, A and Flores, C},
title = {Fast SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR in preheated nasopharyngeal swab samples.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.099},
pmid = {32492531},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The gold-standard COVID-19 diagnosis relies on detecting SARS-CoV-2 using RNA purification and one-step retrotranscription and quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Based on the urgent need for high-throughput screening, we tested the performance of three alternative, simple and affordable protocols to rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2, bypassing the long and tedious RNA extraction step and reducing the time to viral detection.<br><br>METHODS: We evaluated three methods based on direct nasopharyngeal swab viral transmission medium (VTM) heating before the RT-qPCR: a) direct without additives; b) in a formamide-EDTA (FAE) buffer, c) in a RNAsnapTM buffer.<br><br>RESULTS: Although with a delay in cycle threshold compared to the gold-standard, we found consistent results in nasopharyngeal swab samples that were subject to a direct 70°C incubation for 10 min.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide valuable options to overcome any supply chain issue and help to increase the throughput of diagnostic tests, thereby complementing standard diagnosis.},
}
@article {pmid32492530,
year = {2020},
author = {Kang, CK and Han, GC and Kim, M and Kim, G and Shin, HM and Song, KH and Choe, PG and Park, WB and Kim, ES and Kim, HB and Kim, NJ and Kim, HR and Oh, MD},
title = {Aberrant hyperactivation of cytotoxic T-cell as a potential determinant of COVID-19 severity.},
journal = {International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.106},
pmid = {32492530},
issn = {1878-3511},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that immune response may contribute to progression of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) at the second week of illness. Therefore, we compared cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses between severe and mild COVID-19 cases.<br><br>METHODS: We examined peripheral blood mononuclear cells of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients from their first and third weeks of illness. Severe pneumonia was defined as an oxygen saturation ≤ 93% at room air. Expressions of molecules related to T-cell activation and functions were analyzed by flow cytometry.<br><br>RESULTS: The population dynamics of T cells at the first week were not different between the two groups. However, total numbers of CD4+ and CD8 + T cells tended to be lower in the severe group at the third week of illness. Expressions of Ki-67, PD-1, perforin, and granzyme B in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in the severe group than in the mild group at the third week. In contrast to the mild group, the levels of their expression did not decrease in severe group.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Severe COVID-19 had higher degree of proliferation, activation, and cytotoxicity of T-cells at the late phase of illness without cytotoxic T-cell contraction, which might contribute to the development of severe COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492529,
year = {2020},
author = {Lombardi, JM and Bottiglieri, T and Desai, N and Riew, KD and Boddapati, V and Weller, M and Bourgois, C and McChrystal, S and Lehman, RA},
title = {Addressing a National Crisis: The Spine Hospital and Department's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City.},
journal = {The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.spinee.2020.05.539},
pmid = {32492529},
issn = {1878-1632},
abstract = {In a very brief period, the COVID-19 pandemic has swept across the planet leaving governments, societies and healthcare systems unprepared and under-resourced. New York City now represents the global viral epicenter with roughly one third of all mortalities in the United States. To date, our hospital has treated thousands of COVID-19 positive patients and sits at the forefront of the United States response to this pandemic. The goal of this paper is to share the lessons learned by our spine division during a crisis when hospital resources and personnel are stretched thin. Such experiences include management of elective and emergent cases, outpatient clinics, physician redeployment and general health and wellness. As peak infections spread across the United States, we hope this article will serve as a resource for other spine departments on how to manage patient care and healthcare worker deployment during the COVID-19 crisis.},
}
@article {pmid32492485,
year = {2020},
author = {Kong, W and Wang, Y and Hu, J and Chughtai, A and Pu, H and , },
title = {Comparison of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multi-center study in Sichuan Province, China.},
journal = {Travel medicine and infectious disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101754},
doi = {10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101754},
pmid = {32492485},
issn = {1873-0442},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2 has become a concern worldwide. This study aims to compare the epidemiology and the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.<br><br>METHODS: A total of 511 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection cases, including 100 asymptomatic (by the time of the pathogenic tests) and 411 symptomatic individuals were consecutively enrolled from January 25 to February 20, 2020 from hospitals in 21 cities and 47 counties or districts in Sichuan Province. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics were compared.<br><br>RESULTS: Compared to the symptomatic patients, the asymptomatic cases were younger (P < 0.001), had similar co-morbidity percentages (P = 0.609), and came from higher altitude areas with lower population mobility (P < 0.001) with better defined epidemiological history (P < 0.001). 27.4% of well-documented asymptomatic cases developed delayed symptoms after the pathogenic diagnosis. 60% of asymptomatic cases demonstrated findings of pneumonia on the initial chest CT, including well-recognized features of coronavirus disease-19. None of the asymptomatic individuals died. Two elderly individuals with initially asymptomatic infection developed severe symptoms during hospitalization. One case of possible virus transmission by a patient during the incubation period was highly suspected.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological and clinical findings highlight the significance of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. Inspecting the epidemiological history would facilitate the identification of asymptomatic cases. Evidence supports the chest CT scans for confirmed asymptomatic cases to evaluate the extent of lung involvement.},
}
@article {pmid32492484,
year = {2020},
author = {Gautret, P and Colson, P and Lagier, JC and Parola, P and Raoult, D},
title = {Does spitting in public play a role in transmitting SARS-CoV-2?.},
journal = {Travel medicine and infectious disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101759},
doi = {10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101759},
pmid = {32492484},
issn = {1873-0442},
}
@article {pmid32492478,
year = {2020},
author = {Della-Torre, E and Della-Torre, F and Kusanovic Pcp, M and Scotti, R and Alvise-Ramirez, G and Dagna, L and Tresoldi, M},
title = {Treating COVID-19 with colchicine in community healthcare setting.},
journal = {Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {108490},
doi = {10.1016/j.clim.2020.108490},
pmid = {32492478},
issn = {1521-7035},
}
@article {pmid32492456,
year = {2020},
author = {Kandori, K and Narumiya, H and Iizuka, R},
title = {Letter to the Editor: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation should not be performed on confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients.},
journal = {Resuscitation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.05.040},
pmid = {32492456},
issn = {1873-1570},
}
@article {pmid32492454,
year = {2020},
author = {Chew, MH and Koh, FH and Wu, JT and Ngaserin, S and Ng, A and Ong, BC and Lee, VJ},
title = {Clinical assessment of COVID-19 outbreak among migrant workers residing in a large dormitory in Singapore.},
journal = {The Journal of hospital infection},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhin.2020.05.034},
pmid = {32492454},
issn = {1532-2939},
}
@article {pmid32492443,
year = {2020},
author = {Fabre, O and Rebet, O and Hysi, I},
title = {Right-to-left interatrial shunt in COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism.},
journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.014},
pmid = {32492443},
issn = {1552-6259},
}
@article {pmid32492436,
year = {2020},
author = {Rajendram, R and Kharal, GA and Puri, R},
title = {Covid-19 may be exacerbated by right-to-left interatrial shunt.},
journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32492436},
issn = {1552-6259},
}
@article {pmid32492407,
year = {2020},
author = {Sempowski, GD and Saunders, KO and Acharya, P and Wiehe, KJ and Haynes, BF},
title = {Pandemic Preparedness: Developing Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies For COVID-19.},
journal = {Cell},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.041},
pmid = {32492407},
issn = {1097-4172},
abstract = {The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that causes COVID-19 respiratory syndrome has caused global public health and economic crises, necessitating rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic countermeasures. The world-wide response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented with government, academic, and private partnerships working together to rapidly develop vaccine and antibody countermeasures. Many of the technologies being used are derived from prior government-academic partnerships for response to other emerging infections.},
}
@article {pmid32492406,
year = {2020},
author = {Shen, B and Yi, X and Sun, Y and Bi, X and Du, J and Zhang, C and Quan, S and Zhang, F and Sun, R and Qian, L and Ge, W and Liu, W and Liang, S and Chen, H and Zhang, Y and Li, J and Xu, J and He, Z and Chen, B and Wang, J and Yan, H and Zheng, Y and Wang, D and Zhu, J and Kong, Z and Kang, Z and Liang, X and Ding, X and Ruan, G and Xiang, N and Cai, X and Gao, H and Li, L and Li, S and Xiao, Q and Lu, T and Zhu, Y and Liu, H and Chen, H and Guo, T},
title = {Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of COVID-19 Patient Sera.},
journal = {Cell},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.032},
pmid = {32492406},
issn = {1097-4172},
abstract = {Early detection and effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients remain major challenges. Here, we performed proteomic and metabolomic profiling of sera from 46 COVID-19 and 53 control individuals. We then trained a machine learning model using proteomic and metabolomic measurements from a training cohort of 18 non-severe and 13 severe patients. The model was validated using 10 independent patients, 7 of which were correctly classified. Targeted proteomics and metabolomics assays were employed to further validate this molecular classifier in a second test cohort of 19 COVID-19 patients, leading to 16 correct assignments. We identified molecular changes in the sera of COVID-19 patients compared to other groups implicating dysregulation of macrophage, platelet degranulation, complement system pathways, and massive metabolic suppression. This study revealed characteristic protein and metabolite changes in the sera of severe COVID-19 patients, which might be used in selection of potential blood biomarkers for severity evaluation.},
}
@article {pmid32492368,
year = {2020},
author = {Lexa, FJ and Fessell, D},
title = {Leadership in the Aftermath of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Next Steps Post Surge.},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jacr.2020.05.020},
pmid = {32492368},
issn = {1558-349X},
}
@article {pmid32492361,
year = {2020},
author = {Duckett, S},
title = {Governance lessons from COVID-19.},
journal = {Australian health review : a publication of the Australian Hospital Association},
volume = {44},
number = {3},
pages = {335},
doi = {10.1071/AHv44n3_ED1},
pmid = {32492361},
issn = {1449-8944},
}
@article {pmid32492354,
year = {2020},
author = {Casey, JD and Johnson, NJ and Semler, MW and Collins, SP and Aggarwal, NR and Brower, RG and Chang, SY and Eppensteiner, J and Filbin, M and Gibbs, KW and Ginde, AA and Gong, MN and Harrell, F and Hayden, DL and Hough, CL and Khan, A and Leither, LM and Moss, M and Oldmixon, CF and Park, PK and Reineck, LA and Ringwood, NJ and Robinson, BR and Schoenfeld, DA and Shapiro, NI and Steingrub, JS and Torr, DK and Weissman, A and Lindsell, CJ and Rice, TW and Thompson, BT and Brown, SM and Self, WH and , },
title = {Rationale and Design of ORCHID: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Hydroxychloroquine for Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19.},
journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.202005-478SD},
pmid = {32492354},
issn = {2325-6621},
abstract = {The Outcomes Related to COVID-19 treated with Hydroxychloroquine among In-patients with symptomatic Disease (ORCHID) trial is a multicenter, blinded, randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo for the treatment of adults hospitalized with COVID-19. This document provides the rationale and background for the trial and highlights key design features. We discuss five novel challenges to the design and conduct of a large, multi-center, randomized trial during a pandemic, including: 1) widespread, off-label use of the study drug before the availability of safety and efficacy data; 2) the need to adapt traditional procedures for documentation of informed consent during an infectious pandemic; 3) developing a flexible and robust Bayesian analysis incorporating significant uncertainty about the disease, outcomes, and treatment; 4) obtaining indistinguishable drug and placebo without delaying enrollment; and 5) rapidly obtaining administrative and regulatory approvals. Our goals in describing how the ORCHID trial progressed from study conception to enrollment of the first patient in 15 days are to inform the development of other high-quality, multi-center trials targeting COVID-19. We describe lessons learned to improve the efficiency of future clinical trials, particularly in the setting of pandemics. The ORCHID trial will provide high-quality, clinically relevant data on the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 among hospitalized adults. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04332991) prior to enrollment of the first patient on April 2, 2020.},
}
@article {pmid32492353,
year = {2020},
author = {Shuman, AG and Fox, E and Unguru, Y},
title = {Preparing for COVID-19 Related Drug Shortages.},
journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.202004-362VP},
pmid = {32492353},
issn = {2325-6621},
}
@article {pmid32492351,
year = {2020},
author = {Michard, F and Shelley, K},
title = {Should We Monitor Pulsus Paradoxus via Pulse Oximetry in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure?.},
journal = {American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1164/rccm.202004-1504LE},
pmid = {32492351},
issn = {1535-4970},
}
@article {pmid32492326,
year = {2020},
author = {Rubin, EJ and Baden, LR and Morrissey, S},
title = {Audio Interview: Diagnosis and Early Treatment of Covid-19.},
journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
volume = {382},
number = {23},
pages = {e103},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMe2021023},
pmid = {32492326},
issn = {1533-4406},
}
@article {pmid32492298,
year = {2020},
author = {Cohen, MS},
title = {Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention of Covid-19 - Searching for Evidence.},
journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMe2020388},
pmid = {32492298},
issn = {1533-4406},
}
@article {pmid32492295,
year = {2020},
author = {Klompas, M and Morris, CA and Shenoy, ES},
title = {Universal Masking in the Covid-19 Era.},
journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMc2020836},
pmid = {32492295},
issn = {1533-4406},
}
@article {pmid32492294,
year = {2020},
author = {Tu, YP and Jennings, R and Hart, B and Cangelosi, GA and Wood, RC and Wehber, K and Verma, P and Vojta, D and Berke, EM},
title = {Swabs Collected by Patients or Health Care Workers for SARS-CoV-2 Testing.},
journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMc2016321},
pmid = {32492294},
issn = {1533-4406},
}
@article {pmid32492293,
year = {2020},
author = {Boulware, DR and Pullen, MF and Bangdiwala, AS and Pastick, KA and Lofgren, SM and Okafor, EC and Skipper, CP and Nascene, AA and Nicol, MR and Abassi, M and Engen, NW and Cheng, MP and LaBar, D and Lother, SA and MacKenzie, LJ and Drobot, G and Marten, N and Zarychanski, R and Kelly, LE and Schwartz, IS and McDonald, EG and Rajasingham, R and Lee, TC and Hullsiek, KH},
title = {A Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19.},
journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMoa2016638},
pmid = {32492293},
issn = {1533-4406},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) occurs after exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For persons who are exposed, the standard of care is observation and quarantine. Whether hydroxychloroquine can prevent symptomatic infection after SARS-CoV-2 exposure is unknown.<br><br>METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across the United States and parts of Canada testing hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis. We enrolled adults who had household or occupational exposure to someone with confirmed Covid-19 at a distance of less than 6 ft for more than 10 minutes while wearing neither a face mask nor an eye shield (high-risk exposure) or while wearing a face mask but no eye shield (moderate-risk exposure). Within 4 days after exposure, we randomly assigned participants to receive either placebo or hydroxychloroquine (800 mg once, followed by 600 mg in 6 to 8 hours, then 600 mg daily for 4 additional days). The primary outcome was the incidence of either laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 or illness compatible with Covid-19 within 14 days.<br><br>RESULTS: We enrolled 821 asymptomatic participants. Overall, 87.6% of the participants (719 of 821) reported a high-risk exposure to a confirmed Covid-19 contact. The incidence of new illness compatible with Covid-19 did not differ significantly between participants receiving hydroxychloroquine (49 of 414 [11.8%]) and those receiving placebo (58 of 407 [14.3%]); the absolute difference was -2.4 percentage points (95% confidence interval, -7.0 to 2.2; P = 0.35). Side effects were more common with hydroxychloroquine than with placebo (40.1% vs. 16.8%), but no serious adverse reactions were reported.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: After high-risk or moderate-risk exposure to Covid-19, hydroxychloroquine did not prevent illness compatible with Covid-19 or confirmed infection when used as postexposure prophylaxis within 4 days after exposure. (Funded by David Baszucki and Jan Ellison Baszucki and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04308668.).},
}
@article {pmid32492292,
year = {2020},
author = {Tseng, YH and Yang, RC and Lu, TS},
title = {Two hits to the renin-angiotensin system may play a key role in severe COVID-19.},
journal = {The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/kjm2.12237},
pmid = {32492292},
issn = {2410-8650},
abstract = {The spike glycoprotein on the virion surface docking onto the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 dimer is an essential step in the process of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in human cells-involves downregulation of ACE2 expression with systemic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) imbalance and promotion of multi-organ damage. In general, the RAS induces vasoconstriction, hypertension, inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation via the ACE/Ang II/Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis and induces the opposite effects via the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis. The RAS may be activated by chronic inflammation in hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. SARS-CoV-2 induces the ACE2 internalization and shedding, leading to the inactivation of the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis. Therefore, we hypothesize that two hits to the RAS drives COVID-19 progression. In brief, the first hit originates from chronic inflammation activating the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, and the second originates from the COVID-19 infection inactivating the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis. Moreover, the two hits to the RAS may be the primary reason for increased mortality in patients with COVID-19 who have comorbidities and may serve as a therapeutic target for COVID-19 treatment.},
}
@article {pmid32492290,
year = {2020},
author = {Lee, JJ and Hwang, SJ and Huang, JF},
title = {Review of the present features and the infection control challenges of COVID-19 pandemic in dialysis facilities.},
journal = {The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/kjm2.12239},
pmid = {32492290},
issn = {2410-8650},
abstract = {The COVID-19 has swept the world causing suffering, death, loss, and massive economy damage. The dialysis population is vulnerable and the dialysis facility is critical in maintaining operations and avoiding disease transmission. The present information regarding the clinical features of COVID-19 infection in the dialysis population was collected, and the useful measures of COVID-19 infection prevention and infection control in the dialysis facilities were summarized. Leadership, education, preparedness, management, and recovery phase were determined to be the critical procedures. It is hoped this updated interim review might provide information for medical professionals to take proactive action to best prepare and mitigate damage when facing the COVID-19 pandemic challenge.},
}
@article {pmid32492263,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, SC and Chang, K and Kuo, CH},
title = {Emergency department infection control strategies in response to COVID-19.},
journal = {The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/kjm2.12243},
pmid = {32492263},
issn = {2410-8650},
}
@article {pmid32492258,
year = {2020},
author = {Chien, CY and Wu, JY and Wang, LF},
title = {Proactive measures for the pandemic COVID-19 infection in outpatient clinics of Otolaryngology Department.},
journal = {The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/kjm2.12235},
pmid = {32492258},
issn = {2410-8650},
}
@article {pmid32492256,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, Y and Chen, C},
title = {How to support the quality of life of people living with cognitive disorders? A (k)new challenge in the post-Covid World.},
journal = {European journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ene.14373},
pmid = {32492256},
issn = {1468-1331},
abstract = {Currently more than five million confirmed cases and over 300,000 deaths due to COVID-19 infection have occurred worldwide (1). In the absence of a vaccine, effective prophylaxis or treatment, containment relies on restrictive lockdown measures, as has occurred in most European countries.},
}
@article {pmid32492251,
year = {2020},
author = {de Souza, TH and Nadal, JA and Nogueira, RJN and Pereira, RM and Brandão, MB},
title = {Clinical Manifestations of Children with COVID-19: a Systematic Review.},
journal = {Pediatric pulmonology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ppul.24885},
pmid = {32492251},
issn = {1099-0496},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVID-19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial and radiological characteristics of children with COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: The Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were: (1) studied patients younger than 18 years old; (2) presented original data from cases of COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; and (3) contained descriptions of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests or radiological examinations.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 38 studies (1,124 cases) were included. From all the cases, 1,117 had their severity classified: 14.2% were asymptomatic, 36.3% were mild, 46.0% were moderate, 2.1% were severe and 1.2% were critical. The most prevalent symptom was fever (47.5%), followed by cough (41.5%), nasal symptoms (11.2%), diarrhea (8.1%) and nausea/vomiting (7.1%). One hundred forty-five (36.9%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia and 43 (10.9%) upper airway infections were reported. Reduced lymphocyte count were reported in 12.9% of cases. Abnormalities on computed tomography were reported in 63.0% of cases. The most prevalent abnormalities reported were ground glass opacities, patchy shadows and consolidations. Only one death was reported.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19 differ widely from adults cases. Fever and respiratory symptoms should not be considered a hallmark of COVID-19 in children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492223,
year = {2020},
author = {Kobara, H and Nishiyama, N and Masaki, T},
title = {Shielding for patients using a single-use vinyl-box under continuous aerosol suction to minimize SARS-CoV-2 transmission during emergency endoscopy.},
journal = {Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/den.13713},
pmid = {32492223},
issn = {1443-1661},
}
@article {pmid32492212,
year = {2020},
author = {Kang, H and Wang, Y and Tong, Z and Liu, X},
title = {Re-test Positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA of &quot;Recovered&quot; Patients with COVID-19: Persistence, Sampling issues, or Re-infection?.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26114},
pmid = {32492212},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {&quot;Re-test Positive&quot; for SARS-CoV-2 from &quot;recovered&quot; COVID-19 has been reported and raised several important questions for this novel coronavirus and COVID-19 disease. In this commentary, we discussed several questions: 1. Can SARS-CoV-2 re-infect the individuals who recovered from COVID-19? This question is also associated with other questions: whether or not SARS-CoV-2 infection induces protective reaction or neutralized antibody? Will SARS-CoV-2 vaccines work? 2. Why could some recovered COVID-19 patients be re-tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA? 3. Are some recovered COVID-19 patients with re-testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA infectious? 4. How should the COVID-19 patients with re-test positive for SARS-CoV-2 be managed? This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492211,
year = {2020},
author = {Zuo, Y and Liu, Y and Zhong, Q and Zhang, K and Xu, Y and Wang, Z},
title = {Lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon combination therapy may help shorten the duration of viral shedding in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study in two designated hospitals in Anhui, China.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26127},
pmid = {32492211},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Prolonged viral shedding may pose a threat to the control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and data on the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding are still limited, with the associated factors being unknown.<br><br>METHODS: All adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study in two designated hospitals during 21 January 2020-16 March 2020 in Anhui, China. In all patients, data on the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding were analyzed by reviewing all RNA detection results during hospitalization. Additionally, demographic, clinical, treatment, laboratory and outcome data were also collected from electronic medical records. Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding were analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards model.<br><br>RESULTS: Among 181 patients, the mean age was 44.3±13.2 years, and 55.2% were male. The median duration of viral shedding from illness onset was 18.0 days (IQR 15.0-24.0). Prolonged viral shedding was associated with longer hospital stays (P<0.001) and higher medical costs (P<0.001). The severity of COVID-19 had nothing to do with prolonged shedding. Moreover, the median time from onset to antiviral treatment initiation was 5.0 days (IQR 3.0-7.0). Delayed antiviral treatment (HR 0.976 [95% CI, 0.962-0.990]) and lopinavir/ritonavir + IFN-α combination therapy as the initial antiviral treatment (HR 1.649 [95% CI, 1.162-2.339]) were independent factors associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 showed prolonged viral shedding, causing increased hospital stays and medical costs. Early initiation of lopinavir/ritonavir + IFN-α combination therapy may help shorten the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492210,
year = {2020},
author = {Shabani, M and Shokouhi, S and Moradi, O and Saffaei, A and Sahraei, Z},
title = {Tocilizumab Administration in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Subcutaneous Injection versus Intravenous Infusion.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26124},
pmid = {32492210},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Recent studies have revealed that cytokine storm syndrome, which is caused by the activation of inflammatory cytokines, is a likely underlying pathophysiology in patients with severe COVID-19 that has been associated with a high mortality rate1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492209,
year = {2020},
author = {Ikitimur, H and Borku Uysal, B and Cengiz, M and Ikitimur, B and Uysal, H and Ozcan, E and Islamoglu, MS and Seyhan, S and Yavuzer, H and Yavuzer, S},
title = {''Determining Host Factors Contributing to Disease Severity in a Family Cluster of 29 Hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Patients: Could Genetic Factors Be Relevant in the Clinical Course of COVID-19?''.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26106},
pmid = {32492209},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In this study, we report a large family cluster consisting of 29 genetically related patients hospitalized with COVID-19. We sought to determine the clinical characteristics relevant to the clinical course of COVID-19 by comparing the family cluster to unrelated patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection so that the presence of potential determinants of disease severity, other than traditional risk factors previously reported, could be investigated.<br><br>METHODS: 29 patient files were investigated in Group 1 and Group 2 was created with 52 consecutive COVID-19 patients with age and gender compatibility. The virus was detected for diagnosis. The clinical, laboratory and imaging features of all patients were retrospectively screened. Disease course was assessed using records regarding outcome from patient files retrospectively. Groups were compared with respect to baseline characteristics, disease severity on presentation, disease course.<br><br>RESULTS: There was no difference between the two groups in terms of comorbidity and smoking history. In terms of in-hospital treatment, use differed not significantly between two groups. We found that all 29 patients in Group 1 had severe pneumonia, 18 patients had severe pneumonia. Hospitalization rates, length of hospital stay and transferred to ICU were found to be statistically significantly higher in Group 1.<br><br>CONCLUSION: In the present study, COVID-19 cases in the large family cluster were shown to have more severe disease and worse clinical course compared to consecutive COVID-19 patients presenting to the same time. We believe further studies into potential genetic mechanisms of host susceptibility to COVID-19 should include such family clusters. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492206,
year = {2020},
author = {Ul Alam, ASMR and Rafiul Islam, M and Shaminur Rahman, M and Islam, OK and Anwar Hossain, M},
title = {Understanding the possible origin and genotyping of first Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 strain.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26115},
pmid = {32492206},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causes the unfathomable pandemic in the history of humankind. Bangladesh is also a victim of this critical situation. To investigate the genomic features of the pathogen, the first complete genome of the virus has very recently been published. Therefore, the long awaiting questions regarding the possible origin and typing of the strain(s) can now be answered. Here, we endeavor to mainly discuss the published reports or online-accessed data (results) regarding those issues and presented a comprehensive picture of the typing of the virus alongside the probable origin of the sub-clade containing Bangladeshi strain. Our observation suggested that this strain might have originated from the United Kingdom (UK) or other European countries epidemiologically linked to the UK. According to different genotyping classification schemes, this strain belongs to A2a clade under G major clade, is of B and/or L type, and is a SARS-CoV-2a sub-strain. In the forwarding days, randomized genome data will certainly voluminate in Bangladesh, however because of globalization and immigrant movements, we urgently need a mass regional sequencing approach targeting the partial or complete genome that can link the epidemiological data and may help in further clinical interventions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492205,
year = {2020},
author = {Yu, T and Tian, C and Chu, S and Zhou, H and Zhang, Z and Luo, S and Hu, D and Fan, H},
title = {COVID-19 patients benefit from early antiviral treatment: a comparative, retrospective study.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26129},
pmid = {32492205},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The outbreak of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, started in December 2019, Wuhan, China. We aimed to figure out the time-point and duration of using antiviral drugs for receiving the maximal effects in patients with COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: In this study, we enrolled 129 confirmed COVID-19 mild to moderate patients who had been treated with antiviral drugs during their hospitalization in Wuhan Union Hospital China. The patients were divided into early antiviral treatment group and late antiviral treatment group. The demographic data, laboratory tests, the virus clearance time, chest computed tomography (CT) scans, etc. were extracted, calculated and compared between two groups.<br><br>RESULTS: Our data showed that the median time from illness onset to initiation of antiviral treatment was 6 days in all patients. The group with early antiviral treatment demonstrated 7 days shorter in the virus clearance time when compared to the group with late antiviral treatment. After virus clearance, the group with early antiviral treatment showed milder illness than the group with late antiviral treatment.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Early antiviral treatment could effectively shorten the virus clearance time, and prevent the rapid progression of COVID-19. Therefore, the COVID-19 patients should receive combined therapies with antiviral treatment at early stage. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492203,
year = {2020},
author = {Sagkan, RI and Akin-Bali, DF},
title = {Structural variations and expression profiles of the SARS-CoV-2 host invasion genes in Lung cancer.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26107},
pmid = {32492203},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Recent days have seen growing evidence of cancer's susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and of the effect of genomic differences on the virus' entrance genes in lung cancer. Genetic confirmation of the hypotheses regarding gene expression and mutation pattern of target genes, including Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2), Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2), Basigin (CD147/BSG) and Paired Basic Amino Acid Cleaving Enzyme (FURIN/PCSK3), as well as correlation analysis, were evaluated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) using in silico analysis. Not only were gene expression and mutation patterns detected, but also there was a correlation and survival analysis between ACE2 and other target genes expression levels. The total genetic anomaly carrying rate of target genes, including ACE2, TMPRSS2, CD147/BSG and FURIN/PCSK3, was determined as 8.1% and 21 mutations detected, with 7 of these mutations having pathogenic features. p.H34N on the RBD binding residues for SARS-CoV-2 was determined in our LUAD patient group. According to gene expression analysis results in LUAD and LUSC patient groups, while the TMPRSS2 level was statistically significantly decreased in the LUSC patient group compared to healthy control, the ACE2 level was determined to be high in LUAD and LUSC. There were no meaningful differences in expression of CD147 and FURIN genes. The challenge for the today is building the assessment of genomic susceptibility to COVID-19 in lung cancer, requiring detailed experimental laboratory studies, in addition to in silico analyses, as a way of assessing the mechanism of novel virus invasion that can be used in the development of effective SARS-CoV-2 therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492200,
year = {2020},
author = {Akinosoglou, K and Velissaris, D and Ziazias, D and Davoulos, C and Tousis, A and Tsiotsios, K and Kalogeropoulou, C and Spyridonidis, A and Marangos, M and Fligkou, F and Gogos, C},
title = {Remdesivir and Tocilizumab: Mix or Match.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26117},
pmid = {32492200},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {To date, no therapy has demonstrated definite efficacy for patients with COVID-19. Antiviral, as well as, anti-inflammatory approaches, as these represented by remdesivir (RDV) and tocilizumab (TCZ) use, have been recently put forward. However, data upon optimal choice of one over the other, or potential need for regimen combination, remains an open question. We hereby report two well-matched cases of SARS-CoV-2 (+) patients, developing respiratory failure, both receiving TCZ following severe inflammatory response, with or without RDV. We argue that, RDV administration is pivotal early in the course of the disease, since TCZ use alone cannot ensure inflammation control. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492199,
year = {2020},
author = {Carnevale, S and Beretta, P and Morbini, P},
title = {Direct endothelial damage and vasculitis due to SARS-CoV-2 in small bowel submucosa of CoViD-19 patient with diarrhea.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26119},
pmid = {32492199},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {SARS-CoV-2, responsible for CoViD-19, is a new virus that can infect different cellular lines, including endothelia and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa. At this level, the virus can cause different types of direct damage, even in paucisymptomatic, young patients. Virus can be detected directly with immunohistochemistry techinques. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492197,
year = {2020},
author = {Lotfi, M and Rezaei, N},
title = {SARS-CoV-2: A comprehensive review from pathogenicity of the virus to clinical consequences.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26123},
pmid = {32492197},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Nowadays, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which caused novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, is the worldwide challenge. The virus is highly contagious, and clinical consequences were very divers. It is estimated that if no effective action is taken, COVID-19 could plague 90% of the world's population and kill over 40 million people. So, it is essential to understand the virus pathogenicity and follow the preventive methods to control the high morbidity and mortality rates. Meanwhile our current knowledge of COVID-19 is still limited, despite hard efforts of scientists and clinicians during last few months. In this review article, we have collected the latest data about characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic methods of SARS-CoV-2. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492196,
year = {2020},
author = {Wen, S and Sun, C and Zheng, H and Wang, L and Zhang, H and Zou, L and Liu, Z and Du, P and Xu, X and Liang, L and Peng, X and Zhang, W and Wu, J and Yang, J and Lei, B and Zeng, G and Ke, C and Chen, F and Zhang, X},
title = {High-Coverage SARS-CoV-2 Genome Sequences Acquired by Target Capture Sequencing.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26116},
pmid = {32492196},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {In this study, we designed a set of SARS-CoV-2 enrichment probes to increase the capacity for sequence-based virus detection and obtain the comprehensive genome sequence at the same time. This universal SARS-CoV-2 enrichment probe set contains 502 120nt ssDNA biotin-labeled probes designed based on all available SARS-CoV-2 viral sequences and it can be used to enrich for SARS-CoV-2 sequences without prior knowledge of type or subtype. Following the CDC health and safety guidelines, marked enrichment was demonstrated in a virus strain sample from a cell culture, three nasopharyngeal swab samples (cycle threshold [Ct] values: 32.36, 36.72, and 38.44) from patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (positive control) and four throat swab samples from patients without COVID-19 (negative controls), respectively. Moreover, based on these high-quality sequences, we discuss the heterozygosity and viral expression during coronavirus replication, and its phylogenetic relationship with other selected high-quality samples from The Genome Variation Map (GVM). Therefore, this universal SARS-CoV-2 enrichment probe system can capture and enrich SARS-CoV-2 viral sequences selectively and effectively in different samples, especially clinical swab samples with a relatively low concentration of viral particles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492195,
year = {2020},
author = {Cruz, JO and Conceição, IMCA and Sousa, SMB and Luizon, MR},
title = {Functional prediction and frequency of coding variants in human ACE2 at binding sites with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on different populations.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26126},
pmid = {32492195},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Hussain et al.1 identified 17 natural coding variants for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) that were found at important positions for binding of ACE2 with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein1 . They suggested that positive prognosis of COVID-19 may be due to the existence of ACE2 variants like rs73635825 and rs143936283 in some individuals, and to screen frequencies of candidate alleles in different populations to predict the prognosis of COVID-191 . We contributed with further data for these 17 ACE2 variants using other function prediction tools. Moreover, we searched for the minor allele frequency (MAF) for these ACE2 variants as reported in different populations and debated regarding their use in population genetic studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492193,
year = {2020},
author = {Baig, AM and Sanders, EC},
title = {Potential Neuroinvasive Pathways of SARS-CoV-2: Deciphering the Spectrum of Neurological Deficit Seen in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26105},
pmid = {32492193},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Scientists and clinicians must acknowledge that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to attack the human body in multiple ways simultaneously and exploit any weaknesses of its host. A multipronged attack could potentially explain the severity and extensive variety of signs and symptoms observed in patients with COVID-19. Understanding the diverse tactics of this virus to infect the human body is both critical and incredibly complex. Although patients diagnosed with COVID-19 have primarily presented with pulmonary involvement, viral invasion, and injury to diverse end organs is also prevalent and well documented in these patients, but has been largely unheeded. Human organs known for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression including the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, heart, adrenals, brain, and testicles are examples of extra-pulmonary tissues with confirmed invasion by SARS-CoV-2. Initial multiple organ involvement may present with vague signs and symptoms to alert healthcare professionals early in the course of COVID-19. Another example of an ongoing, yet neglected element of the syndromic features of COVID-19, are the reported findings of loss of smell, altered taste, ataxia, headache, dizziness, and loss of consciousness, which suggest a potential for neural involvement. In this review, we further deliberate on the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2, the neurologic symptomology observed in COVID-19, the host-virus interaction, possible routes of SARS-CoV-2 to invade the central nervous system (CNS), other neurologic considerations for patients with COVID-19, and a collective call to action. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492188,
year = {2020},
author = {Nakamoto, T and Kutsuna, S and Yanagawa, Y and Kanda, K and Okuhama, A and Akiyama, Y and Miyazato, Y and Ide, S and Nakamura, K and Yamamoto, K and Ohmagari, N},
title = {A case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in an untreated HIV patient in Tokyo, Japan.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26102},
pmid = {32492188},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {We report a 28-year-old male co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; COVID-19) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). His clinical course of the COVID-19 pneumonia improved smoothly in 9 days; however, his immune status from HIV infection was not well-controlled due to a lack of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The HIV-1 viral load decreased during the acute phase and subsequently increased in the recovery phase. Antiretroviral therapy was given a month after the twice non-detections of SARS-CoV-2 to avoid immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS). Previous reports suggest COVID-19 do not become more severe in untreated HIV patients than non-HIV patients. However, untreated HIV patients with COVID-19 should be followed up carefully for IRIS with ART. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492183,
year = {2020},
author = {Benvenuto, D and Demir, AB and Giovanetti, M and Bianchi, M and Angeletti, S and Pascarella, S and Cauda, R and Ciccozzi, M and Cassone, A},
title = {Evidence for mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Italian isolates potentially affecting virus transmission.},
journal = {Journal of medical virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmv.26104},
pmid = {32492183},
issn = {1096-9071},
abstract = {Italy is the first western country suffering heavy SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease impact after Covid-19 pandemia started in China. Even though the presence of mutations on spike glycoprotein and nucleocapsid in Italian isolates has been reported, the potential impact of these mutations on viral transmission has not been evaluated. We have compared SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from Italian patients with virus sequences from Chinese patients. We focussed upon three non-synonimous mutations of genes coding for S(one) and N (two) viral proteins present in Italian isolates and absent in Chinese ones, using various bio-informatic tools. Amino acid analysis and changes in three-dimensional protein structure suggests the mutations reduce protein stability and, particularly for S1 mutation, the enhanced torsional ability of the molecule could favour virus binding to cell receptor(s). This theoretical interpretation awaits experimental and clinical confirmation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32492175,
year = {2020},
author = {Khan, J and van Boxel, G and Mercer, S},
title = {Is minimal access surgery possible and safe during the COVID-19 pandemic?.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11731},
pmid = {32492175},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32492174,
year = {2020},
author = {Miao, Y and Lidove, O and Mauhin, W},
title = {First case of acute pancreatitis related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11741},
pmid = {32492174},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32492171,
year = {2020},
author = {Scott, C and Lambert, A},
title = {Managing appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11752},
pmid = {32492171},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32492170,
year = {2020},
author = {Khan, S and Mian, A},
title = {Medical education: COVID-19 and surgery.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11740},
pmid = {32492170},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32492165,
year = {2020},
author = {Wu, H and Zhu, H and Yuan, C and Yao, C and Luo, W and Shen, X and Wang, J and Shao, J and Xiang, Y},
title = {Clinical and Immune Features of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China.},
journal = {JAMA network open},
volume = {3},
number = {6},
pages = {e2010895},
doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10895},
pmid = {32492165},
issn = {2574-3805},
abstract = {Importance: The epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported, but information on immune features associated with disease severity is scarce.<br><br>Objective: To delineate and compare the immunologic features of mild and moderate COVID-19 in pediatric patients.<br><br>This single-center case series included 157 pediatric patients admitted to Wuhan Children's Hospital with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Data were collected from January 25 to April 18, 2020.<br><br>Exposures: Documented SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br><br>Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical and immunologic characteristics were collected and analyzed. Outcomes were observed until April 18, 2020.<br><br>Results: Of the 157 pediatric patients with COVID-19, 60 (38.2%) had mild clinical type with pneumonia, 88 (56.1%) had moderate cases, 6 (3.8%) had severe cases, and 3 (1.9%) were critically ill. The 148 children with mild or moderate disease had a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 84 (18-123) months, and 88 (59.5%) were girls. The most common laboratory abnormalities were increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (median [IQR], 16.0 [12.0-26.0] U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (median [IQR], 30.0 [23.0-41.8] U/L), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) activity (median [IQR], 24.0 [18.0-34.0] U/L), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (median [IQR], 243.0 [203.0-297.0] U/L), which are associated with liver and myocardial injury. Compared with mild cases, levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ were unchanged, whereas the level of immune suppressive interleukin 10 was markedly increased in moderate cases compared with mild cases (median [IQR], 3.96 [3.34-5.29] pg/mL vs 3.58 [3.10-4.36] pg/mL; P = .048). There was no statistically significant difference in absolute number of lymphocytes (including T cells and B cells) between mild and moderate cases, but moderate cases were associated with a decrease in neutrophil levels compared with mild cases (median [IQR], 2310/μL [1680/μL-3510/μL] vs 3120/μL [2040/μL-4170/μL]; P = .01). Immunoglobin G and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were negatively associated with biochemical indices related to liver and myocardial injury (immunoglobulin G, ALT: r, -0.3579; AST: r, -0.5280; CK-MB activity: r, -0.4786; LDH: r, -0.4984; and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, ALT: r, -0.1893; AST: r, -0.3912; CK-MB activity: r, -0.3428; LDH: r, -0.3234), while counts of lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, and interleukin 10 showed positive associations (lymphocytes, ALT: r, 0.2055; AST: r, 0.3615; CK-MB activity: r, 0.338; LDH: r, 0.3309; CD4+ T cells, AST: r, 0.4701; CK-MB activity: r, 0.4151; LDH: r, 0.4418; interleukin 10, ALT: r, 0.2595; AST: r, 0.3386; CK-MB activity: r, 0.3948; LDH: r, 0.3794).<br><br>Conclusions and Relevance: In this case series, systemic inflammation rarely occurred in pediatric patients with COVID-19, in contrast with the lymphopenia and aggravated inflammatory responses frequently observed in adults with COVID-19. Gaining a deeper understanding of the role of neutrophils, CD4+ T cells, and B cells in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection could be important for the clinical management of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32492144,
year = {2020},
author = {Singh, JA},
title = {The case for why Africa should host COVID-19 candidate vaccine trials.},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiaa303},
pmid = {32492144},
issn = {1537-6613},
abstract = {In response to provocative comments by two European clinicians and scientists, the WHO Director General has declared that Africa will not host COVID-19 vaccine trials. Such a stance risks stigmatising COVID-19 vaccine trials in Africa and depriving Africa of critical research. To the contrary, there is a critical need for Africa to host COVID-19 vaccine trials on public health, scientific, and ethics grounds.},
}
@article {pmid32492142,
year = {2020},
author = {McDermott, JH and Stoddard, D and Ellingford, JM and Gokhale, D and Reynard, C and Black, G and Body, R and Newman, WG},
title = {Utilising Point of Care Diagnostics to Minimise Nosocomial Infection in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic.},
journal = {QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/qjmed/hcaa185},
pmid = {32492142},
issn = {1460-2393},
}
@article {pmid32492123,
year = {2020},
author = {Kao, CM and Orenstein, WA and Anderson, EJ},
title = {The Importance of Advancing SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Children.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa712},
pmid = {32492123},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {While the role of children in the chain of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 remains to be fully defined, they likely play an important role based on our knowledge of other respiratory viruses. Children are more likely to be asymptomatic or have milder symptoms and less likely to present for healthcare and be tested for SARS-CoV-2; thus, our current estimates are likely under-representative of the true burden of SARS-CoV-2 in children. Given the potential direct benefit of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in children and the substantial indirect benefit through community protection or 'herd immunity', we argue that planning and implementation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines should include children. Furthermore, community protection occurred after widespread implementation of prior childhood vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae, rubella and rotavirus. We detail considerations for vaccine clinical trials, potential barriers to the implementation of widespread vaccination and argue why children would be an ideal target population for vaccination.},
}
@article {pmid32492117,
year = {2020},
author = {Angoulvant, F and Ouldali, N and Yang, DD and Filser, M and Gajdos, V and Rybak, A and Guedj, R and Soussan-Banini, V and Basmaci, R and Lefevre-Utile, A and Brun-Ney, D and Beaujouan, L and Skurnik, D},
title = {COVID-19 pandemic: Impact caused by school closure and national lockdown on pediatric visits and admissions for viral and non-viral infections, a time series analysis.},
journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/cid/ciaa710},
pmid = {32492117},
issn = {1537-6591},
abstract = {A time series analysis of 871,543 pediatric emergency visits revealed that the COVID-19 lockdown and school closure were associated with a significant decrease in infectious diseases disseminated through airborne or fecal-oral transmissions: common cold, gastro-enteritis, bronchiolitis, acute otitis. No change was found for urinary tract infections.},
}
@article {pmid32492105,
year = {2020},
author = {Casadevall, A and Joyner, MJ and Pirofski, LA},
title = {A Randomized Trial of Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19-Potentially Hopeful Signals.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.10218},
pmid = {32492105},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32492097,
year = {2020},
author = {Hammoud, MM and Standiford, T and Carmody, JB},
title = {Potential Implications of COVID-19 for the 2020-2021 Residency Application Cycle.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.8911},
pmid = {32492097},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32492092,
year = {2020},
author = {Zachariah, P and Johnson, CL and Halabi, KC and Ahn, D and Sen, AI and Fischer, A and Banker, SL and Giordano, M and Manice, CS and Diamond, R and Sewell, TB and Schweickert, AJ and Babineau, JR and Carter, RC and Fenster, DB and Orange, JS and McCann, TA and Kernie, SG and Saiman, L and , },
title = {Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Disease Severity in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Children's Hospital in New York City, New York.},
journal = {JAMA pediatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e202430},
doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2430},
pmid = {32492092},
issn = {2168-6211},
abstract = {Importance: Descriptions of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience in pediatrics will help inform clinical practices and infection prevention and control for pediatric facilities.<br><br>Objective: To describe the epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory features of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at a children's hospital and to compare these parameters between patients hospitalized with and without severe disease.<br><br>This retrospective review of electronic medical records from a tertiary care academically affiliated children's hospital in New York City, New York, included hospitalized children and adolescents (≤21 years) who were tested based on suspicion for COVID-19 between March 1 to April 15, 2020, and had positive results for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).<br><br>Exposures: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from a nasopharyngeal specimen using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay.<br><br>Main Outcomes and Measures: Severe disease as defined by the requirement for mechanical ventilation.<br><br>Results: Among 50 patients, 27 (54%) were boys and 25 (50%) were Hispanic. The median days from onset of symptoms to admission was 2 days (interquartile range, 1-5 days). Most patients (40 [80%]) had fever or respiratory symptoms (32 [64%]), but 3 patients (6%) with only gastrointestinal tract presentations were identified. Obesity (11 [22%]) was the most prevalent comorbidity. Respiratory support was required for 16 patients (32%), including 9 patients (18%) who required mechanical ventilation. One patient (2%) died. None of 14 infants and 1 of 8 immunocompromised patients had severe disease. Obesity was significantly associated with mechanical ventilation in children 2 years or older (6 of 9 [67%] vs 5 of 25 [20%]; P = .03). Lymphopenia was commonly observed at admission (36 [72%]) but did not differ significantly between those with and without severe disease. Those with severe disease had significantly higher C-reactive protein (median, 8.978 mg/dL [to convert to milligrams per liter, multiply by 10] vs 0.64 mg/dL) and procalcitonin levels (median, 0.31 ng/mL vs 0.17 ng/mL) at admission (P < .001), as well as elevated peak interleukin 6, ferritin, and D-dimer levels during hospitalization. Hydroxychloroquine was administered to 15 patients (30%) but could not be completed for 3. Prolonged test positivity (maximum of 27 days) was observed in 4 patients (8%).<br><br>Conclusions and Relevance: In this case series study of children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19, the disease had diverse manifestations. Infants and immunocompromised patients were not at increased risk of severe disease. Obesity was significantly associated with disease severity. Elevated inflammatory markers were seen in those with severe disease.},
}
@article {pmid32492089,
year = {2020},
author = {Bekelman, JE and Emanuel, EJ and Navathe, AS},
title = {Outpatient Treatment at Home for Medicare Beneficiaries During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.9017},
pmid = {32492089},
issn = {1538-3598},
}
@article {pmid32492084,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, L and Zhang, W and Hu, Y and Tong, X and Zheng, S and Yang, J and Kong, Y and Ren, L and Wei, Q and Mei, H and Hu, C and Tao, C and Yang, R and Wang, J and Yu, Y and Guo, Y and Wu, X and Xu, Z and Zeng, L and Xiong, N and Chen, L and Wang, J and Man, N and Liu, Y and Xu, H and Deng, E and Zhang, X and Li, C and Wang, C and Su, S and Zhang, L and Wang, J and Wu, Y and Liu, Z},
title = {Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial.},
journal = {JAMA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2020.10044},
pmid = {32492084},
issn = {1538-3598},
abstract = {Importance: Convalescent plasma is a potential therapeutic option for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but further data from randomized clinical trials are needed.<br><br>Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with COVID-19.<br><br>Open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial performed in 7 medical centers in Wuhan, China, from February 14, 2020, to April 1, 2020, with final follow-up April 28, 2020. The trial included 103 participants with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 that was severe (respiratory distress and/or hypoxemia) or life-threatening (shock, organ failure, or requiring mechanical ventilation). The trial was terminated early after 103 of a planned 200 patients were enrolled.<br><br>Intervention: Convalescent plasma in addition to standard treatment (n = 52) vs standard treatment alone (control) (n = 51), stratified by disease severity.<br><br>Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome was time to clinical improvement within 28 days, defined as patient discharged alive or reduction of 2 points on a 6-point disease severity scale (ranging from 1 [discharge] to 6 [death]). Secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, time to discharge, and the rate of viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results turned from positive at baseline to negative at up to 72 hours.<br><br>Results: Of 103 patients who were randomized (median age, 70 years; 60 [58.3%] male), 101 (98.1%) completed the trial. Clinical improvement occurred within 28 days in 51.9% (27/52) of the convalescent plasma group vs 43.1% (22/51) in the control group (difference, 8.8% [95% CI, -10.4% to 28.0%]; hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 0.79-2.49]; P = .26). Among those with severe disease, the primary outcome occurred in 91.3% (21/23) of the convalescent plasma group vs 68.2% (15/22) of the control group (HR, 2.15 [95% CI, 1.07-4.32]; P = .03); among those with life-threatening disease the primary outcome occurred in 20.7% (6/29) of the convalescent plasma group vs 24.1% (7/29) of the control group (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.30-2.63]; P = .83) (P for interaction = .17). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (15.7% vs 24.0%; OR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.29-1.46]; P = .30) or time from randomization to discharge (51.0% vs 36.0% discharged by day 28; HR, 1.61 [95% CI, 0.88-2.93]; P = .12). Convalescent plasma treatment was associated with a negative conversion rate of viral PCR at 72 hours in 87.2% of the convalescent plasma group vs 37.5% of the control group (OR, 11.39 [95% CI, 3.91-33.18]; P < .001). Two patients in the convalescent plasma group experienced adverse events within hours after transfusion that improved with supportive care.<br><br>Conclusion and Relevance: Among patients with severe or life-threatening COVID-19, convalescent plasma therapy added to standard treatment, compared with standard treatment alone, did not result in a statistically significant improvement in time to clinical improvement within 28 days. Interpretation is limited by early termination of the trial, which may have been underpowered to detect a clinically important difference.<br><br>Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000029757.},
}
@article {pmid32492045,
year = {2020},
author = {Iannone, P and Castellini, G and Coclite, D and Napoletano, A and Fauci, AJ and Iacorossi, L and D'Angelo, D and Renzi, C and La Torre, G and Mastroianni, CM and Gianola, S},
title = {The need of health policy perspective to protect Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 pandemic. A GRADE rapid review on the N95 respirators effectiveness.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {15},
number = {6},
pages = {e0234025},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0234025},
pmid = {32492045},
issn = {1932-6203},
abstract = {Protecting Health Care Workers (HCWs) during routine care of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients is of paramount importance to halt the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2) pandemic. The WHO, ECDC and CDC have issued conflicting guidelines on the use of respiratory filters (N95) by HCWs. We searched PubMed, Embase and The Cochrane Library from the inception to March 21, 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing N95 respirators versus surgical masks for prevention of COVID-19 or any other respiratory infection among HCWs. The grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Four RCTs involving 8736 HCWs were included. We did not find any trial specifically on prevention of COVID-19. However, wearing N95 respirators can prevent 73 more (95% CI 46-91) clinical respiratory infections per 1000 HCWs compared to surgical masks (2 RCTs; 2594 patients; low quality of evidence). A protective effect of N95 respirators in laboratory-confirmed bacterial colonization (RR = 0.41; 95%CI 0.28-0.61) was also found. A trend in favour of N95 respirators was observed in preventing laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infections, laboratory-confirmed respiratory infection, and influenza like illness. We found no direct high quality evidence on whether N95 respirators are better than surgical masks for HCWs protection from SARS-CoV-2. However, low quality evidence suggests that N95 respirators protect HCWs from clinical respiratory infections. This finding should be contemplated to decide the best strategy to support the resilience of healthcare systems facing the potentially catastrophic SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32491989,
year = {2020},
author = {Moller, AD},
title = {[COVID-19: Swiftness and solidarity].},
journal = {Laeknabladid},
volume = {106},
number = {6},
pages = {289},
doi = {10.17992/lbl.2020.06.583},
pmid = {32491989},
issn = {1670-4959},
}
@article {pmid32491984,
year = {2020},
author = {Lechien, JR and Chetrit, A and Chekkoury-Idrissi, Y and Distinguin, L and Circiu, M and Saussez, S and Berradja, N and Edjlali, M and Hans, S and Carlier, R},
title = {Parotitis-Like Symptoms Associated with COVID-19, France, March-April 2020.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {9},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2609.202059},
pmid = {32491984},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {We report the clinical features of 3 patients in France who had parotitis (inflammation of the parotid salivary glands) as a clinical manifestation of confirmed coronavirus disease. Results from magnetic resonance imaging support the occurrence of intraparotid lymphadenitis, leading to a parotitis-like clinical picture.},
}
@article {pmid32491983,
year = {2020},
author = {Fischer, RJ and Morris, DH and van Doremalen, N and Sarchette, S and Matson, MJ and Bushmaker, T and Yinda, CK and Seifert, SN and Gamble, A and Williamson, BN and Judson, SD and de Wit, E and Lloyd-Smith, JO and Munster, VJ},
title = {Effectiveness of N95 Respirator Decontamination and Reuse against SARS-CoV-2 Virus.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {9},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2609.201524},
pmid = {32491983},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {The coronavirus pandemic has created worldwide shortages of N95 respirators. We analyzed 4 decontamination methods for effectiveness in deactivating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and effect on respirator function. Our results indicate that N95 respirators can be decontaminated and reused, but the integrity of respirator fit and seal must be maintained.},
}
@article {pmid32491982,
year = {2020},
author = {Lui, G and Lai, CKC and Chen, Z and Tong, SLY and Ho, WCS and Yeung, ACM and Boon, SS and Ng, RWY and Chan, PKS},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection on Disposable Wooden Chopsticks, Hong Kong.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {9},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2609.202135},
pmid = {32491982},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {We detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA on disposable wooden chopsticks used by 5 consecutive asymptomatic and postsymptomatic patients admitted for isolation and care at our hospital. Although we did not assess virus viability, our findings may suggest potential for transmission through shared eating utensils.},
}
@article {pmid32491980,
year = {2020},
author = {Gerritsen, DL and Oude Voshaar, RC},
title = {The effects of the COVID-19 virus on mental healthcare for older people in The Netherlands.},
journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-10},
doi = {10.1017/S1041610220001040},
pmid = {32491980},
issn = {1741-203X},
}
@article {pmid32491963,
year = {2020},
author = {Ehni, HJ and Wahl, HW},
title = {Six Propositions against Ageism in the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of aging &amp; social policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-11},
doi = {10.1080/08959420.2020.1770032},
pmid = {32491963},
issn = {1545-0821},
abstract = {The risk of developing severe illness from COVID-19 and of dying from it increases with age. This statistical association has led to numerous highly problematic policy suggestions and comments revealing underlying ageist attitudes and promoting age discrimination. Such attitudes are based on negative stereotypes on the health and functioning of older adults. As a result, the lives of older people are disvalued, including in possible triage situations and in the potential limitation of some measures against the spread of the pandemic to older adults. These outcomes are unjustified and unethical. We develop six propositions against the ageism underlying these suggestions to spur a more adequate response to the current pandemic in which the needs and dignity of older people are respected.},
}
@article {pmid32491949,
year = {2020},
author = {Lingappan, K and Karmouty-Quintana, H and Davies, J and Akkanti, B and Harting, MT},
title = {Understanding the age divide in COVID-19: Why are children overwhelmingly spared?.},
journal = {American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1152/ajplung.00183.2020},
pmid = {32491949},
issn = {1522-1504},
support = {R01HL144775//HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI)/ ; R01HL146395//HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI)/ ; },
abstract = {The rapid emergence and subsequent global dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19) has resulted in over 4 million cases worldwide. The disease has a marked predilection for adults, and children are relatively spared. Understanding the age-based differences in pathophysiological pathways and processes relevant to the onset and progression of disease both in the clinical course and in experimental disease models may hold the key to the identification of therapeutic targets. The differences in the clinical course are highlighted by the lack of progression of the SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond mild symptoms in a majority of children, while in adults, the disease progresses to acute lung injury and an ARDS-like phenotype with high mortality. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to decreased lung injury in children may involve the decreased expression of the mediators necessary for viral entry into the respiratory epithelium and differences in the immune system responses in children. Specifically, decreased expression of proteins, including angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) in the airway epithelium in children may prevent viral entry. The immune system differences may include a relative preponderance of CD4+T-cells, decreased neutrophil infiltration, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased production of immunomodulatory cytokines in children compared to adults. Notably, the developing lung in children may have a greater capacity to recover and repair after viral infection. Understanding the relative contribution of the above processes to the protective phenotype in the developing lung can guide the trial of the appropriate therapies in adults.},
}
@article {pmid32491920,
year = {2020},
author = {Walensky, RP and McQuillen, DP and Shahbazi, S and Goodson, JD},
title = {Where Is the ID in COVID-19?.},
journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.7326/M20-2684},
pmid = {32491920},
issn = {1539-3704},
}
@article {pmid32491919,
year = {2020},
author = {Oran, DP and Topol, EJ},
title = {Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review.},
journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.7326/M20-3012},
pmid = {32491919},
issn = {1539-3704},
abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly throughout the world since the first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were observed in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It has been suspected that infected persons who remain asymptomatic play a significant role in the ongoing pandemic, but their relative number and effect have been uncertain. The authors sought to review and synthesize the available evidence on asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Asymptomatic persons seem to account for approximately 40% to 45% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, and they can transmit the virus to others for an extended period, perhaps longer than 14 days. Asymptomatic infection may be associated with subclinical lung abnormalities, as detected by computed tomography. Because of the high risk for silent spread by asymptomatic persons, it is imperative that testing programs include those without symptoms. To supplement conventional diagnostic testing, which is constrained by capacity, cost, and its one-off nature, innovative tactics for public health surveillance, such as crowdsourcing digital wearable data and monitoring sewage sludge, might be helpful.},
}
@article {pmid32491888,
year = {2020},
author = {Faranda, D and Castillo, IP and Hulme, O and Jezequel, A and Lamb, JSW and Sato, Y and Thompson, EL},
title = {Asymptotic estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection counts and their sensitivity to stochastic perturbation.},
journal = {Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)},
volume = {30},
number = {5},
pages = {051107},
doi = {10.1063/5.0008834},
pmid = {32491888},
issn = {1089-7682},
abstract = {Despite the importance of having robust estimates of the time-asymptotic total number of infections, early estimates of COVID-19 show enormous fluctuations. Using COVID-19 data from different countries, we show that predictions are extremely sensitive to the reporting protocol and crucially depend on the last available data point before the maximum number of daily infections is reached. We propose a physical explanation for this sensitivity, using a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model, where the parameters are stochastically perturbed to simulate the difficulty in detecting patients, different confinement measures taken by different countries, as well as changes in the virus characteristics. Our results suggest that there are physical and statistical reasons to assign low confidence to statistical and dynamical fits, despite their apparently good statistical scores. These considerations are general and can be applied to other epidemics.},
}
@article {pmid32491829,
year = {2020},
author = {Singal, CMS and Jaiswal, P and Seth, P},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 more than a respiratory virus: Its potential role in neuropathogenesis.},
journal = {ACS chemical neuroscience},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00251},
pmid = {32491829},
issn = {1948-7193},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has emerged as one of the major outbreaks to be mentioned in history in coming times. Like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory virus infecting the lungs with fever, dry cough and acute pneumonia being the major symptoms. It infects the epithelial cells expressing Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is crucial for the viral entry. Based on evolving clinical evidence, it is now unfitting to label SARS-CoV-2 as just a respiratory virus, as lately there are various reports that substantiate its pathogenicity in other organs of the body, including brain. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to SARS and MERS along with possibilities of viral entry into central nervous system (CNS) tissues. The review provides detailed information about the virulence, epidemiology and insights into molecular pathways involved in the infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, along with in-depth view of current concepts about the neurological significance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its neuropathological competence. The review also touches upon our current understanding of placental transmission of SARS-CoV-2, an important aspect of vertical transmission. Furthermore, the review provides the current update on strategies that have been used, being used or under trial for treating the disease.},
}
@article {pmid32491306,
year = {2020},
author = {Laureano, AFS and Riboldi, M},
title = {The different tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 - A review in Brazil so far.},
journal = {JBRA assisted reproduction},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5935/1518-0557.20200046},
pmid = {32491306},
issn = {1518-0557},
abstract = {SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus from the coronavirus family that emerged in the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The virus is now widespread and causing the current pandemic of COVID-19, a highly pathogenic viral pneumonia, commonly presented with fever and cough, which frequently lead to lower respiratory tract disease with poor clinical outcomes associated with older age and underlying health conditions. Supportive care for patients is typically the standard protocol because no specific effective antiviral therapies have been identified so far. The current outbreak is challenging governments and health authorities all over the world. In here we present a comparison among the current diagnostic tools and kits being used to test Brazilian population.},
}
@article {pmid32491298,
year = {2020},
author = {Sierpiński, R and Pinkas, J and Jankowski, M and Zgliczyński, WS and Wierzba, W and Gujski, M and Szumowski, Ł},
title = {Gender differences in the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders among 1,942 non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19.},
journal = {Polish archives of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.20452/pamw.15414},
pmid = {32491298},
issn = {1897-9483},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a communicable disease caused by novel coronavirus.<br><br>OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess self-reported frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Poland.<br><br>PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between April 17 and 18, 2020, among 4,516 non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Poland. The questionnaire included eight questions related to the health status, symptoms of COVID-19, comorbidities, and smoking status.<br><br>RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were obtained from 1,942 patients with COVID-19, a response rate of 43%. The median age of the respondents was 50 years; 60.2% were women. Among non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 21.3% had hypertension, 4.5% had diabetes, and 3.1% of COVID-19 cases had chronic respiratory disease. Regular tobacco use was declared by 11.2% of patients with COVID-19. At least one gastrointestinal symptom was reported by 53.6% of patients. Almost half of patients (47%) with COVID-19 reported lack of appetite and 24.2% reported diarrhea. Among 1,942 interviewed patients, 54.2% reported at least one olfactory or taste disorder and 42.5% reported both alterations. Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders were 49.2% and 47.5%, respectively. Self-reported frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders during COVID-19 course was significantly higher (p<0.001) among women than men.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that olfactory and taste disorders are frequent symptoms in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients. Moreover, our study indicates gender differences in the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders among non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32491297,
year = {2020},
author = {Gerli, AG and Centanni, S and Miozzo, MR and Virchow, JC and Sotgiu, G and Canonica, GW and Soriano, JB},
title = {COVID-19 mortality rates in the European Union, Switzerland, and the UK: effect of timeliness, lockdown rigidity, and population density.},
journal = {Minerva medica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.23736/S0026-4806.20.06702-6},
pmid = {32491297},
issn = {1827-1669},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: To date the European experience with COVID-19 mortality has been different to the observed in China and Asia. We aimed to forecast mortality trends in the 27 countries of the European Union (EU), plus Switzerland and the United Kingdom (UK), where lockdown dates and confinement interventions have been heterogeneous, and to explore its determinants.<br><br>METHODS: We have adapted our predictive model of COVID-19-related mortality, which rested on the observed mortality within the first weeks of the outbreak and the date of the respective lockdown in each country. It was applied in a training set of three countries (Italy, Germany and Spain), and then applied to the EU plus the UK and Switzerland. In addition, we explored the effects of timeliness and rigidity of the lockdown (on a five-step scale) and population density in our forecasts. We report r2, and percent variation of expected versus observed deaths, all following TRIPOD guidance.<br><br>RESULTS: We identified a homogeneous distribution of deaths, and found a median of 24 days after lockdown adoption to reach the maximum daily deaths. Strikingly, cumulative deaths up to April 25th, 2020 observed in Europe separated countries in three waves, according to the time lockdown measures were adopted following the onset of the outbreak: after a week, within a week, or even prior to the outbreak (r2=0.876). In contrast, no correlation neither with lockdown rigidity nor population density were observed.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The European experience confirms that early, effective interventions of 86 lockdown are fundamental to minimizing the COVID-19 death toll.},
}
@article {pmid32491268,
year = {2020},
author = {Erdogan, C},
title = {Improvement of physical training by performance enhancing substances.},
journal = {Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13517},
doi = {10.1111/apha.13517},
pmid = {32491268},
issn = {1748-1716},
abstract = {Currently the Covid-19 pandemic forces almost every country to take drastic measures in order to stop the spread of the virus. These include the avoidance of close contact to other humans, staying at home whenever possible and the closure of gyms or sport clubs. Now that people are more or less bound to their home, it is even more important to stay physically active. The occasional walks between sofa and fridge are not enough to keep your body in shape. But why is exercise so important and is there anything one can take to get the most out of every single training session?.},
}
@article {pmid32491257,
year = {2020},
author = {Yang, S and Zhang, Y and Shen, J and Dai, Y and Ling, Y and Lu, H and Zhang, R and Ding, X and Qi, H and Shi, Y and Zhang, Z and Shan, F},
title = {Clinical Potential of UTE-MRI for Assessing COVID-19: Patient- and Lesion-Based Comparative Analysis.},
journal = {Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jmri.27208},
pmid = {32491257},
issn = {1522-2586},
support = {20441900600//Novel Coronavirus Special Research Foundation of the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission/ ; //Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission/ ; //Research Foundation/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chest computed tomography (CT) has shown tremendous clinical potential for screening, diagnosis, and surveillance of COVID-19. However, safety concerns are warranted due to repeated exposure of X-rays over a short period of time. Recent advances in MRI suggested that ultrashort echo time MRI (UTE-MRI) was valuable for pulmonary applications.<br><br>PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of UTE-MRI for assessing COVID-19.<br><br>STUDY TYPE: Prospective.<br><br>POPULATION: In all, 23 patients with COVID-19 and with an average interval of 2.81 days between hospital admission and image examination.<br><br>FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3T; Respiratory-gated three-dimensional radial UTE pulse sequence.<br><br>ASSESSMENT: Image quality score. Patient- and lesion-based interobserver and intermethod agreement for identifying the representative image findings of COVID-19.<br><br>STATISTICAL TESTS: Wilcoxon-rank sum test, Kendall's coefficient of concordance (Kendall's W), intraclass coefficients (ICCs), and weighted kappa statistics.<br><br>RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the image quality of CT and UTE-MRI (CT vs. UTE-MRI: 4.3 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.5, P = 0.09). Moreover, both patient- and lesion-based interobserver agreement of CT and UTE-MRI for evaluating the image signs of COVID-19 were determined as excellent (ICC: 0.939-1.000, P < 0.05; Kendall's W: 0.894-1.000, P < 0.05.). In addition, the intermethod agreement of two image modalities for assessing the representative findings of COVID-19 including affected lobes, total severity score, ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, GGO with consolidation, the number of crazy paving pattern, and linear opacities, as well as pseudocavity were all determined as substantial or excellent (kappa: 0.649-1.000, P < 0.05; ICC: 0.913-1.000, P < 0.05).<br><br>DATA CONCLUSION: Pulmonary MRI with UTE is valuable for assessing the representative image findings of COVID-19 with a high concordance to CT.<br><br>EVIDENCE LEVEL: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 3.},
}
@article {pmid32491254,
year = {2020},
author = {Searle, T and Al-Niaimi, F and Ali, FR},
title = {Dermatological insights from Google Trends: what does the public think is important during COVID-19 lockdown?.},
journal = {Clinical and experimental dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ced.14319},
pmid = {32491254},
issn = {1365-2230},
abstract = {In the United Kingdom, Google is often the search engine used to explore information relating to many aspects of people's lives, including dermatological advice and information. The frequency of searching for particular terms could indicate the relative importance that the public assigns to various conditions and is dynamic, fluctuating in different societal contexts, such as during a pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32491234,
year = {2020},
author = {Bosch-Amate, X and Giavedoni, P and Podlipnik, S and Andreu-Febrer, C and Sanz-Beltran, J and Garcia-Herrera, A and Alós, L and Mascaró, JM},
title = {Retiform purpura as a dermatological sign of covid-19 coagulopathy.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16689},
pmid = {32491234},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide to become a pandemic. Multiple skin manifestations related to the infection have been described progressively. Recalcati1 asserted that 20.4% of infected patients developed cutaneous manifestations and Galván-Casas et al2 have recently proposed 5 clinical patterns (pseudo-chilblain, vesicular, urticarial, maculopapular and livedo/necrosis). We report a case of COVID-19 with retiform purpura and its histopathological correlation.},
}
@article {pmid32491223,
year = {2020},
author = {Gaspari, V and Neri, I and Misciali, C and Patrizi, A},
title = {COVID-19: how it can look on the skin. Clinical and pathological features in twenty COVID-19 patients observed in Bologna, northeastern Italy.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16693},
pmid = {32491223},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Global public health is currently dealing with the explosive spread of the novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [1]. This new type of viral pneumonia, spread from its first focus in Wuhan (Hubei, China) to across all the world, until a pandemic condition was declared. Clinically. the most common symptoms of the disease are cough and fever. More than 80% of patients have asymptomatic to moderate disease, but about 15% get severe pneumonia and 5% develope a multi-organ failure [2].},
}
@article {pmid32491214,
year = {2020},
author = {Sacchelli, L and Viviani, F and Orioni, G and Rucci, P and Rosa, S and Lanzoni, A and Patrizi, A and Gaspari, V},
title = {Sexually Transmitted Infections during the COVID-19 outbreak: comparison of patients referring to the service of sexually transmitted diseases during the sanitary emergency with those referring during the common practice.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16694},
pmid = {32491214},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and diseases (STDs) affect millions of people every year worldwide1 . In Italy, data are provided by the Italian National Institute of Health (INIH) and reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)2,3 . In 1991 and 2009 the Italian sentinel surveillance system was established, consisting in 25 public centers (12 clinical, 13 laboratories) on the national field for diagnosis, treatment and data transmission to the INIH4 . The STDs service of Dermatology, Bologna belongs to it and is a free-access service (7.30-11 am) from Monday to Friday, with a patient flow of 50 patients/day.},
}
@article {pmid32491212,
year = {2020},
author = {Nizzoli, ME and Merati, G and Tenore, A and Picone, C and Consensi, E and Perotti, L and Ferretti, VV and Sambo, M and Di Sabatino, A and Iotti, GA and Arcaini, L and Bruno, R and Belliato, M},
title = {Circulating endothelial cells in COVID-19.},
journal = {American journal of hematology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ajh.25881},
pmid = {32491212},
issn = {1096-8652},
}
@article {pmid32491204,
year = {2020},
author = {Bothra, A and Das, S and Singh, M and Pawar, M and Maheswari, A},
title = {Retroauricular dermatitis with vehement use of ear loop face masks during COVID19 pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16692},
pmid = {32491204},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic forged theexponential use of masks of various kinds, not just by health workers but also by general population as a personal protective equipment (PPE). Although contact dermatitis due to PPE is well reported, mask induced dermatitis is a relatively unexplored phenomenon. In this article, we report a preliminary data of patients experiencing retroauricaular dermatitis due to ear loop face masks.},
}
@article {pmid32491199,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, L and Yang, R and Wang, J and Lv, Q and Ren, M and Zhao, L and Chen, H and Xu, H and Xie, S and Xie, J and Lin, H and Li, W and Fang, P and Gong, L and Gao, X and Wang, L and Wu, Y and Liu, Z},
title = {Feasibility of a Pilot Program for COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Collection in Wuhan, China.},
journal = {Transfusion},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/trf.15921},
pmid = {32491199},
issn = {1537-2995},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus has caused an international outbreak. Currently, there are no specific therapeutic agents for coronavirus infections. Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy is a potentially effective treatment option.<br><br>METHODS: Patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and had been discharged from the hospital for more than two weeks were recruited. COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP)-specific donor screening and selection were performed based the following criteria: 1) aged 18-55 years; 2) eligible for blood donation; 3) diagnosed with COVID-19; 4) had two consecutive negative COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab tests based on PCR (at least 24 h apart) prior to hospital discharge; 5) had been discharged from the hospital for more than 2 weeks; and 6) had no COVID-19 symptoms prior to convalescent plasma donation. In addition, preference was given to CCP donors who had a fever lasting more than 3 days or a body temperature exceeding 38.5 Celsius, and 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms. CCP collection was performed using routine plasma collection procedures via plasmapheresis. In addition to routine donor testing, the CCP donors' plasma was also tested for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and S-RBD-specific IgG antibody.<br><br>RESULTS: Of the 81 potential CCP donors, 64 (79%) plasma products were collected. There were 18 female donors and 46 male donors. There were 34 first-time blood donors and 30 repeat donors. The average time between CCP collection and initial symptom onset was 49.1 days, and the average time between CCP collection and hospital discharge was 38.7 days. The average volume of CCP collected was 327.7 ml. All Alanine transaminase (ALT) testing results met blood donation requirements. HIV Ag/Ab, anti-HCV, anti-syphilis and HBsAg were all negative; NAT for HIV, HBV, and HCV were also negative. In addition, all of the CCP donors' plasma units were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Of the total 64 CCP donors tested, only one had an S-RBD-specific IgG titer of 1:160, all others had a titer of ≥1:320.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Based on a feasibility study of a pilot CCP program in Wuhan China, we demonstrated the success and feasibility of CCP collection. In addition, all of the CCP units collected had a titer of ≥ 1:160 for S-RBD-specific IgG antibody, which met the CCP quality control requirements based on the Chinese national guidelines for CCP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
}
@article {pmid32491194,
year = {2020},
author = {Tutton, MG},
title = {Colorectal cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11734},
pmid = {32491194},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32491190,
year = {2020},
author = {Fu, D and Zhang, P and Wang, L and Liu, W and Tan, H and Di, M and Cai, M and Zhang, P and Tao, K and Wang, G and Jiang, C and Wang, Z},
title = {Emergency abdominal surgery in COVID-19 patients: a note of caution from Wuhan.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11722},
pmid = {32491190},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32491178,
year = {2020},
author = {Zou, Y and Wang, BR and Sun, L and Xu, S and Kong, YG and Shen, LJ and Liang, GT and Chen, SM},
title = {The issue of recurrently positive patients who recovered from COVID-19 according to the current discharge criteria: investigation of patients from multiple medical institutions in Wuhan, China.},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiaa301},
pmid = {32491178},
issn = {1537-6613},
abstract = {The current discharge criteria for COVID-19 require that patients have two consecutive negative results for RT-PCR detection. Here, we observed that recurrently positive RT-PCR test results in patients with three consecutive negative results (3xNegRPos, 5.4%) were significantly decreased compared with those in patients with two consecutive negative results (2xNegRPos, 20.6%); such patients reported positive RT-PCR test results within 1 to 12 days after meeting the discharge criteria. These results confirmed that many recovered patients could show a positive RT-PCR test result, and most of these patients could be identified by an additional RT-PCR test prior to discharge.},
}
@article {pmid32491116,
year = {2020},
author = {Rod, JE and Oviedo-Trespalacios, O and Cortes-Ramirez, J},
title = {A brief-review of the risk factors for covid-19 severity.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {60},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002481},
pmid = {32491116},
issn = {1518-8787},
abstract = {The World Health Organization has emphasized that one of the most important questions to address regarding the covid-19 pandemic is to understand risk factors for disease severity. We conducted a brief review that synthesizes the available evidence and provides a judgment on the consistency of the association between risk factors and a composite end-point of severe-fatal covid-19. Additionally, we also conducted a comparability analysis of risk factors across 17 studies. We found evidence supporting a total of 60 predictors for disease severity, of which seven were deemed of high consistency, 40 of medium and 13 of low. Among the factors with high consistency of association, we found age, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, albumin, body temperature, SOFA score and diabetes. The results suggest that diabetes might be the most consistent comorbidity predicting disease severity and that future research should carefully consider the comparability of reporting cases, factors, and outcomes along the different stages of the natural history of covid-19.},
}
@article {pmid32491112,
year = {2020},
author = {Ribeiro, H and Santana, KVS and Oliver, SL and Rondó, PHC and Mendes, MM and Charlton, K and Lanham-New, S},
title = {Does Vitamin D play a role in the management of Covid-19 in Brazil?.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {53},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002545},
pmid = {32491112},
issn = {1518-8787},
abstract = {The study discusses the possible role of adequate vitamin D status in plasma or serum for preventing acute respiratory infections during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our arguments respond to an article, published in Italy, that describes the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in older Italian women and raises the possible preventive and therapeutic role of optimal vitamin D levels. Based on literature review, we highlight the findings regarding the protective role of vitamin D for infectious diseases of the respiratory system. However, randomized controlled trials are currently lacking. Adequate vitamin D status is obtained from sun exposure and foods rich in vitamin D. Studies in Brazil have shown that hypovitaminosis D is quite common in spite of high insolation. Authors recommend ecological, epidemiological and randomized controlled trials studies to verify this hypothesis.},
}
@article {pmid32491108,
year = {2020},
author = {Silva, CMD and Arbilla, G},
title = {COVID-19: challenges for a new epoch.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200270},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0270-2020},
pmid = {32491108},
issn = {1678-9849},
}
@article {pmid32491104,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhu, J and Zhou, W and Zhou, M and Liu, Y and Yang, J and Li, H and Zhao, X},
title = {Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for a critical case of novel coronavirus pneumonia treated with glucocorticoids and non-invasive ventilator treatment.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200227},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0227-2020},
pmid = {32491104},
issn = {1678-9849},
abstract = {The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak occurred in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. Here, we report the clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for a case of severe NCP. The patient was started on glucocorticoids and non-invasive ventilator treatment. After treatment, the patient's symptoms improved, and the status was confirmed as NCP negative. Our results may provide clues for the treatment of NCP.},
}
@article {pmid32491103,
year = {2020},
author = {Moreira, BL and Santana, PRP and Zanetti, G and Marchiori, E},
title = {COVID-19 and acute pulmonary embolism: what should be considered to indicate a computed tomography pulmonary angiography scan?.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200267},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0267-2020},
pmid = {32491103},
issn = {1678-9849},
abstract = {The full spectrum of COVID-19 is still emerging, although several studies have highlighted that patients infected with the novel coronavirus can potentially develop a hypercoagulable state. However, several aspects related to the incidence and pathophysiology of the association between COVID-19 and pulmonary embolism are not well established. Here, we present a case of a patient with COVID-19 who developed acute pulmonary embolism. Clinical and laboratory data and findings of non-enhanced CT indicate possibility of acute pulmonary embolism, and support the decision to proceed with computed tomography pulmonary angiography that can objectively identify filling defects in pulmonary arterial branches.},
}
@article {pmid32491101,
year = {2020},
author = {Souza, CDF},
title = {War economy and the COVID-19 pandemic: Inequalities in stimulus packages as an additional challenge for health systems.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200245},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0245-2020},
pmid = {32491101},
issn = {1678-9849},
}
@article {pmid32491098,
year = {2020},
author = {Andrade, LA and Gomes, DS and Góes, MAO and Souza, MSF and Teixeira, DCP and Ribeiro, CJN and Alves, JAB and Araújo, KCGM and Santos, ADD},
title = {Surveillance of the first cases of COVID-19 in Sergipe using a prospective spatiotemporal analysis: the spatial dispersion and its public health implications.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200287},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0287-2020},
pmid = {32491098},
issn = {1678-9849},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health emergency with lethality ranging from 1% to 5%. This study aimed to identify active high-risk transmission clusters of COVID-19 in Sergipe.<br><br>METHODS: We performed a prospective space-time analysis using confirmed cases of COVID-19 during the first 7 weeks of the outbreak in Sergipe.<br><br>RESULTS: The prospective space-time statistic detected &quot;active&quot; and emerging spatio-temporal clusters comprising six municipalities in the south-central region of the state.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The Geographic Information System (GIS) associated with spatio-temporal scan statistics can provide timely support for surveillance and assist in decision-making.},
}
@article {pmid32491096,
year = {2020},
author = {Costa, MF},
title = {Health belief model for coronavirus infection risk determinants.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {47},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002494},
pmid = {32491096},
issn = {1518-8787},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE To use the advantages of a ratio scale with verbal anchors in order to measure the risk perception in the novel coronavirus infection, which causes covid-19, in a health belief model-based questionnaire, as well as its validity and reproducibility. METHOD We used the health belief model, which explores four dimensions: perceived susceptibility (five questions), perceived severity (five questions), perceived benefits (five questions), and perceived barriers (five questions). Additionally, we included a fifth dimension, called pro-health motivation (four questions). The questions composed an electronic questionnaire disseminated by social networks for an one-week period. Answers were quantitative values of subjective representations, obtained by a psychophysically constructed scale with verbal anchors ratio (CentiMax ®). Mean time for total filling was 12 minutes (standard deviation = 1.6). RESULTS We obtained 277 complete responses to the form. One was excluded because it belonged to a participant under 18 years old. Reproducibility measures were significant for 22 of the 24 questions in our questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.883). Convergent validity was attested by Spearman-Brown's split half reliability coefficient (r = 0.882). Significant differences among groups were more intense in perceived susceptibility and severity dimensions, and less in perceived benefits and barriers. CONCLUSION Our health belief model-based questionnaire using quantitative measures enabled the confirmation of popular beliefs about covid-19 infection risks. The advantage in our approach lays in the possibility of quickly, directly and quantitatively identifying individual belief profiles for each dimension in the questionnaire, serving as a great ally for communication processes and public health education.},
}
@article {pmid32491094,
year = {2020},
author = {Silva, DARD and Pimentel, RFW and Merces, MCD},
title = {Covid-19 and the pandemic of fear: reflections on mental health.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {46},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002486},
pmid = {32491094},
issn = {1518-8787},
}
@article {pmid32491091,
year = {2020},
author = {Rezende, LFM and Thome, B and Schveitzer, MC and Souza-Júnior, PRB and Szwarcwald, CL},
title = {Adults at high-risk of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) in Brazil.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {50},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002596},
pmid = {32491091},
issn = {1518-8787},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE To estimate the proportion and total number of the general adult population who may be at higher risk of severe Covid-19 in Brazil. METHODS We included 51,770 participants from a nationally representative, household-based health survey (PNS) conducted in Brazil. We estimated the proportion and number of adults (≥ 18 years) at risk of severe Covid-19 by sex, educational level, race/ethnicity, and state based on the presence of one or more of the following risk factors: age ≥ 65 years or medical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory disease, cancer, stroke, chronic kidney disease and moderate to severe asthma, smoking status, and obesity. RESULTS Adults at risk of severe Covid-19 in Brazil varied from 34.0% (53 million) to 54.5% (86 million) nationwide. Less-educated adults present a 2-fold higher prevalence of risk factors compared to university graduated. We found no differences by sex and race/ethnicity. São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, and Rio Grande do Sul were the most vulnerable states in absolute and relative terms of adults at risk. CONCLUSIONS Proportion and total number of adults at risk of severe Covid-19 are high in Brazil, with wide variation across states and adult subgroups. These findings should be considered while designing and implementing prevention measures in Brazil. We argue that these results support broad social isolation measures, particularly when testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2 is limited.},
}
@article {pmid32491087,
year = {2020},
author = {Morsch, DS and Custódio, ZAO and Lamy, ZC},
title = {PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL CARE IN A NEONATAL UNIT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.},
journal = {Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo},
volume = {38},
number = {},
pages = {e2020119},
doi = {10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2020119},
pmid = {32491087},
issn = {1984-0462},
}
@article {pmid32491075,
year = {2020},
author = {Costa, JA and Silveira, JA and Santos, SCMD and Nogueira, PP},
title = {Cardiovascular Implications in Patients Infected with Covid-19 and the Importance of Social Isolation to Reduce Dissemination of the Disease.},
journal = {Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia},
volume = {114},
number = {5},
pages = {834-838},
doi = {10.36660/abc.20200243},
pmid = {32491075},
issn = {1678-4170},
abstract = {Respiratory symptoms, especially the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, dominate the discussion and initial concerns of the population and health professionals. However, the cardiovascular system is greatly affected by these conditions and is often responsible for complications and mortality of these patients. In order to show the cardiovascular implications in patients infected with COVID-19 and the importance of social isolation as an alternative to curb the spread of the disease, a literature review was carried out based on 37 articles, in English, Portuguese and Spanish, available on Scielo and PubMed. The findings showed that cardiac complications associated with COVID-19 infection are similar to those produced by: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and influenza. However, COVID-19 has a much greater and faster contamination and, unlike influenza, there is no vaccine or treatment available yet. In view of this, social isolation becomes a tool that can reduce and flatten the curve of cases and thus protect the people at higher risk, decreasing the chances of serious conditions related to the disease, potential deaths and the collapse of the country's health system.},
}
@article {pmid32491074,
year = {2020},
author = {Nascimento, JHP and Gomes, BFO and Carmo Júnior, PRD and Petriz, JLF and Rizk, SI and Costa, IBSDS and Lacerda, MVG and Bacal, F and Hajjar, LA and Oliveira, GMM},
title = {COVID-19 and Hypercoagulable State: A New Therapeutic Perspective.},
journal = {Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia},
volume = {114},
number = {5},
pages = {829-833},
doi = {10.36660/abc.20200308},
pmid = {32491074},
issn = {1678-4170},
}
@article {pmid32491073,
year = {2020},
author = {Askin, L and Tanrıverdi, O and Askin, HS},
title = {The Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Cardiovascular Diseases.},
journal = {Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia},
volume = {114},
number = {5},
pages = {817-822},
doi = {10.36660/abc.20200273},
pmid = {32491073},
issn = {1678-4170},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic affecting the world, seen in more than 1,300,000 patients. COVID-19 acts through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Cardiovascular comorbidities are more common with COVID-19, and nearly 10% of cases develop myocarditis (22% of critical patients). Further research is needed to continue or discontinue ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, which are essential in hypertension and heart failure in COVID-19. Intensive research is promising for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32491063,
year = {2020},
author = {Matos, MA},
title = {New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): advances to flatten the curve the prison population.},
journal = {Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {e20200219},
doi = {10.1590/0037-8682-0219-2020},
pmid = {32491063},
issn = {1678-9849},
}
@article {pmid32491053,
year = {2020},
author = {Pititto, BA and Ferreira, SRG},
title = {Diabetes and covid-19: more than the sum of two morbidities.},
journal = {Revista de saude publica},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {54},
doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002577},
pmid = {32491053},
issn = {1518-8787},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic has caused a public health emergency worldwide. Risk, severity and mortality of the disease have been associated with non-communicable chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Accumulated evidence has caused great concern in countries with high prevalence of this morbidity, such as Brazil. This text shows the picture of diabetes in Brazil, followed by epidemiological data and explanatory hypothesis for the association between diabetes and covid-19. We emphasized how the burden of these two morbidities in a middle-income country has aggravated this pandemic scenario. The comprehension of this association and biological plausibility may help face this pandemic and future challenges.},
}
@article {pmid32491034,
year = {2020},
author = {Telles, LEB and Valença, AM and Barros, AJS and da Silva, AG},
title = {Domestic violence in the COVID-19 pandemic: a forensic psychiatric perspective.},
journal = {Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1060},
pmid = {32491034},
issn = {1809-452X},
}
@article {pmid32491028,
year = {2020},
author = {Ribeiro, MAF and DE-Campos, T and Lima, DS and Marttos-Jr, AC and Pereira, BM},
title = {The trauma and acute care surgeon in the COVID-19 pandemic era.},
journal = {Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes},
volume = {47},
number = {},
pages = {e20202576},
doi = {10.1590/0100-6991e-20202576},
pmid = {32491028},
issn = {1809-4546},
abstract = {The World Health Organization recognized in March 2020 the existence of a pandemic for the new coronavirus that appeared in China, in late 2019, and whose disease was named COVID-19. In this context, the SBAIT (Brazilian Society of Integrated Care for Traumatized Patients) conducted a survey with 219 trauma and emergency surgeons regarding the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the role of the surgeon in this pandemic by means of an electronic survey. It was observed that surgeons have been acting under inadequate conditions, with a lack of basic supplies as well as more specific equipment such as N95 masks and facial shields for the care of potential victims who may be contaminated. The latter increases the risk of contamination of professionals, resulting in potential losses in the working teams. Immediate measures must be taken to guarantee access to safety equipment throughout the country, since all trauma victims and/or patients with emergency surgical conditions must be treated as potential carriers of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32491022,
year = {2020},
author = {Castro, REV and Garcez, FB and Avelino-Silva, TJ},
title = {Patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic: do not leave delirium behind.},
journal = {Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1048},
pmid = {32491022},
issn = {1809-452X},
}
@article {pmid32490972,
year = {2020},
author = {Emparan, JPO and Sardi-Correa, C and López-Ulloa, JA and Viteri-Soria, J and Penniecook, JA and Jimenez-Román, J and Lansingh, VC},
title = {COVID-19 and the eye: how much do we really know? A best evidence review.},
journal = {Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia},
volume = {83},
number = {3},
pages = {250-261},
doi = {10.5935/0004-2749.20200067},
pmid = {32490972},
issn = {1678-2925},
abstract = {To identify and classify available information regarding COVID-19 and eye care according to the level of evidence, within four main topics of interest: evidence of the virus in tears and the ocular surface, infection via the conjunctival route, ocular manifestations, and best practice recommendations. A structured review was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, LILACS, SciELO, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar on COVID-19 and ophthalmology. The Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence worksheet was used for quality assessments. 1018 items were identified in the search; 26 records were included in the qualitative synthesis, which encompassed 6 literature reviews, 10 case series or cross-sectional studies, 4 case reports, and 6 intervention descriptions. Seventeen out of 26 records (65%) were categorized as level 5 within the Oxford CBME methodology grading system, the rest were level 4. The evidence generated on COVID-19 and ophthalmology to date is limited, although this is understandable given the circumstances. Both the possible presence of viral particles in tears and conjunctiva, and the potential for conjunctival transmission remain controversial. Ocular manifestations are not frequent and could resemble viral infection of the ocular surface. Most recommendations are based on the strategies implemented by Asian countries during previous coronavirus outbreaks. There is a need for substantive studies evaluating these strategies in the setting of SARS-CoV-2. In the meantime, plans for applying these measures must be implemented with caution, taking into account the context of each individual country, and undergo regular evaluation.},
}
@article {pmid32490966,
year = {2020},
author = {Munhoz, RP and Pedroso, JL and Nascimento, FA and Almeida, SM and Barsottini, OGP and Cardoso, FEC and Teive, HAG},
title = {Neurological complications in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review.},
journal = {Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria},
volume = {78},
number = {5},
pages = {290-300},
doi = {10.1590/0004-282x20200051},
pmid = {32490966},
issn = {1678-4227},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds worldwide, different forms of reports have described its neurologic manifestations.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br><br>METHODS: Literature search performed following systematic reviews guidelines, using specific keywords based on the COVID-19 neurological complications described up to May 10th, 2020.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 43 articles were selected, including data ranging from common, non-specific symptoms, such as hyposmia and myalgia, to more complex and life-threatening conditions, such as cerebrovascular diseases, encephalopathies, and Guillain-Barré syndrome.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Recognition of neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 should be emphasized despite the obvious challenges faced by clinicians caring for critical patients who are often sedated and presenting other concurrent systemic complications.},
}
@article {pmid32490934,
year = {2020},
author = {Monteiro, RAA and Duarte-Neto, AN and Silva, LFFD and Oliveira, EP and Filho, JT and Santos, GABD and Oliveira, IRS and Mauad, T and Saldiva, PHDN and Dolhnikoff, M},
title = {Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive autopsies: A protocol for the study of pulmonary and systemic involvement of COVID-19.},
journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {e1972},
doi = {10.6061/clinics/2020/e1972},
pmid = {32490934},
issn = {1980-5322},
}
@article {pmid32490933,
year = {2020},
author = {Puech-Leão, P and César, LAM and De Luccia, N},
title = {COVID-19, Vascular Diseases, and Vascular Services.},
journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {e1979},
doi = {10.6061/clinics/2020/e1979},
pmid = {32490933},
issn = {1980-5322},
}
@article {pmid32490932,
year = {2020},
author = {Denadai, R},
title = {COVID-19 Pandemic as a Driver for Spreading Virtual Care Globally: The Future Starts Now.},
journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {e1967},
doi = {10.6061/clinics/2020/e1967},
pmid = {32490932},
issn = {1980-5322},
}
@article {pmid32490931,
year = {2020},
author = {Breithaupt-Faloppa, AC and Correia, CJ and Prado, CM and Stilhano, RS and Ureshino, RP and Moreira, LFP},
title = {17β-Estradiol, a potential ally to alleviate SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {e1980},
doi = {10.6061/clinics/2020/e1980},
pmid = {32490931},
issn = {1980-5322},
abstract = {Considering that female sexual hormones may modulate the inflammatory response and also exhibit direct effects on the cells of the immune system, herein, we intend to discuss the sex differences and the role of estradiol in modulating the lung and systemic inflammatory response, focusing on its possible application as a treatment modality for SARS-CoV-2 patients. COVID-19 patients develop severe hypoxemia early in the course of the disease, which is silent most of the time. Small fibrinous thrombi in pulmonary arterioles and a tumefaction of endothelial were observed in the autopsies of fatal COVID-19 cases. Studies showed that the viral infection induces a vascular process in the lung, which included vasodilation and endothelial dysfunction. Further, the proportions of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes were strongly reduced in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Estradiol is connected with CD4+ T cell numbers and increases T-reg cell populations, affecting immune responses to infection. It is known that estradiol exerts a protective effect on endothelial function, activating the generation of nitric oxide (NO) via endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Estrogen attenuates the vasoconstrictor response to various stimuli and induces vasodilation in the pulmonary vasculature during stress situations like hypoxia. It exerts a variety of rapid actions, which are initiated after its coupling with membrane receptors, which in turn, may positively modulate vascular responses in pulmonary disease and help to maintain microvascular flow. Direct and indirect mechanisms underlying the effects of estradiol were investigated, and the results point to a possible protective effect of estradiol against COVID-19, indicating that it may be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic element for the treatment of patients affected by the novel coronavirus.},
}
@article {pmid32490930,
year = {2020},
author = {Samano, MN and Pêgo-Fernandes, PM},
title = {Lung transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {e1978},
doi = {10.6061/clinics/2020/e1978},
pmid = {32490930},
issn = {1980-5322},
}
@article {pmid32490919,
year = {2020},
author = {Artese, F},
title = {Covid-19: The aftermath for orthodontics.},
journal = {Dental press journal of orthodontics},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {7-8},
doi = {10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.007-008.edt},
pmid = {32490919},
issn = {2177-6709},
}
@article {pmid32490918,
year = {2020},
author = {Pedrozo-Pupo, JC and Pedrozo-Cortés, MJ and Campo-Arias, A},
title = {Perceived stress associated with COVID-19 epidemic in Colombia: an online survey.},
journal = {Cadernos de saude publica},
volume = {36},
number = {5},
pages = {e00090520},
doi = {10.1590/0102-311x00090520},
pmid = {32490918},
issn = {1678-4464},
abstract = {This study aimed to assess the prevalence and variables related to perceived stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of Colombian adults using a designed online cross-sectional survey. Adults answered a version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) modified for COVID-19 (PSS-10-C), with Cronbach alpha equal to 0.86. In total, 406 individuals aged between 19 and 88 years (M = 43.9; SD = 12.4) agreed to participate in the survey: 61.8% were females, 90.6% had a university degree, 44.1% were health professionals, and 45.7% considered public health policies for preventing the spread of the disease inconsistent with scientific recommendations. PSS-10-C scores ranged from 0 to 36 (M = 16.5; SD = 7.3); 58 individuals (14.3%) scored for high perceived stress (cut-off point = 25). The inconsistency between policies and scientific evidence was significantly related to high perception of stress associated with COVID-19 (OR = 2.36; 95%CI: 1.32-4.20), after adjusting for gender. We concluded that the study group presented the prevalence of perceived stress associated with COVID-19 at high levels, arising from the inconsistent strategies developed by health authorities in view of scientific recommendations. Further researches must address the psychosocial aspects of epidemics.},
}
@article {pmid32490915,
year = {2020},
author = {Silva Filho, OJD and Gomes Júnior, NN},
title = {The future at the kitchen table: COVID-19 and the food supply.},
journal = {Cadernos de saude publica},
volume = {36},
number = {5},
pages = {e00095220},
doi = {10.1590/0102-311x00095220},
pmid = {32490915},
issn = {1678-4464},
}
@article {pmid32490913,
year = {2020},
author = {Caetano, R and Silva, AB and Guedes, ACCM and Paiva, CCN and Ribeiro, GDR and Santos, DL and Silva, RMD},
title = {Challenges and opportunities for telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic: ideas on spaces and initiatives in the Brazilian context.},
journal = {Cadernos de saude publica},
volume = {36},
number = {5},
pages = {e00088920},
doi = {10.1590/0102-311x00088920},
pmid = {32490913},
issn = {1678-4464},
abstract = {COVID-19 has created enormous challenges for health systems worldwide, with the rapidly growing number of deaths and critical patients with pneumonia requiring ventilatory support. Alternative methods to control the spread of the disease such as social isolation, extreme quarantine measures, and contact tracing have been used around the world. However, these measures may not be totally effective to fight COVID-19, in step with the necessary national preparations to meet the new patient care demands. A wide range of digital technologies can be used to enhance these public health strategies, and the pandemic has sparked increasing use of telehealth. This field has grown considerably in Brazil in recent years. Still, despite the intense proliferation of recommendations and rules, until the current pandemic the country still lacked a fully consolidated regulatory framework. The emergence of COVID-19 marks a key moment in the expansion of applications and use of telehealth for improving the health system's response to the current crisis. The article discusses telehealth's contribution to the fight against COVID-19 and the recent initiatives triggered in Brazil as opportunities for the consolidation of telemedicine and improvement of the Brazilian Unified National Health System. The authors conclude that telehealth offers capabilities for remote screening, care and treatment, and assists monitoring, surveillance, detection, prevention, and mitigation of the impacts on healthcare indirectly related to COVID-19. The initiatives triggered in this process can reshape the future space of telemedicine in health services in the territory.},
}
@article {pmid32490908,
year = {2020},
author = {Jasinowodolinski, D and Filisbino, MM and Baldi, BG},
title = {COVID-19 pneumonia: a risk factor for pulmonary thromboembolism?.},
journal = {Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia},
volume = {46},
number = {4},
pages = {e20200168},
doi = {10.36416/1806-3756/e20200168},
pmid = {32490908},
issn = {1806-3756},
}
@article {pmid32490895,
year = {2020},
author = {Silva, FVD},
title = {Nursing to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Revista brasileira de enfermagem},
volume = {73 Suppl 2},
number = {},
pages = {e2020sup2},
doi = {10.1590/0034-7167-202073suppl201},
pmid = {32490895},
issn = {0034-7167},
}
@article {pmid32490892,
year = {2020},
author = {Carvalho, EA and Oliveira, MVB},
title = {Safety model for chest drainage in pandemic by COVID-19.},
journal = {Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes},
volume = {47},
number = {},
pages = {e20202568},
doi = {10.1590/0100-6991e-20202568},
pmid = {32490892},
issn = {1809-4546},
abstract = {Over one million cases of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been confirmed worldwide, with the death toll exceeding 50,000 people. An important issue to be addressed concerns the exposure of health professionals to this new virus. The first reports from Wuhan province, China, described infection rates of up to 29% among healthcare professionals before the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was fully regulated. There are several protocols on the correct use of PPE during aerosol-generating procedures. However, there is no specific guidance on how to proceed in cases of need for chest tubes in patients with positive COVID-19 active air leak. The objective of this work is to assist surgeons of the most diverse specialties during the chest drainage of a patient with COVID-19 and to avoid a risk of contamination to the professional and the environment.},
}
@article {pmid32490891,
year = {2020},
author = {Barros, BCS and Maia, AB and Marques, MA and Prette-Junior, PR and Fiorelli, SKA and Cerqueira, FC},
title = {The role of Angiology and Vascular Surgery in the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes},
volume = {47},
number = {},
pages = {e20202595},
doi = {10.1590/0100-6991e-20202595},
pmid = {32490891},
issn = {1809-4546},
abstract = {The New Coronavirus Epidemic (2019-nCoV), discovered in the city of Wuhan, China, in December 2019, presents mainly with pulmonary pneumonia that is preceded by fever, cough and myalgia. However, as the disease spread globally and the number of hospitalizations increased exponentially, it was noted that most serious patients hospitalized by COVID-19 have laboratory changes worthy of attention, such as lymphopenia, neutrophilia, increased time of prothrombin and increased levels of D-dimer. Due to these changes proving to be crucial for the mortality and morbidity rates in this subset of infected people, several studies focusing on the pathophysiology, mainly hematological, of the disease appear every day. Deepening these studies, several published works have shown SarsCoV-2 infection to the installation of a prothrombotic state in hospitalized patients, which leads to the potential occurrence of thrombotic or arterial events in this cohort. Thus, in order to understand how the departments of Angiology and Vascular Surgery are acting in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this work aims to gather studies that reveal from protocols applied in vascular services in the current situation, until to the role of vascular surgeons and angiologists in the clinical and surgical management of patients infected or not, as a way of helping and clarifying this specialty during the context of a pandemic due to the new coranavirus. For the selection of works, the following search criteria were used: &quot;Coronavirus and venous thrombosis&quot;, &quot;Coronavirus and thrombosis&quot;, &quot;COVID-19 and venous thrombosis&quot; and &quot;COVID-19 Coronavirus and thrombosis&quot;.},
}
@article {pmid32490890,
year = {2020},
author = {Antunes, BBP and Peres, IT and Baião, FA and Ranzani, OT and Bastos, LDSL and Silva, AABD and Souza, GFG and Marchesi, JF and Dantas, LF and Vargas, SA and Maçaira, P and Hamacher, S and Bozza, FA},
title = {Progression of confirmed COVID-19 cases after the implementation of control measures.},
journal = {Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5935/0103-507x.20200028},
pmid = {32490890},
issn = {1982-4335},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To analyse the measures adopted by countries that have shown control over the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and how each curve of accumulated cases behaved after the implementation of those measures.<br><br>METHODS: The methodology adopted for this study comprises three phases: systemizing control measures adopted by different countries, identifying structural breaks in the growth of the number of cases for those countries, and analyzing Brazilian data in particular.<br><br>RESULTS: We noted that China (excluding Hubei Province), Hubei Province, and South Korea have been effective in their deceleration of the growth rates of COVID-19 cases. The effectiveness of the measures taken by these countries could be seen after 1 to 2 weeks of their application. In Italy and Spain, control measures at the national level were taken at a late stage of the epidemic, which could have contributed to the high propagation of COVID-19. In Brazil, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo adopted measures that could be effective in slowing the propagation of the virus. However, we only expect to see their effects on the growth of the curve in the coming days.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Our results may help decisionmakers in countries in relatively early stages of the epidemic, especially Brazil, understand the importance of control measures in decelerating the growth curve of confirmed cases.},
}
@article {pmid32490889,
year = {2020},
author = {Biembengut, ÍV and de Souza, TACB},
title = {Coagulation modifiers targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro for COVID-19 treatment: an in silico approach.},
journal = {Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz},
volume = {115},
number = {},
pages = {e200179},
doi = {10.1590/0074-02760200179},
pmid = {32490889},
issn = {1678-8060},
abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection depends on viral polyprotein processing, catalysed by the main proteinase (Mpro). The solution of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro structure allowed the investigation of potential inhibitors. This work aims to provide first evidences of the applicability of commercially approved drugs to treat coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). We screened 4,334 compounds to found potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication using an in silico approach. Our results evidenced the potential use of coagulation modifiers in COVID-19 treatment due to the structural similarity of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and human coagulation factors thrombin and Factor Xa. Further in vitro and in vivo analysis are needed to corroborate these results.},
}
@article {pmid32490887,
year = {2020},
author = {Duruk, G and Gümüşboğa, ZŞ and Çolak, C},
title = {Investigation of Turkish dentists' clinical attitudes and behaviors towards the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey study.},
journal = {Brazilian oral research},
volume = {34},
number = {},
pages = {e054},
doi = {10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0054},
pmid = {32490887},
issn = {1807-3107},
abstract = {Currently, the whole world is under the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic, and dentists are at high risk. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of precautions Turkish dentists take in dental clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of dentists in Turkey. An online questionnaire (23 questions-57 items) was sent to a sample of Turkish dentists from March 16 to March 20, 2020. The questionnaire comprised a series of questions about dentists' demographic characteristics, their concerns, and the measures taken in dental clinics against COVID-19. This study included a total of 1,958 Turkish dentists. A total of 1,274 (65.1%) were general dentists, and 684 (34.9%) were specialists. Five hundred twenty-two (26.7%) dentists attended an informational meeting on COVID-19. Of these dentists, 69.8% were aware of COVID-19 according to their self-assessed knowledge scores. More than 90% of the dentists were concerned about themselves and their families. Only 12% of the dentists wore an N95 mask. Although Turkish dentists took some precautionary measures, they did not take enough precautions to protect themselves, the dental staff, and other patients from COVID-19. As the number of COVID-19 cases increased, the measures taken slightly increased in dental clinics as well. Dentists are strongly recommended to take maximum precautions in the clinical setting. The guidelines about the COVID-19 pandemic should be sent to all dentists by the regional and national dental associations.},
}
@article {pmid32490886,
year = {2020},
author = {Savioli, F},
title = {Is there a rationale for heparin use among severe COVID-19 patients?.},
journal = {Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
volume = {18},
number = {},
pages = {eED5758},
doi = {10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ed5758},
pmid = {32490886},
issn = {2317-6385},
}
@article {pmid32490854,
year = {2020},
author = {Masterson, AN and Liyanage, T and Berman, C and Kaimakliotis, H and Johnson, M and Sardar, R},
title = {A novel liquid biopsy-based approach for highly specific cancer diagnostics: mitigating false responses in assaying patient plasma-derived circulating microRNAs through combined SERS and plasmon-enhanced fluorescence analyses.},
journal = {The Analyst},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1039/d0an00538j},
pmid = {32490854},
issn = {1364-5528},
abstract = {Studies have shown that microRNAs, which are small noncoding RNAs, hold tremendous promise as next-generation circulating biomarkers for early cancer detection via liquid biopsies. A novel, solid-state nanoplasmonic sensor capable of assaying circulating microRNAs through a combined surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF) approach has been developed. Here, the unique localized surface plasmon resonance properties of chemically-synthesized gold triangular nanoprisms (Au TNPs) are utilized to create large SERS and PEF enhancements. With careful modification to the surface of Au TNPs, this sensing approach is capable of quantifying circulating microRNAs at femtogram/microliter concentrations. Uniquely, the multimodal analytical methods mitigate both false positive and false negative responses and demonstrate the high stability of our sensors within bodily fluids. As a proof of concept, microRNA-10b and microRNA-96 were directly assayed from the plasma of six bladder cancer patients. Results show potential for a highly specific liquid biopsy method that could be used in point-of-care clinical diagnostics to increase early cancer detection or any other diseases including SARS-CoV-2 in which RNAs can be used as biomarkers.},
}
@article {pmid32490853,
year = {2020},
author = {McRae, MP and Simmons, GW and Christodoulides, NJ and Lu, Z and Kang, SK and Fenyo, D and Alcorn, T and Dapkins, IP and Sharif, I and Vurmaz, D and Modak, SS and Srinivasan, K and Warhadpande, S and Shrivastav, R and McDevitt, JT},
title = {Clinical decision support tool and rapid point-of-care platform for determining disease severity in patients with COVID-19.},
journal = {Lab on a chip},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1039/d0lc00373e},
pmid = {32490853},
issn = {1473-0189},
abstract = {SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has reached pandemic levels resulting in significant morbidity and mortality affecting every inhabited continent. The large number of patients requiring intensive care threatens to overwhelm healthcare systems globally. Likewise, there is a compelling need for a COVID-19 disease severity test to prioritize care and resources for patients at elevated risk of mortality. Here, an integrated point-of-care COVID-19 Severity Score and clinical decision support system is presented using biomarker measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminus pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), myoglobin (MYO), D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). The COVID-19 Severity Score combines multiplex biomarker measurements and risk factors in a statistical learning algorithm to predict mortality. The COVID-19 Severity Score was trained and evaluated using data from 160 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China. Our analysis finds that COVID-19 Severity Scores were significantly higher for the group that died versus the group that was discharged with median (interquartile range) scores of 59 (40-83) and 9 (6-17), respectively, and area under the curve of 0.94 (95% CI 0.89-0.99). Although this analysis represents patients with cardiac comorbidities (hypertension), the inclusion of biomarkers from other pathophysiologies implicated in COVID-19 (e.g., D-dimer for thrombotic events, CRP for infection or inflammation, and PCT for bacterial co-infection and sepsis) may improve future predictions for a more general population. These promising initial models pave the way for a point-of-care COVID-19 Severity Score system to impact patient care after further validation with externally collected clinical data. Clinical decision support tools for COVID-19 have strong potential to empower healthcare providers to save lives by prioritizing critical care in patients at high risk for adverse outcomes.},
}
@article {pmid32490846,
year = {2020},
author = {Mackey, T and Purushothaman, V and Li, J and Shah, N and Nali, M and Bardier, C and Liang, B and Cai, M and Cuomo, R},
title = {Machine Learning to Detect Self-Reporting of Symptoms, Testing Access and Recovery Associated with COVID-19 on Twitter: A Retrospective Big-Data Infoveillance Study.},
journal = {JMIR public health and surveillance},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/19509},
pmid = {32490846},
issn = {2369-2960},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health emergency with over 6 million cases worldwide as of the beginning of June 2020. Importantly, the pandemic is historic in scope and precedent given its emergence in an increasing digital era. Importantly, there have been concerns about the accuracy of COVID-19 case counts due to issues such as lack of access to testing and difficulty in measuring recoveries.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to detect and characterize user-generated conversations that could be associated with COVID-19-related symptoms, experiences with access to testing, and mentions of disease recovery using an unsupervised machine learning approach.<br><br>METHODS: Tweets were collected from the Twitter public streaming API from March 3-20, 2020, filtered for general COVID-19-related keywords and then further filtered for terms that could be related to COVID-19 symptoms as self-reported by users. Tweets were analyzed using an unsupervised machine learning approach called the biterm topic model (BTM), where groups of tweets containing the same word-related themes were separated into topic clusters that included conversations about symptoms, testing, and recovery. Tweets in these clusters were then extracted and manually annotated for content analysis and also assessed for their statistical and geographic characteristics.<br><br>RESULTS: A total of 4,492,954 tweets were collected that contained terms that could be related to COVID-19 symptoms. After using BTM to identify relevant topic clusters and removing duplicate tweets, we identified a total of 3,465 (<1%) tweets that included user generated conversations about experiences that users associated with possible COVID-19 symptoms and other disease experiences. These tweets were grouped into five main categories including first and second-hand reports of symptoms, symptom reporting concurrent with lack of testing, discussion of recovery, confirmation of negative COVID-19 diagnosis after receiving testing, and users recalling symptoms and questioning whether they might have been previously infected with COVID-19. Co-occurrence of tweets for these themes were statistically significant for users reporting symptoms with lack of testing and with discussion of recovery. Sixty-three percent (n=1112) of tweets were located in the United States.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This study used unsupervised machine learning for the purposes of characterizing self-reporting of symptoms, experiences with testing, and mentions of recovery related to COVID-19. Many users reported symptoms they thought were related to COVID-19, but also were not able to get tested to confirm their concerns. In the absence of testing availability and confirmation, accurate case estimations for this period of the outbreak may never be known. Future studies should continue to explore the utility of infoveillance approaches to estimate COVID-19 disease severity.},
}
@article {pmid32490845,
year = {2020},
author = {van Agteren, J and Bartholomaeus, J and Fassnacht, D and Iasiello, M and Ali, K and Lo, L and Kyrios, M},
title = {Using Internet-based psychological measurement to capture the deteriorating community mental health profile during COVID-19: An observational study.},
journal = {JMIR mental health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/20696},
pmid = {32490845},
issn = {2368-7959},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is expected to have widespread and pervasive implications for mental health in terms of deteriorating outcomes and increased health service utilization, leading to calls for empirical research on mental health during the pandemic. Internet-based psychological measurement can play an important role in collecting imperative data, assisting to guide evidence-based decision making in practice and policy, and subsequently facilitating immediate reporting of measurement results to participants.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: To use an internet-based mental health measurement platform to compare the mental health profile of community members during COVID-19 with community members assessed before the pandemic.<br><br>METHODS: This study used an Internet-based self-assessment tool to collect data on psychological distress, mental wellbeing, and resilience in community cohorts during (n=673), and prior to the pandemic (two cohorts, n=1264 and n=340).<br><br>RESULTS: Results demonstrated significantly worst outcomes on all mental health measures for participants measured during COVID-19 compared to those measured before, P<.001 for all outcomes, effect sizes ranging between d=0.32 to d=0.81. Participants who demonstrated problematic scores for at least one of the mental health outcomes increased from 58% before COVID-19 to 79% during COVID-19, leading to only 21% of measured participants displaying good mental health during the pandemic.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The results clearly demonstrate a deterioration in mental health outcomes during COVID-19. While further research is needed, findings support the serious mental health implications of the pandemic and highlights the utility of internet-based data collection tools in providing evidence to innovate and strengthen practice and policy during and after the pandemic.<br><br>CLINICALTRIAL: N.a.},
}
@article {pmid32490843,
year = {2020},
author = {Kim, KH and Bae, YS and Jeong, CW and Choi, SW and Ko, T and Cho, B and Kim, MS and Kang, E},
title = {Information technology-based management of clinically healthy COVID-19 patients: Lessons from the Living and Treatment Support Center operated by Seoul National University Hospital.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/19938},
pmid = {32490843},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: South Korea took preemptive action against COVID-19 through extensive testing, thorough epidemiological investigation, strict social distancing, and quick treatment of patients according to severity. The Korean government entrusted large scale hospitals to operate living and treatment support centers for the management for clinically healthy COVID-19 patients.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: We introduce our experience implementing information and communication technology based remote patient management systems especially for a COVID-19 living and treatment support center.<br><br>METHODS: We adopted new electronic health record templates, hospital information system dashboards, cloud based medical image sharing, mobile application, and smart vital sign monitoring devices.<br><br>RESULTS: Enhancements were made to the hospital information system to assist in the workflow and care of patients in the living and treatment support center. A dashboard was created for the medical staff to view the vital signs and symptoms of all patients. Patients used a mobile application to consult with their physician or nurse, answer questionnaires, and input self-measured vital signs; the results were uploaded to the hospital information system in real-time. Cloud-based image sharing enabled interoperability between medical institutions. Korea's strategy of aggressive mitigation has 'flattened the curve' of the rate of infection. A multidisciplinary approach was integral to develop systems supporting patient care and management at the living and treatment support center as quickly as possible.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Faced with a novel infectious disease, we describe the implementation and experience of applying an information and communication technology based patient management system in the living and treatment support center by Seoul National University Hospital. Information and communication technology based tools and applications are increasingly gaining importance in healthcare and we hope that our experience can provide insight into future technology-based infectious disease responses.},
}
@article {pmid32490842,
year = {2020},
author = {Tosi, D and Verde, A and Verde, M},
title = {COVID-19 Fatality Rate and Performed Swabs in Italy: a Misleading Perception.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/19825},
pmid = {32490842},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatality rate in Italy is controversial and is largely affecting discussion on the impact of containment measures that are straining the world's social and economic fabric, such as large-scale use of isolation and quarantine, closing borders, imposing limits on public gatherings, and implementing nationwide lockdowns.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: The scientific community, citizens, politicians and mass media are arguing over data that seem to suggest that Italy has a significantly higher number of COVID-19-related deaths than in the rest of the world. Moreover, Italian citizens have a misleading perception related to the number of actually performed swab tests. Citizens and mass media denounce that the coverage obtained by COVID-19 swab testing in Italy is not in line with other countries all over the world.<br><br>METHODS: In this paper, we try to clarify, with a set of statistical analysis conducted world-wide, both aspects by highlighting the actual numbers and by comparing them with the official data available.<br><br>RESULTS: The analysis clearly shows that the Italian COVID-19 fatality and mortality rate are in line with the official world scenario, and these findings are true also for the number of COVID-19 swabs performed in Italy and in Lombardy Region.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Up-to-date analysis of this type may simplify the understanding of the pandemic evolution.},
}
@article {pmid32490839,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, PW and Lu, WH and Ko, NY and Chen, YL and Li, DJ and Chang, YP and Yen, CF},
title = {COVID-19-Related Information Sources and Their Relationships with Confidence of People in Coping with COVID-19: A Facebook Survey Study in Taiwan.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2196/20021},
pmid = {32490839},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: People obtain information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the Internet and other sources. Understanding the factors related to such information sources aids health professionals in educating individuals.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: This study used data collected from the Online Survey Study on COVID-19 in Taiwan to examine what major COVID-19 information sources are available and which sources are significantly related to the self-confidence of people in coping with COVID-19 in Taiwan.<br><br>METHODS: A total of 1904 participants (1270 non-health-care workers and 634 health care workers) were recruited from the Facebook advertisement. Their major sources of information about COVID-19, the relationships between the sources and demographic factors, and the relationships between the sources and the self-confidence in coping with COVID-19 were surveyed.<br><br>RESULTS: Most Taiwanese people relied on the Internet for COVID-19 information (80.6%). Many respondents also used a variety of sources of information on COVID-19, where such variety was associated with sex, age, whether one was a health care worker, and level of worry toward COVID-19. For health care workers, the use of formal lessons as an information source was significantly associated with better self-confidence in coping with COVID-19. The significant association between receiving information from more sources and greater self-confidence was found only in health care workers but not in non-health care workers.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Medical professionals should consider subgroups of the population when establishing the various means to deliver information on COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32490832,
year = {2020},
author = {Ufuk, F},
title = {Radiological approach to COVID-19 pneumonia: Attention should be paid to pulmonary embolism and radiation exposure.},
journal = {Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5152/dir.2020.20311},
pmid = {32490832},
issn = {1305-3612},
}
@article {pmid32490829,
year = {2020},
author = {Luo, N and Zhang, H and Zhou, Y and Kong, Z and Sun, W and Huang, N and Zhang, A},
title = {Utility of chest CT in diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.},
journal = {Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5152/dir.2020.20144},
pmid = {32490829},
issn = {1305-3612},
abstract = {PURPOSE: We aimed to explore the imaging findings of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its clinical value for further evaluation of suspected cases.<br><br>METHODS: Files of 155 patients visiting the fever clinics at our hospital and affiliated hospitals from January 20th to February 9th, 2020 were searched. Among them, 140 cases (including 82 males and 58 females) were included as suspected COVID-19 cases based on clinical and epidemiological history; the CT image features of 70 cases with suggestive findings on CT, confirmed by positive nucleic acid test were analyzed and evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity of CT in diagnosing COVID-19 were evaluated in patients with epidemiological history.<br><br>RESULTS: Of the 70 patients, 84.3% showed bilateral lung involvement on CT; 27 cases (38.6%) showed ground-glass opacity (GGO), which was mostly distributed in the subpleural area (55.7%), and this sign was mainly observed in early COVID-19 patients. In addition, 41 cases (58.6%) manifested GGO combined with focal consolidation opacity, 2 (2.8%) had flake-like consolidation opacity, with involvements of the periphery of lung field and the central zone (44.3%), and this sign was mostly observed in severe or critical patients. Concomitant signs such as pleural effusion and mediastinal lymph node enlargement were rare. Among patients with epidemiological history, the sensitivity of CT in diagnosing COVID-19 was 89.7% (70/78), and the specificity was 88.7% (55/62).<br><br>CONCLUSION: CT shows high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing COVID-19. CT is an important examination method in evaluation of suspected cases and assessment of disease severity.},
}
@article {pmid32490827,
year = {2020},
author = {Savaş, R},
title = {Alternative strategies for CT unit management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single center experience.},
journal = {Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5152/dir.2020.20313},
pmid = {32490827},
issn = {1305-3612},
}
@article {pmid32490825,
year = {2020},
author = {Roffi, M and Capodanno, D and Windecker, S and Baumbach, A and Dudek, D},
title = {Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on interventional cardiology practice: results of the EAPCI survey.},
journal = {EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4244/EIJ-D-20-00528},
pmid = {32490825},
issn = {1969-6213},
}
@article {pmid32490807,
year = {2020},
author = {Mathews, BK and Koenig, S and Kurian, L and Galen, B and Mints, G and Liu, G and Soni, NJ},
title = {Clinical Progress Note: Point-of-Care Ultrasound Applications in COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of hospital medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12788/jhm.3454},
pmid = {32490807},
issn = {1553-5606},
}
@article {pmid32490804,
year = {2020},
author = {Cho, HJ and Feldman, LS and Keller, S and Hoffman, A and Pahwa, AK and Krouss, M},
title = {Choosing Wisely in the COVID-19 Era: Preventing Harm to Healthcare Workers.},
journal = {Journal of hospital medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12788/jhm.3457},
pmid = {32490804},
issn = {1553-5606},
}
@article {pmid32490800,
year = {2020},
author = {Westafer, LM and Elia, T and Medarametla, V and Lagu, T},
title = {A Transdisciplinary COVID-19 Early Respiratory Intervention Protocol: An Implementation Story.},
journal = {Journal of hospital medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12788/jhm.3456},
pmid = {32490800},
issn = {1553-5606},
}
@article {pmid32490798,
year = {2020},
author = {Gandhi, TK and Singh, H},
title = {Reducing the Risk of Diagnostic Error in the COVID-19 Era.},
journal = {Journal of hospital medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12788/jhm.3461},
pmid = {32490798},
issn = {1553-5606},
}
@article {pmid32490797,
year = {2020},
author = {Kinnear, B and Kelleher, M and Olson, AP and Sall, D and Schumacher, DJ},
title = {Developing Trust With Early Medical School Graduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of hospital medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12788/jhm.3463},
pmid = {32490797},
issn = {1553-5606},
}
@article {pmid32490743,
year = {2020},
author = {Riley-Smith Qc, T and Heppinstall, A and Foster, F},
title = {Is Covid-19 sowing the seeds for future litigation?.},
journal = {The Medico-legal journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {25817220926943},
doi = {10.1177/0025817220926943},
pmid = {32490743},
issn = {2042-1834},
abstract = {We consider various types of litigation that may follow the Covid-19 pandemic, including: claims against National Health Service (NHS) Trusts by patients who have contracted the coronavirus (or by their bereaved families), claims by NHS staff against their employer for a failure to provide any or adequate personal protective equipment or testing, commercial claims arising from the procurement of medical supplies, the potential liabilities to those who suffer adverse reactions to any vaccine and the guidance issued by the regulators in relation to subsequent disciplinary action.},
}
@article {pmid32490733,
year = {2020},
author = {Kirtipal, N and Bharadwaj, S},
title = {Interleukin 6 polymorphisms as an indicator of COVID-19 severity in humans.},
journal = {Journal of biomolecular structure &amp; dynamics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10.1080/07391102.2020.1776640},
pmid = {32490733},
issn = {1538-0254},
}
@article {pmid32490731,
year = {2020},
author = {Gelman, R and Bayatra, A and Kessler, A and Schwartz, A and Ilan, Y},
title = {Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Receptors as a Means for Reducing Infectivity and Improving Antiviral and Immune Response: An Algorithm-based Method For Overcoming Resistance To Antiviral Agents.},
journal = {Emerging microbes &amp; infections},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-21},
doi = {10.1080/22221751.2020.1776161},
pmid = {32490731},
issn = {2222-1751},
abstract = {The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, and it has created a pressing global need for effective antiviral therapies against it. COVID-19 disease pathogenesis is characterized by an initial virus-mediated phase, followed by inappropriate hyperactivation of the immune system leading to organ damage. Targeting of the SARS-CoV-2 viral receptors is being explored as a therapeutic option for these patients. In this paper, we summarize several potential receptors associated with the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss their association with the immune-mediated inflammatory response. The potential for the development of resistance towards antiviral drugs is also presented. An algorithm-based platform to improve the efficacy of and overcome resistance to viral receptor blockers through the introduction of personalized variability is described. This method is designed to ensure sustained antiviral effectiveness when using SARS-CoV-2 receptor blockers.},
}
@article {pmid32490730,
year = {2020},
author = {Evren, C and Evren, B and Dalbudak, E and Topcu, M and Kutlu, N},
title = {Measuring anxiety related to COVID-19: A Turkish validation study of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale.},
journal = {Death studies},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1080/07481187.2020.1774969},
pmid = {32490730},
issn = {1091-7683},
abstract = {The aim of the current study is to validate the Turkish version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). Participants were assessed across the CAS, Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) and Fear of COVID-19 Scale. We surveyed 1023 Turkish native speakers who participated online. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor structure of the CAS was satisfactory. The scale was internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.80. Positive correlations of the CAS with the OCS and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale demonstrated adequate convergent validity. These findings suggest that the CAS is a valid and reliable measure to assess the severity of dysfunctional coronavirus related anxiety.},
}
@article {pmid32490726,
year = {2020},
author = {Maiese, A and Passaro, G and Matteis, A and Fazio, V and Raffaele, R and Paolo, MD},
title = {Thromboinflammatory response in SARS-CoV-2 sepsis.},
journal = {The Medico-legal journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {25817220926915},
doi = {10.1177/0025817220926915},
pmid = {32490726},
issn = {2042-1834},
abstract = {Viral sepsis is rare, and its real incidence is not known. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes the release of a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines that aggravates interstitial pneumonia and evolves in viral sepsis with prominent hypercoagulability. We believe it is useful and advisable to establish early immunomodulator therapy and the prophylaxis anticoagulant therapy should be rethought.},
}
@article {pmid32490723,
year = {2020},
author = {Pan, Z and Lu, J and Wang, N and He, WT and Zhang, L and Zhao, W and Su, S},
title = {Development of a TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time PCR for the simultaneous detection of emerging and reemerging swine coronaviruses.},
journal = {Virulence},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {707-718},
doi = {10.1080/21505594.2020.1771980},
pmid = {32490723},
issn = {2150-5608},
abstract = {With the outbreak of the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019, coronaviruses have become a global research hotspot in the field of virology. Coronaviruses mainly cause respiratory and digestive tract diseases, several coronaviruses are responsible for porcine diarrhea, such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and emerging swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). Those viruses have caused huge economic losses and are considered as potential public health threats. Porcine torovirus (PToV) and coronaviruses, sharing similar genomic structure and replication strategy, belong to the same order Nidovirales. Here, we developed a multiplex TaqMan-probe-based real-time PCR for the simultaneous detection of PEDV, PDCoV, PToV, and SADS-CoV for the first time. Specific primers and TaqMan fluorescent probes were designed targeting the ORF1a region of PDEV, PToV, and SADS-CoV and the ORF1b region of PDCoV. The method showed high sensitivity and specificity, with a detection limit of 1 × 102 copies/μL for each pathogen. A total of 101 clinical swine samples with signs of diarrhea were analyzed using this method, and the result showed good consistency with conventional reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). This method improves the efficiency for surveillance of these emerging and reemerging swine enteric viruses and can help reduce economic losses to the pig industry, which also benefits animal and public health.},
}
@article {pmid32490720,
year = {2020},
author = {Perrone, G and Zerbo, S and Bilotta, C and Malta, G and Argo, A},
title = {Telemedicine during Covid-19 pandemic: Advantage or critical issue?.},
journal = {The Medico-legal journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {25817220926926},
doi = {10.1177/0025817220926926},
pmid = {32490720},
issn = {2042-1834},
abstract = {Telemedicine offers a support to traditional medicine, delivering clinical services when distance is a critical factor. Although this tool does not replace a medical examination, during Covid-19 pandemic, it reduces the spread of infection and avoids the need for a patient's visit. It is useful in the management of chronic disorders or for patients undergoing palliative treatment. The University Hospital of Palermo has applied this in cases of chronic illness caring for patients who cannot stop their treatment, such as Department of Onco-Haematology, Internal Medicine, Dermatology, etc. The Department of Legal Medicine of Palermo, in particular, is also using telemedicine to manage medico-legal sudden natural death investigations and dealing with the Public Prosecutor's office of Palermo. Even after the Covid-19 emergency, telemedicine will be essential to streamline outpatient visits, while at the same time limiting costs, with significant benefits for the Italian National Public Health Service budget. In conclusion, telemedicine can offer a valuable support to the doctor's activity by streamlining and facilitating their work. In this sense, the Covid-19 pandemic represents a positive input for the acceleration and enhancement of these tools.},
}
@article {pmid32490715,
year = {2020},
author = {Turk, C and Turk, S and Temirci, ES and Malkan, UY and Haznedaroglu, İC},
title = {In vitro analysis of the renin-angiotensin system and inflammatory gene transcripts in human bronchial epithelial cells after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.},
journal = {Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS},
volume = {21},
number = {2},
pages = {1470320320928872},
doi = {10.1177/1470320320928872},
pmid = {32490715},
issn = {1752-8976},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently identified coronavirus family member that triggers a respiratory disease similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are very similar to each other in many respects, such as structure, genetics, and pathobiology. We hypothesized that coronaviruses could affect pulmonary tissues via integration with the critical immune genes after their interaction with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) elements. The aim of the present bioinformatics study was to assess expression changes of the RAS and non-RAS genes, particularly immune response genes, in the lung epithelial cells after infection with SARS-CoV.<br><br>METHODS: Linear regression, hierarchical clustering, pathway analysis, and network analysis were performed using the E-GEOD-17400 data set.<br><br>RESULTS: The whole-genome expression data of the lung epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV for 12, 24, and 48 hours were analyzed, and a total of 15 RAS family and 29 immune genes were found to be highly correlated with the exposure time to the virus in the studied groups.<br><br>CONCLUSION: RAS genes are important at the initiation of the infections caused by coronavirus family members and may have a strong relationship with the exchange of immune genes in due course following the infection.},
}
@article {pmid32490713,
year = {2020},
author = {Tullio, V and Perrone, G and Bilotta, C and Lanzarone, A and Argo, A},
title = {Psychological support and psychotherapy via digital devices in Covid-19 emergency time: Some critical issues.},
journal = {The Medico-legal journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {25817220926942},
doi = {10.1177/0025817220926942},
pmid = {32490713},
issn = {2042-1834},
abstract = {The Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting fear, quarantine and lockdown measures implemented in Italy and other countries to contain the risk of contagion have seriously impacted the mental health of a large number of people. The need to offer psychological and psychotherapeutic support to these people, while respecting the government's pressing calls to &quot;stay home&quot;, have led many psychologists and psychotherapists, both in the public and private sectors, to provide their professional services via teleconference, telephone, smartphone, etc. The aim of this work is to highlight some critical issues related to the sudden switch from the traditional method of providing psychological services to the digital one in Italy.},
}
@article {pmid32490689,
year = {2020},
author = {Yıldırım, M and Geçer, E and Akgül, Ö},
title = {The impacts of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours against COVID-19.},
journal = {Psychology, health &amp; medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-9},
doi = {10.1080/13548506.2020.1776891},
pmid = {32490689},
issn = {1465-3966},
abstract = {The world has been under the negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic for the last few months. While people may take many preventive behaviours to minimize the risk, very little is known about the factors that can increase preventive behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the effects of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours of COVID-19. The study used a sample of 4,536 Turkish adults (M = 30.33 ± 10.95 years) recruited from 17 March through 1 April 2020. Vulnerability, perceived risk, fear, and preventive behaviours were measured with self-rating scales. Participants mostly engaged in avoidance of public transportation and frequent handwashing as preventive behaviours. Women had a significantly higher vulnerability to, perceived risk, and fear of new coronavirus compared to men. Correlation results indicated that age, gender, education level, vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear were related to preventive behaviours. Regression results demonstrated that vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear accounted for a significant amount of variance in preventive behaviours over and above the effects of demographic variables. The results suggest that vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear can significantly increase engagement in preventive behaviours during the novel coronavirus pandemic. The results have important implications for research and practice.},
}
@article {pmid32490680,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, J and Li, M and Zheng, S and Li, M and Zhang, M and Sun, M and Li, X and Deng, A and Cai, Y and Zhang, H},
title = {Plasma albumin levels predict risk for nonsurvivors in critically ill patients with COVID-19.},
journal = {Biomarkers in medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2217/bmm-2020-0254},
pmid = {32490680},
issn = {1752-0371},
abstract = {Aim: We aimed to explore the biomarkers for disease progression or the risk of nonsurvivors. Materials &amp; methods: This study included 134 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. The outcome of moderate versus severe versus critically ill patients and survivors versus nonsurvivors were compared. Results: An increase in the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia was positively associated with lower levels of platelets and albumin (all p < 0.05). In the critical group, the plasma levels of albumin continued to have a significant association for the risk of nonsurvivors (p < 0.05), even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Albumin levels could be used as an independent predictor of the risk of nonsurvivors in critically ill patients with COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32490641,
year = {2020},
author = {Medetalibeyoğlu, A and Şenkal, N and Çapar, G and Köse, M and Tükek, T},
title = {Characteristics of the initial patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a single-center report.},
journal = {Turkish journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3906/sag-2004-98},
pmid = {32490641},
issn = {1303-6165},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Novel coronavirus 19 infection (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and Turkey had the first coronavirus patient tested positive in 10 March 2020.<br><br>AIMS: In this analysis we have discussed the characteristics of Turkish patients who have been hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.<br><br>STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study Methods: This retrospective study included all the patients who have been hospitalized for novel coronavirus at blinded for peer review -Department of Internal Medicine between 15th March 2020 and 28th March 2020. Patients were screened with real time PCR (2019nCoV), chest X-ray and computer tomography. Also, their demographic characteristics including sex, age, occupation, comorbid disease etc. were recorded.<br><br>RESULTS: There were 70 patients for analysis. Thirty-seven patients (52.9 %) tested positive for coronavirus infection with PCR. Mean age was 55.8 (min 24- max 87). There were 49 men (70.0%). Two patients (2%) were sent home and eleven patients (15.7%) were transferred to intensive care unit (ICU). Patients in ICU had statistically higher, pulse rate, respiratory rate, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, c-reactive protein, d-dimer, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time, troponin and procalcitonin compared to patients followed in clinics.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Turkey has avoided the disease for some time but as inevitable as it is, our country has been added to the countries which are infected.},
}
@article {pmid32490640,
year = {2020},
author = {Ufuk, F and Savaş, R and Hazirolan, T},
title = {Letter to the Editor: Radiological approaches to COVID-19 pneumonia.},
journal = {Turkish journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3906/sag-2004-332},
pmid = {32490640},
issn = {1303-6165},
abstract = {Dear editor, We read with great interest the article titled ?Radiological approaches to COVID-19 pneumonia? by Akcay S. et al. in the latest issue of Turk J Med Sci [1]. The authors provided a review of the radiological findings of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia. We would like to highlight some missing radiological findings in this article, and we want to contribute to some critical radiological findings.},
}
@article {pmid32490639,
year = {2020},
author = {Akçay, MŞ},
title = {Response to letter to the editor: radiological approaches to COVID-19 pneumonia.},
journal = {Turkish journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3906/sag-2005-230},
pmid = {32490639},
issn = {1303-6165},
abstract = {This is a letter to response to &quot;letter to the editor&quot; about our review article entitled &quot;Radiological approaches to COVID-19 pneumonia&quot;. Abstract is not required in this format.},
}
@article {pmid32490578,
year = {2020},
author = {Villani, A and Annunziata, MC and Abategiovanni, L and Fabbrocini, G},
title = {Teledermatology for acne patients: how to reduce face-to-face visits during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of cosmetic dermatology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jocd.13519},
pmid = {32490578},
issn = {1473-2165},
abstract = {From the outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread all over the world causing a global public health emergency1 . Since then, preventive measures, such as the use of protective equipement, social distance and disinfection procedures, have been adopted in order to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Regarding Dermatology departments, the majority of them have been reorganized and all dermatological procedures have been postponed, except for the emergencies and the oncological ones2 .},
}
@article {pmid32490559,
year = {2020},
author = {Mills, WR and Sender, S and Lichtefeld, J and Romano, N and Reynolds, K and Price, M and Phipps, J and White, L and Howard, S and Poltavski, D and Barnes, R},
title = {Supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disability during the first 100 days of the COVID-19 outbreak in the USA.},
journal = {Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jir.12740},
pmid = {32490559},
issn = {1365-2788},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: It is unknown how the novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the current acute respiratory illness COVID-19 pandemic that has infected millions of people, affects people with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD). The aim of this study is to describe how individuals with IDD have been affected in the first 100 days of the COVID-19 pandemic.<br><br>METHODS: Shortly after the first COVID-19 case was reported in the USA, our organisation, which provides continuous support for over 11 000 individuals with IDD, assembled an outbreak committee composed of senior leaders from across the health care organisation. The committee led the development and deployment of a comprehensive COVID-19 prevention and suppression strategy, utilising current evidence-based practice, while surveilling the global and local situation daily. We implemented enhanced infection control procedures across 2400 homes, which were communicated to our employees using multi-faceted channels including an electronic resource library, mobile and web applications, paper postings in locations, live webinars and direct mail. Using custom-built software applications enabling us to track patient, client and employee cases and exposures, we leveraged current public health recommendations to identify cases and to suppress transmission, which included the use of personal protective equipment. A COVID-19 case was defined as a positive nucleic acid test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.<br><br>RESULTS: In the 100-day period between 20 January 2020 and 30 April 2020, we provided continuous support for 11 540 individuals with IDD. Sixty-four per cent of the individuals were in residential, community settings, and 36% were in intermediate care facilities. The average age of the cohort was 46 ± 12 years, and 60% were male. One hundred twenty-two individuals with IDD were placed in quarantine for exhibiting symptoms and signs of acute infection such as fever or cough. Sixty-six individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and their average age was 50. The positive individuals were located in 30 different homes (1.3% of total) across 14 states. Fifteen homes have had single cases, and 15 have had more than one case. Fifteen COVID-19-positive individuals were hospitalised. As of 30 April, seven of the individuals hospitalised have been discharged back to home and are recovering. Five remain hospitalised, with three improving and two remaining in intensive care and on mechanical ventilation. There have been three deaths. We found that among COVID-19-positive individuals with IDD, a higher number of chronic medical conditions and male sex were characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of hospitalisation.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In the first 100 days of the COVID-19 outbreak in the USA, we observed that people with IDD living in congregate care settings can benefit from a coordinated approach to infection control, case identification and cohorting, as evidenced by the low relative case rate reported. Male individuals with higher numbers of chronic medical conditions were more likely to be hospitalised, while most younger, less chronically ill individuals recovered spontaneously at home.},
}
@article {pmid32490556,
year = {2020},
author = {Paton, C},
title = {Insouciance and inexperience: A deadly combination when dealing with COVID-19.},
journal = {The International journal of health planning and management},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/hpm.2991},
pmid = {32490556},
issn = {1099-1751},
abstract = {This article gives key reasons for the UK's tardy and confused attempts to react to the COVID-19 pandemic. It explains very poor outcomes in the UK (in terms of the spread of the virus and high mortality, already striking at the time of writing), in terms of an initial lack of political will to prioritise public health, itself a product of a strong Prime Minister who made the &quot;wrong call&quot;. It also highlights a failure to &quot;follow the science&quot;, except in so far as the &quot;science&quot; had already accepted some dubious political judgements and the lack of capacity to test as the starting-point.},
}
@article {pmid32490552,
year = {2020},
author = {Kluger, N},
title = {Pitfalls of possible reporting of same patients with COVID-19 in dermatology journals.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16690},
pmid = {32490552},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {The Editor in chief and Deputy Editors of the JAMA recently shared their concern regarding possible reporting of patients in more than one manuscript, while this has not been clearly indicated in the submission [1]. Although the unprecedented context of the COVID-19 outbreak justifies efforts for rapid dissemination of knowledge, such practice may be responsible for inaccurate interpretation and overestimation of published data [1]. Similar concern applies to dermatology. In Spain, the national COVID Piel study have reported 372 patients with skin manifestations related with COVID-19, including 71 patients with pseudo-chilblains, from April 3rd to April 16th [2].},
}
@article {pmid32490532,
year = {2020},
author = {Nagaraja, BS and Ramesh, KN and Dhar, D and Mondal, MS and Dey, T and Saha, S and Khan, MA and Rutul, SD and Pratik, K and Manjula, J and Sangeeth, TA and Singh, V},
title = {HyPE study: hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis-related adverse events' analysis among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a rising public health concern.},
journal = {Journal of public health (Oxford, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/pubmed/fdaa074},
pmid = {32490532},
issn = {1741-3850},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The rising burden of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to the mass use of hydroxychloroquine by healthcare workers (HCWs). Adverse event profile of this drug when used as prophylaxis is not well known in the literature.<br><br>METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across the country using semi-structured web-based questionnaire among COVID-19 negative and asymptomatic healthcare workers, taking hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis. Descriptive and multivariate logistic-regression models were applied for analysis.<br><br>RESULTS: Of the 166 participants, at least one adverse event was experienced by 37.9% participants, gastrointestinal being the most common (30.7%). Risk was higher in participants <40 years age (odd's ratio (OR): 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-5.05) and after first dose of hydroxychloroquine (51.2%, OR: 2.38, 95%CI: 1.17-4.84). Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis was initiated without electrocardiography by 80.1% of HCWs. Only 21.6% of those with cardiovascular disease could get prior ECG.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: A higher incidence of adverse events was observed when results were compared with studies involving patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy. Younger age and first dose were associated with greater incidence of adverse events though all were self-limiting. Monitoring prior and during prophylaxis was inadequate even among those with cardiovascular disease and risk-factors. However, no serious cardiovascular events were reported.},
}
@article {pmid32490524,
year = {2020},
author = {Shanks, GD},
title = {COVID-19 versus the 1918 influenza pandemic: different virus, different age mortality patterns.},
journal = {Journal of travel medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jtm/taaa086},
pmid = {32490524},
issn = {1708-8305},
}
@article {pmid32490520,
year = {2020},
author = {García-García, S and Cepeda, S and Arrese, I and Sarabia, R},
title = {Letter: Hemorrhagic Conditions Affecting the Central Nervous System in COVID-19 Patients.},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/neuros/nyaa253},
pmid = {32490520},
issn = {1524-4040},
}
@article {pmid32490519,
year = {2020},
author = {Alobuia, WM and Dalva-Baird, NP and Forrester, JD and Bendavid, E and Bhattacharya, J and Kebebew, E},
title = {Racial disparities in knowledge, attitudes and practices related to COVID-19 in the USA.},
journal = {Journal of public health (Oxford, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/pubmed/fdaa069},
pmid = {32490519},
issn = {1741-3850},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicate racial disparities in the rates of infection and mortality from the 2019 novel coronavirus (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The aim of this study was to determine whether disparities exist in the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) related to COVID-19.<br><br>METHODS: We analyzed data from 1216 adults in the March 2020 Kaiser Family Foundation 'Coronavirus Poll', to determine levels of KAPs across different groups. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to identify predictors of KAPs.<br><br>RESULTS: In contrast to White respondents, Non-White respondents were more likely to have low knowledge (58% versus 30%; P < 0.001) and low attitude scores (52% versus 27%; P < 0.001), but high practice scores (81% versus 59%; P < 0.001). By multivariate regression, White race (odds ratio [OR] 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.70-5.50), higher level of education (OR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.46-2.23) and higher income (OR 2.06; 95% CI: 1.58-2.70) were associated with high knowledge of COVID-19. Race, sex, education, income, health insurance status and political views were all associated with KAPs.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Racial and socioeconomic disparity exists in the levels of KAPs related to COVID-19. More work is needed to identify educational tools that tailor to specific racial and socioeconomic groups.},
}
@article {pmid32490518,
year = {2020},
author = {Abdul-Baki, MN and Dhemesh, Y and Alasadi, L and Alsuliman, T},
title = {The substantial awareness role of web-based and social media platforms in developing countries during a pandemic scenario: the example of COVID-19.},
journal = {Journal of public health (Oxford, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/pubmed/fdaa075},
pmid = {32490518},
issn = {1741-3850},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: During the outbreak of coronavirus COVID-19, social media platforms have shown effectiveness in information dissemination. Delivering evidence-based medical knowledge and trustworthy recommendations is a difficult mission for classical entities, especially in a war-torn country with a fragile health system. In this context, the role of non-governmental scientific organizations was proven, filling the gap between original scientific sources and a non-English speaking population.<br><br>METHODS: We reviewed an example of an organization named Syrian Researchers, which publishes based-on-reliable-sources of scientific content and has massive reachability across Middle East and beyond.<br><br>RESULTS: We strongly believe that this model is a simple and suitable approach that may be helpful for other low-income or war-torn countries in the context of health-related disasters.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This subject is of high importance and we believe that this approach may ameliorate public health knowledge, thus, participate in defying the COVID-19 consequences.},
}
@article {pmid32490506,
year = {2020},
author = {Yolcu, M and Gunesdogdu, F and Bektas, M and Bayirli, DT and Serefhanoglu, K},
title = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and simultaneous acute anteroseptal and inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.},
journal = {Cardiovascular journal of Africa},
volume = {31},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10-5830-CVJA-2020-016},
pmid = {32490506},
issn = {1680-0745},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently recognised pandemic spreading rapidly from Wuhan, Hubei, to other provinces in China and to many countries around the world. The number of COVID-19-related deaths is steadily increasing. Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates, and primary percutaneous coronary intervention is usually recommended for the treatment. A patient with diabetes mellitus and hypertension for five years was admitted to the emergency unit with symptoms of fever, cough and dyspnoea. These symptoms were consistent with viral pneumonia and a COVID PCR test was performed, which tested positive three days later. The patient had chest pain on the eighth day of hospitalisation. On electrocardiography, simultaneous acute inferior and anterior STEMI were identified. High levels of stress and increased metabolic demand in these patients may lead to concomitant thrombosis of different coronary arteries, presenting with two different STEMIs.},
}
@article {pmid32490453,
year = {2020},
author = {Weatherby, S and Seddon, JM and Ceroni, P},
title = {Luminescent silicon nanostructures and COVID-19.},
journal = {Faraday discussions},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1039/d0fd90009e},
pmid = {32490453},
issn = {1364-5498},
abstract = {This Faraday Discussion volume is unique in the hundred plus year history of the Faraday Discussion series, being produced at a time of unprecedented circumstances worldwide and without the preceding Faraday Discussion conference having taken place.},
}
@article {pmid32490304,
year = {2020},
author = {Mao, D and Zhou, N and Zheng, D and Yue, J and Zhao, Q and Luo, B and Guan, D and Zhou, Y and Hu, B and Cheng, J},
title = {Guide to forensic pathology practice for death cases related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Trial draft).},
journal = {Forensic sciences research},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1080/20961790.2020.1744400},
pmid = {32490304},
issn = {2471-1411},
abstract = {Autopsy is of great significance for elucidating the pathological changes, pathogenesis and cause of death of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and can provide a theoretical basis for scientific and accurate prevention and control of its outbreak. Based on related laws and regulations, such as the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 and guidelines on the prevention and control of this epidemic, combined with the practical work of forensic pathology examinations, we developed the Guide to Forensic Pathology Practice for Death Cases Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Trial Draft). This guide describes the background investigation of the death cases, autopsy room requirements, personal prevention and protections, external examinations, autopsy practices and auxiliary examinations, and thus offers a reference for forensic and pathological examination institutions and staff.},
}
@article {pmid32490260,
year = {2020},
author = {Costantino, C and Fiacchini, D},
title = {Rationale of the WHO document on Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) readiness and response to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and of the Italian Decalogue for Prevention Departments.},
journal = {Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene},
volume = {61},
number = {1},
pages = {E1-E2},
doi = {10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.1.1502},
pmid = {32490260},
issn = {2421-4248},
}
@article {pmid32490031,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, L and Liu, Y and Zhang, T and Jiang, Y and Yang, S and Xu, Y and Song, R and Song, M and Wang, L and Zhang, W and Han, B and Yang, L and Fan, Y and Cheng, C and Wang, J and Xiang, P and Pu, L and Xiong, H and Li, C and Zhang, M and Tan, J and Chen, Z and Liu, J and Wang, X},
title = {Differentiating Between 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and Influenza Using a Nonspecific Laboratory Marker-Based Dynamic Nomogram.},
journal = {Open forum infectious diseases},
volume = {7},
number = {5},
pages = {ofaa169},
doi = {10.1093/ofid/ofaa169},
pmid = {32490031},
issn = {2328-8957},
abstract = {Background: There is currently a lack of nonspecific laboratory indicators as a quantitative standard to distinguish between the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and an influenza A or B virus infection. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish a nomogram to detect COVID-19.<br><br>Methods: A nomogram was established using data collected from 457 patients (181 with COVID-19 and 276 with influenza A or B infection) in China. The nomogram used age, lymphocyte percentage, and monocyte count to differentiate COVID-19 from influenza.<br><br>Results: Our nomogram predicted probabilities of COVID-19 with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.913 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.883-0.937), greater than that of the lymphocyte:monocyte ratio (0.849; 95% CI, 0.812-0.880; P = .0007), lymphocyte percentage (0.808; 95% CI, 0.768-0.843; P < .0001), monocyte count (0.780; 95% CI, 0.739-0.817; P < .0001), or age (0.656; 95% CI, 0.610-0.699; P < .0001). The predicted probability conformed to the real observation outcomes of COVID-19, according to the calibration curves.<br><br>Conclusions: We found that age, lymphocyte percentage, and monocyte count are risk factors for the early-stage prediction of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus. As such, our research provides a useful test for doctors to differentiate COVID-19 from influenza.},
}
@article {pmid32490022,
year = {2020},
author = {Gharebaghi, R and Desuatels, J and Moshirfar, M and Parvizi, M and Daryabari, SH and Heidary, F},
title = {COVID-19: Preliminary Clinical Guidelines for Ophthalmology Practices.},
journal = {Medical hypothesis, discovery &amp; innovation ophthalmology journal},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {149-158},
pmid = {32490022},
issn = {2322-4436},
abstract = {The zoonotic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its resultant human coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently appeared as a global health threat that can cause severe respiratory infection and terminal respiratory distress. By the first week of April, more than 1.3 million people had been globally infected and more than 70,000 had lost their lives to this contagious virus. Clinical manifestations occur shortly after exposure, or a few days later. There is controversy regarding the transmission of the virus through the tear and conjunctiva; however, there are reports that the ocular surface might be a potential target for COVID-19. The ease of transmission of this virus at close proximity presents a risk to eyecare workers. Several recommendations have been issued by local and national organizations to address the issue of safe ophthalmic practice during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. These guidelines have numerous similarities; however, subtle differences exist. The purpose of this paper was to discuss measures, with a specific focus on standard precautions, to prevent further dissemination of COVID-19 at Eye Clinics. We have proposed procedures to triage suspected cases of COVID-19, considering emergency conditions.},
}
@article {pmid32490013,
year = {2020},
author = {Reviglio, VE and Osaba, M and Reviglio, V and Chiaradia, P and Kuo, IC and O'Brien, TP},
title = {COVID-19 and Ophthalmology: A New Chapter in an Old Story.},
journal = {Medical hypothesis, discovery &amp; innovation ophthalmology journal},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {71-73},
pmid = {32490013},
issn = {2322-4436},
}
@article {pmid32489939,
year = {2020},
author = {Guo, Y and Hu, X and Yu, F and Chen, J and Zheng, W and Liu, J and Zeng, P},
title = {Abdomen CT findings in a COVID-19 patient with intestinal symptoms and possibly false negative RT-PCR before initial discharge.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1158-1161},
doi = {10.21037/qims-20-463},
pmid = {32489939},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489938,
year = {2020},
author = {Xu, C and Xu, Q and Du, C and Li, J and Hu, Z and Yi, Y},
title = {Radiological follow-up of twelve COVID-19 patients with initially normal chest CT.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1153-1157},
doi = {10.21037/qims-20-539},
pmid = {32489938},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489937,
year = {2020},
author = {Zeng, Y and Fu, J and Yu, X and Huang, Z and Yin, X and Geng, D and Zhang, J},
title = {Should computed tomography (CT) be used as a screening or follow-up tool for asymptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection?.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1150-1152},
doi = {10.21037/qims.2020.04.10},
pmid = {32489937},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489936,
year = {2020},
author = {Tang, L and Cheng, X and Tian, C and Wang, R and Zhou, H and Wu, W and Yan, L and Zeng, X},
title = {Computed tomography (CT) intestinal alterations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the imaging perspective: a case description.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1145-1149},
doi = {10.21037/qims.2020.04.09},
pmid = {32489936},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489935,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, L and Li, C and Zhou, Y and Wang, B and Zhang, J},
title = {Persistent viral shedding lasting over 60 days in a mild COVID-19 patient with ongoing positive SARS-CoV-2.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1141-1144},
doi = {10.21037/qims.2020.04.08},
pmid = {32489935},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489932,
year = {2020},
author = {Deng, L and Ji, L and Meng, Z and Gan, Y and Cheng, G},
title = {Family cluster of asymptomatic infections with COVID-19: a case series of 4 patients.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1127-1132},
doi = {10.21037/qims.2020.04.15},
pmid = {32489932},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489931,
year = {2020},
author = {Lei, S and Wu, Y and Dong, C and Xing, W and Chen, Y and Jia, X and Liu, R and Wang, L and Ye, Y and Zhang, S},
title = {Early minimal lesions of COVID-19 pneumonia with interstitial lung abnormality: a case description.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1121-1126},
doi = {10.21037/qims-20-471},
pmid = {32489931},
issn = {2223-4292},
}
@article {pmid32489929,
year = {2020},
author = {Sun, Z and Zhang, N and Li, Y and Xu, X},
title = {A systematic review of chest imaging findings in COVID-19.},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1058-1079},
doi = {10.21037/qims-20-564},
pmid = {32489929},
issn = {2223-4292},
abstract = {Chest computed tomography (CT) is frequently used in diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for detecting abnormal changes in the lungs and monitoring disease progression during the treatment process. Furthermore, CT imaging appearances are correlated with patients presenting with different clinical scenarios, such as early versus advanced stages, asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients, and severe versus nonsevere situations. However, its role as a screening and diagnostic tool in COVID-19 remains to be clarified. This article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature on chest CT imaging findings with the aim of highlighting the contribution and judicious use of CT in the diagnosis of COVID-19. A search of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus was performed to identify studies reporting chest imaging findings in COVID-19. Chest imaging abnormalities associated with COVID-19 were extracted from the eligible studies and diagnostic value of CT in detecting these abnormal changes was compared between studies consisting of both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. A random-effects model was used to perform meta-analysis for calculation of pooled mean values and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of abnormal imaging findings. Fifty-five studies met the selection criteria and were included in the analysis. Pulmonary lesions more often involved bilateral lungs (78%, 95% CI: 45-100%) and were more likely to have a peripheral (65.35%, 95% CI: 25.93-100%) and peripheral plus central distribution (31.12%, 95% CI: 1.96-74.07%), but less likely to have a central distribution (3.57%, 95% CI: 0.99-9.80%). Ground glass opacities (GGO) (58.05%, 95% CI: 16.67-100%), consolidation (44.18%, 95% CI: 1.61-71.46%) and GGO plus consolidation (52.99%, 95% CI: 19.05-76.79%) were the most common findings reported in 94.5% (52/55) of the studies, followed by air bronchogram (42.50%, 95% CI: 7.78-80.39%), linear opacities (41.29%, 95% CI: 7.44-65.06%), crazy-paving pattern (23.57%, 95% CI: 3.13-91.67%) and interlobular septal thickening (22.91%, 95% CI: 0.90-80.49%). CT has low specificity in differentiating pneumonia-related lung changes due to significant overlap between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients with no significant differences in most of the imaging findings between these two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, normal CT (13.31%, 95% CI: 0.74-38.36%) was reported in 26 (47.3%) studies. Despite widespread use of CT in the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients based on the current literature, CT findings are not pathognomonic as it lacks specificity in differentiating imaging appearances caused by different types of pneumonia. Further, there is a relatively high percentage of normal CT scans. Use of CT as a first-line diagnostic or screening tool in COVID-19 is not recommended.},
}
@article {pmid32489928,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhu, Y and He, Y and Wang, Z and Jin, Z and Zheng, C and Sun, G and Shi, H and Li, H and Li, X and Xiang, H and Lu, L and Zhou, S and Li, T and Li, X and Zhu, H and Huang, M and Duan, F and Shao, H and An, T and Cheng, Y and , },
title = {Chinese Society of Interventional Radiology Expert Consensus on the prevention and control of COVID-19 in interventional radiology procedures (first edition).},
journal = {Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {1045-1057},
doi = {10.21037/qims.2020.04.11},
pmid = {32489928},
issn = {2223-4292},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic seriously threatens the lives of the general public and poses momentous challenges to all medical workers, including those engaged in interventional radiology, who play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. To further standardize the prevention and control of nosocomial infections and ensure the safety of doctors and patients, the Chinese Society of Interventional Radiology (CSIR) organized multidisciplinary experts in the field of interventional radiology in China to prepare an &quot;Expert Consensus&quot; elaborating and summarizing the protective strategies and suggestions for medical workers in the field of interventional radiology when they engage in interventional diagnosis and treatment activities against the background of novel coronavirus infection control. The aim is to provide a reference for interventional procedures in hospitals and other medical institutions at all levels in China and worldwide. The key points include the following: (I) non-emergency interventional diagnosis and treatment should be suspended while work is ongoing to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19; (II) protective measures should be taken according to the appropriate level designated for COVID-19 infection prevention and control; (III) patients should take measures to protect themselves when they want to see a doctor, including accessing outpatient services online and other relevant channels of consultation.},
}
@article {pmid32489804,
year = {2020},
author = {Thienemann, F and Pinto, F and Grobbee, DE and Boehm, M and Bazargani, N and Ge, J and Sliwa, K},
title = {World Heart Federation Briefing on Prevention: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Low-Income Countries.},
journal = {Global heart},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {31},
doi = {10.5334/gh.778},
pmid = {32489804},
issn = {2211-8179},
abstract = {In December 2019, the novel coronavirus Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak started in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province in China. Since then it has spread to many other regions, including low-income countries.},
}
@article {pmid32489751,
year = {2020},
author = {Philips, CA and Kumbar, S and Ahamed, R and Augustine, P},
title = {Managing Acute Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy Bleed During the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: Novelty or Necessity?.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {e8333},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.8333},
pmid = {32489751},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Acute bleeding from portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is an extremely rare event in the natural history of cirrhosis. The treatment recommendations include portal pressure reduction strategies including pharmacotherapy with vasoactive agents and beta-blockers and interventional strategies such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement. In this report, we present the case of a patient with cirrhosis in whom acute PHG-related bleed was managed with endoscopic band ligation, a therapeutic modality which has not been described in current literature. Our decision to re-purpose a technique for variceal bleeding stems from the fact that during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the technical assistance, resource availability, and sourcing of materials that were required for us to follow recommended management guidelines for acute PHG-related bleed was severely affected due to imposed lockdown between districts and states.},
}
@article {pmid32489743,
year = {2020},
author = {Lahiri, D and Ardila, A},
title = {COVID-19 Pandemic: A Neurological Perspective.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {e7889},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.7889},
pmid = {32489743},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Even though severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been observed to principally affect the respiratory system, neurological involvements have already been reported in some published work. We have reviewed original articles, case reports, and existing open-source data-sets to delineate the spectrum of neurological disorders potentially observed in SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. Neurological involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) corresponds to three situations: (a) neurological manifestations of viral infection, (b) post-infective neurological complications, and (c) infection in patients with neurological co-morbidity. Neurological manifestations can further be subdivided into the central nervous system (headache, dizziness, alteration of the sensorium, ataxia encephalitis, stroke, and seizures) and peripheral nervous system (skeletal muscle injury and peripheral nerve involvement including hyposmia and hypogeusia) symptomatology. Post-infective neurological complications include demyelinating conditions. Reduced mobility and dementia as co-morbidities may predispose a patient to have a viral infection. It is concluded that the pandemic of COVID-19 presents for a neurologist some unique challenges. We observe that SARS-CoV-2 may have various neurological manifestations and in many cases, neurological features may precede typical respiratory symptoms.},
}
@article {pmid32489730,
year = {2020},
author = {Jee, M and Khamoudes, D and Brennan, AM and O'Donnell, J},
title = {COVID-19 Outbreak Response for an Emergency Department Using In Situ Simulation.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {e7876},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.7876},
pmid = {32489730},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {In January 2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 an epidemic in China and the possibility of evolving into a pandemic. During early phases, most emergency departments did not have contingency plans for an outbreak of this scale and therefore necessitating adequate preparation. This study aims to describe the utility of in situ simulation in identifying system errors and latent safety hazards in response to preparation for the expected COVID-19 surge. We also aim to describe the corrective measures taken to improve our outbreak response locally. We hope that others may be able to use this information as foresight in preparing their own departments for this outbreak. The emergency department and anesthesiology department of Galway University Hospital conducted a series of multidisciplinary, in situ simulations to rapidly identify operational errors and latent safety hazards in response to this outbreak. Each simulation involved an interdisciplinary response to a suspected/COVID-19 patient. The cases were used as a training opportunity for staff and ultimately a platform to expeditiously implement system changes in response to deficits identified during the simulations. Conclusively, with the complexities and intricate structure of every emergency department, we understood that preparation for an outbreak requires evaluation of the current system before implementing any changes. It is not a &quot;one size fits all&quot; concept. Therefore, conducting in situ simulations and the use of foresight, is pivotal as it could prevent loss of resources and time in preparing for an outbreak.},
}
@article {pmid32489724,
year = {2020},
author = {Haddadi, K and Ghasemian, R and Shafizad, M},
title = {Basal Ganglia Involvement and Altered Mental Status: A Unique Neurological Manifestation of Coronavirus Disease 2019.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {e7869},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.7869},
pmid = {32489724},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Like other respiratory viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may enter the central nervous system (CNS) via the hematogenous or neuronal path. However, neurological complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been reported frequently. Encephalopathy has been described as a presenting symptom or complication of COVID-19 in some reports. We report a case of a 54-year-old patient who presented with unique clinical characteristics and imaging with brain basal ganglia involvement likely due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In our experience, the incidence of spontaneous bilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage is rare. Further study will be needed to investigate this finding of the CNS and altered mental status in patients with this new type of coronavirus infection. Based on the case presented and other cases, understanding the pathways of virus neuroinvasion is necessary to help recognize possible pathologically related consequences of infection and to evaluate new diagnostic and management approaches that will help improve SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment and control.},
}
@article {pmid32489711,
year = {2020},
author = {Liu, H and Chen, S and Liu, M and Nie, H and Lu, H},
title = {Comorbid Chronic Diseases are Strongly Correlated with Disease Severity among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {668-678},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0502},
pmid = {32489711},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide since December 2019. In order to explore the effects of comorbid chronic diseases on clinical outcomes of COVID-19, a search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CDC, and NIH databases to April 25, 2020. A total of 24 peer-reviewed articles, including 10948 COVID-19 cases were selected. We found diabetes was present in 10.0%, coronary artery disease/cardiovascular disease (CAD/CVD) was in 8.0%, and hypertension was in 20.0%, which were much higher than that of chronic pulmonary disease (3.0%). Specifically, preexisting chronic conditions are strongly correlated with disease severity [Odds ratio (OR) 3.50, 95% CI 1.78 to 6.90], and being admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.67 to 6.76); in addition, compared to COVID-19 patients with no preexisting chronic diseases, COVID-19 patients who present with either diabetes, hypertension, CAD/CVD, or chronic pulmonary disease have a higher risk of developing severe disease, with an OR of 2.61 (95% CI 1.93 to 3.52), 2.84 (95% CI 2.22 to 3.63), 4.18 (95% CI 2.87 to 6.09) and 3.83 (95% CI 2.15 to 6.80), respectively. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between chronic conditions and increased risk of mortality (OR 2.09, 95% CI 0.26 to16.67). Taken together, cardio-metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and CAD/CVD were more common than chronic pulmonary disease in COVID-19 patients, however, each comorbid disease was correlated with increased disease severity. After active treatment, increased risk of mortality in patients with preexisting chronic diseases may reduce.},
}
@article {pmid32489708,
year = {2020},
author = {Dong, X and Wang, M and Liu, S and Zhu, J and Xu, Y and Cao, H and Li, L},
title = {Immune Characteristics of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {642-648},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0317},
pmid = {32489708},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {Up to now, little is known about the detailed immune profiles of COVID-19 patients from admission to discharge. In this study we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 18 COVID-19 patients from January 30, 2020 to February 21, 2020. These patients were divided into two groups; group 1 had a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleic acid-positive duration for more than 15 days (n = 6) and group 2 had a nucleic acid-positive duration for less than 15 days (n = 12). Group 1 patients had lower level of peripheral blood lymphocytes (0.40 vs. 0.78 ×109/L, p = 0.024) and serum potassium (3.36 vs. 3.79 mmol/L, p = 0.043) on admission but longer hospitalization days (23.17 vs. 15.75 days, p < 0.001) compared to Group 2 patients. Moreover, baseline level of lymphocytes (r = -0.62, p = 0.006) was negatively correlated with the nucleic acid-positive duration. Additionally, lymphocytes (420.83 vs. 1100.56 /μL), T cells (232.50 vs. 706.78 /μL), CD4+ T cells (114.67 vs. 410.44 /μL), and CD8+ T cells (94.83 vs. 257.44 /μL) in the peripheral blood analyzed by flow cytometry were significantly different between Group 1and Group 2. Furthermore, there was also a negative correlation between lymphocytes (r = -0.54, p = 0.038) or T cells (r = -0.55, p = 0.034) at diagnosis and the nucleic acid-positive duration, separately. In conclusion, the patients with nucleic acid-positive ≥ 15 days had significantly decreased lymphocytes, T cell and its subsets compared to those who remained positive for less than 15 days.},
}
@article {pmid32489698,
year = {2020},
author = {Fulzele, S and Sahay, B and Yusufu, I and Lee, TJ and Sharma, A and Kolhe, R and Isales, CM},
title = {COVID-19 Virulence in Aged Patients Might Be Impacted by the Host Cellular MicroRNAs Abundance/Profile.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {509-522},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0428},
pmid = {32489698},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {The World health organization (WHO) declared Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic and a severe public health crisis. Drastic measures to combat COVID-19 are warranted due to its contagiousness and higher mortality rates, specifically in the aged patient population. At the current stage, due to the lack of effective treatment strategies for COVID-19 innovative approaches need to be considered. It is well known that host cellular miRNAs can directly target both viral 3'UTR and coding region of the viral genome to induce the antiviral effect. In this study, we did in silico analysis of human miRNAs targeting SARS (4 isolates) and COVID-19 (29 recent isolates from different regions) genome and correlated our findings with aging and underlying conditions. We found 848 common miRNAs targeting the SARS genome and 873 common microRNAs targeting the COVID-19 genome. Out of a total of 848 miRNAs from SARS, only 558 commonly present in all COVID-19 isolates. Interestingly, 315 miRNAs are unique for COVID-19 isolates and 290 miRNAs unique to SARS. We also noted that out of 29 COVID-19 isolates, 19 isolates have identical miRNA targets. The COVID-19 isolates, Netherland (EPI_ISL_422601), Australia (EPI_ISL_413214), and Wuhan (EPI_ISL_403931) showed six, four, and four unique miRNAs targets, respectively. Furthermore, GO, and KEGG pathway analysis showed that COVID-19 targeting human miRNAs involved in various age-related signaling and diseases. Recent studies also suggested that some of the human miRNAs targeting COVID-19 decreased with aging and underlying conditions. GO and KEGG identified impaired signaling pathway may be due to low abundance miRNA which might be one of the contributing factors for the increasing severity and mortality in aged individuals and with other underlying conditions. Further, in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate some of these targets and identify potential therapeutic targets.},
}
@article {pmid32489696,
year = {2020},
author = {Lara, PC and Nguyen, NP and Macias-Verde, D and Burgos-Burgos, J and Arenas, M and Zamagni, A and Vinh-Hung, V and Baumert, BG and Motta, M and Myint, AS and Bonet, M and Popescu, T and Vuong, T and Appalanaido, GK and Trigo, L and Karlsson, U and Thariat, J},
title = {Whole-lung Low Dose Irradiation for SARS-Cov2 Induced Pneumonia in the Geriatric Population: An Old Effective Treatment for a New Disease? Recommendation of the International Geriatric Radiotherapy Group.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {489-493},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0506},
pmid = {32489696},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {A cytokine storm induced by SARS-Cov2 may produce pneumonitis which may be fatal for older patients with underlying lung disease. Hyper-elevation of Interleukin1 (IL-1), Tumor necrosis factor-1alfa (TNF-1 alfa), and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) produced by inflammatory macrophage M1 may damage the lung alveoli leading to severe pneumonitis, decreased oxygenation, and potential death despite artificial ventilation. Older patients may not be suitable candidates for pharmaceutical intervention targeting IL-1/6 blockade or artificial ventilation. Low dose total lung (LDTL) irradiation at a single dose of 50 cGy may stop this cytokine cascade, thus preventing, and/or reversing normal organs damage. This therapy has been proven in the past to be effective against pneumonitis of diverse etiology and could be used to prevent death of older infected patients. Thus, LDRT radiotherapy may be a cost-effective treatment for this frail patient population whom radiation -induced malignancy is not a concern because of their advanced age. This hypothesis should be tested in future prospective trials.},
}
@article {pmid32489695,
year = {2020},
author = {Chakrabarti, SS and Kaur, U and Banerjee, A and Ganguly, U and Banerjee, T and Saha, S and Parashar, G and Prasad, S and Chakrabarti, S and Mittal, A and Agrawal, BK and Rawal, RK and Zhao, RC and Gambhir, IS and Khanna, R and Shetty, AK and Jin, K and Chakrabarti, S},
title = {COVID-19 in India: Are Biological and Environmental Factors Helping to Stem the Incidence and Severity?.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {480-488},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0402},
pmid = {32489695},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {The ongoing Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic has witnessed global political responses of unimaginable proportions. Many nations have implemented lockdowns that involve mandating citizens not to leave their residences for non-essential work. The Indian government has taken appropriate and commendable steps to curtail the community spread of COVID-19. While this may be extremely beneficial, this perspective discusses the other reasons why COVID-19 may have a lesser impact on India. We analyze the current pattern of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, testing, and mortality in India with an emphasis on the importance of mortality as a marker of the clinical relevance of COVID-19 disease. We also analyze the environmental and biological factors which may lessen the impact of COVID-19 in India. The importance of cross-immunity, innate immune responses, ACE polymorphism, and viral genetic mutations are discussed.},
}
@article {pmid32489694,
year = {2020},
author = {Öztürk, S and Elçin, AE and Elçin, YM},
title = {Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Induced Pneumonia: Revisiting the Paracrine Hypothesis with New Hopes?.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {477-479},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0403},
pmid = {32489694},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) bear a promising potential for regenerative medicine therapies and they repair damaged tissue through secretion of immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory molecules acting in a paracrine fashion. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread all over the world with high morbidity and mortality rates and there is no specific treatment for this infection. A recent study published in the journal reports that MSC infusion is safe and effective in patients suffering from COVID-19 induced pneumonia. In the light of this study and previous reports, we make additional comments about possible therapeutic effects of MSCs in COVID-19 infection.},
}
@article {pmid32489692,
year = {2020},
author = {Gentile, P and Sterodimas, A},
title = {Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs) and Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) as a Potential Therapy in Combating (COVID-19)-Disease.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {465-469},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2020.0422},
pmid = {32489692},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {A recent and interesting study reported improved respiratory activity after intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These outcomes displayed that intravenous infiltration of MSCs is a safe and efficacy treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia, a severe acute respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Only 7 patients were treated, but with extraordinary results, opening a new strategy in COVID-19 therapy. Currently, no specific therapies against SARS-CoV-2 are available. The MSCs therapy outcomes reported, are striking, as these cells inhibit the over-activation of the immune system, promoting endogenous repair, by improving the lung microenvironment after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The MSCs could represent an effective, autologous and safe therapy, and therefore, sharing these published results, here is reported the potential use possibilities in COVID-19 of the most common MSCs represented by Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs).},
}
@article {pmid32489666,
year = {2020},
author = {Ciment, AJ and Ciment, LM},
title = {A 55-year-old COVID-19-positive man managed with self-regulation of high-flow oxygen by high-velocity nasal insufflation therapy.},
journal = {Respirology case reports},
volume = {8},
number = {5},
pages = {e00591},
doi = {10.1002/rcr2.591},
pmid = {32489666},
issn = {2051-3380},
abstract = {Management of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients remains both risky and technically challenging. A 55-year-old male COVID-19-positive patient with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), diabetes, and obesity presented with cough and shortness of breath, escalating to requiring high-flow oxygen therapy by high-velocity nasal insufflation. The patient's flow rate and oxygen fraction remained labile throughout much of the hospitalization. This lability required frequent clinician interactions and use of personal protective equipment. The patient was alert and oriented and was instructed on the operation of the high-flow system, specifically the adjustment of both flow rate and oxygen percentage. The patient was instructed to modify oxygen to maintain an SpO2 (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation) target range, and flow rate to address dyspnoea as well as reduction of flow as tolerated when other staff entered the room. The patient was successfully self-regulated for 10 days and was discharged on 2 L/min nasal cannula on day 14 of his illness.},
}
@article {pmid32489655,
year = {2020},
author = {Lau, G and Ward, JW},
title = {Synthesis of Liver Associations Recommendations for Hepatology and Liver Transplant Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Clinical liver disease},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {204-209},
doi = {10.1002/cld.972},
pmid = {32489655},
issn = {2046-2484},
}
@article {pmid32489654,
year = {2020},
author = {Reddy, KR},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 and the Liver: Considerations in Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections.},
journal = {Clinical liver disease},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {191-194},
doi = {10.1002/cld.970},
pmid = {32489654},
issn = {2046-2484},
}
@article {pmid32489652,
year = {2020},
author = {Ward, JW and Del Rio, C},
title = {The COVID-19 Pandemic: An Epidemiologic, Public Health, and Clinical Brief.},
journal = {Clinical liver disease},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {170-174},
doi = {10.1002/cld.973},
pmid = {32489652},
issn = {2046-2484},
}
@article {pmid32489645,
year = {2020},
author = {Fernandes, TM and Papamatheakis, DG and Poch, DS and Kim, NH},
title = {Letter to the Editor regarding &quot;Could pulmonary arterial hypertension patients be at lower risk from severe COVID-19?&quot;.},
journal = {Pulmonary circulation},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {2045894020925761},
doi = {10.1177/2045894020925761},
pmid = {32489645},
issn = {2045-8932},
}
@article {pmid32489523,
year = {2020},
author = {Olff, M and Bakker, A and Frewen, P and Aakvaag, H and Ajdukovic, D and Brewer, D and Elmore Borbon, DL and Cloitre, M and Hyland, P and Kassam-Adams, N and Knefel, M and Lanza, JA and Lueger-Schuster, B and Nickerson, A and Oe, M and Pfaltz, MC and Salgado, C and Seedat, S and Wagner, A and Schnyder, U},
title = {Screening for consequences of trauma - an update on the global collaboration on traumatic stress.},
journal = {European journal of psychotraumatology},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {1752504},
doi = {10.1080/20008198.2020.1752504},
pmid = {32489523},
issn = {2000-8066},
abstract = {This letter provides an update on the activities of &quot;The Global Collaboration on Traumatic Stress&quot; (GC-TS) as first described by Schnyder et al. in 2017. It presents in further detail the projects of the first theme, in particular the development of and initial data on the Global Psychotrauma Screen (GPS), a brief instrument designed to screen for the wide range of potential outcomes of trauma. English language data and ongoing studies in several languages provide a first indication that the GPS is a feasible, reliable and valid tool, a tool that may be very useful in the current pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further multi-language and cross-cultural validation is needed. Since the start of the GC-TS, new themes have been introduced to focus on in the coming years: a) Forcibly displaced persons, b) Global prevalence of stress and trauma related disorders, c) Socio-emotional development across cultures, and d) Collaborating to make traumatic stress research data &quot;FAIR&quot;. The most recent theme added is that of Global crises, currently focusing on COVID-19-related projects.},
}
@article {pmid32489509,
year = {2020},
author = {Al-Lawama, M},
title = {Neonatologists' Challenges During COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine research},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {323-324},
doi = {10.14740/jocmr4146},
pmid = {32489509},
issn = {1918-3003},
}
@article {pmid32489508,
year = {2020},
author = {Bittmann, S and Weissenstein, A and Villalon, G and Moschuring-Alieva, E and Luchter, E},
title = {Simultaneous Treatment of COVID-19 With Serine Protease Inhibitor Camostat and/or Cathepsin L Inhibitor?.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine research},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {320-322},
doi = {10.14740/jocmr4161},
pmid = {32489508},
issn = {1918-3003},
}
@article {pmid32489507,
year = {2020},
author = {Balla, M and Merugu, GP and Pokal, M and Gayam, V and Adapa, S and Naramala, S and Konala, VM},
title = {A Comprehensive Approach Is Vital for Diagnosing COVID-19: A Case of False Negative.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine research},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {315-319},
doi = {10.14740/jocmr4173},
pmid = {32489507},
issn = {1918-3003},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading at a rapid pace throughout the world, and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as pandemic on March 11, 2020. We present a case of COVID-19 patient whose reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) initially was false negative and later turned positive, which will stress the importance of a comprehensive approach while evaluating a patient with a differential of COVID-19. The clinicians should be aware of the sensitivity and specificities of these tests which can have grave implications on the patient and community if the diagnosis is missed just based on the laboratory tests due to the highly contagious nature of the disease.},
}
@article {pmid32489502,
year = {2020},
author = {Adapa, S and Aeddula, NR and Konala, VM and Chenna, A and Naramala, S and Madhira, BR and Gayam, V and Balla, M and Muppidi, V and Bose, S},
title = {COVID-19 and Renal Failure: Challenges in the Delivery of Renal Replacement Therapy.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine research},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {276-285},
doi = {10.14740/jocmr4160},
pmid = {32489502},
issn = {1918-3003},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first officially reported in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China, and has since lead to a pandemic. Most cases result in minor symptoms such as cough, fever, sore throat, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, loss of smell, and abdominal pain. As of April 8, 2020, more than 1,485,000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported in more than 200 countries and territories, resulting in over 90,000 deaths. Outcomes are worse in elderly patients, particularly males, and those with comorbidities, but can affect any age group. The incidence of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 infection is about 3-15%; and in patients with severe infection requiring care in the intensive care unit, the rates of acute kidney injury increased significantly from 15% to 50%. Acute kidney injury is an independent risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients. The nephrologists, as well as intensivists, are facing immense daily challenges while providing care for these patients in the inpatient setting as well as end-stage renal disease patients on chronic dialysis in both inpatient and outpatient settings. In the current review article, we discussed the epidemiology and etiology of acute kidney injury, management of acute kidney injury including renal replacement therapy options (both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) for inpatient floor, as well as intensive care unit settings. We also discussed the challenges faced by the outpatient dialysis units with COVID-19 infection. We discussed measures required to limit the spread of infection, as well as summarized the guidance as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Society of Nephrology (ASN), American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology (ASDIN) and the Vascular Access Society of the Americas (VASA).},
}
@article {pmid32489501,
year = {2020},
author = {Nakajima, K},
title = {Serious Conditions in COVID-19 Accompanied With a Feature of Metabolic Syndrome.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine research},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {273-275},
doi = {10.14740/jocmr4187},
pmid = {32489501},
issn = {1918-3003},
}
@article {pmid32489447,
year = {2020},
author = {Yasri, S and Wiwanitkit, V},
title = {Hemoptysis in COVID-19: Observation.},
journal = {Annals of thoracic medicine},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {102},
doi = {10.4103/atm.ATM_67_20},
pmid = {32489447},
issn = {1817-1737},
}
@article {pmid32489437,
year = {2020},
author = {Arabi, YM and Asseri, A and Webb, S and Marshall, J and Al Moamary, MS},
title = {Clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019: What is being evaluated and what is not.},
journal = {Annals of thoracic medicine},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {49-51},
doi = {10.4103/atm.ATM_99_20},
pmid = {32489437},
issn = {1817-1737},
abstract = {Since the report of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in late December 2019, there have been 204 610 cases worldwide as of 18 March, 2020. As part of the response to this outbreak, there has been an impressive amount of research undertaken to better characterize the disease and to evaluate therapeutic options. By March 12, 2020, there are more than 382 studies registered in the clinical trials databases addressing COVID-19 including more than 80 randomized controlled trials.},
}
@article {pmid32489403,
year = {2020},
author = {Martin, D and Platt, S and Hampshire, P and Meadows, C},
title = {COVID-19: An update from England's high consequence infectious diseases intensive care unit leads.},
journal = {Journal of the Intensive Care Society},
volume = {21},
number = {2},
pages = {99-101},
doi = {10.1177/1751143720918517},
pmid = {32489403},
issn = {1751-1437},
}
@article {pmid32489343,
year = {2020},
author = {Kalan, ME and Ghobadi, H and Taleb, ZB and Ward, KD and Adham, D and Matin, S and Fazlzadeh, M and Narimani, S},
title = {Descriptive characteristics of hospitalized adult smokers and never-smokers with COVID-19.},
journal = {Tobacco induced diseases},
volume = {18},
number = {},
pages = {46},
doi = {10.18332/tid/122759},
pmid = {32489343},
issn = {1617-9625},
}
@article {pmid32489251,
year = {2020},
author = {Ahmed, S and Barbera, L and Bartlett, SJ and Bebb, DG and Brundage, M and Bryan, S and Cheung, WY and Coburn, N and Crump, T and Cuthbertson, L and Howell, D and Klassen, AF and Leduc, S and Li, M and Mayo, NE and McKinnon, G and Olson, R and Pink, J and Robinson, JW and Santana, MJ and Sawatzky, R and Moxam, RS and Sinclair, S and Servidio-Italiano, F and Temple, W},
title = {A catalyst for transforming health systems and person-centred care: Canadian national position statement on patient-reported outcomes.},
journal = {Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {90-99},
doi = {10.3747/co.27.6399},
pmid = {32489251},
issn = {1718-7729},
abstract = {Background: Patient-reported outcomes (pros) are essential to capture the patient's perspective and to influence care. Although pros and pro measures are known to have many important benefits, they are not consistently being used and there is there no Canadian pros oversight. The Position Statement presented here is the first step toward supporting the implementation of pros in the Canadian health care setting.<br><br>Methods: The Canadian pros National Steering Committee drafted position statements, which were submitted for stakeholder feedback before, during, and after the first National Canadian Patient Reported Outcomes (canpros) scientific conference, 14-15 November 2019 in Calgary, Alberta. In addition to the stakeholder feedback cycle, a patient advocate group submitted a section to capture the patient voice.<br><br>Results: The canpros Position Statement is an outcome of the 2019 canpros scientific conference, with an oncology focus. The Position Statement is categorized into 6 sections covering 4 theme areas: Patient and Families, Health Policy, Clinical Implementation, and Research. The patient voice perfectly mirrors the recommendations that the experts reached by consensus and provides an overriding impetus for the use of pros in health care.<br><br>Conclusions: Although our vision of pros transforming the health care system to be more patient-centred is still aspirational, the Position Statement presented here takes a first step toward providing recommendations in key areas to align Canadian efforts. The Position Statement is directed toward a health policy audience; future iterations will target other audiences, including researchers, clinicians, and patients. Our intent is that future versions will broaden the focus to include chronic diseases beyond cancer.},
}
@article {pmid32489248,
year = {2020},
author = {Gill, S and Hao, D and Hirte, H and Campbell, A and Colwell, B},
title = {Impact of COVID-19 on Canadian medical oncologists and cancer care: Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists survey report.},
journal = {Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {71-74},
doi = {10.3747/co.27.6643},
pmid = {32489248},
issn = {1718-7729},
abstract = {Background: The covid-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented professional and personal challenges for the oncology community. Under the auspices of the Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists, we conducted an online national survey to better understand the impact of the pandemic on the medical oncology community in Canada.<br><br>Methods: An English-language multiple-choice survey, including questions about demographics, covid-19 risk, use of personal protective equipment (ppe), personal challenges, and chemotherapy management was distributed to Canadian medical oncologists. The survey was open from 30 March to 4 April 2020, and attracted 159 responses.<br><br>Results: More than 70% of medical oncologists expressed moderate-to-extreme concern about personally contracting covid-19 and about family members or patients (or both) contracting covid-19 from them. Despite that high level of concern, considerable variability in the use of ppe in direct cancer care was reported at the time of this survey, with 33% of respondents indicating no routine ppe use at their institutions and 69% indicating uncertainty about access to adequate ppe. Of the respondents, 54% were experiencing feelings of nervousness or anxiety on most days, and 52% were having feelings of depression or hopelessness on at least some days. Concern about aging parents or family and individual wellness represented the top personal challenges identified. The management of cancer patients has been affected, with adoption of telemedicine reported by 82% of respondents, and cessation of clinical trial accrual reported by 54%. The 3 factors deemed most important for treatment decision-making were■ cancer prognosis and anticipated benefit from treatment,■ risk of treatment toxicity during scarce health care access, and■ patient risk of contracting covid-19.<br><br>Conclusions: This report describes the results of the first national survey assessing the impact of the covid-19 on Canadian medical oncologists and how they deliver systemic anticancer therapies. We hope that these data will provide a framework to address the challenges identified.},
}
@article {pmid32489244,
year = {2020},
author = {Varatharajah, N and Rajah, S},
title = {Microthrombotic Complications of COVID-19 Are Likely Due to Embolism of Circulating Endothelial Derived Ultralarge Von Willebrand Factor (eULVWF) Decorated-Platelet Strings.},
journal = {Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS},
volume = {37},
number = {6},
pages = {e1-e2},
pmid = {32489244},
issn = {1078-4497},
}
@article {pmid32489191,
year = {2020},
author = {Costantini, A and Mazzotti, E},
title = {Italian validation of CoViD-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index and preliminary data in a sample of general population.},
journal = {Rivista di psichiatria},
volume = {55},
number = {3},
pages = {145-151},
doi = {10.1708/3382.33570},
pmid = {32489191},
issn = {2038-2502},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Peritraumatic distress is an important predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder and although several questionnaires are available for its measurement, none of these are specific to CoViD-19. The new CoViD-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI), developed in China, is characterized as a rapid compilation tool (10 minutes), easily understandable and appreciated by people.<br><br>AIM: The objectives of this study were: (1) the validation of the Italian version of the CPDI, and (2) the measurement of the prevalence of peritraumatic distress in this phase 1 CoViD-19.<br><br>METHOD: CPDI has been translated using a standard forward-backward-translation procedure and offered online to 329 people (191 females and 137 males, aged 46.49 ± 13.58 years). The CPDI showed an internal-consistency of Cronbach's α =0.916. Content validity was judged satisfactory by two psychologists experienced in stress and trauma. The construct validity is given by the high correlation with the dimensions of Intrusion, Avoidance and Hyperarousal as measured by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (r=0.63, r=0.57, r=0.71, respectively).<br><br>RESULTS: Our results are comparable to the Chinese ones. A third of people experienced symptoms of mild/moderate and severe peritraumatic distress. Females have higher scores, compared to males. Older people are more resilient, compared to younger, and those who have been in quarantine report less distress than those didn't, as evidenced by the results of the multivariate logistic regression model. High distress was associated with use of psychotropic drugs (AOR=4.28; 95% CI=1.55-11.85), sleeping remedies (AOR=4.05; 95% CI=2.07-7.94), be worried about dying in case of contagion CoViD-19 (AOR=3.33; 95% CI=1.83-6.06), female gender (AOR=2.95; 95% CI=1.58-5.53) and have a religious belief (AOR=1.97; 95% CI=1.05-3.70). To be aged 51-71 years, to have been in quarantine and to have received psychological support were variables associated with lower distress scores.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric properties of the Italian version are satisfactory and confirm that CPDI is a tool fast, non-intrusive, administered online, and therefore 'safe' in a phase with a high risk of contagion. It allows, like a psychic thermoscan, to quickly detect the needs of the population and propose equally rapid interventions.},
}
@article {pmid32489190,
year = {2020},
author = {Talevi, D and Socci, V and Carai, M and Carnaghi, G and Faleri, S and Trebbi, E and di Bernardo, A and Capelli, F and Pacitti, F},
title = {Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Rivista di psichiatria},
volume = {55},
number = {3},
pages = {137-144},
doi = {10.1708/3382.33569},
pmid = {32489190},
issn = {2038-2502},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19) caused by the novel Coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2 is currently a pandemic. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared that the CoViD-19 outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern. The virus has already had a direct impact on the physical health of million people, and besides, it is supposed to pose a mental health threat of great magnitude globally. This review aims at synthesizing mounting evidence concerning the immediate psychological responses during the initial stage of the CoViD-19 pandemic among the general population, the health-care workers, and clinical populations. Experts point out the need to pay specific attention to other groups at risk of further distress that may need tailored interventions. Providing psychological first aid is an essential care component for populations that have been victims of emergencies and disasters, before, during and after the event. With the aim of dealing better with the urgent psychological problems of people involved in the CoViD-19 pandemic, a new psychological crisis intervention model is needed. Given the recommendation to minimize face-to-face interaction, online mental health services have been widely adopted in China and are urged in other countries.},
}
@article {pmid32489189,
year = {2020},
author = {Biondi, M and Iannitelli, A},
title = {CoViD-19 and stress in the pandemic: &quot;sanity is not statistical&quot;.},
journal = {Rivista di psichiatria},
volume = {55},
number = {3},
pages = {1e-6e},
doi = {10.1708/3382.33568},
pmid = {32489189},
issn = {2038-2502},
abstract = {CoViD-19 pandemic is causing serious consequences on mental health, consequences that are considered that bad that World Health Organization has affirmed that mental health defence is priority in this particular moment of development of pandemic. In light of this alertness, what we are interested in approaching in this work, is the specific stress condition caused by pandemic, which underlies and precedes the described classification of diseases and which is going towards an increase in the entire world, including . The stress caused by pandemic is a new condition in comparison with what is known in clinical practice and with what is included in the classification of mental disorder. The ongoing stress condition and the mixture of different types of unconventional stress, which not only hits the present but also disrupts the future, create an entirely new form of clinical condition given by pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32489188,
year = {2020},
author = {Biondi, M and Iannitelli, A},
title = {[CoViD-19 and stress in the pandemic: &quot;sanity is not statistical&quot;].},
journal = {Rivista di psichiatria},
volume = {55},
number = {3},
pages = {131-136},
doi = {10.1708/3382.33567},
pmid = {32489188},
issn = {2038-2502},
abstract = {CoViD-19 pandemic is causing serious consequences on mental health, consequences that are considered that bad that World Health Organization has affirmed that mental health defence is priority in this particular moment of development of pandemic. In light of this alertness, what we are interested in approaching in this work, is the specific stress condition caused by pandemic, which underlies and precedes the described classification of diseases and which is going towards an increase in the entire world, including Italy. The stress caused by pandemic is a new condition in comparison with what is known in clinical practice and with what is included in the classification of mental disorder. The ongoing stress condition and the mixture of different types of unconventional stress, which not only hits the present but also disrupts the future, create an entirely new form of clinical condition given by pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32489179,
year = {2020},
author = {Heavey, L and Casey, G and Kelly, C and Kelly, D and McDarby, G},
title = {No evidence of secondary transmission of COVID-19 from children attending school in Ireland, 2020.},
journal = {Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin},
volume = {25},
number = {21},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.21.2000903},
pmid = {32489179},
issn = {1560-7917},
abstract = {As many countries begin to lift some of the restrictions to contain COVID-19 spread, lack of evidence of transmission in the school setting remains. We examined Irish notifications of SARS-CoV2 in the school setting before school closures on 12 March 2020 and identified no paediatric transmission. This adds to current evidence that children do not appear to be drivers of transmission, and we argue that reopening schools should be considered safe accompanied by certain measures.},
}
@article {pmid32489177,
year = {2020},
author = {Corman, VM and Drosten, C},
title = {Authors' response: SARS-CoV-2 detection by real-time RT-PCR.},
journal = {Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin},
volume = {25},
number = {21},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.21.2001035},
pmid = {32489177},
issn = {1560-7917},
}
@article {pmid32489176,
year = {2020},
author = {Augustin, M and Schommers, P and Suárez, I and Koehler, P and Gruell, H and Klein, F and Maurer, C and Langerbeins, P and Priesner, V and Schmidt-Hellerau, K and Malin, JJ and Stecher, M and Jung, N and Wiesmüller, G and Meissner, A and Zweigner, J and Langebartels, G and Kolibay, F and Suárez, V and Burst, V and Valentin, P and Schedler, D and Cornely, OA and Hallek, M and Fätkenheuer, G and Rybniker, J and Lehmann, C},
title = {Rapid response infrastructure for pandemic preparedness in a tertiary care hospital: lessons learned from the COVID-19 outbreak in Cologne, Germany, February to March 2020.},
journal = {Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin},
volume = {25},
number = {21},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.21.2000531},
pmid = {32489176},
issn = {1560-7917},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous pressure on hospital infrastructures such as emergency rooms (ER) and outpatient departments. To avoid malfunctioning of critical services because of large numbers of potentially infected patients seeking consultation, we established a COVID-19 rapid response infrastructure (CRRI), which instantly restored ER functionality. The CRRI was also used for testing of hospital personnel, provided epidemiological data and was a highly effective response to increasing numbers of suspected COVID-19 cases.},
}
@article {pmid32489175,
year = {2020},
author = {Pillonel, T and Scherz, V and Jaton, K and Greub, G and Bertelli, C},
title = {Letter to the editor: SARS-CoV-2 detection by real-time RT-PCR.},
journal = {Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin},
volume = {25},
number = {21},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.21.2000880},
pmid = {32489175},
issn = {1560-7917},
}
@article {pmid32489171,
year = {2020},
author = {Bone, A and Barton, E and Hoskins, S and Holborow, A and Johnston, C and Blyth, I and Evans, J and Healy, B},
title = {Contamination of FFP3 masks with SARS-COV-2 during endotracheal intubation.},
journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-6},
doi = {10.1017/ice.2020.269},
pmid = {32489171},
issn = {1559-6834},
}
@article {pmid32489166,
year = {2020},
author = {Chong, TWH and Curran, E and Ames, D and Lautenschlager, NT and Castle, DJ},
title = {Mental health of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from history to guide our future.},
journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-4},
doi = {10.1017/S1041610220001003},
pmid = {32489166},
issn = {1741-203X},
}
@article {pmid32489164,
year = {2020},
author = {Braillon, A},
title = {Lack of transparency during the COVID-19: nurturing a future and more devastating crisis.},
journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-3},
doi = {10.1017/ice.2020.271},
pmid = {32489164},
issn = {1559-6834},
abstract = {CoI: I am an unpaid member of the Haut Conseil de la Santé Publique (High Council of Public Health), the expert body of the Ministry of Health for the French government.},
}
@article {pmid32489162,
year = {2020},
author = {Wendt, R and Nagel, S and Nickel, O and Wolf, J and Kalbitz, S and Kaiser, T and Borte, S and Lübbert, C},
title = {Comprehensive investigation of an in-hospital transmission cluster of a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive physician among patients and healthcare workers in Germany.},
journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-12},
doi = {10.1017/ice.2020.268},
pmid = {32489162},
issn = {1559-6834},
}
@article {pmid32489160,
year = {2020},
author = {Yang, CJ and Chen, TC and Kuo, SH and Hsieh, MH and Chen, YH},
title = {Severe Complicated Influenza Declined During the Prevention of COVID-19 in Taiwan.},
journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-8},
doi = {10.1017/ice.2020.272},
pmid = {32489160},
issn = {1559-6834},
}
@article {pmid32489152,
year = {2020},
author = {Quick, J},
title = {COVID-19: A personal thank you to all perioperative practitioners and other key workers.},
journal = {Journal of perioperative practice},
volume = {30},
number = {6},
pages = {152},
doi = {10.1177/1750458920928241},
pmid = {32489152},
issn = {2515-7949},
}
@article {pmid32489149,
year = {2020},
author = {Fawaz, M and Samaha, A},
title = {The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to COVID-19: A qualitative study of Lebanese health care workers.},
journal = {The International journal of social psychiatry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {20764020932202},
doi = {10.1177/0020764020932202},
pmid = {32489149},
issn = {1741-2854},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Since the outbreak of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), health care professionals in Lebanon have been diligently serving as the frontline of defense. In the light of challenging economic and political circumstances, putting their community wellbeing as a priority, and abiding by quarantine and strict infection control measures, health care professionals risk both their physical and mental wellbeing.<br><br>OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to COVID-19 among Lebanese health care professionals.<br><br>METHOD: An exploratory qualitative research design was employed, where semi-structured interviews were carried out involving a sample of 13 Lebanese health care providers working at various COVID-19 units.<br><br>RESULTS: The qualitative analysis has revealed four themes namely 'Fears of contracting and spreading the virus', 'Conflict between professional duty and family obligation', 'Stigma of being infected', and 'Inadequate or inaccurate information'.<br><br>CONCLUSION: COVID-19 quarantine has been posing intense psychological challenges among Lebanese health care workers which are worsened at times by the economic instability; thus, health care policymakers are urged to take proper action nationwide to alleviate longlisting implications and support the health care providers in fulfilling their mission.},
}
@article {pmid32489144,
year = {2020},
author = {Stokes, JE and Patterson, SE},
title = {Intergenerational Relationships, Family Caregiving Policy, and COVID-19 in the United States.},
journal = {Journal of aging &amp; social policy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-9},
doi = {10.1080/08959420.2020.1770031},
pmid = {32489144},
issn = {1545-0821},
abstract = {Families and intergenerational relationships are important sources of risk for COVID-19 infection, especially for older adults who are at high risk of complications from the disease. If one family member is exposed to the virus they could serve as a source of transmission or, if they fall ill, the resources they provide to others could be severed. These risks may be especially heightened for family members who work outside the home and provide care, or for those family members who care for multiple generations. Policies have the potential to help families bear the burden of these decisions. This essay argues that policies that address health, employment, and other social issues have implications for families, and that policies aimed at families and caregivers can affect the health, employment, and the general well-being of the nation.},
}
@article {pmid32489136,
year = {2020},
author = {Fawaz, M and Samaha, A},
title = {COVID-19 quarantine: Post-traumatic stress symptomatology among Lebanese citizens.},
journal = {The International journal of social psychiatry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {20764020932207},
doi = {10.1177/0020764020932207},
pmid = {32489136},
issn = {1741-2854},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In the light of the global spread of the novel Coronavirus known as COVID-19 and in the absence of an approved treatment and vaccination, Lebanon has taken national measures, among which was home quarantine of the general public in an attempt to flatten the epidemic curve and avoid flooding the health care system.<br><br>AIM: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) during the times of COVID-19 quarantine among Lebanese citizens.<br><br>METHOD: This quantitative cross-sectional study recruited 950 civilians and is aimed at measuring the prevalence of PTSS among the Lebanese citizens at an interval of 2 weeks and 1 month of COVID-19 quarantine.<br><br>RESULTS: The results have shown that quarantine in Lebanon has started to give rise to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder symptomatology during the second week which was worsened in the fourth week of COVID-19 quarantine.<br><br>CONCLUSION: COVID-19 quarantine has influenced the psychology of Lebanese citizens and might have persistent effects after the end of this phase which is recommended to be explored.},
}
@article {pmid32489118,
year = {2020},
author = {Vici, P and Pizzuti, L and Krasniqi, E and Botticelli, A and Ciliberto, G and Barba, M},
title = {Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.},
journal = {Immunotherapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2217/imt-2020-0142},
pmid = {32489118},
issn = {1750-7448},
}
@article {pmid32489031,
year = {2020},
author = {Li, B and Yan, YM and Li, ZY and Chen, TF and Guo, YH and Hu, J and Feng, S and Su, XF and Wang, TY and Li, P and Wang, Q and Liu, QQ},
title = {[Thoughts and suggestions on analysis of death cases report during COVID-19 epidemic].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1531-1535},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200306.501},
pmid = {32489031},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {It is an essential task to discuss the death cases for clinicians. During the emergent public events, the report and analysis of death cases is of far-reaching significance. The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has brought huge losses to China, and the medical system has been sustaining tremendous pressure. The best weapon to defeat the epidemic is medical data and related scientific research, of which the systematic analysis and efficient use of death cases is a key step. Based on the incomplete record of death case report, the lack of humanistic perspective and patient report, every department and institution is facing great challenge in terms of data management. Given that the relevant systems need to be improved, and that the integration of standardized reports and clinical research is not mature,as well as other problems, we put forward several methodological suggestions: ① Establish national medical and health data center and improve relevant laws and regulations. ② Increase investment in medical data management and start data collection and analysis as early as possible during the epidemic. ③ Refine the content of death case report and promote the standardization of report. ④ Pay close attention to the report of death cases, review, summary and analysis. More importantly, we should continue to build and improve platforms and programs related to disease control, carry out epidemic-associated scientific research, enhance the managing efficiency of public health data, elevate the anti-risk capability of our medical system, and promote the steady progress of the health China strategy.},
}
@article {pmid32489030,
year = {2020},
author = {Yan, YM and Li, B and Li, ZY and Lian, B and Su, XF and Wang, TY and Li, P and Wang, Q and Cheng, JL and Yang, ZQ},
title = {[Thoughts and suggestions on arrangement, analysis and summary of medical data during COVID-19 epidemic].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1526-1530},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200302.504},
pmid = {32489030},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {The analysis and utilization of clinical scientific research data is an effective means to promote the progress of diagnosis and treatment, and a key step in the development of medical sciences. During the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), how to transform the limited diagnostic data into clinical research resources has attracted much attention. Based on the low efficiency of data collection and extraction, the inconsistency of data analysis, the irregularity of data report and the high timeliness of data update during the epidemic, this paper briefly analyzed the background and reasons of data application under the current situation, and then discusses the problems and feasible solutions of clinical data applications under the epidemic situation and, more importantly, for future medical clinical research methods. We put forward several methodological suggestions: ① gradually improve the medical big data model and establish the national medical health data center; ② improve the scientific research literacy of medical staff and popularize the basic skills and knowledge of GCP; ③ promote a scientific, networked and shared data collection and management mode; ④ use the mixed research method and collective analysis to improve the efficiency of clinical data analysis; ⑤ pay attention to narration of the medical feelings and emphasize the humanistic data of clinical medicine. It is expected to promote the standardized and reasonable use of clinical scientific research data, the rigorous integration of expert opinions, and ultimately the development of big data for national health care.},
}
@article {pmid32489029,
year = {2020},
author = {Yuan, R and Xin, QQ and Tang, SH and Cong, WH},
title = {[Treatment of COVID-19 guided by holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine--therapy aimed at both viral and host].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1521-1525},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200304.501},
pmid = {32489029},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has further spread, and there is an increasing number of confirmed cases in many countries. On February 28, 2020 of Geneva time, the World Health Organization has raised global risk level to the very high level in view of outbreak of COVID-19. Since some patients' condition appeared to deteriorate rapidly after infection of this 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV), a variety of treatments should be considered. Holistic view and syndrome differentiation are the two characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Therefore, under the guidance of the holistic view, syndrome diffe-rentiation of TCM has achieved good effects in the treatment of COVID-19. This treatment mainly aimed at eliminating pathogens and strengthening overall health, regulating the balance of body and coordinating various of functions of Zangfu organs. In addition, modern medical proposes host-directed therapy(HDT), a strategy aims to interfere with host cell mechanism, enhance immune responses, and reduce exacerbated inflammation. To some extent, the combined application of HDT and antiviral therapy is highly consistent with the therapeutic concept of the holistic view of TCM. Therefore, under the guidance of the holistic view, syndrome differentiation of TCM uses treatments, such as clearing heat, detoxification, relieving asthma, clearing damp and phlegm, together with Lianhua Qingwen Capsules, Maxing Shigan Decoction, and Haoqin Qingdan Decoction under the guidance of these therapeutic methods. These therapeutic methods and prescriptions intervened with both virus and host at the same time in the treatment of COVID-19, which has important implications for the effective clinical treatment of COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32489028,
year = {2020},
author = {Qin, ZN and Wang, MX and Shi, NN and Wang, YP and Zhai, HQ},
title = {[Rationality of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in Qingfei Paidu Decoction based on literature analysis].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1515-1520},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200305.501},
pmid = {32489028},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {Qingfei Paidu Decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine compound recommended by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for clinical therapies of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Qingfei Paidu Decoction consists of 21 traditional Chinese medicines, such as Asari Radix et Rhizoma. However, the dosage of Asari Radix et Rhizoma has been questioned by some people, because of one ancient proverb. To explore the rationality of the dosage of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in Qingfei Paidu Decoction, this study systematically examined the ancient and modern physicians' understanding of the toxicity of Asari Radix et Rhizoma, and collated the application and dosage of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in ancient prescriptions and modern clinics based on literature analysis. As a result, we found that ancient and modern physicians have different understanding on the toxicity of Asari Radix et Rhizoma and that the theory about the dosage of Asari Radix et Rhizoma is flawed. We also found that the dose of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in ancient and modern clinical applications was not constrained by ancient experience. Physicians usually increase the dosage of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in clinical therapy according to the actual conditions, and there were no adverse reactions. Additionally, according to laws and regulations concerning medical affairs, physician could increase or decrease the dosage of the drug under special circumstances. Based on the analysis of safety and effectiveness of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in Qingfei Paidu Decoction, we conclude that the dose of Asari Radix et Rhizoma in Qingfei Paidu Decoction is safe, effective and reasonable.},
}
@article {pmid32489027,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, T and Han, LF and Wang, YF and Miao, L and Yang, J and Zhang, JH and Gao, XM and Zhang, BL},
title = {[Recent advances in treatment of viral pneumonia using Chinese patent medicine].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1509-1514},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200312.502},
pmid = {32489027},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {Viral pneumonia is caused by a spreading of lung infection caused by respiratory viruses. Some virus infections were found to be highly aggressive, leading to lung inflammation and severe damage in respiratory system with high fatality rate. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic drugs in the clinic. The common clinical symptoms of viral pneumonias include fever, rhinitis, runny nose, nonproductive cough, fatigue, myalgias and headaches after the immune system being tricked by driving cytokines and overactivated immune response induced by cytokine storms. Patients with severe symptoms could get persistent high fever, dysfunctional breathing, consciousness disorders and even respiratory failure, post-inflammatory pulmonary fibrosis, multi-organ damages, shock and so on. Most clinical treatments are used to inhibit virus replication, relieve symptoms, inhibit excessive inflammatory response, regulate immune balance and protect organs. Both applied and basic research demonstrate that Chinese patent medicine has certain anti-viral effects, effectively inhibiting viral pneumonia transiting from mild to severe, rapid relieving of patient symptoms because of their multi-component and multi-target integrated roles. This review has summarized the reports on the treatment of viral pneumonia. Based on the pathogenic characteristics of viral pneumonia, this paper summarizes the diverse roles of the marketed Chinese patent medicine, such as their effects in inhibiting the progress of viral replication and overactivated inflammatory response, regulating immune balance, attenuating pulmonary fibrosis and so forth. Our paper summarizes the advantages of Chinese patient medicine in the treatment of viral pneumonia, based on which improvements of clinical therapy are expected to be made soon.},
}
@article {pmid32489025,
year = {2020},
author = {Xu, HY and Zhang, YQ and Qing, YW and Zhao, HY and Wang, P and Liu, F},
title = {[Exploration on scientific connotation of TCM syndromes and recommended prescriptions against COVID-19 based on TCMTP V2.0].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1488-1498},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200229.401},
pmid = {32489025},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has attracted great attentions from the whole world. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used and shown satisfying efficacies in treating all stages of COVID-19. In this study, the molecular interaction networks of different stages of COVID-19(the early, severe, critical and recovery stage) were constructed using the links among symptoms-related genes collected from TCMIP V2.0(http://www.tcmip.cn/), an integrated pharmacology network-computing platform for TCM. Following the network topological feature calculation and functional enrichment analysis, we found that the molecular targets and pathways related with the &quot;immune-inflammation system&quot; were involved throughout all the stages of COVID-19. The severe stage and the critical period of COVID-19 were occupied by a large proportion of inflammatory factors and pathways, suggesting that there might be a cytokine storm in these periods, along with respiratory disorders, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, nervous system disorders, etc. Accordingly, the therapeutic targets and pathways hit by the recommended prescriptions against COVID-19 were also aimed to regulate the balance of immune-inflammation system, nutrient absorption and metabolism, abnormal energy metabolism, the cardio-pulmonary function, nerve system function, etc., which may be related to the therapeutic effects of these prescriptions in terms of several clinical symptoms, such as expiratory dyspnea, chest tightness and shortness of breath, abdominal distension and constipation, sweating and limb cold, dizziness, and irritability, etc. The above findings reflect the integrative actions of TCM characterizing by multiple-components, multiple-targets, multiple-pathways, and multiple-effects. This study systematically constructed the molecular networks of different TCM syndromes during the development and progression of COVID-19 and uncovered the biological basis for symptomatic treatment of TCM. Furthermore, our data revealed the pharmacological mechanisms and the scientific connotation of recommended prescriptions, which may provide supports for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 using TCM.},
}
@article {pmid32489024,
year = {2020},
author = {Bian, YQ and Ma, J and Ren, Y and Zhang, YL and Qiao, YJ},
title = {[Discovery of intervention effect of Chinese herbal formulas on COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis treated by VEGFR and FGFR inhibitors].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1481-1487},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200315.401},
pmid = {32489024},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {Since February 2020, a large number of patients infected with new coronavirus has been cured and discharged with the controlling of epidemic. Pulmonary fibrosis, which may be one of the sequela caused by COVID-19, not only brings dyspnea and deterioration of lung function, but also affects patients' life because of its high mortality and poor prognosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR) and fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR) can inhibit the proliferation, activation and migration of fibroblasts by regulating the signal transduction pathway involved in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. Chinese herbal formulas pose a good therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis. Present study explores the intervention effect on pulmonary fibrosis of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) by screening the potential inhibitors of VEGFR and FGFR. The docking models of VEGFR and FGFR were established to obtain the potential active ingredients which were filtered by the docking score. According to 2 prescriptions in the Protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(7th edition)and 9 prescriptions in Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for treating blight, 959 and 1 047 potential ingredients were obtained as the inhibitors of VEGFR and FGFR respectively with the screening thres-hold set as eighty percent of the docking score of the initial ligands. The potential herbs were then filtered by the components with a hit rate higher than 30%, such as Scutellariae Radix, Adenophorae Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Coicis Semen, etc. To discuss the rule of TCM in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, the networks of TCM-channel tropism and TCM-efficacy of the potential herbs was constructed. The potential herbs for treating pulmonary fibrosis mostly belong to lung(degree=14) and spleen(degree value=8), and the efficacy is focused on reinforcing deficiency(degree=9). Qiyin Prescription and Buzhong Yiqi Decoction contain the largest number of the potential herbs. The main symptom of COVID-19 is damp-heat stagnating in the lung, which always causes impairment of body fluid and Qi. Clinical observation shows that patients in the recovery period are mostly at the status that the remaining virus toxicity is not exhausted while the vital Qi have not recovered. The results of this study are expected to provide references for clinical medication in preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis caused by COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32489023,
year = {2020},
author = {Bao, YY and Shi, YJ and Guo, SS and Geng, ZH and Bao, L and Sun, J and Zhao, RH and Gao, YJ and Fang, TH and Meng, J and Cui, XL},
title = {[Therapeutic effect of Compound Qinlan Oral Liquid on treating combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1473-1480},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200303.402},
pmid = {32489023},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {The aim of this paper was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Compound Qinlan Oral Liquid recommended by Provincial Novel Coronary Virus Pneumonia Treatment Scheme on the treatment of BALB/c mice with combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome and to explore its clinical application in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia, and to provide laboratory data support for clinical Chinese medicine. According to the classification of syndromes of novel coronavirus pneumonia by the national competent department of traditional Chinese medicine, this study determined that human coronavirus 229 E(HCoV-229 E)-infected mouse model of cold and dampness syndrome can be used to study human coronavirus pneumonia combined with pestilence attacking the lung syndrome model. This model is suitable for simulating traditional Chinese medicine treatment of common disease syndromes in Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment program(trial implementation of the sixth edition). Specific steps are as follows. BALB/c mice of cold and dampness syndrome is infected with HCoV-229 E virus, and were divided into normal control group, infection control group, cold-dampness control group, cold-dampness infection group(the model group), and Compound Qilan Oral Liquid high dose group(22 mL·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and low dose group(11 mL·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)). On the day of infection, the Compound Qilan Oral Liquid was administered for three consecutive days. On the last dosing day, the lung tissue was dissected, and the lung index and inhibition rate were calculated. The nucleic acid of lung tissue was extracted and the HCoV-229 E virus load was detected by RT-PCR. Blood leukocytes were separated and the percentage of T and B lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Lung tissue protein was extracted and the contents of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ were detected by ELISA. Serum was separated and the contents of gastrin(GAS) and motilin(MTL) were detected by ELISA. Histopathological analysis was performed with lung tissue. The high and low doses of Compound Qinlan Oral Liquid significantly reduced the lung index(P<0.01) of mice with combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome, and the inhibition rates were 59.01% and 47.72%, respectively. Compared with the model control group, the high and low doses of Compound Qinlan Oral Liquid significantly reduced lung tissue viral load(P<0.01), increased cross blood CD4~+ T lymphocytes, CD8~+ T lymphocytes and total B lymphocyte percentage(P<0.01), reduced serum motilin content(P<0.01), reduced IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in lungs(P<0.01) and reduced lung tissue inflammation. Compound Qinlan Oral Liquid has a better effect on the mouse model with combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome, which may attribute to its function of in virus replication inhibition, gastrointestinal function improvement, immunity enhancement, and inflammatory factor reduction.},
}
@article {pmid32489022,
year = {2020},
author = {Bao, L and Shi, YJ and Geng, ZH and Sun, J and Zhao, RH and DU, CQ and Chu, YJ and Cui, XL},
title = {[Application of Reyanning Mixture in evaluating combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome].},
journal = {Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {1465-1472},
doi = {10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200303.401},
pmid = {32489022},
issn = {1001-5302},
abstract = {In the previous research, our laboratory established a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavi-rus pneumonia with pestilence attacking the lung syndrome, based on the national traditional Chinese medicine clinical classification of Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan. In this study, a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking the lung syndrome was used to evaluate the effectiveness of Reyanning Mixture to provide animal experimental support for clinical application. Mice were divided into normal group, 229 E infection group, cold-dampness group, cold-dampness+229 E infection group(the model group), Reyanning high and low dose groups. The cold-dampness group, cold-dampness+229 E infection group, two Reyanning groups were given cold and damp stimulation for 7 days. On the 5 th day, the 229 E infection group, cold-dampness+229 E infection group, and two Reyanning groups were infected with HCoV-229 E virus. Reyanning was administered for 3 days, starting from the day of infection. Blood was collected on the 4 th day and the lung tissue was dissected to calculate the lung index and inhibition rate; flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood; RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid virus load in lung tissue; ELISA was used to detect motilin and gastrin in serum, and inflammatory factors TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10 in lung tissue proteins. Reyanning Mixture could reduce the lung index(P<0.01) of coronavirus pneumonia mice with pestilence attacking the lung; it could significantly increase the percentage of CD8~+ T lymphocytes and CD4~+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of model mice(P<0.05, P<0.01). The low dose of Reyanning could effectively increase the percentage of total B lymphocytes(P<0.05), reduce virus load in lung tissue of model mice(P<0.01), reduce the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10 in the lung tissue of model mice(P<0.01), reduce the content of motilin in the serum of model mice(P<0.01). Reyanning Mixture convey a better effect in treating coronavirus pneumonia mice with pestilence attacking the lung. It manifested obvious effects in improving lung lesions, enhancing the gastrointestinal function of mice, improving the autoimmune function of mice, and reducing the expression of inflammatory factors in vivo, which could provide evidences for clinical research.},
}
@article {pmid32488991,
year = {2020},
author = {Yehya, A and Carbone, S},
title = {Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during COVID-19 Pandemic: The Bittersweet.},
journal = {Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e3360},
doi = {10.1002/dmrr.3360},
pmid = {32488991},
issn = {1520-7560},
}
@article {pmid32488958,
year = {2020},
author = {Shi, M and Chen, L and Yang, Y and Zhang, J and Xu, J and Xu, G and Li, B and Yin, Y},
title = {Analysis of clinical features and outcomes of 161 patients with severe and critical COVID-19: A multicenter descriptive study.},
journal = {Journal of clinical laboratory analysis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e23415},
doi = {10.1002/jcla.23415},
pmid = {32488958},
issn = {1098-2825},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics, laboratory indexes, treatment regimens, and short-term outcomes of severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.<br><br>METHODS: One hundred and sixty one consecutive severe and critical COVID-19 patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) were retrospectively reviewed in this multicenter study. Demographic features, medical histories, clinical symptoms, lung computerized tomography (CT) findings, and laboratory indexes on admission were collected. Post-admission complications, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes were also documented.<br><br>RESULTS: The mean age was 59.38 ± 16.54 years, with 104 (64.60%) males and 57 (35.40%) females. Hypertension (44 [27.33%]) and diabetes were the most common medical histories. Fever (127 [78.88%]) and dry cough (111 [68.94%]) were the most common symptoms. Blood routine indexes, hepatic and renal function indexes, and inflammation indexes were commonly abnormal. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was the most common post-admission complication (69 [42.86%]), followed by electrolyte disorders (48 [29.81%]), multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) (37 [22.98%]), and hypoproteinemia (36 [22.36%]). The most commonly used antiviral drug was lopinavir/ritonavir tablet. 50 (31.06%) patients died, while 78 (48.45%) patients healed and discharged, and the last 33 (20.50%) patients remained in hospital. Besides, the mean hospital stay of deaths was 21.66 ± 11.18 days, while the mean hospital stay of discharged patients was 18.42 ± 12.77 days. Furthermore, ARDS (P < .001) and MODS (P = .008) correlated with increased mortality rate.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Severe and critical COVID-19 presents with high mortality rate, and occurrence of ARDS or MODS greatly increases its mortality risk.},
}
@article {pmid32488957,
year = {2020},
author = {Reifel, KM and Swan, BK and Jellison, ER and Ambrozak, D and Baijer, J and Nguyen, R and Monard, S and Lyon, G and Fontes, B and Perfetto, SP},
title = {Procedures for Flow Cytometry-Based Sorting of Unfixed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infected Cells and Other Infectious Agents.},
journal = {Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cyto.a.24040},
pmid = {32488957},
issn = {1552-4930},
abstract = {In response to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, many laboratories are involved in research supporting SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development and clinical trials. Flow cytometry laboratories will be responsible for a large part of this effort by sorting unfixed antigen-specific lymphocytes. Therefore, it is critical and timely that we have an understanding of risk assessment and established procedures of infectious cell sorting. Here we present procedures covering the biosafety aspects of sorting unfixed SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and other infectious agents of similar risk level. These procedures follow the ISAC Biosafety Committee guidelines and were recently approved by the National Institutes of Health Institutional Biosafety Committee for sorting SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.},
}
@article {pmid32488956,
year = {2020},
author = {Roy, A and Sarkar, B and Celik, C and Ghosh, A and Basu, U and Jana, M and Jana, A and Gencay, A and Sezgin, GC and Ildiz, N and Dam, P and Mandal, AK and Ocsoy, I},
title = {Can concomitant use of zinc and curcumin with other immunity-boosting nutraceuticals be the arsenal against COVID-19?.},
journal = {Phytotherapy research : PTR},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ptr.6766},
pmid = {32488956},
issn = {1099-1573},
}
@article {pmid32488953,
year = {2020},
author = {Pata, D and Gatto, A and Buonsenso, D and Chiaretti, A},
title = {A COVID-19 outbreak's lesson: best use of the pediatric emergency department.},
journal = {Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/apa.15386},
pmid = {32488953},
issn = {1651-2227},
abstract = {After finding the first cases in Italy, the Government declared a state of emergency. In The Lancet, Stefano Spina and colleagues (1) reported the strategy of the Emergency Medical System (EMS) of the metropolitan area of Milan to contrast the recent COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. The EMS instituted a team that manages the patients and their flow to local hospitals. This response is critical, given the public health problem and the need to avoid the Emergency Department overcrowding.},
}
@article {pmid32488946,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahieu, R and Tillard, L and Le Guillou-Guillemette, H and Vinatier, E and Jeannin, P and Croué, A and Le Corre, Y and Vandamme, YM},
title = {No antibody response in acral cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 ?.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16688},
pmid = {32488946},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Skins symptoms during COVID-19 have been recently described but their relation to SARS-CoV-2 is unclear while results for real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing were variable. Recalcati et al. reported 14 cases of patients with skin symptoms consistent with previous described COVID-19 lesions but all the patients were tested negative. They asked for a serology to validate the hypothesis that these lesions are related to COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32488933,
year = {2020},
author = {Wiwanitkit, V},
title = {N95 respirator, COVID-19, and health care worker.},
journal = {International wound journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/iwj.13419},
pmid = {32488933},
issn = {1742-481X},
}
@article {pmid32488925,
year = {2020},
author = {Greveling, K and Kunkeler, ACM},
title = {Hand Eczema Pandemic Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Hygiene Measures: The Setup of a Hand Eczema Helpline for Hospital Personnel.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16695},
pmid = {32488925},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {Hand eczema, also known as hand dermatitis, often results from a combination of causes, including genetics (atopic constitution), irritating substances and contact allergens. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As current evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted through contaminated hands, the World Health Organization recommends frequent handwashing with soap and water, or hand-rubbing with an alcohol based hand rub.},
}
@article {pmid32488910,
year = {2020},
author = {Calvão, J and Relvas, M and Pinho, A and Brinca, A and Cardoso, JC},
title = {Acro-ischemia and COVID-19 infection: clinical and histopathological features.},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.16687},
pmid = {32488910},
issn = {1468-3083},
abstract = {With the COVID-19 pandemic we are facing a changing world. This new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) poses new challenges to dermatologists too. Some of us are in the field, others are describing skin aspects related to this infection, either directly or indirectly caused (e.g: dermatoses resulting from prolonged contact with personal protective equipment and excessive personal hygiene). Still, cutaneous manifestations are uncommonly reported and the majority has no clinical or histological pictures.},
}
@article {pmid32488905,
year = {2020},
author = {Chilton, S and Nielsen, JS and Wildman, J},
title = {Beyond COVID-19: How the 'dismal science' can prepare us for the future.},
journal = {Health economics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/hec.4114},
pmid = {32488905},
issn = {1099-1050},
}
@article {pmid32488896,
year = {2020},
author = {Rambaud, J and Flechelle, O},
title = {French West Indies castaway children as a result of the covid-19 outbreak.},
journal = {Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/apa.15387},
pmid = {32488896},
issn = {1651-2227},
abstract = {I read with interest the submission of Haward et al. (1) dealing with the pediatrical ethics issues during this Covid-19 outbreak. I was particularly sensitive to the chapter dedicated to neonatal which highlighted very clearly the indirect consequences of this pandemic on the paediatric population. I would like to insist on the situation in the West Indies. The numbers of adult's vital distress sharply increase the need for intensive care beds. Even the great majority of pediatric intensive care units have provided equipment and staff to support the adult units (2).},
}
@article {pmid32488888,
year = {2020},
author = {Gu, X and Li, X and An, X and Yang, S and Wu, S and Yang, X and Wang, H},
title = {Elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase level identifies patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and predicts the length of hospital stay.},
journal = {Journal of clinical laboratory analysis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e23391},
doi = {10.1002/jcla.23391},
pmid = {32488888},
issn = {1098-2825},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide public health emergency. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of liver blood tests in COVID-19 patients.<br><br>METHODS: The analysis included clinical data of 23 patients with suspected COVID-19 and 66 patients with confirmed COVID-19 from January 25 to February 20, 2020. The relationship between liver blood test results, liver condition (HBsAb positive, HBcAb positive, and fatty liver disease), and duration of hospital stay among COVID-19 patients was analyzed.<br><br>RESULTS: The median hospital stay of COVID-19 patients was 6 days. Serum albumin (Alb) level was lower in patients with COVID-19 confirmed on admission than in patients with suspected COVID-19 (40.08 g/L vs 42.50 g/L, P = .016), while the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was higher (23 U/L vs 18 U/L, P = .005). Abnormal results of liver blood tests in patients with COVID-19 included increased levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) (21.2%, 14 patients), AST (15.2%, 10 patients), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (22.7%, 15 patients). After 5-10 days of treatment, levels of Alb and AST in COVID-19 patients were significantly decreased (P < .001 and P = .027, respectively). Abnormal levels of Alb and AST in patients with COVID-19 were not associated with the liver condition (all P > .05). In addition, only levels of AST were positively correlated with the duration of hospital stay (r = .334, P = .007).<br><br>CONCLUSION: Abnormal results of the liver blood test were found in COVID-19 patients. The COVID-19 patients on admission with the higher levels of AST might have longer hospital stays.},
}
@article {pmid32488877,
year = {2020},
author = {Saeed, SG and Bain, J and Khoo, E and Siqueira, WL},
title = {COVID-19: Finding silver linings for dental education.},
journal = {Journal of dental education},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jdd.12234},
pmid = {32488877},
issn = {1930-7837},
}
@article {pmid32488866,
year = {2020},
author = {Chang, EI and Liu, JJ},
title = {Flattening the curve in oncologic surgery: Impact of Covid-19 on surgery at tertiary care cancer center.},
journal = {Journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jso.26056},
pmid = {32488866},
issn = {1096-9098},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Covid-19 has ushered in drastic changes to the healthcare system in order to &quot;flatten the curve&quot;; in particular, surgical operations that can consume vital, limited resources, not to mention the risk to staff, anesthesiologists, and surgeons. However, under unique circumstances with diligent preparation, vital oncologic operations can be performed safely.<br><br>METHODS: Prospective comparison of surgical cases during the pandemic from December 2019 to May 2020 to the correlating time frame from December 2018 to May 2019.<br><br>RESULTS: A significant decline in case volume was not appreciated until the United States declared a national state of emergency, allowing patients with cancer to continue to undergo curative tumor resection until then (428.3 ± 51.5 vs 166.6 ± 59.8 cases/week; P < .001). The decrease was consistent with the mean case volume during the holidays (213.8 ± 76.8 vs 166.6 ± 59.8 case/week; P = .648). Evaluation of surgical subspecialties demonstrated a significant decrease for all subspecialties with the greatest decline in sarcoma (P = .002) and endocrine (P = .001) surgeries, while vascular (P = .004) and thoracic (P = .011) surgeries had the least.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The novel coronavirus has drastically reduced oncologic operations, but with proper evaluation of patients and allocation of resources, surgery can be performed safely without compromising the aim to flatten the curve and control the coronavirus pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32488863,
year = {2020},
author = {Uwins, C and Bhandoria, G},
title = {COVID-19 pandemic impact on gynaecological cancers: a perspective.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11728},
pmid = {32488863},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32488861,
year = {2020},
author = {Strohbehn, GW and Reid, PD and Ratain, MJ},
title = {Applied Clinical Pharmacology in a Crisis - Interleukin-6 Axis Blockade and COVID-19.},
journal = {Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cpt.1931},
pmid = {32488861},
issn = {1532-6535},
abstract = {The global pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) represents an emergent threat to the public health. Mitigation strategies have been employed to varying effect in many Western nations. Treatment strategies to effectively address COVID-19 and equitably distribute resources are needed, especially in overwhelmed hospitals.},
}
@article {pmid32488860,
year = {2020},
author = {Del Genio, G and Merlino, F and Tolone, S and Brusciano, L and Lucido, FS and Docimo, L and Gambardella, C},
title = {Surgery at the time of COVID-19 pandemic: initial evidence of safe practice.},
journal = {The British journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bjs.11732},
pmid = {32488860},
issn = {1365-2168},
}
@article {pmid32488837,
year = {2020},
author = {Mongioì, LM and Barbagallo, F and Condorelli, RA and Cannarella, R and Aversa, A and La Vignera, S and Calogero, AE},
title = {Possible long-term endocrine-metabolic complications in COVID-19: lesson from the SARS model.},
journal = {Endocrine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s12020-020-02349-7},
pmid = {32488837},
issn = {1559-0100},
abstract = {The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is centralizing the interest of the scientific world. In the next months, long-term consequences on the endocrine system may arise following COVID-19. In this article, we hypothesized the effects of SARS-CoV-2 taking into account what learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that caused SARS in 2003.},
}
@article {pmid32488835,
year = {2020},
author = {Zhang, H and Saravanan, KM and Yang, Y and Hossain, MT and Li, J and Ren, X and Pan, Y and Wei, Y},
title = {Deep Learning Based Drug Screening for Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCov.},
journal = {Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s12539-020-00376-6},
pmid = {32488835},
issn = {1867-1462},
support = {2018YFB0204403 and 2016YFB0201305//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; U1813203 and 61433012//National Science Foundation of China/ ; 31601028//National Natural Youth Science Foundation of China/ ; JCYJ20180507182818013, GGFW2017073114031767 and JCYJ20170413093358429//Shenzhen Basic Research Fund/ ; 2019M653132//China Postdoctoral Science Foundation/ ; 2011DP173015//CAS Key Lab/ ; },
abstract = {A novel coronavirus, called 2019-nCoV, was recently found in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China, and now is spreading across China and other parts of the world. Although there are some drugs to treat 2019-nCoV, there is no proper scientific evidence about its activity on the virus. It is of high significance to develop a drug that can combat the virus effectively to save valuable human lives. It usually takes a much longer time to develop a drug using traditional methods. For 2019-nCoV, it is now better to rely on some alternative methods such as deep learning to develop drugs that can combat such a disease effectively since 2019-nCoV is highly homologous to SARS-CoV. In the present work, we first collected virus RNA sequences of 18 patients reported to have 2019-nCoV from the public domain database, translated the RNA into protein sequences, and performed multiple sequence alignment. After a careful literature survey and sequence analysis, 3C-like protease is considered to be a major therapeutic target and we built a protein 3D model of 3C-like protease using homology modeling. Relying on the structural model, we used a pipeline to perform large scale virtual screening by using a deep learning based method to accurately rank/identify protein-ligand interacting pairs developed recently in our group. Our model identified potential drugs for 2019-nCoV 3C-like protease by performing drug screening against four chemical compound databases (Chimdiv, Targetmol-Approved_Drug_Library, Targetmol-Natural_Compound_Library, and Targetmol-Bioactive_Compound_Library) and a database of tripeptides. Through this paper, we provided the list of possible chemical ligands (Meglumine, Vidarabine, Adenosine, D-Sorbitol, D-Mannitol, Sodium_gluconate, Ganciclovir and Chlorobutanol) and peptide drugs (combination of isoleucine, lysine and proline) from the databases to guide the experimental scientists and validate the molecules which can combat the virus in a shorter time.},
}
@article {pmid32488828,
year = {2020},
author = {Hong, BA and Handal, PJ},
title = {Science, Religion, Government, and SARS-CoV-2: A Time for Synergy.},
journal = {Journal of religion and health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10943-020-01047-y},
pmid = {32488828},
issn = {1573-6571},
abstract = {Religion, science and government have been institutions throughout the ages that have helped us deal with fears and threats like SARS-CoV-2. However, reliance on any one of these institutions exclusively has limitations and therefore are sources of disappointments. The SARS-CoV-2 is a reminder that we can and need to blend these seemingly divergent views of science, religion and government. Each of these institutions provides ways to cope with this worldwide pandemic but they can exercise a much greater impact if they operate in unison for the common good and well-being of all.},
}
@article {pmid32488827,
year = {2020},
author = {Levin, J},
title = {The Faith Community and the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Part of the Problem or Part of the Solution?.},
journal = {Journal of religion and health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10943-020-01048-x},
pmid = {32488827},
issn = {1573-6571},
abstract = {The current outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a critical moment in time for institutional religion in the USA and throughout the world. Individual clergy and congregations, across faith traditions, have been sources of misinformation and disinformation, promoting messages and actions that engender fear, animosity toward others, and unnecessary risk-taking. But there is a positive role for religion and faith-based institutions here, and many examples of leaders and organizations stepping up to contribute to the collective recovery. Personal faith and spirituality may be a source of host resistance and resilience. Religiously sponsored medical care institutions are vital to health care response efforts. Ministries and faith-based organizations are source of religious health assets that can help to meet community-wide needs. There is a pastoral role for clergy and laypeople who are instrumental in providing comfort and strength to the suffering and fearful in our midst. The outbreak presents an ethical challenge to all of us to step outside of our own preoccupations and to be present and of service for others. This includes having the courage to represent the highest values of our faith in speaking out against religiously motivated foolishness and hatred and in calling for political and public health leaders to be truthful and transparent in their messages to us.},
}
@article {pmid32488763,
year = {2020},
author = {Buckley, RM},
title = {Targeting the World's Slums as Fat Tails in the Distribution of COVID-19 Cases.},
journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s11524-020-00450-w},
pmid = {32488763},
issn = {1468-2869},
abstract = {A recent article by Corburn et al. lays out the policies that would help slum communities in the global south deal with COVID-19. That article notes the vulnerabilities of people in these informal settlements and argues that any assistance program must recognize these realities so that the policies do not further jeopardize the survival of large segments of the population of these communities. This note extends the arguments in that paper, focusing on some of the logistic issues involved in providing assistance to informal settlements. It argues that such assistance is essential not only for the help it would provide to people in these settlements but also because the residents of these communities should be key targets of assistance. Because of the location and occupation of most of the residents of these communities, targeting them simultaneously addresses health and economy-wide concerns generated by COVID-19. Their characteristics make them much more likely to be afflicted by the virus and spread it to others. The main conclusions of this note with respect to policy are that the scale of such assistance is likely to be larger than has so far been proposed, that in countries with limited testing ability slums provide one of the most effective places to target assistance, that the role of community groups in providing the assistance is difficult to exaggerate, and that philanthropy has a role to play in supporting innovation.},
}
@article {pmid32488739,
year = {2020},
author = {Jozaghi, E and Bird, L},
title = {COVID-19 and sex workers: human rights, the struggle for safety and minimum income.},
journal = {Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.17269/s41997-020-00350-1},
pmid = {32488739},
issn = {1920-7476},
}
@article {pmid32488728,
year = {2020},
author = {Todisco, P and Donini, LM},
title = {Eating disorders and obesity (ED&amp;O) in the COVID-19 storm.},
journal = {Eating and weight disorders : EWD},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40519-020-00938-z},
pmid = {32488728},
issn = {1590-1262},
}
@article {pmid32488726,
year = {2020},
author = {Ippolito, S and Dentali, F and Tanda, ML},
title = {SARS-CoV-2: a potential trigger for subacute thyroiditis? Insights from a case report.},
journal = {Journal of endocrinological investigation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40618-020-01312-7},
pmid = {32488726},
issn = {1720-8386},
}
@article {pmid32488724,
year = {2020},
author = {Bellastella, G and Maiorino, MI and Esposito, K},
title = {Endocrine complications of COVID-19: what happens to the thyroid and adrenal glands?.},
journal = {Journal of endocrinological investigation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s40618-020-01311-8},
pmid = {32488724},
issn = {1720-8386},
}
@article {pmid32488686,
year = {2020},
author = {Vieira, ALS and Pazeli Júnior, JM and Bastos, MG},
title = {Role of point-of-care ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic: our recommendations in the management of dialytic patients.},
journal = {The ultrasound journal},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {30},
doi = {10.1186/s13089-020-00177-4},
pmid = {32488686},
issn = {2524-8987},
abstract = {COVID-19 is a viral disease due to the infection of the novel Corona virus SARS-CoV-2, that has rapidly spread in many countries until the World Health Organization declared the pandemic from March 11, 2020. Elderly patients and those affected by hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular conditions are more susceptible to present more severe forms of COVID-19. These conditions are often represented in dialytic renal end-stage patients. Moreover, dialysis patients are more vulnerable to infection due to suppression of the immune system. Growing evidences, although still supported by few publications, are showing the potential utility of ultrasound in patients with COVID-19. In this review, we share our experience in using point-of-care ultrasound, particularly lung ultrasound, to indicate the probability of COVID-19 in patients with end-stage renal disease treated by hemodialysis. We also propose recommendations for the application of lung ultrasound, focused echocardiography and inferior vena cava ultrasound in the management of patients in hemodialysis.},
}
@article {pmid32488665,
year = {2020},
author = {Mazingi, D and Navarro, S and Bobel, MC and Dube, A and Mbanje, C and Lavy, C},
title = {Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Progress Towards Achieving Global Surgery Goals.},
journal = {World journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00268-020-05627-7},
pmid = {32488665},
issn = {1432-2323},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: In the 5 months since it began, the COVID-19 pandemic has placed extraordinary demands on health systems around the world including surgery. Competing health objectives and resource redeployment threaten to retard the scale-up of surgical services in low- and middle-income countries where access to safe, affordable and timely care is low. The key aspiration of the Lancet Commission on global surgery was promotion of resilience in surgical systems. The current pandemic provides an opportunity to stress-test those systems and identify fault-lines that may not be easily apparent outside of times of crisis.<br><br>METHODS: We endeavoured to explore vulnerable points in surgical systems learning from the experience of past outbreaks, using examples from the current pandemic, and make recommendations for future health emergencies. The 6-component framework for surgical systems planning was used to categorise the effects of COVID-19 on surgical systems, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries. Key vulnerabilities were identified and recommendations were made for the current pandemic and for the future.<br><br>RESULTS: Multiple stress points were identified throughout all of the 6 components of surgical systems. The impact is expected to be highest in the workforce, service delivery and infrastructure domains. Innovative new technologies should be employed to allow consistent, high-quality surgical care to continue even in times of crisis.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: If robust progress towards global surgery goals for 2030 is to continue, the stress points identified should be reinforced. An ongoing process of reappraisal and fortification will keep surgical systems in low- and middle-income countries responsive to &quot;old threats and new challenges&quot;. Multiple opportunities exist to help realise the dream of surgical systems resilient to external shocks.},
}
@article {pmid32488645,
year = {2020},
author = {Parks, A and Sparre, C and Söderquist, E and Arver, S and Andersson, G and Kaldo, V and Görts-Öberg, K and Rahm, C},
title = {Illegal Online Sexual Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Call for Action Based on Experiences From the Ongoing Prevent It Research Study.},
journal = {Archives of sexual behavior},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10508-020-01750-7},
pmid = {32488645},
issn = {1573-2800},
}
@article {pmid32488616,
year = {2020},
author = {McIver, DJ and Silithammavong, S and Theppangna, W and Gillis, A and Douangngeun, B and Khammavong, K and Singhalath, S and Duong, V and Buchy, P and Olson, SH and Keatts, L and Fine, AE and Greatorex, Z and Gilbert, M and LeBreton, M and Saylors, K and Joly, DO and Rubin, EM and Lange, CE},
title = {Coronavirus surveillance of wildlife in the Lao People's Democratic Republic detects viral RNA in rodents.},
journal = {Archives of virology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00705-020-04683-7},
pmid = {32488616},
issn = {1432-8798},
support = {GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00//USAID/ ; AID-OAA-A-14-00102//USAID/ ; },
abstract = {Coronaviruses can become zoonotic, as in the case of COVID-19, and hunting, sale, and consumption of wild animals in Southeast Asia increases the risk for such incidents. We sampled and tested rodents (851) and other mammals and found betacoronavirus RNA in 12 rodents. The sequences belong to two separate genetic clusters and are closely related to those of known rodent coronaviruses detected in the region and distantly related to those of human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1. Considering the close human-wildlife contact with many species in and beyond the region, a better understanding of virus diversity is urgently needed for the mitigation of future risks.},
}
@article {pmid32488564,
year = {2020},
author = {Pichard, R and Kopel, L and Lejeune, Q and Masmoudi, R and Masmejean, EH},
title = {Impact of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 lockdown on hand and upper limb emergencies: experience of a referred university trauma hand centre in Paris, France centre in Paris, France.},
journal = {International orthopaedics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00264-020-04654-2},
pmid = {32488564},
issn = {1432-5195},
abstract = {PURPOSE: The lockdown imposed in France to cope with the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to major changes in the lifestyle of French citizens. The aim of our study was to study its impact on activity related to emergencies in hand and upper limb trauma in comparison to the same reference period in 2019.<br><br>MATERIAL AND METHODS: All consecutive patients consulting for upper limb injury requiring urgent care at Georges-Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), France, during the lockdown period (case group) and the equivalent period in 2019 (control group) were included. In each group, the type of accident, the anatomical location of the injury, and the treatment were reported and compared.<br><br>RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-five patients were included in the case group in comparison to 784 patients in the control group. We observed a two-third decrease in the rate of upper limb emergencies (- 64.9%) in particular a drastic drop in the rate of road, work, and leisure accidents (10.4% vs 14.3%, p = 0.1151; 10.0% vs 22.6%, p < 0.0001; 13.1% vs 30.8%, p < 0.0001, respectively), and a clear increase in domestic accidents (66.5% vs 32.3%, p < 0.0001). The aetiologies were more dominated by lacerations of soft tissues (48.4%, vs 38.3%, p = 0.0034) and infections (8.7% vs 5.1%, p = 0.0299) with an increase in the indications for surgical management (51.2% vs 36.9%, p < 0.0001). Conversely, we observed fewer consultations for joint injuries (20.7% vs 30.7%, p = 0.0015) and fractures (22.2% vs 25.9%, p = 0.2210).<br><br>CONCLUSION: The lockdown imposed in France has changes the etiologies and the management of hand and upper limb emergencies.},
}
@article {pmid32488552,
year = {2020},
author = {Lagat, H and Sharma, M and Kariithi, E and Otieno, G and Katz, D and Masyuko, S and Mugambi, M and Wamuti, B and Weiner, B and Farquhar, C},
title = {Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on HIV Testing and Assisted Partner Notification Services, Western Kenya.},
journal = {AIDS and behavior},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10461-020-02938-7},
pmid = {32488552},
issn = {1573-3254},
}
@article {pmid32488551,
year = {2020},
author = {Mhango, M and Chitungo, I and Dzinamarira, T},
title = {COVID-19 Lockdowns: Impact on Facility-Based HIV Testing and the Case for the Scaling Up of Home-Based Testing Services in Sub-Saharan Africa.},
journal = {AIDS and behavior},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s10461-020-02939-6},
pmid = {32488551},
issn = {1573-3254},
}
@article {pmid32488522,
year = {2020},
author = {Hashimoto, K},
title = {Risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring of COVID-19-infected pregnant women and nutritional intervention.},
journal = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00406-020-01148-5},
pmid = {32488522},
issn = {1433-8491},
support = {17H04243//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London/ ; JP20dm0107119//Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ ; },
}
@article {pmid32488505,
year = {2020},
author = {Grimaud, M and Starck, J and Levy, M and Marais, C and Chareyre, J and Khraiche, D and Leruez-Ville, M and Quartier, P and Léger, PL and Geslain, G and Semaan, N and Moulin, F and Bendavid, M and Jean, S and Poncelet, G and Renolleau, S and Oualha, M},
title = {Acute myocarditis and multisystem inflammatory emerging disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection in critically ill children.},
journal = {Annals of intensive care},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {69},
doi = {10.1186/s13613-020-00690-8},
pmid = {32488505},
issn = {2110-5820},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A recent increase in children admitted with hypotensive shock and fever in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak requires an urgent characterization and assessment of the involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is a case series performed at 4 academic tertiary care centers in Paris of all the children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with shock, fever and suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection between April 15th and April 27th, 2020.<br><br>RESULTS: 20 critically ill children admitted for shock had an acute myocarditis (left ventricular ejection fraction, 35% (25-55); troponin, 269 ng/mL (31-4607)), and arterial hypotension with mainly vasoplegic clinical presentation. The first symptoms before PICU admission were intense abdominal pain and fever for 6 days (1-10). All children had highly elevated C-reactive protein (> 94 mg/L) and procalcitonin (> 1.6 ng/mL) without microbial cause. At least one feature of Kawasaki disease was found in all children (fever, n = 20, skin rash, n = 10; conjunctivitis, n = 6; cheilitis, n = 5; adenitis, n = 2), but none had the typical form. SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology were positive for 10 and 15 children, respectively. One child had both negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology, but had a typical SARS-CoV-2 chest tomography scan. All children but one needed an inotropic/vasoactive drug support (epinephrine, n = 12; milrinone, n = 10; dobutamine, n = 6, norepinephrine, n = 4) and 8 were intubated. All children received intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g per kilogram) with adjuvant corticosteroids (n = 2), IL 1 receptor antagonist (n = 1) or a monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor (n = 1). All children survived and were afebrile with a full left ventricular function recovery at PICU discharge.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Acute myocarditis with intense systemic inflammation and atypical Kawasaki disease is an emerging severe pediatric disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Early recognition of this disease is needed and referral to an expert center is recommended. A delayed and inappropriate host immunological response is suspected. While underlying mechanisms remain unclear, further investigations are required to target an optimal treatment.},
}
@article {pmid32488493,
year = {2020},
author = {Lee, S and Meyler, P and Mozel, M and Tauh, T and Merchant, R},
title = {Asymptomatic carriage and transmission of SARS-CoV-2: What do we know?.},
journal = {Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s12630-020-01729-x},
pmid = {32488493},
issn = {1496-8975},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Risk to healthcare workers treating asymptomatic patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the operating room depends on multiple factors. This review examines the evidence for asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic carriage of SARS-CoV-2, the risk of transmission from asymptomatic patients, and the specific risks associated with aerosol-generating procedures. Protective measures, such as minimization of aerosols and use of personal protective equipment in the setting of treating asymptomatic patients, are also reviewed.<br><br>SOURCE: We examined the published literature as well as Societal guidelines.<br><br>PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: There is evidence that a proportion of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 have detectable viral loads prior to exhibiting symptoms, or without ever developing symptoms. The degree of risk of transmission from asymptomatic patients to healthcare providers will depend on the prevalence of disease in the population, which is difficult to assess without widespread population screening. Aerosol-generating procedures increase the odds of viral transmission from infected symptomatic patients to healthcare providers, but transmission from asymptomatic patients has not been reported. Techniques to minimize aerosolization and appropriate personal protective equipment may help reduce the risk to healthcare workers in the operating room. Some societal guidelines recommend the use of airborne precautions during aerosol-generating procedures on asymptomatic patients during the coronavirus disease pandemic, although evidence supporting this practice is limited.<br><br>CONCLUSION: Viral transmission from patients exhibiting no symptoms in the operating room is plausible and efforts to reduce risk to healthcare providers include reducing aerosolization and wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, the feasibility of which will vary based on geographic risk and equipment availability.},
}
@article {pmid32488455,
year = {2020},
author = {Hoekstra, PJ},
title = {Suicidality in children and adolescents: lessons to be learned from the COVID-19 crisis.},
journal = {European child &amp; adolescent psychiatry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00787-020-01570-z},
pmid = {32488455},
issn = {1435-165X},
}
@article {pmid32488448,
year = {2020},
author = {Zago, M and Uranues, S and Chiarelli, ME and Grandi, S and Fumagalli, LA and Tavola, M and Chiarugi, M and Mariani, D and Wienerroither, V and Kurihara, H and Fingerhut, A},
title = {Enhancing safety of laparoscopic surgery in COVID-19 era: clinical experience with low-cost filtration devices.},
journal = {European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00068-020-01413-1},
pmid = {32488448},
issn = {1863-9941},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Surgery in the era of the current COVID-19 pandemic has been curtailed and restricted to emergency and certain oncological indications, and requires special attention concerning the safety of patients and health care personnel. Desufflation during or after laparoscopic surgery has been reported to entail a potential risk of contamination from 2019-nCoV through the aerosol generated during dissection and/or use of energy-driven devices. In order to protect the operating room staff, it is vital to filter the released aerosol.<br><br>METHODS: The assemblage of two easily available and low-cost filter systems to prevent potential dissemination of Coronavirus via the aerosol is described.<br><br>RESULTS: Forty-nine patients underwent laparoscopic surgeries with the use of one of the two described tools, both of which proved to be effective in smoke evacuation, without affecting laparoscopic visualization.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The proposed systems are cost-effective, easily assembled and reproducible, and provide complete viral filtration during intra- and postoperative release of CO2.},
}
@article {pmid32488446,
year = {2020},
author = {Rutsaert, L and Steinfort, N and Van Hunsel, T and Bomans, P and Naesens, R and Mertes, H and Dits, H and Van Regenmortel, N},
title = {COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.},
journal = {Annals of intensive care},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {71},
doi = {10.1186/s13613-020-00686-4},
pmid = {32488446},
issn = {2110-5820},
}
@article {pmid32488428,
year = {2020},
author = {Kim, HS and Lee, MS and Kim, H and Sung, YK and Lee, J and Shim, SC and Park, SH and Baek, HJ},
title = {Self-care recommendations for patients with rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Rheumatology international},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00296-020-04614-4},
pmid = {32488428},
issn = {1437-160X},
}
@article {pmid32488422,
year = {2020},
author = {Münch, U and Müller, H and Deffner, T and von Schmude, A and Kern, M and Kiepke-Ziemes, S and Radbruch, L},
title = {[Recommendations for the support of suffering, severely ill, dying or grieving persons in the corona pandemic from a palliative care perspective : Recommendations of the German Society for Palliative Medicine (DGP), the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive and Emergency Medicine (DIVI), the Federal Association for Grief Counseling (BVT), the Working Group for Psycho-oncology in the German Cancer Society, the German Association for Social Work in the Healthcare System (DVSG) and the German Association for Systemic Therapy, Counseling and Family Therapy (DGSF)].},
journal = {Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00482-020-00483-9},
pmid = {32488422},
issn = {1432-2129},
abstract = {The corona pandemic has led to a number of restrictions and prohibitions, which in turn place large psychosocial or spiritual burdens on patients with COVID-19, their families and relatives and the treating personnel in the healthcare system. Patients with COVID-19 are not allowed to receive visitors and many hospitals and nursing homes have completely banned visitors. Many support services have been reduced or stopped completely. Necessary treatment interventions for other patients with critical and life-limiting diseases have been delayed or suspended in order to free resources for the expected COVID-19 patients; however, these people need to feel social connectedness with their relatives. Palliative care patients should be exempted from any ban on visitors. Families should be able to visit dying patients even on intensive care units or isolation wards, using adequate protective equipment. Alternative options, such as video telephone calls or via social media should be explored for patients in isolation. Families should also be enabled to say goodbye to the deceased with adequate protective equipment or should be offered alternative real or virtual options for remembrance and commemoration. Health care professionals coping with the exceptional stress should be continuously supported. This requires clear communication and leadership structures, communication training, psychosocial support, but most of all optimal framework conditions for the clinical work.},
}
@article {pmid32488413,
year = {2020},
author = {Seifert, J and Heck, J and Eckermann, G and Singer, M and Bleich, S and Grohmann, R and Toto, S},
title = {[Psychopharmacotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic].},
journal = {Der Nervenarzt},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00115-020-00939-4},
pmid = {32488413},
issn = {1433-0407},
abstract = {In view of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patient care, including that of psychiatric patients, is facing unprecedented challenges. Treatment strategies for mental illness include psychotherapy and psychopharmacological interventions. The latter are associated with a multitude of adverse drug reactions (ADR); however, they may currently represent the preferred treatment due to restrictions regarding patient care (i.e. social distancing). Direct contact to patients may have to be reduced in favor of telephone calls or video conferences, so that new techniques in diagnosing and treating patients have to be established to guarantee patient safety. Patients should be extensively informed about relevant ADRs and physicians should actively ask patients about the timely recognition of ADRs. The use of psychotropic drugs may lead to an increased risk of developing ADRs, which are considered to be particularly unfavorable if they occur simultaneously with an acute infection or may even lead to an increased risk of infection. These include respiratory depression, agranulocytosis, intoxication by inhibition of metabolizing enzymes and venous thromboembolism, each of which may be associated with potentially fatal consequences; however, physicians should simultaneously ensure adequate efficacy of treatment, since the ongoing crisis may lead to a worsening of preexisting mental illnesses and to a surge in first onset of psychiatric disorders.},
}
@article {pmid32488360,
year = {2020},
author = {Lamy, PJ and Rébillard, X and Vacherot, F and de la Taille, A},
title = {Androgenic hormones and the excess male mortality observed in COVID-19 patients: new convergent data.},
journal = {World journal of urology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00345-020-03284-y},
pmid = {32488360},
issn = {1433-8726},
}
@article {pmid32488341,
year = {2020},
author = {Rajendram, R and Kharal, GA and Mahmood, N and Puri, R and Kharal, M},
title = {Rethinking the respiratory paradigm of COVID-19: a 'hole' in the argument.},
journal = {Intensive care medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00134-020-06102-6},
pmid = {32488341},
issn = {1432-1238},
}
@article {pmid32488323,
year = {2020},
author = {Mattogno, PP and Rigante, M and Lauretti, L and Parrilla, C and D'Alessandris, QG and Paludetti, G and Olivi, A},
title = {Transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery during COVID-19 pandemic: algorithm of management in an Italian reference COVID center.},
journal = {Acta neurochirurgica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00701-020-04414-6},
pmid = {32488323},
issn = {0942-0940},
}
@article {pmid32488319,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahlke, L and Flohé, S and Matthes, G and Paffrath, T and Wagner, F and Wölfl, C and , },
title = {[Surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic : Recommendations on operative procedures].},
journal = {Der Unfallchirurg},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00113-020-00830-6},
pmid = {32488319},
issn = {1433-044X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In February 2020 Germany was also hit by the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic. Even patients infected by SARS-CoV‑2 or COVID-19 may need operative procedures. Currently, no uniform recommendations exist on precautions to be taken when operating on these patients. Furthermore, they may differ from one hospital to another.<br><br>METHODS: The task force COVID-19 of the emergency, intensive and severely injured section of the German Trauma Society (DGU e. V.) has developed consensus-based recommendations on surgical treatment of patients with SARS-CoV‑2 infections. Great importance is placed on the implementation in hospitals at all levels of care.<br><br>RESULTS: The indications for surgical interventions in patients with COVID-19 infections require an extremely critical evaluation. When indicated these surgical intervention should ideally be performed in a separate operating theater. All personnel involved should wear personal protective equipment with FFP2 masks, face shields and double gloves. The emergency team in the resuscitation bay should generally wear the same personal protective equipment. Special training is mandatory and the exposure of team members should be minimized.<br><br>CONCLUSION: The recommendations are principally used for all kinds of surgery and comply with the currently available knowledge. Nevertheless, all recommendations represent a compromise between maximum safety of all medical staff and practicability in the routine hospital workflow.},
}
@article {pmid32488318,
year = {2020},
author = {Criado, PR and Abdalla, BMZ and de Assis, IC and van Blarcum de Graaff Mello, C and Caputo, GC and Vieira, IC},
title = {Are the cutaneous manifestations during or due to SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 frequent or not? Revision of possible pathophysiologic mechanisms.},
journal = {Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1007/s00011-020-01370-w},
pmid = {32488318},
issn = {1420-908X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: SARS-Cov-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus, a Betacoronavirus, composed of 16 non-structural proteins, with specific roles in replication of coronaviruses. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not yet fully understood. The virus and host factors interplay among distinct outcomes of infected patients.<br><br>METHODS: Using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) in PubMed, authors searched for articles cotaining information on COVID-19 and the skin.<br><br>RESULTS: The pathophysiology of the disease is multifactorial: association with innate immune response, hypercoagulability state, lung tissue damage, neurological and/or gastrointestinal tract involvement, monocytic/macrophage activation syndrome, culminating in exaggerated cytokine secretion, called &quot;cytokine storm&quot;, which leads to worsening and death. These systemic conditions may be associated with cutaneous lesions, that have polymorphic aspects, where at histopathological level show involvement in different skin changes. These lesions may be associated with multisystemic manifestations that could occur due to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and transmembrane serine protease action, allowing the pulmonary infection and possibly skin manifestation. Several reports in literature show cutaneous lesions similar to chilblain, urticarial eruptions, diffuse or disseminated erythema, livedo racemosa, blue toe syndrome, retiform purpura, vesicle trunk, purpuric exanthema or exanthema with clinical aspects of symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) and others.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This review describes the complexity of Covid-19, pathophysiological and clinical aspects, dermatological finding and other dermatological conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19.},
}
@article {pmid32488270,
year = {2020},
author = {Lum, LHW and Tambyah, PA},
title = {Outbreak of COVID-19 - an urgent need for good science to silence our fears?.},
journal = {Singapore medical journal},
volume = {61},
number = {3},
pages = {169},
doi = {10.11622/smedj.2020034},
pmid = {32488270},
issn = {0037-5675},
}
@article {pmid32488235,
year = {2020},
author = {Sung, AD and R Nichols, K and Chao, NJ},
title = {House Calls for Stem Cell Transplants During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Blood},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1182/blood.2020006573},
pmid = {32488235},
issn = {1528-0020},
}
@article {pmid32488217,
year = {2020},
author = {Chorin, E and Dai, M and Shulman, E and Wadhwani, L and Bar-Cohen, R and Barbhaiya, C and Aizer, A and Holmes, D and Bernstein, S and Spinelli, M and Park, DS and Chinitz, LA and Jankelson, L},
title = {The QT interval in patients with COVID-19 treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.},
journal = {Nature medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41591-020-0888-2},
pmid = {32488217},
issn = {1546-170X},
}
@article {pmid32488203,
year = {2020},
author = {Merad, M and Martin, JC},
title = {Author Correction: Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages.},
journal = {Nature reviews. Immunology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41577-020-0353-y},
pmid = {32488203},
issn = {1474-1741},
abstract = {An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.},
}
@article {pmid32488201,
year = {2020},
author = {Lemke, G and Silverman, GJ},
title = {Blood clots and TAM receptor signalling in COVID-19 pathogenesis.},
journal = {Nature reviews. Immunology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41577-020-0354-x},
pmid = {32488201},
issn = {1474-1741},
}
@article {pmid32488194,
year = {2020},
author = {Giorgianni, A and Vinacci, G and Agosti, E and Cariddi, LP and Mauri, M and Baruzzi, F and Versino, M},
title = {Transient acute-onset tetraparesis in a COVID-19 patient.},
journal = {Spinal cord},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41393-020-0493-8},
pmid = {32488194},
issn = {1476-5624},
}
@article {pmid32488190,
year = {2020},
author = {Marques, L},
title = {These methods from psychiatry can help you beat stress during the coronavirus pandemic.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01657-2},
pmid = {32488190},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488188,
year = {2020},
author = {Viglione, G},
title = {How scientific conferences will survive the coronavirus shock.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01521-3},
pmid = {32488188},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488187,
year = {2020},
author = {Subbaraman, N},
title = {Sputnik moment or budget breaker: How will the pandemic alter research funding?.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01519-x},
pmid = {32488187},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488186,
year = {2020},
author = {Dafforn, TR},
title = {Pandemic research: UK must coordinate.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01654-5},
pmid = {32488186},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488173,
year = {2020},
author = {Rawson, TM and Ming, D and Ahmad, R and Moore, LSP and Holmes, AH},
title = {Antimicrobial use, drug-resistant infections and COVID-19.},
journal = {Nature reviews. Microbiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/s41579-020-0395-y},
pmid = {32488173},
issn = {1740-1534},
}
@article {pmid32488164,
year = {2020},
author = {Subbaraman, N},
title = {Return to the lab: scientists face shiftwork, masks and distancing as coronavirus lockdowns ease.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {582},
number = {7810},
pages = {15-16},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01587-z},
pmid = {32488164},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488162,
year = {2020},
author = {Ledford, H},
title = {Safety fears over drug hyped to treat the coronavirus spark global confusion.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {582},
number = {7810},
pages = {18-19},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01599-9},
pmid = {32488162},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32488158,
year = {2020},
author = {McPhearson, T and Mustafa, A and Ortiz, L},
title = {Heat and coronavirus can be twin killers.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {582},
number = {7810},
pages = {32},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-020-01627-8},
pmid = {32488158},
issn = {1476-4687},
}
@article {pmid32487985,
year = {2020},
author = {Expósito Delgado, A and Visuerte Sánchez, JM and Soto Ibarreta, MT and Hernández Nieto, J and Cerviño Ferradanes, S},
title = {[Delivery of oral health in andalusian health service on the de-escalation of SARS-CoV-2].},
journal = {Revista espanola de salud publica},
volume = {94},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {32487985},
issn = {2173-9110},
abstract = {The pandemic declared by SARS-CoV-2 has meant a crisis in the health system that forced the urgent implementation of preventive public health measures. The respiratory transmission virus remains stable on surfaces, being able to spread by air in respiratory droplets or in procedures that generate aerosols. Dental activity is one of the professional sectors with the highest exposure index, both due to the generation of aerosols in most interventions, as well as the impossibility of maintaining a safe distance between patients and professionals. The postponement of scheduled and non-urgent healthcare activities in dental offices is one of the measures implemented to reduce the risk that it posed for the health and well-being of citizens. This report addresses the recommendations and measures to be taken into account to minimize risks in the Oral Health Units of the Andalusian Public Health System, to address the oral pathology of the population assigned in the scenario of improvement of the pandemic and its partial lack of confinement.},
}
@article {pmid32487972,
year = {2020},
author = {Pattanakuhar, S and Tangvinit, C and Kovindha, A},
title = {A Patient with Acute Cervical Cord Injury and COVID-19: A First Case Report.},
journal = {American journal of physical medicine &amp; rehabilitation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/PHM.0000000000001485},
pmid = {32487972},
issn = {1537-7385},
abstract = {During the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is possible for rehabilitation physicians and personnel to take care of patients with concurrent spinal cord injury (SCI) and COVID-19. Here, we describe a case of acute cervical SCI resulting in complete tetraplegia C5 American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) A with unrecognized, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV-2) infection. This resulted in large-scale quarantines of related surgical and rehabilitation staff, and the unexpected death of the patient despite receiving the treatments according to the standard guideline. Rehabilitation personnel who take care of acute SCI patients with COVID-19 should consider the effect of SCI on the course of COVID-19, the effect of COVID-19 and its treatments on the course of SCI, and risks of SAR-CoV2 transmission between patients and rehabilitation staff, to continue providing safe and effective rehabilitation programs.},
}
@article {pmid32487927,
year = {2020},
author = {Strickland, CJ and Karaye, IM and Horney, JA},
title = {Associations Between State Public Health Agency Structure and Pace and Extent of Implementation of Social Distancing Control Measures.},
journal = {Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000001215},
pmid = {32487927},
issn = {1550-5022},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess associations between state public health agency governance and timing and extent of implementation of social distancing control measures during COVID-19 response.<br><br>DESIGN: State public health agencies were stratified by governance, and data on timing and extent of social distancing were collected from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Multinomial logistic regression and time-to-event analyses were conducted to quantify impacts of governance structure on timing and extent of social distancing.<br><br>SETTING: State health departments in the United States.<br><br>RESULTS: States operating under centralized public health governance structures enacted social distancing 4 days after decentralized states and had a 73% reduced likelihood of enacting a social distancing policy (hazard ratio = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.86).<br><br>CONCLUSION: State health department governance structure may have implications on timing and extent of social distancing control measures implemented during a public health emergency.},
}
@article {pmid32487907,
year = {2020},
author = {Cohen, BH and Busis, NA and Ciccarelli, L},
title = {Coding in the World of COVID-19: Non-Face-to-Face Evaluation and Management Care.},
journal = {Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {785-798},
doi = {10.1212/CON.0000000000000874},
pmid = {32487907},
issn = {1538-6899},
abstract = {Almost all medical care in the United States is delivered with the provider and patient in immediate proximity; this model is referred to as face-to-face care. Medical services can be apportioned as procedural care (eg, surgery, radiology, or laboratory testing and others) or cognitive care, also known as Evaluation and Management (E/M) services, in which the provider formulates an assessment and plan after obtaining information from the patient's history, examination, and diagnostic tests.Providing a medical opinion and plan using the telephone as the technology that links the provider and the patient is an example of a non-face-to-face E/M service. Common Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes and the details for how to provide telephone services have been available for decades but have not been reimbursed and therefore were rarely used. In recent years, as new technologies have evolved, there has been slow and steady acceptance that non-face-to-face E/M care can be an adjunct to or replacement for some face-to-face E/M services. These technologies and the descriptors for associated CPT and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes were introduced over the past few years and have become known by the generic term telehealth. They have been slowly incorporated into medical practice. Most of these services were introduced in the consumer retail market, in which the cost was borne directly by the patient, or as private contract services, in which the cost was borne by the consulting hospital, such as with telestroke services. In both the consumer retail model and private contract model, the care delivered usually did not involve CPT or HCPCS coding. The adoption of telehealth has been slow, in part because of the initial costs and several regulatory constraints, as well as the reluctance of patients, providers, and the insurance industry to change the concept that medical care could only be delivered when the patient and their provider were in physical proximity.After the COVID-19 pandemic reached the United States, the US Department of Health &amp; Human Services issued a public health emergency and declared a Section 1135 Waiver that lifted many of the administrative constraints. With the need for near-absolute social distancing, this perfect storm has resulted in the immediate adoption of telemedicine, at least for the duration of the pandemic, for cognitive care to be delivered using communication technologies that are already in place. This article discusses the most common forms of non-face-to-face E/M care and the proper coding elements necessary to provide these services.},
}
@article {pmid32487892,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahajan, C and Kapoor, I and Prabhakar, H},
title = {Psychological effects of Corona Virus Disease (COVID 19) on children of Health Care Workers.},
journal = {Anesthesia and analgesia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1213/ANE.0000000000005034},
pmid = {32487892},
issn = {1526-7598},
}
@article {pmid32487877,
year = {2020},
author = {Kalea, AZ and Klimis-Zacas, D},
title = {Challenges and Insights amidst the Covid-19 pandemic: Nutrition, the immune system and disease risk.},
journal = {Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/MCO.0000000000000667},
pmid = {32487877},
issn = {1473-6519},
}
@article {pmid32487876,
year = {2020},
author = {Correia, MITD},
title = {Nutrition in times of Covid-19, how to trust the deluge of scientific information.},
journal = {Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/MCO.0000000000000666},
pmid = {32487876},
issn = {1473-6519},
abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The Covid-19 pandemic has daunted the world with its enormous impact on healthcare, economic recession, and psychological distress. Nutrition is an integral part of every person life care, and should also be mandatorily integrated to patient care under the Covid-19 pandemic. It is crucial to understand how the Covid-19 does develop and which risk factors are associated with negative outcomes and death. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have studies that respect the basic tenets of the scientific method in order to be trusted. The goal of this review is to discuss the deluge of scientific data and how it might influence clinical reasoning and practice.<br><br>RECENT FINDINGS: A large number of scientific manuscripts are daily published worldwide, and the Covid-19 makes no exception. Up to now, data on Covid-19 have come from countries initially affected by the disease and mostly pertain either epidemiological observations or opinion papers. Many of them do not fulfil the essential principles characterizing the adequate scientific method.<br><br>SUMMARY: It is crucial to be able to critical appraise the scientific literature, in order to provide adequate nutrition therapy to patients, and in particular, to Covid-19 infected individuals.},
}
@article {pmid32487869,
year = {2020},
author = {Imazio, M and Andreis, A and De Ferrari, GM},
title = {COVID-19 and myocardial injury: is there a role for interleukin-1 inhibition?.},
journal = {Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2459/JCM.0000000000000998},
pmid = {32487869},
issn = {1558-2035},
}
@article {pmid32487856,
year = {2020},
author = {Ouzzane, A and Colin, P},
title = {Cost-Effective Filtrating Suction to Evacuate Surgical Smoke in Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Surgical laparoscopy, endoscopy &amp; percutaneous techniques},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SLE.0000000000000811},
pmid = {32487856},
issn = {1534-4908},
abstract = {The wide and fast spread of COVID-19 around the world has led to a dramatic increase in the need for protection products both for carers and for populations. Surgical team protection includes a systematic screening of patients, wearing protection devices by all the operating staff, and adequate management of aerosols. The risk of aerosol dispersal is particularly high during laparoscopic and robotic surgeries due to the interaction between circulating CO2 and surgical smoke that may contain small viral particles. To decrease the risk of virus transmission, many recommendations have been implemented including the use of integrated insufflation devices comprising smoke evacuation and filtration mode. Such devices are lacking in many centers around the world and to overcome this urgent unmet need, we designed a cost-effective filtrating suction as a more readily available alternative.},
}
@article {pmid32487803,
year = {2020},
author = {Rao, SA and Ravi, MS and Zhao, JW and Sturgeon, C and Bilimoria, KY},
title = {Social Media Responses to Elective Surgery Cancellations in the Wake of COVID-19.},
journal = {Annals of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SLA.0000000000004106},
pmid = {32487803},
issn = {1528-1140},
}
@article {pmid32487802,
year = {2020},
author = {Turaga, KK and Girotra, S},
title = {Are We Harming Cancer Patients by Delaying Their Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic?.},
journal = {Annals of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SLA.0000000000003967},
pmid = {32487802},
issn = {1528-1140},
}
@article {pmid32487801,
year = {2020},
author = {Graham, LA and Maldonado, YA and Tompkins, LS and Wald, SH and Chawla, A and Hawn, MT},
title = {Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Transmission from Community Contacts in Healthcare Workers.},
journal = {Annals of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SLA.0000000000003968},
pmid = {32487801},
issn = {1528-1140},
}
@article {pmid32487797,
year = {2020},
author = {Antonello, RM and Dal Bo, E and De Cristofaro, P and Luzzati, R and Di Bella, S},
title = {The seXY side of COVID-19: what is behind female protection?.},
journal = {Le infezioni in medicina},
volume = {28},
number = {2},
pages = {288-289},
pmid = {32487797},
issn = {1124-9390},
abstract = {Not availble.},
}
@article {pmid32487793,
year = {2020},
author = {Saccaro, LF and Galfo, V and Ferranti, S and Russo, A and Menichetti, F},
title = {Severe respiratory failure in an immunocompetent host with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and H1N1 influenza.},
journal = {Le infezioni in medicina},
volume = {28},
number = {2},
pages = {263-267},
pmid = {32487793},
issn = {1124-9390},
abstract = {Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a life-threatening condition that usually occurs in immunocompromised hosts. However, according to recent reports it can affect immunocompetent hosts with severe influenza infection due to viral-dependent disruption of respiratory immune defenses. We present the case of a 61-year-old Caucasian man admitted to the Emergency Department with respiratory failure and fever, who was diagnosed with H1N1 influenza and IPA. Because of his poor general conditions, he was treated with a double antifungal scheme, although this lies outside the suggested treatment guidelines. This choice turned out to be extremely effective. He was discharged after one month and his clinical conditions showed rapid improvement, with nearly complete normalization of the radiological pattern in three months. IPA remains a life-threatening condition, even in immunocompetent hosts, and should therefore always be suspected; if necessary, a combined treatment should rapidly be started. We report this case as the interest in influenza-associated IPA is high, both due to the clinical severity of this condition, which is treatable if identified early, and the emerging importance of respiratory infections caused by viruses belonging to the SARS family, such as SARS-CoV-2.},
}
@article {pmid32487789,
year = {2020},
author = {Escalera-Antezana, JP and Lizon-Ferrufino, NF and Maldonado-Alanoca, A and Alarcon-De-la-Vega, G and Alvarado-Arnez, LE and Balderrama-Saavedra, MA and Bonilla-Aldana, DK and Rodriguez-Morales, AJ},
title = {Risk factors for mortality in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Bolivia: An analysis of the first 107 confirmed cases.},
journal = {Le infezioni in medicina},
volume = {28},
number = {2},
pages = {238-242},
pmid = {32487789},
issn = {1124-9390},
abstract = {The present study is aimed to assess the risk factors for mortality in the first 107 rRT-PCR confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Bolivia. For this observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, the epidemiological data records were collected from the Hospitals and the Ministry of Health of Bolivia, obtaining the clinical and epidemiological data of the COVID-19 cases that were laboratory-diagnosed during March 2-29, 2020. Samples were tested by rRT-PCR to SARS-CoV-2 at the Laboratory of the National Center of Tropical Diseases (CENETROP), following the protocol Charite, Berlin, Germany. The odds ratio (OR) with respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for mortality as dependent variable was calculated. When we comparatively analyzed survivors and non-survivors in this first group of 107 cases in Bolivia, we found that at bivariate analyses, age (±60 years old), hypertension, chronic heart failure, diabetes, and obesity, as well as the requirement of ICU, were significantly exposure variables associated with death. At the multivariate analysis (logistic regression), two variables remained significantly associated, age, ±60 years-old (OR=9.4, 95%CI 1.8-104.1) and hypertension (OR=3.3, 95%CI 1.3-6.3). As expected, age and comorbidities, particularly hypertension, were independent risk factors for mortality in Bolivia in the first 107 cases group. More further studies are required to better define risk factors and preventive measures related to COVID-19 in this and other Latin American countries.},
}
@article {pmid32487774,
year = {2020},
author = {Tan, T and Yee, CH and Ng, CF and Teoh, JYC},
title = {COVID-19 and the history of antiseptic surgery: how to tackle these little beasts.},
journal = {Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12809/hkmj208617},
pmid = {32487774},
issn = {1024-2708},
}
@article {pmid32487773,
year = {2020},
author = {Xue, W and Lam, C and Yeung, HH and Wong, CS and Chan, VLY and Wong, YS},
title = {Travel restrictions in the rising COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.12809/hkmj208554},
pmid = {32487773},
issn = {1024-2708},
}
@article {pmid32487724,
year = {2020},
author = {Bressan, S and Gallo, E and Tirelli, F and Gregori, D and Da Dalt, L},
title = {Lockdown: more domestic accidents than COVID-19 in children.},
journal = {Archives of disease in childhood},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/archdischild-2020-319547},
pmid = {32487724},
issn = {1468-2044},
}
@article {pmid32487719,
year = {2020},
author = {Sim, MR},
title = {Another changing of the guard at OEM, this time during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Occupational and environmental medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/oemed-2020-106720},
pmid = {32487719},
issn = {1470-7926},
}
@article {pmid32487714,
year = {2020},
author = {Costello, F and Dalakas, MC},
title = {Cranial Neuropathies and COVID-19: Neurotropism and Autoimmunity.},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000009921},
pmid = {32487714},
issn = {1526-632X},
abstract = {The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or &quot;COVID-19&quot; global pandemic began in late 2019. Like its predecessors, SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), COVID-19 binds to angiotension converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to facilitate tissue invasion, and potentially gain entry into the nervous system.1 This single-stranded RNA virus shares 75-80% identical genome sequence with MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, but has increased virulence, persistence, and lethality.2 Amid catastrophic human suffering, severe neurological complications of COVID-19 have been identified; yet, subtle neurological manifestations have likely been under-reported.},
}
@article {pmid32487704,
year = {2020},
author = {Mistry, T and Kuppusamy, E},
title = {Reply to Tognù et al: regional anesthesia for proximal humerus surgery during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Regional anesthesia and pain medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/rapm-2020-101729},
pmid = {32487704},
issn = {1532-8651},
}
@article {pmid32487701,
year = {2020},
author = {Shepherd, A},
title = {Covid-19: Frontline doctors continue PPE fight.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2188},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2188},
pmid = {32487701},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487685,
year = {2020},
author = {Ciavattini, A and Delli Carpini, G and Giannella, L and Arbyn, M and Kyrgiou, M and Joura, EA and Sehouli, J and Carcopino, X and Redman, CW and Nieminen, P and Cruickshank, M and Gultekin, M},
title = {European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) and European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) joint considerations about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening programs, colposcopy, and surgery during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/ijgc-2020-001617},
pmid = {32487685},
issn = {1525-1438},
}
@article {pmid32487681,
year = {2020},
author = {Bermingham, WH and Wilding, T and Beck, S and Huissoon, A},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 serology: Test, test, test, but interpret with caution!.},
journal = {Clinical medicine (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.7861/clinmed.2020-0170},
pmid = {32487681},
issn = {1473-4893},
abstract = {SARS-CoV-2 serological tests are a subject of intense interest and have the potential to significantly enhance the diagnostic capability of healthcare services in the current pandemic. However, as with all novel assays, significant validation is required to understand the clinical relevance of results.We present the first study to assess clinician interpretation of SARS-CoV-2 serology scenarios. We identify common key assumptions regarding patient infectivity and protection that are not currently supported by the SARS-CoV-2 evidence base. In this rapidly developing field, we therefore strongly recommend serological assay results are accompanied by clear interpretive support from laboratory and infectious diseases specialists.},
}
@article {pmid32487664,
year = {2020},
author = {Mahase, E},
title = {Covid-19: 146 researchers raise concerns over chloroquine study that halted WHO trial.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2197},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2197},
pmid = {32487664},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487547,
year = {2020},
author = {Watterson, AE},
title = {Chief coroner's guidance on covid-19 deaths: workers outside the NHS are also vulnerable to risk.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2179},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2179},
pmid = {32487547},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487546,
year = {2020},
author = {Dimarco, AD},
title = {Covid-19 and ethnicity: it's too early to point to healthcare provider attitudes as a cause of poorer outcomes.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2181},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2181},
pmid = {32487546},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487540,
year = {2020},
author = {Kar, P},
title = {Partha Kar: Covid-19-time for parity in commissioning diabetes services.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2154},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2154},
pmid = {32487540},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487520,
year = {2020},
author = {Khan, N and Jones, D and Grice, A and Alderson, S and Bradley, S and Carder, P and Drinkwater, J and Edwards, H and Essang, B and Richards, S and Neal, R},
title = {A brave new world: the new normal for general practice after the COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {BJGP open},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3399/bjgpopen20X101103},
pmid = {32487520},
issn = {2398-3795},
}
@article {pmid32487518,
year = {2020},
author = {Rashid, SF and Theobald, S and Ozano, K},
title = {Towards a socially just model: balancing hunger and response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.},
journal = {BMJ global health},
volume = {5},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002715},
pmid = {32487518},
issn = {2059-7908},
}
@article {pmid32487515,
year = {2020},
author = {O'Dowd, A},
title = {Covid-19: Easing lockdown could risk second spike, say public health doctors.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2193},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2193},
pmid = {32487515},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487514,
year = {2020},
author = {Iacobucci, G},
title = {Covid-19: GPs angry they were not told about changes to shielding advice.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {369},
number = {},
pages = {m2196},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.m2196},
pmid = {32487514},
issn = {1756-1833},
}
@article {pmid32487513,
year = {2020},
author = {Çınar, OE and Sayınalp, B and Aladağ Karakulak, E and Avşar Karataş, A and Velet, M and İnkaya, AÇ and Ersoy Ortaç, NE and Öcal, S and Aksu, S and Haznedaroğlu, İC and Sayınalp, N and Özcebe, Oİ},
title = {Convalescent (immune) plasma treatment in a myelodysplastic COVID-19 patient with disseminated tuberculosis.},
journal = {Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {102821},
doi = {10.1016/j.transci.2020.102821},
pmid = {32487513},
issn = {1473-0502},
abstract = {During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus of which evidence-based medical paradigms cannot be easily applied; difficult clinical decisions shall be required particularly in the 'difficult-to-treat' cases of high risk group with associated comorbidities. Convalescent immune plasma therapy is a promising option as a sort of 'rescue' treatment in COVID-19 immune syndrome, where miraculous antiviral drugs are not available yet. In this report, we aim to convey our experience of multi-task treatment approach with convalescent immune plasma and anti-cytokine drug combination in a COVID-19 patient with extremely challenging comorbidities including active myeloid malignancy, disseminated tuberculosis and kidney failure.},
}
@article {pmid32487511,
year = {2020},
author = {Kumar, S and Azim, D and Nasim, S and Hashmi, SH},
title = {Dwindling blood reserves: An ominous downside of COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {102818},
doi = {10.1016/j.transci.2020.102818},
pmid = {32487511},
issn = {1473-0502},
}
@article {pmid32487506,
year = {2020},
author = {Debes, JD and Anugwom, CM and Aby, ES},
title = {Systematic analysis of acute liver injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection.},
journal = {Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.dld.2020.05.006},
pmid = {32487506},
issn = {1878-3562},
}
@article {pmid32487503,
year = {2020},
author = {Higgins, E and Walters, S and Powell, E and Staffurth, J},
title = {The Impact of the Acute Phase of COVID-19 on Radiotherapy Demand in South East Wales.},
journal = {Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.clon.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32487503},
issn = {1433-2981},
}
@article {pmid32487491,
year = {2020},
author = {Oosterhoff, B and Palmer, CA and Wilson, J and Shook, N},
title = {Adolescents' Motivations to Engage in Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Mental and Social Health.},
journal = {The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.004},
pmid = {32487491},
issn = {1879-1972},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Reducing the spread of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted recommendations for individuals to socially distance. Little is known about the extent to which youth are socially distancing, what motivations underlie their social distancing, and how these motivations are connected with amount of social distancing, mental health, and social health. Using a large sample of adolescents from across the United States, this study examined adolescents' motivations for social distancing, their engagement in social distancing, and their mental and social health.<br><br>METHODS: Data were collected on March 29th and 30th, 2020, two weeks after COVID-19 was declared a national emergency in the United States. The sample consisted of 683 adolescents recruited using social media. A series of multiple linear regressions examined unique associations among adolescents' motivations to engage in social distancing, perceived amount of social distancing, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, burdensomeness, and belongingness.<br><br>RESULTS: Almost all respondents (98.1%) reported engaging in at least a little social distancing. The most commonly reported motivations for social distancing concerned social responsibility and not wanting others to get sick. Motivations concerning state or city lockdowns, parental rules, and social responsibility were associated with greater social distancing, whereas motivations concerning no alternatives were associated with less social distancing. Specific motivations for social distancing were differentially associated with adolescents' anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, burdensomeness, and belongingness.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Understanding adolescents' motivations to engage in social distancing may inform strategies to increase social distancing engagement, reduce pathogen transmission, and identify individual differences in mental and social health during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32487489,
year = {2020},
author = {Abbott, A and Askelson, N and Scherer, AM and Afifi, RA},
title = {Critical Reflections on COVID-19 Communication Efforts Targeting Adolescents and Young Adults.},
journal = {The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32487489},
issn = {1879-1972},
}
@article {pmid32487487,
year = {2020},
author = {Shirke, MM and Shaikh, SA and Harky, A},
title = {Tele-oncology in the COVID-19 Era: The Way Forward?.},
journal = {Trends in cancer},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.trecan.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32487487},
issn = {2405-8025},
abstract = {COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on the care of cancer patients. Thus, tele-oncology has become a necessity to improve cancer care. Several organisations have issued guidelines for its use during COVID-19. Despite certain shortcomings, tele-oncology has great potential to help cancer patients during COVID-19 and in the future.},
}
@article {pmid32487463,
year = {2020},
author = {Miranda, EP and Nascimento, B and Torres, LO and Glina, S},
title = {Challenges in the Practice of Sexual Medicine in the Time of COVID-19.},
journal = {The journal of sexual medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32487463},
issn = {1743-6109},
}
@article {pmid32487460,
year = {2020},
author = {Melhuish, TM and Vlok, R and Thang, C and Askew, J and White, L},
title = {Outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for patients with COVID-19: A pooled analysis of 331 cases.},
journal = {The American journal of emergency medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.039},
pmid = {32487460},
issn = {1532-8171},
}
@article {pmid32487445,
year = {2020},
author = {Gómez-Caminero-López, F and García-Talavera-San-Miguel, P and Lucas Velázquez, B and García Arroyo, J and Díaz González, LG and Gómez Grande, A},
title = {Bilateral viral pneumonia by COVID-19 as a chance finding in staging with 18F-FGD-PET/CT of patient with right calf melanoma.},
journal = {Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.remn.2020.03.014},
pmid = {32487445},
issn = {2253-8070},
}
@article {pmid32487439,
year = {2020},
author = {Hiscott, J and Alexandridi, M and Muscolini, M and Tassone, E and Palermo, E and Soultsioti, M and Zevini, A},
title = {The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic.},
journal = {Cytokine &amp; growth factor reviews},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.010},
pmid = {32487439},
issn = {1879-0305},
abstract = {The coronavirus pandemic has engulfed the nations of the world for the first five months of 2020 and altered the pace, fabric and nature of our lives. In this overview accompanying the Special Issue of Cytokine &amp; Growth Factor Reviews, we examine some of the many social and scientific issues impacted by SARS-CoV2 - personal lives, economy, scientific communication, the environment. International members of Istituto Pasteur in Rome and INITIATE, the Marie Curie Training Network reflect on the lasting global impact of the coronavirus pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32487436,
year = {2020},
author = {Tan, S and Wu, G},
title = {ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance on clinical nutrition in COVID-19 patients.},
journal = {Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.026},
pmid = {32487436},
issn = {1532-1983},
}
@article {pmid32487434,
year = {2020},
author = {Lal, S and Van Gossum, A and Joly, F and Bozzetti, F and Cuerda, C and Lamprecht, G and Mundi, MS and Staun, M and Szczepanek, K and Wanten, G and Wheatley, C and Pironi, L and , },
title = {Considerations for the management of home parenteral nutrition during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A position paper from the Home Artificial Nutrition and Chronic Intestinal Failure Special Interest Group of ESPEN.},
journal = {Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.023},
pmid = {32487434},
issn = {1532-1983},
abstract = {The management of patients with chronic intestinal failure requiring home parenteral nutrition has been and will continue to be impaired during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Multidisciplinary intestinal failure teams may have to adapt their clinical approaches to home care, outpatient care as well as hospital admission and discharge in order to keep this vulnerable group of patients as safe and well as possible during the unprecedented challenges that countries are facing during the pandemic. Equally, it is important that expert advice from intestinal failure teams is available when home parenteral nutrition (HPN)-dependent patients require admission with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Home Artificial Nutrition &amp; Chronic Intestinal Failure Special Interest Group of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) has developed a position paper to outline areas for intestinal failure teams to consider when managing patients with chronic intestinal failure during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32487432,
year = {2020},
author = {Arnold, RH and Tideman, PA and Devlin, GP and Carroll, GE and Elder, A and Lowe, H and Macdonald, PS and Bannon, PG and Juergens, C and McGuire, M and Mariani, JA and Coffey, S and Faddy, S and Brown, A and Inglis, S and Wang, WYS},
title = {Rural and Remote Cardiology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ) Consensus Statement.},
journal = {Heart, lung &amp; circulation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.001},
pmid = {32487432},
issn = {1444-2892},
abstract = {THE CHALLENGES: Rural and remote Australians and New Zealanders have a higher rate of adverse outcomes due to acute myocardial infarction, driven by many factors. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also higher in regional and remote populations, and people with known CVD have increased morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, COVID-19 is associated with serious cardiac manifestations, potentially placing additional demand on limited regional services at a time of diminished visiting metropolitan support with restricted travel. Inter-hospital transfer is currently challenging as receiving centres enact pandemic protocols, creating potential delays, and cardiovascular resources are diverted to increasing intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency department (ED) capacity. Regional and rural centres have limited staff resources, placing cardiac services at risk in the event of staff infection or quarantine during the pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32487426,
year = {2020},
author = {Hai, S and Elkbuli, A},
title = {Challenges and Ethical Considerations for Trainees and Attending Physicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Surgeons},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.05.009},
pmid = {32487426},
issn = {1879-1190},
}
@article {pmid32487424,
year = {2020},
author = {Ip, V and Sondekoppam, R},
title = {Absence of Evidence Is Not the Evidence of Absence: Clinical Consideration when Interpreting Guidelines for the COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Surgeons},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.05.013},
pmid = {32487424},
issn = {1879-1190},
}
@article {pmid32487369,
year = {2020},
author = {Rotondi, M and Nieto-Diaz, M and Magri, F and Oliviero, A},
title = {Balancing the need for rapid and rigorous scientific data during early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: A further role for the scientific community.},
journal = {European journal of internal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejim.2020.05.037},
pmid = {32487369},
issn = {1879-0828},
}
@article {pmid32487361,
year = {2020},
author = {Pace, BD and Benson, JR and Malata, CM},
title = {Breast reconstruction and the COVID-19 pandemic: A viewpoint.},
journal = {Journal of plastic, reconstructive &amp; aesthetic surgery : JPRAS},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.033},
pmid = {32487361},
issn = {1878-0539},
}
@article {pmid32487347,
year = {2020},
author = {Nuñez, MA and Pauchard, A and Ricciardi, A},
title = {Invasion Science and the Global Spread of SARS-CoV-2.},
journal = {Trends in ecology &amp; evolution},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2020.05.004},
pmid = {32487347},
issn = {1872-8383},
abstract = {Emerging infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are driven by ecological and socioeconomic factors, and their rapid spread and devastating impacts mirror those of invasive species. Collaborations between biomedical researchers and ecologists, heretofore rare, are vital to limiting future outbreaks. Enhancing the crossdisciplinary framework offered by invasion science could achieve this goal.},
}
@article {pmid32487335,
year = {2020},
author = {Piras, A and Rizzo, D and Longoni, E and Turra, N and Urru, S and Saba, PP and Musumano, L and Bussu, F},
title = {Nasopharyngeal swab collection in the suspicion of Covid-19.},
journal = {American journal of otolaryngology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {102551},
doi = {10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102551},
pmid = {32487335},
issn = {1532-818X},
abstract = {RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA on nasopharyngeal swab is the standard for diagnosing active Covid-19 disease in asymptomatic subjects and in symptomatic patients without the typical radiological findings. Nasopharyngeal swabbing appears a trivial procedure, still an inappropriate nasopharyngeal sampling, performed by untrained operators, can be a relevant cause of false negative findings with a clear negative impact on the effort to control the epidemic and, when PPE is not properly used, this can expose healthcare workers and patients to risks of contagion.},
}
@article {pmid32487320,
year = {2020},
author = {Elanko, A and Khan, J and Hamady, ZZ and Malik, H},
title = {Cancer surgery sustainability in the light of COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology},
volume = {46},
number = {6},
pages = {1174-1175},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejso.2020.05.018},
pmid = {32487320},
issn = {1532-2157},
}
@article {pmid32487319,
year = {2020},
author = {Ferrando, C and Colomina, MJ and Errando, CL and Llau, JV},
title = {Anesthesiology and the Anesthesiologists at COVID-19.},
journal = {Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.redar.2020.05.005},
pmid = {32487319},
issn = {2340-3284},
}
@article {pmid32487283,
year = {2020},
author = {Ryu, S and Ali, ST and Jang, C and Kim, B and Cowling, BJ},
title = {Effect of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, South Korea, 2020.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2610.201886},
pmid = {32487283},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {We analyzed transmission of coronavirus disease outside of the Daegu-Gyeongsangbuk provincial region in South Korea. We estimated that nonpharmaceutical measures reduced transmissibility by a maximum of 34% without resorting to a strict lockdown strategy. To optimize epidemic control, continuous efforts to monitor the transmissibility are needed.},
}
@article {pmid32487282,
year = {2020},
author = {Benameur, K and Agarwal, A and Auld, SC and Butters, MP and Webster, AS and Ozturk, T and Howell, JC and Bassit, LC and Velasquez, A and Schinazi, RF and Mullins, ME and Hu, WT},
title = {Encephalopathy and Encephalitis Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Alterations and Coronavirus Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020.},
journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
volume = {26},
number = {9},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3201/eid2609.202122},
pmid = {32487282},
issn = {1080-6059},
abstract = {There are few detailed investigations of neurologic complications in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. We describe 3 patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease who development of encephalopathy and encephalitis. Neuroimaging showed nonenhancing unilateral, bilateral, and midline changes not readily attributable to vascular causes. All 3 patients had increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of anti-S1 IgM. One patient who died also had increased levels of anti-envelope protein IgM. CSF analysis also showed markedly increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10, but severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was not identified in any CSF sample. These changes provide evidence of CSF periinfectious/postinfectious inflammatory changes during coronavirus disease with neurologic complications.},
}
@article {pmid32487278,
year = {2020},
author = {Velayudhan, L and Aarsland, D and Ballard, C},
title = {Mental health of people living with dementia in care homes during COVID-19 pandemic.},
journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-5},
doi = {10.1017/S1041610220001088},
pmid = {32487278},
issn = {1741-203X},
}
@article {pmid32487275,
year = {2020},
author = {Rana, U},
title = {Elderly Suicides in India: An Emerging Concern during COVID-19 Pandemic.},
journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1017/S1041610220001052},
pmid = {32487275},
issn = {1741-203X},
}
@article {pmid32487271,
year = {2020},
author = {Liu, BM and Yang, QQ and Zhao, LY and Xie, W and Si, XY},
title = {Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in convalescence period.},
journal = {Epidemiology and infection},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-31},
doi = {10.1017/S0950268820001181},
pmid = {32487271},
issn = {1469-4409},
}
@article {pmid32487260,
year = {2020},
author = {Shrestha, GS and Paneru, HR and Vincent, JL},
title = {Precision medicine for COVID-19: a call for better clinical trials.},
journal = {Critical care (London, England)},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {282},
doi = {10.1186/s13054-020-03002-5},
pmid = {32487260},
issn = {1466-609X},
}
@article {pmid32487253,
year = {2020},
author = {Wang, Z and Wang, Z and Sun, R and Wang, X and Gu, S and Zhang, X and Huang, H},
title = {Timely rehabilitation for critical patients with COVID-19: another issue should not be ignored.},
journal = {Critical care (London, England)},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {273},
doi = {10.1186/s13054-020-02967-7},
pmid = {32487253},
issn = {1466-609X},
support = {RNA201910//The open project of Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College)/ ; },
}
@article {pmid32487231,
year = {2020},
author = {Hékimian, G and Lebreton, G and Bréchot, N and Luyt, CE and Schmidt, M and Combes, A},
title = {Severe pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients: a call for increased awareness.},
journal = {Critical care (London, England)},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {274},
doi = {10.1186/s13054-020-02931-5},
pmid = {32487231},
issn = {1466-609X},
}
@article {pmid32487159,
year = {2020},
author = {Feng, W and Zong, W and Wang, F and Ju, S},
title = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a review.},
journal = {Molecular cancer},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {100},
doi = {10.1186/s12943-020-01218-1},
pmid = {32487159},
issn = {1476-4598},
support = {no.81271920, no.81672099 and no.81871720//the national natural science foundation of china/ ; ZDXKB2016011//Key Disciplines of Jiangsu Science and Education/ ; SJCX18-0823//Postgraduate Research &amp; Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province/ ; },
abstract = {In recent years, the prevalence and spread of coronavirus has had a huge impact on global public health. Due to the incomplete understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of the virus, it is difficult for humans to fight against the virus quickly and effectively once the outbreak occurs. In early 2020, a novel coronavirus was discovered in Wuhan, China. Soon after, similar cases were found in other countries around the world, and the number of infected people increased rapidly. So far, the global cumulative number of infected people has exceeded 3 million, and more than 200,000 people have died, which has had a huge impact on global human health and economic development. Every outbreak of disease makes a deep impression on mankind. Herein, we summarize the virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2, and hope that countries can control the outbreak as soon as possible to minimize the loss.},
}
@article {pmid32487139,
year = {2020},
author = {Cour, M and Ovize, M and Argaud, L},
title = {Cyclosporine A: a valid candidate to treat COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure?.},
journal = {Critical care (London, England)},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {276},
doi = {10.1186/s13054-020-03014-1},
pmid = {32487139},
issn = {1466-609X},
}
@article {pmid32487122,
year = {2020},
author = {Fraissé, M and Logre, E and Pajot, O and Mentec, H and Plantefève, G and Contou, D},
title = {Thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a French monocenter retrospective study.},
journal = {Critical care (London, England)},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {275},
doi = {10.1186/s13054-020-03025-y},
pmid = {32487122},
issn = {1466-609X},
}
@article {pmid32487103,
year = {2020},
author = {Turner, T and El-Jardali, F},
title = {The crucible of COVID-19: what the pandemic is teaching us about health research systems.},
journal = {Health research policy and systems},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {52},
doi = {10.1186/s12961-020-00573-1},
pmid = {32487103},
issn = {1478-4505},
abstract = {The global health crisis created by COVID-19 is providing valuable insights into the strengths of our health research system and, perhaps even more clearly, displaying its weaknesses. Much of what is being shown so plainly in the current context is not truly new. We are being reminded that health research systems are slow and noisy as well as that there is a desire for research to inform decision-making, that researchers are great collaborators, and that the walls we are so quick to erect between health research and health practice are unhelpful facades. It is our hope that the clarity with which these issues are being demonstrated by COVID-19 might provide the impetus to address these challenges and seize these opportunities to improve our health research system, for the benefit for communities facing COVID-19 now, and for the benefit of us all in facing the further health challenges that are sure to come.},
}
@article {pmid32487093,
year = {2020},
author = {Osman, I and Cotzia, P and Moran, U and Donnelly, D and Arguelles-Grande, C and Mendoza, S and Moreira, A},
title = {The urgency of utilizing COVID-19 biospecimens for research in the heart of the global pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of translational medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {219},
doi = {10.1186/s12967-020-02388-8},
pmid = {32487093},
issn = {1479-5876},
abstract = {The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and consequent social distancing practices have disrupted essential clinical research functions worldwide. Ironically, this coincides with an immediate need for research to comprehend the biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the pathology of COVID-19. As the global crisis has already led to over 15,000 deaths out of 175,000 confirmed cases in New York City and Nassau County, NY alone, it is increasingly urgent to collect patient biospecimens linked to active clinical follow up. However, building a COVID-19 biorepository amidst the active pandemic is a complex and delicate task. To help facilitate rapid, robust, and regulated research on this novel virus, we report on the successful model implemented by New York University Langone Health (NYULH) within days of outbreak in the most challenging hot spot of infection globally. Using an amended institutional biobanking protocol, these efforts led to accrual of 11,120 patients presenting for SARS-CoV-2 testing, 4267 (38.4%) of whom tested positive for COVID-19. The recently reported genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City Region, which is a crucial development in tracing sources of infection and asymptomatic spread of the novel virus, is the first outcome of this effort. While this growing resource actively supports studies of the New York outbreak in real time, a worldwide effort is necessary to build a collective arsenal of research tools to deal with the global crisis now, and to exploit the virus's biology for translational innovation that outlasts humanity's current dilemma.},
}
@article {pmid32487009,
year = {2020},
author = {Bartels, SJ and Baggett, TP and Freudenreich, O and Bird, BL},
title = {COVID-19 Emergency Reforms in Massachusetts to Support Behavioral Health Care and Reduce Mortality of People With Serious Mental Illness.},
journal = {Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {appips202000244},
doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.202000244},
pmid = {32487009},
issn = {1557-9700},
abstract = {People with serious mental illness are at disproportionate risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality because of high rates of risk factors that directly parallel those related to poor coronavirus outcomes, including smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, along with housing instability, homelessness, food insecurity, and poverty. Community-based behavioral health organizations are also at risk of adverse outcomes because of dramatic declines in revenues and a diminished workforce. The State of Massachusetts has responded to this crisis by rapidly implementing a variety of policy, regulatory, and payment reforms. This column describes some of these reforms, which are designed to enhance remote telehealth delivery of care, ensure access to needed medications and residential care staff, and support the financial livelihood of community-based behavioral health services.},
}
@article {pmid32487005,
year = {2020},
author = {Faezipour, M and Abuzneid, A},
title = {Smartphone-Based Self-Testing of COVID-19 Using Breathing Sounds.},
journal = {Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1089/tmj.2020.0114},
pmid = {32487005},
issn = {1556-3669},
abstract = {Telemedicine could be a key to control the world-wide disruptive and spreading novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 virus directly targets the lungs, leading to pneumonia-like symptoms and shortness of breath with life-threatening consequences. Despite the fact that self-quarantine and social distancing are indispensable during the pandemic, the procedure for testing COVID-19 contraction is conventionally available through nasal swabs, saliva test kits, and blood work at healthcare settings. Therefore, devising personalized self-testing kits for COVID-19 virus and other similar viruses is heavily admired. Many e-health initiatives have been made possible by the advent of smartphones with embedded software, hardware, high-performance computing, and connectivity capabilities. A careful review of breathing sounds and their implications in identifying breathing complications suggests that the breathing sounds of COVID-19 contracted users may reveal certain acoustic signal patterns, which is worth investigating. To this end, acquiring respiratory data solely from breathing sounds fed to the smartphone's microphone strikes as a very appealing resolution. The acquired breathing sounds can be analyzed using advanced signal processing and analysis in tandem with new deep/machine learning and pattern recognition techniques to separate the breathing phases, estimate the lung volume, oxygenation, and to further classify the breathing data input into healthy or unhealthy cases. The ideas presented have the potential to be deployed as self-test breathing monitoring apps for the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, where users can check their breathing sound pattern frequently through the app.},
}
@article {pmid32486964,
year = {2020},
author = {Fantz, CR and Rivers, M},
title = {COVID-19 Awakens a New Focus on Surge Capacity Blood Glucose Testing and the Critical Role of Telehealth in Self-Management.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820930035},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820930035},
pmid = {32486964},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486906,
year = {2020},
author = {Bulled, N and Singer, M},
title = {In the shadow of HIV &amp; TB: A commentary on the COVID epidemic in South Africa.},
journal = {Global public health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-13},
doi = {10.1080/17441692.2020.1775275},
pmid = {32486906},
issn = {1744-1706},
abstract = {While COVID-19 has become a global pandemic that has spread to all regions of the globe, local historic, health, and socio-environmental factors shape the epidemiological contours, response, and social challenges present within each affected nation. Thus, while countries like China, Italy, Iran, Brazil, and the United States have all been hard hit by the pandemic, there are critical differences across these nations in a number of variables (e.g. demographic features, health histories, healthcare systems, infection case rates, case fatality rates, national responses). In other words, within the global pandemic there are multiple importantly distinct national epidemics. Overcoming the grave threats to public health presented by COVID-19 requires both international cooperation and country-specific efforts that reflect local histories, needs, and resources. Already concerns are being expressed among health officials about how COVID-19 might be devastating in Africa. Currently, South Africa has the highest number of diagnosed COVID-19 cases on the continent and has been identified as being at high risk in the pandemic. This paper examines the public health response to the COVID-19 threat, how the prior and ongoing HIV and TB epidemics shape the COVID-19 epidemic and influence the response, and the potential ramifications of the response.},
}
@article {pmid32486900,
year = {2020},
author = {Shelton, C and Demidowich, AP and Zilbermint, M},
title = {Inpatient Diabetes Management During the COVID-19 Crisis: Experiences From Two Community Hospitals.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820930268},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820930268},
pmid = {32486900},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486884,
year = {2020},
author = {Shearer, D},
title = {COVID-19: The Underestimated Pandemic Impacting People With Diabetes.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820929389},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820929389},
pmid = {32486884},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486856,
year = {2020},
author = {Levy, CJ and Levister, CM and Shah, NA},
title = {New Paradigms in Diabetes Management From the Epicenter.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820930040},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820930040},
pmid = {32486856},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486847,
year = {2020},
author = {Klompstra, L and Jaarsma, T},
title = {Delivering healthcare at distance to cardiac patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences from clinical practice.},
journal = {European journal of cardiovascular nursing : journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1474515120930558},
doi = {10.1177/1474515120930558},
pmid = {32486847},
issn = {1873-1953},
}
@article {pmid32486846,
year = {2020},
author = {Koufakis, T and Metallidis, S and Zebekakis, P and Ajjan, RA and Kotsa, K},
title = {Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic: Is the Benefit to Risk Ratio Still Favorable?.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820932155},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820932155},
pmid = {32486846},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486844,
year = {2020},
author = {Melish, JS},
title = {Covid-19 and Diabetes in Hawaii.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820931127},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820931127},
pmid = {32486844},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486843,
year = {2020},
author = {Argento, NB},
title = {A Pandemic Forces United States to Leap Forward.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820929412},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820929412},
pmid = {32486843},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486842,
year = {2020},
author = {Sadhu, AR},
title = {Battlefield Endocrinology.},
journal = {Journal of diabetes science and technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1932296820930275},
doi = {10.1177/1932296820930275},
pmid = {32486842},
issn = {1932-2968},
}
@article {pmid32486811,
year = {2020},
author = {Thomson, DJM and Barclay, DR},
title = {Real-time observations of the impact of COVID-19 on underwater noise.},
journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
volume = {147},
number = {5},
pages = {3390},
doi = {10.1121/10.0001271},
pmid = {32486811},
issn = {1520-8524},
abstract = {A slowdown in global trade activity due to COVID-19 has led to a reduction in commercial shipping traffic into the Port of Vancouver. The Ocean Networks Canada observatory system provides researchers real-time access to oceanographic data from a wide range of instruments including hydrophones located along the offshore and inshore approaches to Vancouver. Measurements of power spectral density at 100 Hz from four of these bottom mounted hydrophones are presented, along with AIS data and shipping and trade statistics to assess to what extent the economic impact of COVID-19 can be observed acoustically and in near real-time. The quarterly trend in median weekly noise power in the shipping band of frequencies shows that a reduction in noise commensurate with the economic slowdown has been observed at three of the four hydrophone stations.},
}
@article {pmid32486609,
year = {2020},
author = {Rossato, M},
title = {What we are talking about when we talk of steroid in COVID-19?.},
journal = {Minerva anestesiologica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.23736/S0375-9393.20.14810-7},
pmid = {32486609},
issn = {1827-1596},
}
@article {pmid32486608,
year = {2020},
author = {Giannini, A and Mantovani, A and Vezzoli, C and Franchini, D and Finazzi, P},
title = {Lung ultrasound for pregnant women admitted to ICU for Covid-19 pneumonia.},
journal = {Minerva anestesiologica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.23736/S0375-9393.20.14726-6},
pmid = {32486608},
issn = {1827-1596},
}
@article {pmid32486563,
year = {2020},
author = {Zeng, XJ and Zhou, XD and Chen, WX},
title = {[Development and improvement of Chinese oral public health system].},
journal = {Zhonghua kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Zhonghua kouqiang yixue zazhi = Chinese journal of stomatology},
volume = {55},
number = {6},
pages = {361-366},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200311-00143},
pmid = {32486563},
issn = {1002-0098},
abstract = {The pandemic of COVID-19 in early 2020 is a big challenge to the mechanism of major epidemic prevention and control, the national public health management system, as well as medical and health resources in China. Going through the COVID-19 crisis, we should fully understand the problems and vulnerabilities of the current public health system in China, and it is imperative to deepen and strengthen the public health system which should be throughout whole life cycle and whole process. Oral cavity is the first portal of human body, while illness finds its way in by the mouth. Oral health is highly related to general health and quality of life. The outbreak has drawn the public's attention to the public health system. The establishment and improvement of the oral public health system with the concept of &quot;public health with Chinese characteristics&quot; should also attract people's attentions and thoughts. Furthermore it is urgent to recognize the importance of oral public health.},
}
@article {pmid32486557,
year = {2020},
author = {Lu, XF and Gong, W and Wang, L and Li, L and Xie, BJ and Peng, ZF and Zha, YF},
title = {[Clinical features and high resolution CT imaging evolution of coronavirus disease 2019].},
journal = {Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases},
volume = {43},
number = {6},
pages = {509-515},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200214-00094},
pmid = {32486557},
issn = {1001-0939},
abstract = {Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations of the clinical characteristics of 141 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the imaging evolution characteristics of High Resolution CT (HRCT) in the chest. Methods: From January 20, 2020 to February 8, 141 COVID-19 patients in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9,87) , were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, laboratory examination indexes and HRCT evolution findings of 141 COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Results: Laboratory examinations of 141 COVID-19 patients showed a decrease in white blood cell count and lymphocyte ratio. Among the 141 patients with COVID-19, fever (>37.5 ℃) was the most common clinical manifestation in 139 cases (98.58%) , and occasionally non-respiratory symptoms such as diarrhea in 4 cases (2.84%) . 141 patients with COVID-19 had abnormal HRCT. 52 (36.88%) chest HRCT images showed ground-glass opacity (GGO) , mainly under pleural; 23 (16.31%) GGO with focal consolidation; 27 (19.15%) small flaky shadows; 20 cases (14.18%) large flaky consolidation shadows; 48 cases (34.04%) bronchovascular bundle thickening and vascular penetrating signs; 5 cases (3.55%) had air bronchial signs; 7 cases (4.96%) of small nodule shadows; 5 cases (3.55%) of fibrosis, grid shadows or strand shadows.135 cases (95.74%) were positive for the first time nucleic acid test, 6 cases (4.26%) were negative, and 71 cases (50.35%) of common type, 47 cases (33.33%) of severe type and 23 cases (16.31%) of critical type were found during the same period. The average time from onset of each type to the first CT examination was: (2.51±1.32) , (5.02±2.01) , and (5.91±1.76) days; 19 (19/47, 40.43%) of which were severe for the first time CT classification worsened at the second examination and lessened at the third examination. 141 cases (100%) were positive for the second nucleic acid test, and the HRCT results for the same period were 44 cases (31.21%) of common type, 53 cases (37.59%) of severe type, and 44 cases (31.21%) of critical type; the average interval time was (3.32±1.61) , (3.93±1.84) , (4.15±1.57) days;the third nucleic acid test were positive among 113 cases and 28 cases were negative, HRCT results of the same period were 79 cases (56.03%) of common type, 46 cases (32.62%) of severe type, and 16 cases (11.35%) of critical type;the average interval from the first CT examination were: (5.59±1.83) , (7.32±1.37) , (7.55±1.78) days. The differences in CT typing at different time were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The clinical features of COVID-19 and HRCT images are diverse, extensive GGO and infiltrates in both lungs are typical. Viral nucleic acid tests usually occur earlier or at the same time as the CT examination positive, and there are false negatives in nucleic acid tests. In some epidemiological backgrounds, CT imaging manifestations and evolutionary characteristics are of great significance for early warning of lung injury, assessment of disease severity, and assistance in clinical typing and post-treatment follow-up.},
}
@article {pmid32486556,
year = {2020},
author = {, and , },
title = {[Guide for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019].},
journal = {Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases},
volume = {43},
number = {6},
pages = {473-489},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-112147-20200321-00392},
pmid = {32486556},
issn = {1001-0939},
abstract = {In December 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and later the disease was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) . On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced that COVID-19 had reached global pandemic status. This article summarized the understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention and control measures of COVID-19 based on the available data and anti-epidemic experience in China.},
}
@article {pmid32486534,
year = {2020},
author = {Wu, JH and Li, X and Huang, B and Su, H and Li, Y and Luo, DJ and Chen, S and Ma, L and Wang, SH and Nie, X and Peng, L},
title = {[Pathological changes of fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the lungs: report of 10 cases by postmortem needle autopsy].},
journal = {Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology},
volume = {49},
number = {6},
pages = {568-575},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200405-00291},
pmid = {32486534},
issn = {0529-5807},
support = {2020YFC0845700//The Key Special Project of Ministry of Science and Technology, China/ ; 2020kfyXGYJ101//The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/ ; },
abstract = {Objectives: To observe the pulmonary changes with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in postmortem needle specimens, to detect the presence of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) in the lung tissues, and to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: For 10 decedents with 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, bilateral lungs underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous multi-point puncture autopsy, and pulmonary pathological changes were described in routine hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) slides. Electron microscopy was also performed. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to detect 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in lung tissue, and the pathological characteristics were demonstrated in combination with clinical data analysis. Results: Of the 10 deaths associated with COVID-19, 7 were male and 3 were female. The average age was 70 (39-87) years. Medical record showed that 7 patients had underlying diseases. The average course of disease was 30 (16-36) days. Nine cases showed fibrinous and suppurative exudation in the alveolar cavity accompanied by the formation of hyaline membrane, and fibroblastic proliferation of alveolar septum. Type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells showed reactive hyperplasia and desquamation. Many macrophages accumulated in the alveolar cavity. Capillary hyaline thrombus and intravascular mixed thrombus were noted. In some cases, acute bronchiolitis with mucous membrane exfoliation, accumulation of bronchiolar secretions, and bronchiolar epithelial metaplasia occurred. In the cohort, a large number of bacteria (cocci) were detected in 1 case and a large number of fungi (yeast type) were detected in 1 case. Nine cases were positive for the nucleic acids of 2019-nCoV while one case remained negative by RT-PCR. Coronavirus particles were detected in the cytoplasm of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium. Conclusions: The pulmonary pathological changes of fatal COVID-19 are diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), mainly in the acute exudative stage and the organic proliferative stage. There are fibrinous exudate aggregation in alveolar cavity with hyaline membrane formation, fibroblastic proliferation in alveolar septum, and alveolar epithelial cell injuries with reactive hyperplasia and desquamation of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells. A large amount of neutrophils and monocytes infiltration is present in most cases and bacteria and fungi are detected in some cases, suggesting a serious bacterial or fungal infection secondary to the DAD.},
}
@article {pmid32486488,
year = {2020},
author = {Mehmel, M and Jovanović, N and Spitz, U},
title = {Nicotinamide Riboside-The Current State of Research and Therapeutic Uses.},
journal = {Nutrients},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/nu12061616},
pmid = {32486488},
issn = {2072-6643},
abstract = {Nicotinamide riboside (NR) has recently become one of the most studied nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors, due to its numerous potential health benefits mediated via elevated NAD+ content in the body. NAD+ is an essential coenzyme that plays important roles in various metabolic pathways and increasing its overall content has been confirmed as a valuable strategy for treating a wide variety of pathophysiological conditions. Accumulating evidence on NRs' health benefits has validated its efficiency across numerous animal and human studies for the treatment of a number of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. As the prevalence and morbidity of these conditions increases in modern society, the great necessity has arisen for a rapid translation of NR to therapeutic use and further establishment of its availability as a nutritional supplement. Here, we summarize currently available data on NR effects on metabolism, and several neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, through to its application as a treatment for specific pathophysiological conditions. In addition, we have reviewed newly published research on the application of NR as a potential therapy against infections with several pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, to support rapid NR translation to therapeutics, the challenges related to its bioavailability and safety are addressed, together with the advantages of NR to other NAD+ precursors.},
}
@article {pmid32486477,
year = {2020},
author = {Mavrikou, S and Moschopoulou, G and Tsekouras, V and Kintzios, S},
title = {Development of a Portable, Ultra-Rapid and Ultra-Sensitive Cell-Based Biosensor for the Direct Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Antigen.},
journal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {20},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/s20113121},
pmid = {32486477},
issn = {1424-8220},
abstract = {One of the key challenges of the recent COVID-19 pandemic is the ability to accurately estimate the number of infected individuals, particularly asymptomatic and/or early-stage patients. We herewith report the proof-of-concept development of a biosensor able to detect the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein expressed on the surface of the virus. The biosensor is based on membrane-engineered mammalian cells bearing the human chimeric spike S1 antibody. We demonstrate that the attachment of the protein to the membrane-bound antibodies resulted in a selective and considerable change in the cellular bioelectric properties measured by means of a Bioelectric Recognition Assay. The novel biosensor provided results in an ultra-rapid manner (3 min), with a detection limit of 1 fg/mL and a semi-linear range of response between 10 fg and 1 μg/mL. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Furthermore, the biosensor was configured as a ready-to-use platform, including a portable read-out device operated via smartphone/tablet. In this way, we demonstrate that the novel biosensor can be potentially applied for the mass screening of SARS-CoV-2 surface antigens without prior sample processing, therefore offering a possible solution for the timely monitoring and eventual control of the global coronavirus pandemic.},
}
@article {pmid32486469,
year = {2020},
author = {Marchandot, B and Sattler, L and Jesel, L and Matsushita, K and Schini-Kerth, V and Grunebaum, L and Morel, O},
title = {COVID-19 Related Coagulopathy: A Distinct Entity?.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/jcm9061651},
pmid = {32486469},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted healthcare communities across the globe on an unprecedented scale. Patients have had diverse clinical outcomes, but those developing COVID-19-related coagulopathy have shown a disproportionately worse outcome. This narrative review summarizes current evidence regarding the epidemiology, clinical features, known and presumed pathophysiology-based models, and treatment guidance regarding COVID-19 coagulopathy.},
}
@article {pmid32486403,
year = {2020},
author = {Xiong, Y and Wang, Y and Chen, F and Zhu, M},
title = {Spatial Statistics and Influencing Factors of the COVID-19 Epidemic at Both Prefecture and County Levels in Hubei Province, China.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113903},
pmid = {32486403},
issn = {1660-4601},
support = {2017A030307040//Guangdong Natural Science Foundation/ ; 17KYKT13//Intangible Cultural Heritage Research Base Project of Guangdong province/ ; },
abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has had a crucial influence on people's lives and socio-economic development throughout China and across the globe since December 2019. An understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of the COVID-19 epidemic on multiple scales could benefit the control of the outbreak. Therefore, we used spatial autocorrelation and Spearman's rank correlation methods to investigate these two topics, respectively. The COVID-19 epidemic data reported publicly and relevant open data in Hubei province were analyzed. The results showed that (1) at both prefecture and county levels, the global spatial autocorrelation was extremely significant for the cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases (CCC) in Hubei province from 30 January to 18 February 2020. Further, (2) at both levels, the significant hotspot and cluster/outlier area was observed solely in Wuhan city and most of its districts/sub-cities from 30 January to 18 February 2020. (3) At the prefecture level in Hubei province, the number of CCC had a positive and extremely significant correlation (p < 0.01) with the registered population (RGP), resident population (RSP), Baidu migration index (BMI), regional gross domestic production (GDP), and total retail sales of consumer goods (TRS), respectively, from 29 January to 18 February 2020 and had a negative and significant correlation (p < 0.05) with minimum elevation (MINE) from 2 February to 18 February 2020, but no association with the land area (LA), population density (PD), maximum elevation (MAXE), mean elevation (MNE), and range of elevation (RAE) from 23 January to 18 February 2020. (4) At the county level, the number of CCC in Hubei province had a positive and extremely significant correlation (p < 0.01) with PD, RGP, RSP, GDP, and TRS, respectively, from 27 January to 18 February 2020, and was negatively associated with MINE, MAXE, MNE, and RAE, respectively, from 26 January to 18 February 2020, and negatively associated with LA from 30 January to 18 February 2020. It suggested that (1) the COVID-19 epidemic at both levels in Hubei province had evident characteristics of significant global spatial autocorrelations and significant centralized high-risk outbreaks, and had an extremely significant association with social and economic factors. (2) The COVID-19 epidemics were significantly associated with the natural factors, such as LA, MAXE, MNE, and RAE, -only at the county level, not at the prefecture level, from 2 February to 18 February 2020. (3) The COVID-19 epidemics were significantly related to the socioeconomic factors, such as RGP, RSP, TRS, and GDP, at both levels from 26 January to 18 February 2020. It is desired that this study enrich our understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of the COVID-19 epidemic and benefit classified prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic for policymakers.},
}
@article {pmid32486380,
year = {2020},
author = {Lesser, IA and Nienhuis, CP},
title = {The Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Activity Behavior and Well-Being of Canadians.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113899},
pmid = {32486380},
issn = {1660-4601},
abstract = {A global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) resulted in restrictions to daily living for Canadians, including social distancing and closure of city and provincial recreation facilities, national parks and playgrounds. The objective of this study was to assess how these preemptive measures impacted physical activity behaviour and well-being of Canadians. An online survey was utilized to measure participant physical activity behavior, nature exposure, well-being and anxiety levels. Results indicate that while 40.5% of inactive individuals became less active, only 22.4% of active individuals became less active. Comparatively, 33% of inactive individuals became more active while 40.3% of active individuals became more active. There were significant differences in well-being outcomes in the inactive population between those who were more active, the same or less active (p < 0.001) but this was not seen in the active population. Inactive participants who spent more time engaged in outdoor physical activity had lower anxiety than those who spent less time in outdoor physical activity. Public health measures differentially affected Canadians who were active and inactive and physical activity was strongly associated with well-being outcomes in inactive individuals. This suggests that health promoting measures directed towards inactive individuals may be essential to improving well-being.},
}
@article {pmid32486364,
year = {2020},
author = {Nasrollahzadeh, M and Sajjadi, M and Soufi, GJ and Iravani, S and Varma, RS},
title = {Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology-Associated Innovations against Viral Infections with a Focus on Coronaviruses.},
journal = {Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/nano10061072},
pmid = {32486364},
issn = {2079-4991},
abstract = {Viral infections have recently emerged not only as a health threat to people but rapidly became the cause of universal fatality on a large scale. Nanomaterials comprising functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) and quantum dots and nanotechnology-associated innovative detection methods, vaccine design, and nanodrug production have shown immense promise for interfacing with pathogenic viruses and restricting their entrance into cells. These viruses have been scrutinized using rapid diagnostic detection and therapeutic interventional options against the caused infections including vaccine development for prevention and control. Coronaviruses, namely SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, have endangered human life, and the COVID-19 (caused by SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has become a perilous challenge to public health globally with huge accompanying morbidity rates. Thus, it is imperative to expedite the drug and vaccine development efforts that would help mitigate this pandemic. In this regard, smart and innovative nano-based technologies and approaches encompassing applications of green nanomedicine, bio-inspired methods, multifunctional bioengineered nanomaterials, and biomimetic drug delivery systems/carriers can help resolve the critical issues regarding detection, prevention, and treatment of viral infections. This perspective review expounds recent nanoscience advancements for the detection and treatment of viral infections with focus on coronaviruses and encompasses nano-based formulations and delivery platforms, nanovaccines, and promising methods for clinical diagnosis, especially regarding SARS-CoV-2.},
}
@article {pmid32486283,
year = {2020},
author = {Fernandes, RS and Freire, MCLC and Bueno, RV and Godoy, AS and Gil, LHVG and Oliva, G},
title = {Reporter Replicons for Antiviral Drug Discovery against Positive Single-Stranded RNA Viruses.},
journal = {Viruses},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/v12060598},
pmid = {32486283},
issn = {1999-4915},
support = {2013/07600-3; 2018/05130-3; 2018/17095-8 and 2016/19712-9//Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)/ ; 400773/2019-8 and 151058/2018-0//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)/ ; },
abstract = {Single-stranded positive RNA ((+) ssRNA) viruses include several important human pathogens. Some members are responsible for large outbreaks, such as Zika virus, West Nile virus, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, while others are endemic, causing an enormous global health burden. Since vaccines or specific treatments are not available for most viral infections, the discovery of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) is an urgent need. Still, the low-throughput nature of and biosafety concerns related to traditional antiviral assays hinders the discovery of new inhibitors. With the advances of reverse genetics, reporter replicon systems have become an alternative tool for the screening of DAAs. Herein, we review decades of the use of (+) ssRNA viruses replicon systems for the discovery of antiviral agents. We summarize different strategies used to develop those systems, as well as highlight some of the most promising inhibitors identified by the method. Despite the genetic alterations introduced, reporter replicons have been shown to be reliable systems for screening and identification of viral replication inhibitors and, therefore, an important tool for the discovery of new DAAs.},
}
@article {pmid32486229,
year = {2020},
author = {Hagar, M and Ahmed, HA and Aljohani, G and Alhaddad, OA},
title = {Investigation of Some Antiviral N-Heterocycles as COVID 19 Drug: Molecular Docking and DFT Calculations.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {21},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijms21113922},
pmid = {32486229},
issn = {1422-0067},
abstract = {The novel coronavirus, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a global health pandemic that started in December 2019. The effective drug target among coronaviruses is the main protease Mpro, because of its essential role in processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA. In this study, the bioactivity of some selected heterocyclic drugs named Favipiravir (1), Amodiaquine (2), 2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine (3), and Ribavirin (4) was evaluated as inhibitors and nucleotide analogues for COVID-19 using computational modeling strategies. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to estimate the thermal parameters, dipole moment, polarizability, and molecular electrostatic potential of the present drugs; additionally, Mulliken atomic charges of the drugs as well as the chemical reactivity descriptors were investigated. The nominated drugs were docked on SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDB: 6LU7) to evaluate the binding affinity of these drugs. Besides, the computations data of DFT the docking simulation studies was predicted that the Amodiaquine (2) has the least binding energy (-7.77 Kcal/mol) and might serve as a good inhibitor to SARS-CoV-2 comparable with the approved medicines, hydroxychloroquine, and remdesivir which have binding affinity -6.06 and -4.96 Kcal/mol, respectively. The high binding affinity of 2 was attributed to the presence of three hydrogen bonds along with different hydrophobic interactions between the drug and the critical amino acids residues of the receptor. Finally, the estimated molecular electrostatic potential results by DFT were used to illustrate the molecular docking findings. The DFT calculations showed that drug 2 has the highest of lying HOMO, electrophilicity index, basicity, and dipole moment. All these parameters could share with different extent to significantly affect the binding affinity of these drugs with the active protein sites.},
}
@article {pmid32486196,
year = {2020},
author = {Archie, SR and Cucullo, L},
title = {Cerebrovascular and Neurological Dysfunction under the Threat of COVID-19: Is There a Comorbid Role for Smoking and Vaping?.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {21},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijms21113916},
pmid = {32486196},
issn = {1422-0067},
support = {2R01-DA029121/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States ; 1R01-DA049737/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {The recently discovered novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus), has brought the whole world to standstill with critical challenges, affecting both health and economic sectors worldwide. Although initially, this pandemic was associated with causing severe pulmonary and respiratory disorders, recent case studies reported the association of cerebrovascular-neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, which is also life-threatening. Several SARS-CoV-2 positive case studies have been reported where there are mild or no symptoms of this virus. However, a selection of patients are suffering from large artery ischemic strokes. Although the pathophysiology of the SARS-CoV-2 virus affecting the cerebrovascular system has not been elucidated yet, researchers have identified several pathogenic mechanisms, including a role for the ACE2 receptor. Therefore, it is extremely crucial to identify the risk factors related to the progression and adverse outcome of cerebrovascular-neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Since many articles have reported the effect of smoking (tobacco and cannabis) and vaping in cerebrovascular and neurological systems, and considering that smokers are more prone to viral and bacterial infection compared to non-smokers, it is high time to explore the probable correlation of smoking in COVID-19 patients. Herein, we have reviewed the possible role of smoking and vaping on cerebrovascular and neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, along with potential pathogenic mechanisms associated with it.},
}
@article {pmid32486188,
year = {2020},
author = {Morgan, K and Samuel, K and Vandeputte, M and Hayes, PC and Plevris, JN},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Liver.},
journal = {Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/pathogens9060430},
pmid = {32486188},
issn = {2076-0817},
abstract = {A novel strain of coronoviridae (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan China in December 2019. Initially, infection presented with a broad spectrum of symptoms which typically included muscle aches, fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via ACE2 receptors which are abundant throughout the respiratory tract. However, there is evidence that these receptors are abundant throughout the body, and just as abundant in cholangiocytes as alveolar cells, posing the question of possible direct liver injury. While liver enzymes and function tests do seem to be deranged in some patients, it is questionable if the injury is due to direct viral damage, drug-induced liver injury, hypoxia, or microthromboses. Likely, the injury is multifactoral, and management of infected patients with pre-existing liver disease should be taken into consideration. Ultimately, a vaccine is needed to aid in reducing cases of SARS-CoV-2 and providing immunity to the general population. However, while considering the types of vaccines available, safety concerns, particularly of RNA- or DNA-based vaccines, need to be addressed.},
}
@article {pmid32486140,
year = {2020},
author = {Rajaraman, S and Antani, S},
title = {Weakly Labeled Data Augmentation for Deep Learning: A Study on COVID-19 Detection in Chest X-Rays.},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/diagnostics10060358},
pmid = {32486140},
issn = {2075-4418},
abstract = {The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic resulting in over 2.7 million infected individuals and over 190,000 deaths and growing. Assertions in the literature suggest that respiratory disorders due to COVID-19 commonly present with pneumonia-like symptoms which are radiologically confirmed as opacities. Radiology serves as an adjunct to the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test for confirmation and evaluating disease progression. While computed tomography (CT) imaging is more specific than chest X-rays (CXR), its use is limited due to cross-contamination concerns. CXR imaging is commonly used in high-demand situations, placing a significant burden on radiology services. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has been suggested to alleviate this burden. However, there is a dearth of sufficient training data for developing image-based AI tools. We propose increasing training data for recognizing COVID-19 pneumonia opacities using weakly labeled data augmentation. This follows from a hypothesis that the COVID-19 manifestation would be similar to that caused by other viral pathogens affecting the lungs. We expand the training data distribution for supervised learning through the use of weakly labeled CXR images, automatically pooled from publicly available pneumonia datasets, to classify them into those with bacterial or viral pneumonia opacities. Next, we use these selected images in a stage-wise, strategic approach to train convolutional neural network-based algorithms and compare against those trained with non-augmented data. Weakly labeled data augmentation expands the learned feature space in an attempt to encompass variability in unseen test distributions, enhance inter-class discrimination, and reduce the generalization error. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that simple weakly labeled data augmentation (Acc: 0.5555 and Acc: 0.6536) is better than baseline non-augmented training (Acc: 0.2885 and Acc: 0.5028) in identifying COVID-19 manifestations as viral pneumonia. Interestingly, adding COVID-19 CXRs to simple weakly labeled augmented training data significantly improves the performance (Acc: 0.7095 and Acc: 0.8889), suggesting that COVID-19, though viral in origin, creates a uniquely different presentation in CXRs compared with other viral pneumonia manifestations.},
}
@article {pmid32486074,
year = {2020},
author = {Zipprich, HM and Teschner, U and Witte, OW and Schönenberg, A and Prell, T},
title = {Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Burden During the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Parkinson's Disease in Germany.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/jcm9061643},
pmid = {32486074},
issn = {2077-0383},
support = {01GY1804//Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung/ ; },
abstract = {Background: Adherence to measures that have been adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial to control the spread of the coronavirus. Methods: Semi-structured telephone interviews were performed with 99 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 21 controls to explore knowledge, attitudes, practices, and burden in order to elucidate nonadherence to preventive measures. Results: The majority of patients understood the preventive measures and felt sufficiently informed. Analysis of qualitative answers, however, showed that about 30% of patients had an insufficient level of knowledge, which was not associated with educational level, cognitive disorders, or depression. Changes in behaviour were reported by 73 patients (99% performed at least one specific preventive behavior, and 86.9% have reduced social contacts and stayed home). A closer analysis of qualitative answers showed that 27.3% of patients continued to meet relatives face-to-face almost daily. Anxiety and worries about the current situation were reported by 58.6% of patients; 31.3% complained about a decrease in their mobility since the beginning of the restrictions, mainly because of worsening of PD and because regular therapies (e.g., physiotherapy) were canceled. Conclusions: About 30% of PD patients are nonadherent to preventive measures. Use of simple dichotomous questions overestimates adherence to preventive measures in patients with PD.},
}
@article {pmid32486055,
year = {2020},
author = {Chatterjee, A and Gerdes, MW and Martinez, SG},
title = {Statistical Explorations and Univariate Timeseries Analysis on COVID-19 Datasets to Understand the Trend of Disease Spreading and Death.},
journal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {20},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/s20113089},
pmid = {32486055},
issn = {1424-8220},
abstract = {&quot;Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)&quot;, the novel coronavirus, is responsible for the ongoing worldwide pandemic. &quot;World Health Organization (WHO)&quot; assigned an &quot;International Classification of Diseases (ICD)&quot; code-&quot;COVID-19&quot;-as the name of the new disease. Coronaviruses are generally transferred by people and many diverse species of animals, including birds and mammals such as cattle, camels, cats, and bats. Infrequently, the coronavirus can be transferred from animals to humans, and then propagate among people, such as with &quot;Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)&quot;, &quot;Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV)&quot;, and now with this new virus, namely &quot;SARS-CoV-2&quot;, or human coronavirus. Its rapid spreading has sent billions of people into lockdown as health services struggle to cope up. The COVID-19 outbreak comes along with an exponential growth of new infections, as well as a growing death count. A major goal to limit the further exponential spreading is to slow down the transmission rate, which is denoted by a &quot;spread factor (f)&quot;, and we proposed an algorithm in this study for analyzing the same. This paper addresses the potential of data science to assess the risk factors correlated with COVID-19, after analyzing existing datasets available in &quot;ourworldindata.org (Oxford University database)&quot;, and newly simulated datasets, following the analysis of different univariate &quot;Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)&quot; models for forecasting new cases and resulting deaths. The result shows that vanilla, stacked, and bidirectional LSTM models outperformed multilayer LSTM models. Besides, we discuss the findings related to the statistical analysis on simulated datasets. For correlation analysis, we included features, such as external temperature, rainfall, sunshine, population, infected cases, death, country, population, area, and population density of the past three months - January, February, and March in 2020. For univariate timeseries forecasting using LSTM, we used datasets from 1 January 2020, to 22 April 2020.},
}
@article {pmid32486011,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, Z and Yang, J and Dai, B},
title = {Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination Under Current Control Strategies in Japan.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113872},
pmid = {32486011},
issn = {1660-4601},
support = {11871475,61803152//National Nature Science Foundation of China/ ; },
abstract = {COVID-19 has globally spread to over 4 million people and the epidemic situation in Japan is very serious. The purpose of this research was to assess the risk of COVID-19 epidemic dissemination in Japan by estimating the current state of epidemic dissemination and providing some epidemic prevention and control recommendations. Firstly, the period from 6 January to 31 March 2020 was divided into four stages and the relevant parameters were estimated according to the imported cases in Japan. The basic reproduction number of the current stage is 1.954 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.851-2.025), which means COVID-19 will spread quickly, and the self-healing rate of Japanese is about 0.495 (95% CI 0.437-0.506), with small variations in the four stages. Secondly, the results were applied to the actual reported cases from 1 to 5 April 2020, verifying the reliability of the estimated data using the accumulated reported cases located within the 95% confidence interval and the relative error of forecast data of five days being less than 2 . 5 % . Thirdly, considering the medical resources in Japan, the times the epidemic beds and ventilators become fully occupied are predicted as 5 and 15 May 2020, respectively. Keeping with the current situation, the final death toll in Japan may reach into the millions. Finally, based on experience with COVID-19 prevention and control in China, robust measures such as nationwide shutdown, store closures, citizens isolating themselves at home, and increasing PCR testing would quickly and effectively prevent COVID-19 spread.},
}
@article {pmid32485979,
year = {2020},
author = {Chan, EYY and Huang, Z and Lo, ESK and Hung, KKC and Wong, ELY and Wong, SYS},
title = {Sociodemographic Predictors of Health Risk Perception, Attitude and Behavior Practices Associated with Health-Emergency Disaster Risk Management for Biological Hazards: The Case of COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong, SAR China.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113869},
pmid = {32485979},
issn = {1660-4601},
abstract = {In addition to top-down Health-Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) efforts, bottom-up individual and household measures are crucial for prevention and emergency response of the COVID-19 pandemic, a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). There is limited scientific evidence of the knowledge, perception, attitude and behavior patterns of the urban population. A computerized randomized digital dialing, cross-sectional, population landline-based telephone survey was conducted from 22 March to 1 April 2020 in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Data were collected for socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and risk perception, and various self-reported Health-EDRM behavior patterns associated with COVID-19. The final study sample was 765. Although the respondents thought that individuals (68.6%) had similar responsibilities as government (67.5%) in infection control, less than 50% had sufficient health risk management knowledge to safeguard health and well-being. Among the examined Health-EDRM measures, significant differences were found between attitude and practice in regards to washing hands with soap, ordering takeaways, wearing masks, avoidance of visiting public places or using public transport, and travel avoidance to COVID-19-confirmed regions. Logistic regression indicated that the elderly were less likely to worry about infection with COVID-19. Compared to personal and household hygiene practices, lower compliance was found for public social distancing.},
}
@article {pmid32485970,
year = {2020},
author = {Neerukonda, SN and Katneni, U},
title = {A Review on SARS-CoV-2 Virology, Pathophysiology, Animal Models, and Anti-Viral Interventions.},
journal = {Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/pathogens9060426},
pmid = {32485970},
issn = {2076-0817},
abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly pathogenic and transmissible CoV that is presently plaguing the global human population and economy. No proven effective antiviral therapy or vaccine currently exists, and supportive care remains to be the cornerstone treatment. Through previous lessons learned from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV studies, scientific groups worldwide have rapidly expanded the knowledge pertaining to SARS-CoV-2 virology that includes in vitro and in vivo models for testing of antiviral therapies and randomized clinical trials. In the present narrative, we review SARS-CoV-2 virology, clinical features, pathophysiology, and animal models with a specific focus on the antiviral and adjunctive therapies currently being tested or that require testing in animal models and randomized clinical trials.},
}
@article {pmid32485959,
year = {2020},
author = {De Stefani, A and Bruno, G and Mutinelli, S and Gracco, A},
title = {COVID-19 Outbreak Perception in Italian Dentists.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113867},
pmid = {32485959},
issn = {1660-4601},
abstract = {The aim of this study is an evaluation of the Italian dentists' knowledge regarding COVID-19 and their perception of the risks associated with COVID-19, their attitude in resuming their activities, and how they judge the institutional intervention on a health and economic basis.<br><br>METHODS: This research evaluated Italian dentists from 11 to 18 April 2020, using a questionnaire submitted via Google Forms (Alphabet, Mountain View, CA, USA). It consisted of different investigations about sociodemographic aspects, profession-related characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19 infection transmission modalities, symptoms, and attitude in treating potentially infected patients. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson chi2 test and Student t-test. The α-level was fixed at p = 0.05. All data were analyzed with STATA 16 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA).<br><br>RESULTS: 1500 dentists (664 men and 836 women) completed the questionnaire. The majority of respondents declared having been trained in infection prevention procedures (64.3%) but not specifically to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (48.7%). A total of 57.2% declared that they were not trained sufficiently to restart working after lockdown, with a significantly higher prevalence (Pearson chi2 test, p < 0.001) among women (62.3%) than men (50.9%).<br><br>CONCLUSION: Italian dentists were informed correctly on the mode of transmission but partially missed COVID-19 symptoms. Dentists considered the virus infection highly dangerous, and they were not confident in being able to work safely. The lack of precise operating guidelines creates uncertainties on infection control measures and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) use. The participants revealed apprehension for their health and the current and future economic situation of their practices.},
}
@article {pmid32485894,
year = {2020},
author = {Eleftheriou, P and Amanatidou, D and Petrou, A and Geronikaki, A},
title = {In Silico Evaluation of the Effectivity of Approved Protease Inhibitors against the Main Protease of the Novel SARS-CoV-2 Virus.},
journal = {Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {25},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/molecules25112529},
pmid = {32485894},
issn = {1420-3049},
abstract = {The coronavirus disease, COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which first emerged in Wuhan, China and was made known to the World in December 2019 turned into a pandemic causing more than 126,124 deaths worldwide up to April 16th, 2020. It has 79.5% sequence identity with SARS-CoV-1 and the same strategy for host cell invasion through the ACE-2 surface protein. Since the development of novel drugs is a long-lasting process, researchers look for effective substances among drugs already approved or developed for other purposes. The 3D structure of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease was compared with the 3D structures of seven proteases, which are drug targets, and docking analysis to the SARS-CoV-2 protease structure of thirty four approved and on-trial protease inhibitors was performed. Increased 3D structural similarity between the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, the HCV protease and α-thrombin was found. According to docking analysis the most promising results were found for HCV protease, DPP-4, α-thrombin and coagulation Factor Xa known inhibitors, with several of them exhibiting estimated free binding energy lower than -8.00 kcal/mol and better prediction results than reference compounds. Since some of the compounds are well-tolerated drugs, the promising in silico results may warrant further evaluation for viral anticipation. DPP-4 inhibitors with anti-viral action may be more useful for infected patients with diabetes, while anti-coagulant treatment is proposed in severe SARS-CoV-2 induced pneumonia.},
}
@article {pmid32485875,
year = {2020},
author = {Priyadarshini, I and Mohanty, P and Kumar, R and Son, LH and Chau, HTM and Nhu, VH and Thi Ngo, PT and Tien Bui, D},
title = {Analysis of Outbreak and Global Impacts of the COVID-19.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/healthcare8020148},
pmid = {32485875},
issn = {2227-9032},
abstract = {Corona viruses are a large family of viruses that are not only restricted to causing illness in humans but also affect animals such as camels, cattle, cats, and bats, thus affecting a large group of living species. The outbreak of Corona virus in late December 2019 (also known as COVID-19) raised major concerns when the outbreak started getting tremendous. While the first case was discovered in Wuhan, China, it did not take long for the disease to travel across the globe and infect every continent (except Antarctica), killing thousands of people. Since it has become a global concern, different countries have been working toward the treatment and generation of vaccine, leading to different speculations. While some argue that the vaccine may only be a few weeks away, others believe that it may take some time to create the vaccine. Given the increasing number of deaths, the COVID-19 has caused havoc worldwide and is a matter of serious concern. Thus, there is a need to study how the disease has been propagating across continents by numbers as well as by regions. This study incorporates a detailed description of how the COVID-19 outbreak started in China and managed to spread across the globe rapidly. We take into account the COVID-19 outbreak cases (confirmed, recovered, death) in order to make some observations regarding the pandemic. Given the detailed description of the outbreak, this study would be beneficial to certain industries that may be affected by the outbreak in order to take timely precautionary measures in the future. Further, the study lists some industries that have witnessed the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on a global scale.},
}
@article {pmid32485871,
year = {2020},
author = {Shim, E and Mizumoto, K and Choi, W and Chowell, G},
title = {Estimating the Risk of COVID-19 Death During the Course of the Outbreak in Korea, February-May 2020.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/jcm9061641},
pmid = {32485871},
issn = {2077-0383},
support = {2018R1C1B6001723//National Research Foundation of Korea/ ; 15K20936//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ ; G2801//Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers/ ; none//Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science &amp; Technology of Japan/ ; 1414374//joint NSF-NIH-USDA Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases program/ ; BB/M008894/1//UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council grant/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In Korea, a total of 10,840 confirmed cases of COVID-19 including 256 deaths have been recorded as of May 9, 2020. The time-delay adjusted case fatality risk (CFR) of COVID-19 in Korea is yet to be estimated.<br><br>METHODS: We obtained the daily series of confirmed cases and deaths in Korea reported prior to May 9, 2020. Using statistical methods, we estimated the time-delay adjusted risk for death from COVID-19 in Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, other regions in Korea, as well as the entire country.<br><br>RESULTS: Our model-based crude CFR fitted the observed data well throughout the course of the epidemic except for the very early stage in Gyeongsangbuk-do; this was partially due to the reporting delay. Our estimates of the risk of death in Gyeongsangbuk-do reached 25.9% (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 19.6%-33.6%), 20.8% (95% CrI: 18.1%-24.0%) in Daegu, and 1.7% (95% CrI: 1.1%-2.5%) in other regions, whereas the national estimate was 10.2% (95% CrI: 9.0%-11.5%).<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The latest estimates of CFR of COVID-19 in Korea are considerably high, even with the early implementation of public health interventions including widespread testing, social distancing, and delayed school openings. Geographic differences in the CFR are likely influenced by clusters tied to hospitals and nursing homes.},
}
@article {pmid32485859,
year = {2020},
author = {Guo, J and Feng, XL and Wang, XH and van IJzendoorn, MH},
title = {Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113857},
pmid = {32485859},
issn = {1660-4601},
support = {PKU2020PKYZX007//Peking University/ ; },
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to more mental health problems. However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. Quota sampling was used to recruit 2993 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years old. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Exposure to COVID-19 was measured with questions about residence at outbreak, personal exposure, media exposure, and impact on livelihood. General coping style was measured by the brief Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Respondents were also asked 12 additional questions about COVID-19 specific coping behaviors. Direct exposure to COVID-19 instead of the specific location of (temporary) residence within or outside the epicenter (Wuhan) of the pandemic seems important (standardized beta: 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02-0.09). Less mental health problems were also associated with less intense exposure through the media (standardized beta: -0.07, 95% CI: -0.10--0.03). Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10-0.19). More use of cognitive and prosocial coping behaviors were associated with less mental health problems (standardized beta: -0.30, 95% CI: -0.34--0.27). Our study suggests that the mental health consequences of the lockdown impact on livelihood should not be underestimated. Building on cognitive coping behaviors reappraisal or cognitive behavioral treatments may be most promising.},
}
@article {pmid32485858,
year = {2020},
author = {Park, JB and Peters, R and Pham, Q and Wang, TTY},
title = {Javamide-II Inhibits IL-6 without Significant Impact on TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in Macrophage-Like Cells.},
journal = {Biomedicines},
volume = {8},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biomedicines8060138},
pmid = {32485858},
issn = {2227-9059},
support = {1235-51000-054-00D//USDA/ ; },
abstract = {The main aim of this study is to find a therapeutic compound to inhibit IL-6, not TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, in macrophage-like cells, because the high-levels of IL-6 production by macrophages are reported to cause unfavorable outcomes under several disease conditions (e.g., autoimmune diseases, and acute viral infections, including COVID-19). In this study, the potential effects of javamide-II on IL-6, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha productions were determined using their ELISA kits in macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Western blots were also performed using the same cells, to determine its effects on signaling pathways (ERK, p38, JNK, c-Fos, ATF-2, c-Jun and NF-κB p65). At concentrations of 0.2-40 µM, javamide-II inhibited IL-6 production significantly in the THP-1 cells (IC50 of 0.8 µM) (P < 0.02). However, javamide-II did not inhibit IL-1beta or TNF-alpha productions much at the same concentrations. In addition, the treatment of javamide-II decreased the phosphorylation of p38 without significant effects on ERK and JNK phosphorylations in the THP-1 cells. Furthermore, the p38 inhibition, followed by the reduction of ATF-2 phosphorylation (not c-Fos, c-Jun or NF-κB p65), led to the suppression of IL-6 mRNA expression in the cells (P < 0.02). The data indicate that javamide-II may be a potent compound to inhibit IL-6 production via suppressing the p38 signal pathway, without significant effects on the productions of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in macrophage-like THP-1 cells.},
}
@article {pmid32485854,
year = {2020},
author = {Ramírez, IJ and Lee, J},
title = {COVID-19 Emergence and Social and Health Determinants in Colorado: A Rapid Spatial Analysis.},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph17113856},
pmid = {32485854},
issn = {1660-4601},
abstract = {The aim of this rapid analysis was to investigate the spatial patterns of COVID-19 emergence across counties in Colorado. In the U.S. West, Colorado has the second highest number of cases and deaths, second only to California. Colorado is also reporting, like other states, that communities of color and low-income persons are disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Using GIS and correlation analysis, this study explored COVID-19 incidence and deaths from March 14 to April 8, 2020, with social determinants and chronic conditions. Preliminary results demonstrate that COVID-19 incidence intensified in mountain communities west of Denver and along the Urban Front Range, and evolved into new centers of risk in eastern Colorado. Overall, the greatest increase in COVID-19 incidence was in northern Colorado, i.e., Weld County, which reported the highest rates in the Urban Front Range. Social and health determinants associated with higher COVID-19-related deaths were population density and asthma, indicative of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. Furthermore, a spatial overlap of high rates of chronic diseases with high rates of COVID-19 may suggest a broader syndemic health burden, where comorbidities intersect with inequality of social determinants of health.},
}
@article {pmid32481433,
year = {2020},
author = {Huang, S and Wang, S and Wang, M and Rong, J and Yu, W and Li, J and Han, J and Yang, D},
title = {Efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Medicine},
volume = {99},
number = {22},
pages = {e20407},
doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000020407},
pmid = {32481433},
issn = {1536-5964},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture therapy for coronavirus disease 2019.<br><br>METHODS: The following electronic databases will be searched from December 2019 to December 2020: Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases, and other databases. All published randomized controlled trials about this topic will be included. Two independent researchers will operate article retrieval, duplication removing, screening, quality evaluation, and data analyses by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). Meta-analyses, subgroup analysis, and/or descriptive analysis will be performed based on the included data conditions.<br><br>RESULTS: High-quality synthesis and/or descriptive analysis of current evidence will be provided from mortality rate, cure rate, the time of negative nucleic acid detection for 2 consecutive times (not on the same day), improvement of chest CT scans, disappearance time of fever and cough, and side effects.<br><br>CONCLUSION: This study will provide the evidence of whether acupuncture is an effective and safe intervention for coronavirus disease 2019 .PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020179298.},
}
@article {pmid32481381,
year = {2020},
author = {Han, P and Li, F and Cao, P and Hu, S and Kong, K and Deng, Y and Zu, Y and Zhao, B},
title = {A case report with COVID-19 during perioperative period of lobectomy.},
journal = {Medicine},
volume = {99},
number = {22},
pages = {e20166},
doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000020166},
pmid = {32481381},
issn = {1536-5964},
abstract = {RATIONALE: Currently, COVID-19 has made a significant impact on many countries in the world. However, there have been no reported cases of pulmonary lobectomy with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. We are the first to report such a case.<br><br>PATIENT CONCERNS: We report a 63-year-old Wuhan male patient with smoking history of 40 cigarettes per day for 40 years. He sought medical consultation for right lower lung nodules found by CT scan.<br><br>DIAGNOSES AND INTERVENTIONS: The patient's postoperative pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma of the right lower lung. On the fourth day after the operation, the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test showed a positive result. After the operation, we routinely give symptomatic treatments such as anti-infection, nebulization and oxygen inhalation. We also change antibiotics several